Water supplement device determination method and system for ecological restoration of rock slope and storage medium

Abstract

The application provides a water supplement device determination method, system and storage medium for ecological restoration of a rock slope, wherein the determination method comprises the following steps: determining a crack probability density function of different positions of a to-be-restored slope; calculating a water diffusion coefficient in the crack; calculating a diffusion flux per unit area per unit time in the rock mass, determining a length of a first section of a pipe body of an anchor rod corresponding to each water supplement point punched into the to-be-restored slope; determining a number of anchor rods punched into the to-be-restored slope along a slope direction based on a crack length function; determining an upper limit threshold of an anchor rod inner diameter based on a total water discharge amount of the anchor rod corresponding to each water supplement point and a water discharge flow rate of a water-permeable hole; and respectively calculating a rock mass layer stability coefficient and a soil layer stability coefficient for the rock mass layer and the soil layer, and determining a lower limit threshold of the anchor rod inner diameter based on the fact that the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient are respectively less than 1. The determination method provided by the application can be used to more reasonably plan the anchor rod specifications in the early stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope restoration device technology, and in particular to a method, system and storage medium for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes. Background Technology

[0002] As my country's infrastructure construction continues to expand, the large number of exposed, steep rock slopes has triggered a series of ecological problems. In particular, vegetation on rock slopes in arid and semi-arid regions often exhibits short lifespans and low coverage. Traditional slope restoration methods cannot meet people's environmental requirements, while ecological restoration, as an economical and environmentally friendly new restoration approach, is gaining widespread acceptance.

[0003] Ecological restoration is a comprehensive restoration method guided by ecological principles, based on biological restoration, and combined with various physical restoration, chemical restoration, and engineering techniques. Through optimized combination, it attempts to achieve the best results and the lowest cost.

[0004] Among them, anchor bolts are a commonly used water replenishment device in ecological restoration. Anchor bolts are generally hollow tubes with an open top. In use, most of the anchor bolt is inserted into the rock and soil of a rock slope. The portion of the anchor bolt driven into the rock and soil has evenly spaced permeable holes. Water is injected into the anchor bolt through these openings, replenishing the rock and soil with water to meet the needs of vegetation growth.

[0005] In the process of realizing this invention, the inventors discovered at least the following problems in the prior art:

[0006] To conserve water resources and address the supply-demand imbalance of water resources for ecological restoration in arid and semi-arid regions, precision water replenishment technology is generally employed. Currently, research on precision water replenishment for rock slopes with varying conditions largely focuses on estimating the water requirements of vegetation on rock slopes through complex calculations, then relying on controllers and intelligent water networks for precise water supply to improve the intelligence level of slope ecological restoration. Little attention is paid to anchor bolts, yet anchor bolt specifications are a crucial factor affecting precision water replenishment, including anchor bolt density along the slope, anchor bolt length, and anchor bolt inner diameter. Currently, when performing precision water replenishment on different slopes, the matching of anchor bolt specifications is rarely considered in the early stages. Prefabricated, uniformly sized anchor bolts are often used, or the specifications are generally determined based on the engineering experience of technicians. This often results in the use of excessive or overly long anchor bolts, leading to material waste and economic inefficiency. Furthermore, the unreasonable setting of the inner diameter of uniformly prefabricated anchor bolts significantly hinders precision water replenishment and increases the design difficulty and water supply burden of later controllers and intelligent water networks.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for a method, system, and storage medium for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes, in order to at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system and storage medium for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes, so as to at least solve one of the problems in the prior art.

[0009] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes, wherein the water replenishment device is an anchor rod, the anchor rod is a hollow tube with a closed bottom and an open top, the anchor rod includes a first section of tube for driving into the rock and soil mass of the slope to be restored and an exposed second section of tube, the first section of tube having permeable holes for water replenishment evenly spaced from the bottom to the top along the axial direction, and the determination method includes:

[0010] Based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structure surface group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different locations of the slope to be repaired are determined.

[0011] Based on the statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant orientation, average radius, density and fracture width of each rock mass structural surface group output by the fracture network model, the water diffusion coefficient in the fracture is calculated.

[0012] Based on Fick's law and the water diffusion coefficient, the diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass is calculated, and based on the diffusion flux, the length of the first section of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired is determined.

[0013] The probability density function of cracks at different locations of the slope to be repaired is converted into the corresponding crack length function, and the number of anchor bolts driven into the slope along the slope direction is determined based on the crack length function.

