Real-time flow monitoring method and device for hydrological system

Abstract

The invention discloses a flow real-time monitoring method and device for a hydrological system, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the hydrological data of a current region, the hydrological data comprising region information, runoff information and rainfall information; according to the area information and the rainfall information, the vegetation interception amount and the evaporation amount of the current area are obtained; according to the vegetation interception amount, the evaporation amount and the runoff information, confluence information of the current area is obtained; and performing calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain hydrological monitoring information of the current area. The hydrological data are monitored, the confluence information is calculated, and the confluence information is calibrated in real time, so that uncertainty of the confluence information is avoided, the reference value of real-time flow monitoring of a hydrological system is prevented from being affected, and the accuracy of the hydrological monitoring information is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of model training, and in particular to a method and device for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of a hydrological system. Background Art

[0002] As an information-intensive industry, water conservancy not only undertakes the allocation and management of water resources, but also provides valuable hydrological data to society, such as rainfall, flood disasters, typhoons, mountain disasters, and tides. At the same time, this information also provides decision-making support for the government and water conservancy administrative decision-making departments in flood control and drought relief, water resource development and utilization, and water resource management. Hydrological data collection refers to collecting hydrological data from various places; in a computer, hydrological data collection refers to automatically collecting hydrological data using computer technology. In the prior art, during the hydrological data collection process, it is impossible to comprehensively analyze the hydrological data and perform calibration processing according to various types of data, resulting in large deviations in hydrological data collection and real-time monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of a hydrological system and its storage medium. By monitoring hydrological data, calculating confluence information, and performing real-time calibration processing on the confluence information, the accuracy of hydrological monitoring information is improved.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its problems is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of a hydrological system. The method includes: obtaining hydrological data of a current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information, and rainfall information; obtaining the vegetation interception amount and evaporation amount of the current area according to the area information and the rainfall information; obtaining the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception amount, the evaporation amount, and the runoff information; and performing calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area.

[0006] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of a hydrological system, including: an obtaining module for obtaining hydrological data of a current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information, and rainfall information; a calculation module for obtaining the vegetation interception amount and evaporation amount of the current area according to the area information and the rainfall information; a confluence module for obtaining the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception amount, the evaporation amount, and the runoff information; and a calibration module for performing calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area.

[0007] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the real-time flow monitoring method of the above-described hydrological system is implemented.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor, implements the real-time flow monitoring method of the above-described hydrological system.

[0009] In the embodiment of the present application, hydrological data of the current area is acquired, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information, and rainfall information; the vegetation interception and evaporation of the current area are obtained according to the area information and rainfall information; the confluence information of the current area is obtained according to the vegetation interception, evaporation, and runoff information; and the confluence information of the current area is calibrated to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area. By monitoring the hydrological data, calculating the confluence information, and performing real-time calibration processing on the confluence information, the uncertainty of the confluence information is avoided, which affects the reference value of the real-time flow monitoring of the hydrological system, and the accuracy of the hydrological monitoring information is improved.

[0010] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a flowchart of step S2000 in

[0013] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a flowchart of step S2300 in

[0014] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a flowchart of step S3000 in

[0015] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a flowchart of step S3300 in

[0016] Figure 6 is Figure 1 a flowchart of step S4000 in

[0017] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a flowchart of step S4200 in

[0018] Figure 8 The structural diagram of the real-time flow monitoring device of the hydrological system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship involved in the orientation description, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is more than two, greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present number. If the first and second are described only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0024] The real-time flow monitoring method, device and storage medium of the hydrological system according to the embodiment of the present invention obtain the hydrological data of the current area by obtaining the hydrological data of the current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information and rainfall information; obtain the vegetation interception amount and evaporation amount of the current area according to the area information and rainfall information; obtain the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception amount, evaporation amount and runoff information; perform calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area. By monitoring the hydrological data, calculating the confluence information, and performing real-time calibration processing on the confluence information, the uncertainty of the confluence information is avoided, which affects the reference value of the real-time flow monitoring of the hydrological system, and the accuracy of the hydrological monitoring information is improved.