[0014] Calculate the total water discharge of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes. Based on the fact that the total water discharge of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment of each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient, determine the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod.

[0015] Based on slope stability considerations, the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are calculated separately. Since the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are both less than 1, the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a water replenishment device determination system for ecological restoration of rock slopes, the determination system comprising:

[0017] Memory is used to store executable instructions for a computer;

[0018] A method for determining the implementation of the above-mentioned technical solution when a processor executes computer-executable instructions stored in the memory.

[0019] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the determination method of the above-described technical solution.

[0020] According to the determination method of this invention, based on the actual rock mass structure characteristics, rock mass layer stability and soil layer stability state of the slope to be repaired, the length of the anchor bolts, the number of anchor bolts arranged on the slope direction and the inner diameter of the anchor bolts are roughly determined. The anchor bolt specifications are planned more reasonably in the early stage to help to better carry out precise water replenishment of the slope.

[0021] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will also become apparent in part to those skilled in the art upon studying the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures specifically pointed out in the description and drawings.

[0022] Those skilled in the art will understand that the objectives and advantages achievable with the present invention are not limited to those specifically described above, and that the above and other objectives achievable with the present invention will become clearer from the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale but are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. For ease of illustration and description of certain parts of the invention, corresponding portions in the drawings may be enlarged, i.e., may appear larger relative to other components in an exemplary device actually manufactured according to the invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor rod in the determination method according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the anchor bolt and the slope in a rectangular coordinate system in a determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a determination system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 200. Anchor bolt;

[0031] 210. The first section of pipe body;

[0032] 220. The second section of pipe body;

[0033] 230. Pad;

[0034] 240. Water-permeable holes. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are used to explain the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the solution according to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the invention are omitted.

[0037] It should be emphasized that the term "including / comprises" as used herein refers to the presence of a feature, element, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, steps, or components.

[0038] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the term "connection" in this article can refer not only to a direct connection, but also to an indirect connection involving an intermediary.

[0039] In the following description, embodiments of the invention will be illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar parts, or the same or similar steps.

[0040] First, refer to Figure 1 This application describes a method 100 for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes, according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the determination method 100 may include steps S110 to S160, as detailed below:

[0041] In step S110, based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structure surface group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different locations of the slope to be repaired are determined.

[0042] In step S120, based on the statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant occurrence, average radius, density and gap width of each rock mass structural surface group output by the fracture network model, the water diffusion coefficient in the fracture is calculated.

[0043] In step S130, based on Fick's law and the water diffusion coefficient, the diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass is calculated, and based on the diffusion flux, the length of the first section of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired is determined.

[0044] In step S140, the probability density function of cracks at different locations of the slope to be repaired is converted into the corresponding crack length function, and the number of anchor bolts driven into the slope along the slope direction is determined based on the crack length function.

[0045] In step S150, based on slope stability considerations, the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are calculated separately. Since the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are both less than 1, the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined.

[0046] In step S160, the total water discharge of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes are calculated. Based on the fact that the total water discharge of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment volume of each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient, the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined.

[0047] Among them, reference Figure 2 The anchor rod 200 in the determination method of this application is a hollow tube structure with a closed bottom and an open top, and an equal inner diameter. The anchor rod 200 includes a first tube section 210 for driving into the soil and rock mass of the slope to be repaired and an exposed second tube section 220. The first tube section and the second tube section are integral structures, and different names are used for easy description. A vertical pad 230 is provided at the connection between the first tube section and the second tube section. After the anchor rod is driven into each water replenishment point as needed, the pad is attached to the slope surface. The first tube section 210 has water-permeable holes 240 evenly spaced from the bottom to the top along the axial direction for water replenishment. Generally, for ease of drilling, the diameter of all water-permeable holes is set to be the same. The distance between the water-permeable hole at the bottom of the first tube section and the bottom of the first tube section can be selected as needed, for example, 2cm, 3cm, etc.