[0025] The hydrological and water conservancy monitoring and alarm system is mainly used to monitor the operation of water conservancy in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, and timely reflect the hydrological characteristics of each water area, so that relevant departments can make arrangements to prevent flood disasters. The hydrological and water conservancy monitoring and alarm system detects digital information such as the temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, water quality, water flow velocity, water volume, video images or pictures of water conservancy through various detectors, and uploads it to the online monitoring and supervision center through a wireless communication channel. At the same time, various internal management systems and dispatching automation systems can be logged in through the internal network. The monitoring center is equipped with a large-screen system, and various online monitoring data, images, videos and the positions of emergency repair vehicles and other information can be intuitively displayed on the large screen, enabling the monitoring personnel to timely monitor the on-site situation, accurately judge the status, and command vehicles and professional personnel to handle various maintenance and emergency repair work. Hydrological automatic measurement and remote measurement stations can be divided into hydrological stations, water level stations, rainfall stations, water quality stations, sluice position stations, flow measurement stations, etc. according to different collected parameters. It mainly consists of a remote measurement terminal, sensors, cameras, and photovoltaic power supply. The remote measurement station takes the remote measurement terminal as the core to realize the measurement and control functions such as the collection, preprocessing, storage, and transmission of hydrological and water resource information.

[0026] However, in the existing technology, during the real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the hydrological system, the hydrological data cannot be accurately processed and analyzed, the real-time flow rate cannot be accurately predicted, and the calibration process cannot be carried out according to the confluence information of the current area. As a result, the accuracy of hydrological data monitoring is low and the cost cannot be controlled. The confluence information is uncertain, and at the same time, the calibration process cannot be carried out according to the confluence information of the current area, resulting in a large deviation in the real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the hydrological system. In addition, the hydrological data cannot be accurately warned, resulting in low efficiency of hydrological data control.

[0027] Based on the above, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device and storage medium for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of a hydrological system. By obtaining the hydrological data of the current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information and rainfall information; according to the area information and rainfall information, the vegetation interception volume and evaporation volume of the current area are obtained; according to the vegetation interception volume, evaporation volume and runoff information, the confluence information of the current area is obtained; and the confluence information of the current area is calibrated to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area. By monitoring hydrological data, calculating confluence information, and performing real-time calibration on the confluence information, the uncertainty of the confluence information is avoided, which affects the reference value of the real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the hydrological system, and the accuracy of the hydrological monitoring information is improved.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which shows the flow of the method for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the hydrological system provided by the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the method for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of the hydrological system according to the embodiments of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0029] Step S1000: Obtain the hydrological data of the current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information, and rainfall information.

[0030] It can be understood that hydrological data mainly includes surface water, groundwater, water quality data, and relevant attribute data such as river and lake topography, including original monitoring data, compiled results data, statistical analysis results, and application support data. A hydrological database refers to a hydrological data storage and retrieval system based on an electronic computer, which is an important part of the entire hydrological information processing system and an application of modern database management technology in the hydrological field. By using the functions of an electronic computer, historical and real-time hydrological data collected at hydrological stations are input into the database, and through various output methods and processing technologies, services can be quickly and accurately provided to a large number of users. In practical applications, area information can reflect different landforms and terrains in different areas, so that different hydrological response characteristics can be obtained based on the area information. Specifically, it includes different landforms such as hilly terrain, urban areas, and river network areas. Based on the area information, runoff information and rainfall information can be accurately analyzed and processed to obtain accurate and real-time predicted flow rates.

[0031] It can be understood that hydrological data collection involves collecting hydrological data from different places. The regional differences and real-time nature of hydrological data are very obvious. Hydrological data at different times is different. If people are relied on to collect this data, it is a time-consuming and laborious project. In computer science, hydrological data collection, also known as hydrological data acquisition, refers to a process of using some equipment to automatically obtain relevant data and transmit it back to the main station database. The process of hydrological data collection is similar to that of general data acquisition. Hydrological data collection is mainly for hydrological data analysis and to provide decision-making information for future hydrological-related services. Most hydrological data is collected through telemetry stations. The process of a telemetry station converting various parameters of hydrological data through various sensors, and then passing them through steps such as signal conditioning, sampling, quantization, encoding, and transmission to the controller.

[0032] Step S2000: Obtain the vegetation interception and evaporation of the current area based on the area information and rainfall information.

[0033] It is understandable that in vegetated areas such as hilly terrains, the forest canopy and the understory vegetation layer act like an umbrella, reducing the raindrop potential and intercepting part of the precipitation. The vegetation interception can be regarded as consisting of two parts. First, the amount of water evaporated from the leaf and branch surfaces during the precipitation process; second, the amount of water remaining on the leaves and branches when the precipitation ends, which is ultimately also consumed by evaporation. After interception, it prevents raindrops from splashing on the surface soil and avoids the fragmentation of soil particles. On the other hand, it greatly reduces the amount of rainfall reaching the ground, thereby reducing the surface runoff and also reducing the amount of soil erosion. The lower the forest canopy, the greater the canopy density, and the denser the understory vegetation, the stronger this effect. At the same time, the forest canopy can reduce the long-wave solar radiation, lower the wind speed and air temperature, and reduce the saturated water vapor pressure difference in the forest land, thereby reducing the amount of soil moisture evaporation.

[0034] It should be noted that the process of water changing from a liquid or solid state to a gaseous state and escaping into the atmosphere is called evaporation. Evaporation is the amount of water that evaporates and disperses into the air within a certain period, usually expressed in millimeters of the thickness of the evaporated water layer. The evaporation of water from the water surface or soil is measured using different evaporators. Generally, the higher the temperature, the lower the humidity, the greater the wind speed, and the lower the air pressure, the greater the evaporation; conversely, the evaporation is smaller. The measurement of soil evaporation and water surface evaporation is very important in agricultural production and hydrological work. In areas with scarce rainfall, limited underground water sources, and small inflow runoff, if the evaporation is large, drought is likely to occur.

[0035] It is understandable that through regional information and rainfall information, the vegetation interception and evaporation can be accurately calculated, thereby ensuring the accuracy of real-time flow monitoring.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which shows a schematic diagram of the specific implementation process of another embodiment of the above step S2000. As Figure 2 shown, step S2000 at least includes the following steps:

[0037] Step S2100: Determine the vegetation area ratio and the wetting ratio according to the regional information.

[0038] It is understandable that the vegetation area ratio Veg refers to the ratio of the vegetated area in a certain region to the total area of that region, usually expressed as a percentage. It reflects the degree and density of vegetation cover in that region. The vegetation area ratio is one of the important indicators for measuring the ecological environment quality and is of great significance for ecological protection and sustainable development. Through regional information, the vegetation area ratio of the current region can be determined to accurately calculate the vegetation interception.

[0039] It should be noted that the wetting ratio is the ratio of the wet leaf area to the vegetation leaf area. Through regional information, the wetting ratio of the current region can be determined to accurately calculate the vegetation interception.

[0040] Step S2200: Determine the vegetation interception amount according to the vegetation area ratio, the wetting ratio, and the rainfall information.

[0041] It can be understood that the vegetation interception amount W is obtained according to the vegetation area ratio, the wetting ratio, and the rainfall information. r The calculation formula is as follows:

[0042]

[0043] Wherein, P is the rainfall information, and R r is the vegetation outflow water volume, and E i The calculation formula is as follows:

[0044] E i = VegδE p

[0045] Wherein, δ is the wetting ratio, and E p is the potential evaporation amount. Specifically, the calculation formula of δ is as follows:

[0046] δ = (W r / W rmax ) 2 / 3

[0047] Wherein, W rmax is the maximum vegetation interception water volume, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0048] W rmax = 0.2V eg *LAI

[0049] It should be noted that the leaf area index LAI refers to the multiple of the total area of plant leaves per unit land area to the land area, and is one of the most basic biophysical parameters characterizing the vegetation canopy structure. The leaf area index is related to the density of vegetation, the structure (single layer or multi-layer), the biological characteristics of trees (branching angle, leaf attachment angle, shade tolerance, etc.), and environmental conditions (light, water, soil nutrient status), and is a comprehensive index indicating the vegetation's utilization of light energy and canopy structure.