[0048] In the embodiments of this application, firstly, based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structural characteristics of each rock mass structural surface group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the fracture probability density function at different locations of the slope to be repaired is determined. The fracture probability density function at different locations of the slope to be repaired is then converted into the corresponding fracture length function. Based on the fracture length function, the number of anchor bolts driven into the slope along the slope direction can be determined. Then, based on the statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant attitude, average radius, density, and fracture width of each rock mass structural surface group output by the fracture network model, the water diffusion coefficient in the fracture is calculated. Based on Fick's law and the water diffusion coefficient, the diffusion rate through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass is calculated. Based on the diffusion flux, the length of the first section of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point in the soil and rock mass of the slope to be repaired can be determined, and the overall length of the anchor rod can be determined. Then, considering the slope stability, the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are calculated separately. Since the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are both less than 1, the lower limit threshold of the anchor rod inner diameter is determined. Finally, the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable hole are calculated. Since the total water output of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment volume of each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable hole is greater than the soil permeability coefficient, the upper limit threshold of the anchor rod inner diameter is determined.

[0049] As can be seen from the above description, according to the determination method 100 of this application embodiment, the length of the anchor bolts, the number of anchor bolts arranged in the slope direction, and the inner diameter of the anchor bolts can be roughly determined based on the actual rock mass structure characteristics, rock mass layer stability, and soil layer stability state of the slope to be repaired. This enables the early matching of anchor bolt specifications with slopes in different conditions, thereby helping to better carry out precise water replenishment of the slope.

[0050] Among them, Figure 1 Steps S110 to S160 are shown to be performed sequentially, but this is only an example. It is understood that the order of steps S150 and S160 is not restricted.

[0051] The following will describe in detail the contents of the above steps of the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of this application.

[0052] In the embodiments of this application, in step S110, based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structure surface group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different locations of the slope to be repaired are determined.

[0053] Specifically, a dynamic clustering method was employed to group the measured structural surfaces based on a fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, resulting in various rock mass structural surface groups. A rose diagram was plotted for the dip direction of the structural surfaces, and the attitude data were projected onto a stereographic projection network. An extreme point projection diagram was used to reflect the dominant concentration of the structural surface attitude, and the attitude of each extremely dense center was used to characterize the dominant attitude of each group of structural surfaces. The distribution of the dip angle of the attitude data exhibited approximate symmetry, and the fracture probability density function at different locations on the slope was given and fitted to a normal distribution density function f(s).

[0054]

[0055] Where s is the horizontal position coordinate of the crack in the rectangular coordinate system, and μ is the mean value of s; σ 2 Let be the variance of s.

[0056] in,

[0057]

[0058] n is the total number of cracks, s i The coordinates are the horizontal coordinates corresponding to the crack with serial number i.

[0059] Of course, before proceeding to step S110, it may also include constructing a fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired. Constructing the fracture network model can employ existing techniques, for example, the following steps:

[0060] Using UAV technology, infrared thermal imaging technology, and laser scanning technology, non-destructive and non-contact detection is carried out on the slope to be repaired to identify the distribution of cracks in the shallow surface layer of the rock slope, including the basic parameters of structural plane attitude, morphology, size, spacing and opening, and to determine its basic distribution function.

[0061] The UAV aerial survey system can include an aircraft, camera, gimbal, and communication equipment. Following pre-defined flight parameters, the system sequentially identifies the structural surfaces of the rock mass to be repaired and acquires their geometric parameters, such as attitude, trace length, spacing, and opening. A certain number of checkpoints are also collected in sparsely vegetated areas to verify the accuracy of the 3D laser and UAV point cloud data, ensuring that the final results meet the required standards.

[0062] The obtained point cloud data is converted into three-dimensional spatial coordinates, the point cloud data is triangulated into a mesh, noise filtering is used to remove redundant data, the same set of structural surfaces are clustered and analyzed, the structural surfaces are fitted, and a fracture network model is constructed.

[0063] The anchor bolts in this application serve to replenish water into fissures within the rock mass, storing water through these fissures and directly supplying water to the soil. This water storage and supply method provides moisture for vegetation growth. Specifically, when water is replenished into the fissures at various water replenishment points on the rock slope via anchor bolts, if the first section of the anchor bolt exceeds a certain length, the water replenished into the fissures cannot permeate to the slope surface. If the anchor bolt is too short, the water storage capacity of the fissures will be very small. Therefore, by calculating the maximum horizontal penetration depth of the fissures, the optimal length of the first section of the anchor bolt is determined.

[0064] In order to determine the optimal length of the first section of the anchor rod, steps S120 and S130 may be included.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, in step S120, the water diffusion coefficient in the fracture is calculated based on the dominant occurrence, average radius, density and fracture width of each rock mass structural surface group output by statistical rock mechanics theory and fracture network model.