[0050] It should be noted that in the above formula, R r is the vegetation outflow water volume, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Step S2300: Determine the evaporation amount according to the regional information and the rainfall information P.

[0053] It is understandable that in some areas, evaporation occurs in a three-layer region. Therefore, the current region needs to be vertically divided into three layers: the upper layer, the lower layer, and the deep layer. The evaporation amounts of each layer are calculated according to the water content of each layer, and finally, the evaporation amount of the current region is determined by synthesizing the evaporation amounts of each layer.

[0054] Specifically, the water storage capacity WM of the current region is the sum of the water storage capacities of the upper layer, the lower layer, and the deep layer, and the water storage amount W is the sum of the water storage amounts of the upper layer, the lower layer, and the deep layer, as shown in the following formulas:

[0055] WM = WUM + WLM + WDM

[0056] W = WU + WL + WD

[0057] Among them, WUM is the water storage capacity of the upper layer of soil, WLM is the water storage capacity of the upper layer of soil, WDM is the water storage capacity of the deep layer of soil; WU is the water storage amount of the upper layer of soil, WL is the water storage amount of the upper layer of soil, and WD is the water storage amount of the deep layer of soil.

[0058] Consistent with the calculation process of the water storage capacity WM and the water storage amount W, the evaporation amount E is specifically shown in the following formula:

[0059] E = EU + EL + ED

[0060] Among them, EU is the evaporation amount of the upper layer of soil, EL is the evaporation amount of the lower layer of soil, and ED is the evaporation amount of the deep layer of soil.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which shows a schematic diagram of the specific implementation process of another embodiment of the above step S2300. As Figure 3 shown, step S2300 at least includes the following steps:

[0062] Step S2310: Determine the water storage amount of the upper layer, the water storage amount of the lower layer, and the basin evaporation value of the current region according to the regional information.

[0063] It is understandable that according to the regional information obtained in the above steps, the water storage amount of the upper layer, the water storage amount of the lower layer, and the basin evaporation value of the current region are determined. Specifically, when the water storage amount WU of the upper layer and the water storage amount WL of the lower layer are in different size ranges, the sizes of the evaporation amount EU of the upper layer of soil, the evaporation amount EL of the lower layer of soil, and the evaporation amount ED of the deep layer of soil are calculated as follows:

[0064] When WU + P ≥ EM, the following results are obtained:

[0065] EU = EM

[0066] EL = 0

[0067] ED = 0

[0068] When WU + P < EM and WL ≥ C × WLM, the following results are obtained:

[0069] EU = WU + P

[0070]

[0071] ED = 0

[0072] When WU + P < EM and C × (EP - EU) ≤ WL < C × WLM, the following results are obtained:

[0073] WU = WU + P

[0074] EL = C × (EP - EU)

[0075] ED = 0

[0076] When WU + P < EM and WL < C × (EP - EU), the following results are obtained:

[0077] EU = WU + P

[0078] EL = WL

[0079] ED = C × (EP - EU) - EL

[0080] Step S2320: Obtain the evaporation amount according to the upper-layer water storage, lower-layer water storage, basin evaporation value, and rainfall information.

[0081] It can be understood that according to the above formulas, when the upper-layer soil water storage WU and the lower-layer soil water storage WL are in different value ranges, the magnitudes of the corresponding upper-layer soil evaporation amount EU, lower-layer soil evaporation amount EL, and deep-layer soil evaporation amount ED are obtained, and then the evaporation amount E of the current area is obtained.

[0082] Step S3000: Obtain the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception amount, evaporation amount, and runoff information.