[0066] Specifically, based on the fracture network model constructed corresponding to the slope to be repaired, the dominant occurrence, average radius, density and fracture width (fracture width) of each rock mass structural surface group can be obtained through the fracture network model. The water diffusion coefficient D in the fracture is calculated using the following formula.

[0067]

[0068] Where d0 is the fracture spacing. a is the effect of fracture geometry on water diffusion, ranging from 1.4 to 1.8. ρ is the fracture density. r is the average fracture radius. b is the fracture width in the rock mass at the anchor installation location. D0 is the diffusion coefficient in homogeneous rock, determined experimentally beforehand. S is the average fracture spacing.

[0069] In an embodiment of this application, step S130 calculates the diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass based on Fick's law and the aforementioned water diffusion coefficient. Based on this diffusion flux, the length of the first section of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point in the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired is determined.

[0070] Specifically, by using water seepage through fissures to provide the vegetation with the necessary water over a long period of time, the diffusion flux J through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass is first calculated using Fick's law and the water diffusion coefficient D.

[0071]

[0072] in, This represents the water vapor concentration gradient.

[0073] When the anchor bolt exceeds a certain length, the water supplied to the fissures at each water replenishment point cannot penetrate to the slope surface. Therefore, by calculating the maximum horizontal penetration depth of the fissures, the optimal length L1 of the first section of the anchor bolt is determined.

[0074]

[0075] ψ represents the porosity of rock fractures. λb represents the additional porosity contributed by the fractures. l is the water head height at the fissure. g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0076] After determining the length L1 of the first section of the anchor rod, the length L2 of the exposed second section of the anchor rod is generally 10-30 cm, depending on actual needs, and the final length of the anchor rod can be determined.

[0077] Following the previous text, this application describes a method of replenishing water to the interior of a rock slope using anchor bolts. However, this method may result in some locations having too many or too few anchor bolts, negatively impacting vegetation growth. Therefore, the number of anchor bolts needs to be precisely designed to provide the water required for vegetation growth and to maximize the coverage area of ​​each bolt. This application uses only one location along the slope as an example for illustration.

[0078] In an embodiment of this application, in step S140, the probability density function of cracks at different locations of the slope to be repaired is converted into the corresponding crack length function, and the number of anchor bolts driven into the slope along the slope direction is determined based on the crack length function.

[0079] Specifically, in order to obtain the water supply range of fractures at different locations, a fracture length function L is defined. h (x) and the crack probability density function f h (x) is directly proportional. That is, the higher the probability density, the longer the crack length.

[0080]

[0081] Among them, f h (x) represents the crack probability density function at a vertical height h and a horizontal coordinate x on the slope.

[0082]

[0083] refer to Figure 3 Establish a rectangular coordinate system for the slope, with the slope base as the origin. The vertical height *h* and horizontal position coordinate *x* can be referenced to the centroid of the fracture. *k* is a correlation coefficient describing the fracture length, and is a constant. *β* is the dip angle of the rock fracture.

[0084] To ensure that the water replenishment area covers the entire slope, the number N of anchor bolts driven along the slope direction is determined based on the following formula. o

[0085]

[0086] Among them, L hj (x) represents the crack length function corresponding to the j-th anchor installed sequentially along the slope, and H is the height of the slope to be repaired.

[0087] Understandably, all other things being equal, the inner diameter of the anchor bolt has a significant impact on water replenishment. Therefore, setting the inner diameter of the anchor bolt appropriately to match different rock slope conditions is a necessary consideration for achieving precise water replenishment.

[0088] Therefore, in order to determine a reasonable range of values ​​for the inner diameter of the anchor bolt, steps S150 and S160 may be included.

[0089] In the embodiments of this application, in step S150, the stability coefficient of the rock mass layer and the stability coefficient of the soil layer are calculated based on the slope stability considerations. Based on the fact that the stability coefficient of the rock mass layer and the stability coefficient of the soil layer are both less than 1, the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined.

[0090] Specifically, the anchor bolt permeability should not cause slope failure. Slope stability should be assessed separately for the rock and soil layers, using the rock layer stability coefficient F. s1 With soil layer stability coefficient F s2 If all values ​​are less than 1, determine the lower limit threshold for the inner diameter of the anchor bolt.