[0083] It is understandable that runoff refers to the water flow that moves along the surface or underground under the action of gravity during rainfall, snowmelt, or when irrigating fields. Runoff has different types. According to the water source, it can be divided into rainfall runoff, meltwater runoff, and irrigation runoff; according to the flow mode, it can be divided into surface runoff and subsurface runoff, and surface runoff can be further divided into overland flow and channel flow. In addition, confluence refers to the concentration process of the generated water volume within a certain range. The confluence phenomenon is determined by the laws of hydraulics. Surface runoff is determined by the laws of hydraulics of river channels and slopes, and there are relatively mature calculation methods, such as flood routing; subsurface runoff and interflow are determined by the laws of seepage mechanics and are also relatively mature, such as groundwater hydraulics. However, for an entire watershed, due to the very complex various boundary conditions and the difficulty of comprehensive consideration, there is still a lack of a physically based confluence theory. The commonly used methods are mainly of two categories: one is to simplify and generalize the confluence phenomenon of the watershed and calculate it using physical methods, with the isochrone being representative; the other is to solve problems using system analysis, which belongs to the statistical method, with the unit hydrograph being representative.

[0084] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the specific implementation process of another embodiment of the above step S3000. As Figure 3 shown, step S3000 at least includes the following steps:

[0085] Step S3100: Determine the pseudo-damping coefficient of the linear reservoir model according to the rainfall information and the infiltration coefficient of the current area.

[0086] It is understandable that the infiltration coefficient refers to the ratio of the precipitation infiltration recharge amount to the rainfall information P. The water that falls on the surface of the earth, part of it evaporates back into the atmosphere or is intercepted by plants and fills depressions, part of it generates surface runoff, and the rest infiltrates underground. The infiltrated water first replenishes the moisture in the vadose zone and generates surface flow, and the excess part reaches the water table to replenish groundwater. The variation range of the precipitation infiltration recharge coefficient is between 0 and 1. Since the precipitation infiltration recharge amount depends on the total rainfall, number of rainy days, rainfall intensity, lithology of the vadose zone, water content in the zone before precipitation, groundwater depth, underlying surface, and climate factors during a certain period, the infiltration coefficient varies with time and space. Different regions have different infiltration coefficients, and even in the same region, the infiltration coefficients in different periods are not the same. Therefore, the corresponding precipitation infiltration recharge coefficients can be determined according to different calculation periods. For example, determine the precipitation infiltration recharge coefficients for a single precipitation event and for the whole year.

[0087] It should be noted that in practical applications, when the rainfall information is greater than the maximum infiltration coefficient, the overland flow generation mode is used to calculate the runoff generation process of the current area; when the rainfall information is less than the maximum infiltration coefficient, the saturation excess runoff generation mode is used to calculate the runoff generation process of the current area. At the same time, a linear reservoir model is adopted, and considering the influence of the reservoir on the runoff generation information of the current area, the pseudo-damping coefficient KKG of the linear reservoir model is determined.

[0088] Step S3200: Input the vegetation interception, evaporation, and runoff information into a linear reservoir model to obtain the groundwater runoff volume of the current area.

[0089] It can be understood that the calculation formula for obtaining the groundwater runoff volume by inputting the vegetation interception, evaporation, and runoff information into a linear reservoir model is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] Among them, QRG(t) is the groundwater runoff volume in the t-th time period, RG(t) is the groundwater runoff depth in the t-th time period, F is the basin area, and Δt is the statistical time period.

[0092] Step S3300: Obtain the confluence information of the current area based on the groundwater runoff volume.

[0093] It can be understood that after obtaining the groundwater runoff volume, the confluence process at the basin outlet can be calculated, including surface confluence, subsurface flow confluence, and groundwater runoff confluence. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the corresponding surface confluence information, subsurface confluence information, and groundwater confluence information based on the groundwater runoff volume.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 which shows a schematic diagram of the specific implementation process of another embodiment of the above step S3300. As Figure 5 shown, step S3300 at least further includes the following steps:

[0095] Step S3310: Obtain the surface confluence information based on the runoff information and the preset unit hydrograph of a time period.

[0096] It can be understood that the unit hydrograph of a time period refers to the surface runoff hydrograph formed at the basin outlet when a unit net rainfall is uniformly distributed over the basin in a unit time period. Among them, the basic assumptions of the unit hydrograph of a time period include the proportionality assumption and the superposition assumption. Specifically, the proportionality assumption means that in the same basin, if the net rainfall durations of two times are equal and the corresponding flows are proportional, the ratio is equal to the ratio of the corresponding net rainfall depths. The superposition assumption means that if the net rainfall duration is not a single time period but multiple time periods, the runoff processes formed by the net rainfall in each time period at the basin outlet do not interfere with each other, and the flow process at the outlet section is equal to the superposition of the flow processes formed by the net rainfall in each time period.

[0097] The main difference between the unit hydrograph of a time interval and the instantaneous unit hydrograph is that the former is the hydrograph within a unit time interval, represented by an empirical curve, while the latter is the hydrograph within an instantaneous or infinitesimal time interval, represented by a mathematical formula. The mathematical formula is derived by generalizing the regulation effect of the basin as the regulation of the inflow by several linear reservoirs connected in series with the same characteristics. Therefore, based on the runoff information and the preset unit hydrograph of a time interval, the calculation process for obtaining the surface runoff concentration information QRS is shown in the following formula:

[0098] QRS = RS × UH

[0099] Where RS is the runoff information and UH is the unit hydrograph of a time interval.

[0100] Step S3320: Input the regional information into the linear reservoir model to obtain the subsurface runoff concentration information.

[0101] It can be understood that similar to the calculation formula for the groundwater runoff in the above step S3200, when the regional information is input into the linear reservoir model, the calculation formula for obtaining the subsurface runoff concentration information is shown as follows:

[0102]

[0103] Where QKSS1 and QKSS2 are the groundwater runoff at the beginning and end of the time interval Δt, KKSS is the daily recession coefficient of the subsurface flow, and D is the number of time intervals within a day.

[0104] Step S3330: Input the groundwater runoff into the linear reservoir model to obtain the groundwater runoff concentration information.

[0105] It can be understood that similar to the calculation formula for the groundwater runoff in the above step S3200, when the regional information is input into the linear reservoir model, the calculation formula for obtaining the groundwater runoff concentration information is shown as follows:

[0106]

[0107] Where QRG1 and QRG2 are the groundwater runoff at the beginning and end of the time interval Δt, and KKG is the daily recession coefficient of the groundwater runoff.

[0108] Step S3340: Aggregate the surface runoff concentration information, subsurface runoff concentration information, and groundwater runoff concentration information to obtain the runoff concentration information of the current region.

[0109] It can be understood that the surface runoff concentration information, subsurface runoff concentration information, and groundwater runoff concentration information obtained from the above steps S3310 to S3330 are aggregated and added to obtain the runoff concentration information of the current region.

[0110] Step S4000: Calibrate the runoff concentration information of the current region to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current region.

[0111] It is understandable that model parameter calibration refers to minimizing the error between the simulated output value of the model and the actual observed value by adjusting the model parameters. This process involves parameter debugging, parameter estimation, or parameter optimization to ensure that the prediction results of the model are more accurate and reliable. In practical applications, according to runoff information, rainfall information, and the corresponding measured historical runoff process at the outlet, the DREAM optimization algorithm is adopted. Considering the instability in the calculation of hydrological monitoring information during the monitoring process of the above steps S1000 to S3000, it is necessary to calibrate the infiltration coefficient and the curve index of the unit hydrograph. Among them, the DREAM optimization algorithm is an efficient algorithm for data set compression, aiming to accelerate the data set distillation process through representative matching. This algorithm can significantly improve the efficiency of data set compression, accelerating the lossless compression of existing mainstream data set compression algorithms by at least eight times, thus providing a basis for large-scale data set compression.

[0112] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which shows a schematic diagram of the specific implementation process of another embodiment of the above step S4000. As Figure 6 shown, step S4000 at least further includes the following steps:

[0113] Step S4100, according to the hydrological data, correct the infiltration coefficient and the curve index of the unit hydrograph to obtain the corrected infiltration coefficient and unit hydrograph.

[0114] It is understandable that from the above steps, the infiltration coefficient and the curve index of the unit hydrograph have a profound impact on the calculation process of the confluence information in the current area. In order to minimize the error between the simulated output value of the model and the actual observed value, it is necessary to perform a correction operation on the infiltration coefficient and the curve index of the unit hydrograph.