[0091] 1) Stability of rock mass layers

[0092] A stress analysis of the rock mass is performed, assuming the rock mass structural planes are planar and the rock mass is a rigid body. Rock mass instability is defined as shear slippage or detachment along the structural planes under various loads. This method does not consider deformation, cracking, or inherent strength failure of the rock mass and structural planes. The forces acting on the rock mass mainly consist of the rock mass's own weight and seepage forces at the fracture surfaces, acting as sliding forces. The shear strength of the interface between the rock mass and the slope is considered the anti-sliding force. The ratio of sliding force to anti-sliding force is used to determine the stability of the rock mass layers of the rock slope under anchor permeability.

[0093] Among them, the rock mass stability coefficient F s1

[0094]

[0095] P1=q·v·w·A1

[0096] Where G1 is the self-weight of the rock mass. P1 is the seepage force on the fracture surface. q is the permeability coefficient of water in homogeneous rock mass. w is the hydraulic gradient. A1 is the surface area of ​​the medium subjected to seepage force. c and φ are the cohesion and internal friction angle of the rock mass, respectively. σ' is the vertical stress of the rock mass.

[0097] The lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of an anchor rod can be determined by the above inequality (1).

[0098] 2) Soil layer stability

[0099] First, the seepage force P2 in the soil is calculated.

[0100] P2=γ ω *A2*z

[0101] Where, γ w denoted as ...

[0102] Then, the soil weight G2 under soil infiltration is calculated.

[0103]

[0104] Δθ1=m*(Q s1 -Q i1 )

[0105] Where θ is the water content of the soil. Δθ1 is the difference in soil saturation. Q s1 Q represents the saturated water content of the soil. i1 ρ represents the initial volumetric water content. m represents the porosity.

[0106] Next, based on the seepage force P2 in the soil and the soil density G2 under infiltration, the soil layer stability coefficient F is established. s2 .

[0107]

[0108] Among them, c n φ n These represent the cohesion and internal friction angle at the soil-rock interface, respectively. σ n ζ represents the vertical stress in the soil. ζ represents the angle between the anchor rod and the vertical direction.

[0109] The lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of an anchor rod can also be determined by the above inequality (2).

[0110] Finally, the larger of the lower limit thresholds determined by inequality (1) and inequality (2) is taken as the final lower limit threshold.

[0111] In the embodiments of this application, in step S160, the total outflow of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable hole are calculated. Based on the fact that the total outflow of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment of each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable hole is greater than the soil permeability coefficient, the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined.

[0112] Specifically, under the seepage effect in the rock mass, the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined based on the stability of the rock and soil mass and the water requirement for vegetation growth.

[0113] For a single permeable orifice, its flow rate Q r The total water outflow from the anchor bolt can be estimated using the formula for water outflow from the permeable holes. Q t Let be the total flow rate of M permeable orifices. In the case of outflow from the orifices, the flow rate depends on the orifice area, pressure difference, and fluid properties. A flow coefficient C is introduced. d We need to consider the influence of factors such as the shape and roughness of the orifices on the flow rate. Therefore, the flow rate of M permeable orifices can be expressed as...

[0114]

[0115] in addition,

[0116] Q r =A k *v

[0117]

[0118] Among them, Q r A is the water output from a single perforation. v is the water velocity at the perforation. k It is the area of ​​the permeable holes, which is a constant value. k The effective head difference at the permeable hole. d is the inner diameter of the anchor bolt. C d is the flow coefficient of the anchor bolt, which is obtained by an anchor bolt permeability test under certain conditions and is a fixed value.

[0119] Where M is the number of permeable holes on the anchor bolt, which is an integer selected according to actual needs, and is subject to the following expression.

[0120] (M-1)*p<L1 (4)

[0121] Where p is the spacing between the permeable holes, which is a fixed amount.

[0122] After determining the first section L1 of the anchor rod in the above text, for example, by determining M < 12.26 through inequality (4), the number of permeable holes on the anchor rod can be reasonably selected from integers between 1 and 12 as needed, such as 10. Then, the number of permeable holes on the anchor rod will be set to 10 when actually drilling. Then, M = 10 is substituted into formula (3) to calculate the total water output Q of the anchor rod. t .