[0115] Step S4200, according to the corrected infiltration coefficient and unit hydrograph, update the confluence information to obtain hydrological monitoring information.

[0116] It is understandable that after obtaining the corrected infiltration coefficient and unit hydrograph, it is necessary to update the confluence information according to the calculation process of the above steps to obtain hydrological monitoring information.

[0117] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 which shows a schematic diagram of the specific implementation process of another embodiment of the above step S4200. As Figure 7 shown, step S4200 at least further includes the following steps:

[0118] Step S4210, input the infiltration coefficient and the curve index into a preset prior probability distribution density function to obtain a parameter combination.

[0119] It is understandable that after obtaining the confluence information of the current area, according to the prior probability distribution density function of each parameter, N groups of initial parameter combinations X are sampled and generated. X includes the infiltration coefficient and the curve index of the unit hydrograph for each time period. Each group of parameter combinations is the starting point of its respective chain. Here, N = d, where d is the number of parameters to be considered.

[0120] First, calculate the conditional probability of each parameter point in the calculation

[0121] Next, generate candidate parameter points Z for the i-th (i = 1, …, N) chain i , as shown in the following formula:

[0122]

[0123] Among them, δ represents the number of groups of parameter combinations used to generate candidate points; r(j), r(n) ∈ {1, …, N}, r(j) ≠ r(n) ≠ 1; the value of γ depends on δ. Here, where d eff = d.

[0124] Step S4220: Calculate the conditional probability values of each parameter point in the parameter combination, and accept the candidate parameter points according to the conditional probability values to obtain the updated parameter combination.

[0125] It is understandable that is replaced by

[0126]

[0127] where U is a random number between 0 and 1, and CR represents the crossover probability.

[0128] Next, calculate Accept the candidate parameter point Z with the following probability i :

[0129]

[0130] During the calculation process, if the candidate parameter point is accepted, the chain moves forward one step, and X i = Z i ; otherwise, the chain remains in its original position X i , and return to the above step S4210 to continue looping N times.

[0131] Step S4230: Update the infiltration coefficient and the curve index according to the updated parameter combination.

[0132] It is understandable that after updating the parameter combination, the infiltration coefficient and the curve index are updated, and the confluence information is updated according to the calculation process of the above steps S1000 to S3000 to obtain the hydrological monitoring information.

[0133] See Figure 8 , Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a real-time flow monitoring device 500 for a hydrological system provided by an embodiment of the present application. The following modules in the real-time flow monitoring device of the hydrological system are involved in the entire process of the real-time flow monitoring method for the hydrological system provided by the embodiment of the present application: an acquisition module 510, a calculation module 520, a confluence module 530, and a calibration module 540.

[0134] Among them, the acquisition module 510 is used to acquire hydrological data of the current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information, and rainfall information;

[0135] The calculation module 520 is used to obtain the vegetation interception amount and evaporation amount of the current area according to the area information and rainfall information;

[0136] The confluence module 530 is used to obtain the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception amount, evaporation amount, and runoff information;

[0137] The calibration module 540 is used to perform calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area.

[0138] It should be noted that for the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the modules of the above device, since they are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of the present application, their specific functions and the technical effects brought are specifically described in the method embodiment part, and will not be elaborated here.

[0139] Figure 9 FIG. shows an electronic device 600 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 600 includes but is not limited to:

[0140] A memory 601 for storing programs;

[0141] A processor 602 for executing the programs stored in the memory 601. When the processor 602 executes the programs stored in the memory 601, the processor 602 is used to execute the above real-time flow monitoring method for the hydrological system.

[0142] The processor 602 and the memory 601 can be connected through a bus or other means.

[0143] The memory 601, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs, such as the real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system described in any embodiment of the present application. The processor 602 realizes the above-mentioned real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system by running the non-transitory software programs and instructions stored in the memory 601.

[0144] The memory 601 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area can store an operating system and application programs required for at least one function; the data storage area can store the execution of the above-mentioned real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system. In addition, the memory 601 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage devices. In some embodiments, the memory 601 may optionally include a memory remotely disposed relative to the processor 602, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor 602 through a network. Examples of the above network include but are not limited to the Internet, an enterprise intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0145] The non-transitory software programs and instructions required to implement the above-mentioned real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system are stored in the memory 601. When executed by one or more processors 602, the real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system provided in any embodiment of the present application is executed.

[0146] The embodiment of the present application also provides a storage medium storing computer-executable instructions for executing the above-mentioned real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system.

[0147] In one embodiment, the storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that are executed by one or more control processors 602. For example, when executed by a processor 602 in the above-mentioned electronic device 600, the one or more processors 602 can be caused to execute the real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system provided in any embodiment of the present application.

[0148] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0149] Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that all or some of the steps and systems disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and their appropriate combinations. Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or can be implemented as hardware, or can be implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which can include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or transitory medium). As is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, tapes, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, it is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art that communication media typically includes computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transmission mechanism, and can include any information delivery medium.

Claims

1. A method for real-time monitoring of the flow rate of a hydrological system, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Obtain the hydrological data of the current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information, and rainfall information; Obtain the vegetation interception volume and evaporation volume of the current area according to the area information and the rainfall information; Obtain the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception volume, the evaporation volume, and the runoff information; Perform calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area.

2. The real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining the vegetation interception volume and evaporation volume of the current area according to the area information and the rainfall information includes: Determine the vegetation area ratio and wetting ratio according to the area information; Determine the vegetation interception volume according to the vegetation area ratio, the wetting ratio, and the rainfall information; Determine the evaporation volume according to the area information and the rainfall information.

3. The real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining the evaporation volume according to the area information and the rainfall information includes: Determine the upper-layer water storage volume, lower-layer water storage volume, and basin evaporation value of the current area according to the area information; Obtain the evaporation volume according to the upper-layer water storage volume, the lower-layer water storage volume, the basin evaporation value, and the rainfall information.

4. The real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The obtaining the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception volume, the evaporation volume, and the runoff information includes: Determine the pseudo-damping coefficient of the linear reservoir model according to the rainfall information and the infiltration coefficient of the current area; Input the vegetation interception volume, the evaporation volume, and the runoff information into the linear reservoir model to obtain the groundwater runoff volume of the current area; Obtain the confluence information of the current area according to the groundwater runoff volume.

5. The real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The obtaining the confluence information of the current area according to the groundwater runoff volume includes: Obtain the overland flow confluence information according to the runoff information and the preset unit hydrograph of a time interval; Input the area information into the linear reservoir model to obtain the subsurface flow confluence information; Input the groundwater runoff volume into the linear reservoir model to obtain the groundwater flow confluence information; Summarize the overland flow confluence information, the subsurface flow confluence information, and the groundwater flow confluence information to obtain the confluence information of the current area.

6. The real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to claim 5, characterized in that The performing calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area includes: Calibrate the infiltration coefficient and the curve index of the unit hydrograph of a time interval according to the hydrological data to obtain the calibrated infiltration coefficient and the unit hydrograph of a time interval; Update the confluence information according to the calibrated infiltration coefficient and the unit hydrograph of a time interval to obtain the hydrological monitoring information.

7. The real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The calibrating the infiltration coefficient and the curve index of the unit hydrograph of a time interval according to the hydrological data includes: Input the infiltration coefficient and the curve index into the preset prior probability distribution density function to obtain a parameter combination; Calculate the conditional probability values of each parameter point in the parameter combination, and accept the candidate parameter points according to the conditional probability values to obtain the updated parameter combination; Update the infiltration coefficient and the curve index according to the updated parameter combination.

8. The real-time flow monitoring device for a hydrological system is characterized in that, Including: An obtaining module, configured to obtain the hydrological data of the current area, where the hydrological data includes area information, runoff information, and rainfall information; A calculation module, configured to obtain the vegetation interception volume and evaporation volume of the current area according to the area information and the rainfall information; A confluence module, configured to obtain the confluence information of the current area according to the vegetation interception volume, the evaporation volume and the runoff information; A calibration module, configured to perform calibration processing on the confluence information of the current area to obtain the hydrological monitoring information of the current area.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the real-time flow monitoring method of the hydrological system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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