[0123] The water discharge from the anchor bolt should be greater than the water requirement of the vegetation, and the water flow velocity from the anchor bolt should be greater than the soil permeability coefficient k. s This allows water to fully penetrate the soil through the anchor bolt. Therefore, the upper limit threshold of the anchor bolt's inner diameter can be determined using the following two inequalities:

[0124] Q t >Q b =η*K c *ET0 (5)

[0125]

[0126] Among them, Q b This is the target water replenishment amount at the water replenishment point, which is pre-determined based on actual conditions. η is the effective water replenishment rate at the water replenishment point. ET0 is the potential transpiration of the plants planted at the corresponding water replenishment point. k s Let be the soil permeability coefficient, which is a constant.

[0127] The upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of an anchor rod can be determined by inequality (5), and the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of an anchor rod can also be determined by inequality (6).

[0128] Finally, the smaller of the upper limit thresholds determined by inequalities (5) and (6) is taken as the final upper limit threshold.

[0129] Regarding the target water replenishment volume Q at the water replenishment point b The determination of the effective water replenishment rate η at the water replenishment point and the potential evapotranspiration ET0 of the corresponding plant at the water replenishment point can both be achieved using existing technologies.

[0130] For example, the effective water replenishment rate η and the potential evapotranspiration of the plant ET0 can be respectively

[0131]

[0132] Where k1 and k2 are the principal permeability coefficients of the rock mass. α1 is the angle between the semi-major axis of the permeability ellipse and the line connecting the recharge and the toe of the aquifer. α2 is the angle between the semi-major axis of the permeability ellipse and the line connecting the recharge and the crest of the aquifer. γ is the effective recharge range. Δ is the slope of the saturated vapor pressure curve. R ndenoted as net radiation on the plant surface. G represents soil heat flux. t is the hygrometer constant. T is the daily average air temperature at a height of 2 meters. u² is the wind speed at a height of 2 meters. e s e is the saturated water vapor pressure. a This is the actual water vapor pressure.

[0133] Based on the above description, the determination method according to the embodiments of this application can quickly and accurately determine the length, slope direction arrangement density, and range of the inner diameter of the anchor rod in the early stage, so as to help achieve precise water replenishment of rock slopes.

[0134] refer to Figure 4 A determination system 300 for implementing the determination method according to embodiments of this application includes a processor 310 and a memory 320. The determination system 300 may include one or more processors 310 and one or more memories 320. The memory 320 stores an executable program executed by the processor 310, which, when executed by the processor 310, causes the processor 310 to perform the determination method 100 described above according to embodiments of this application.

[0135] The processor 310 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other processing units with data processing capabilities and / or instruction execution capabilities.

[0136] The memory 320 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 310 may execute the program instructions to implement the client functions (implemented by the processor) in the embodiments of this application described herein, and / or other desired functions. Various applications and various data may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium, such as various data used and / or generated by the applications.

[0137] The system 300 may also include input and output devices, which are interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection mechanisms. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The components and structure of the determination system 300 shown are merely exemplary and not limiting; the determination system 300 may also have other components and structures as needed.

[0138] The input device can be a device used by a user to input commands, and can include one or more of a keyboard, mouse, microphone, and touchscreen. Furthermore, the input device can also be any interface for receiving information.

[0139] The output device can output various information (e.g., images or sounds) to the outside (e.g., a user), and may include one or more of a display, speaker, etc. Furthermore, the output device can also be any other device with output functionality.

[0140] For example, the example determination system 300 for implementing the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of this application can be applied to terminal devices (such as mobile phones), tablet computers, laptop computers, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), handheld computers, netbooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices (such as smartwatches, smart glasses, or smart helmets), augmented reality (AR) devices, virtual reality (VR) devices, smart home devices, in-vehicle computers, and other electronic devices. The embodiments of this application do not impose any limitations on this.

[0141] Those skilled in the art can understand the specific operation of the determination system 300 for implementing the determination method 100 according to the embodiments of this application in conjunction with the content described above. For the sake of brevity, the specific details will not be repeated here, but only some main operations of the processor 310 will be described.

[0142] In one embodiment of this application, when the executable program is run by the processor 310, the processor 310 performs the following steps: based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structural characteristics of each rock mass structural surface group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the probability density function and its parameters of fractures at different locations of the slope to be repaired are determined; based on statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant attitude, average radius, density and fracture width of each rock mass structural surface group output by the fracture network model, the water diffusion coefficient in the fractures is calculated; based on Fick's law and the water diffusion coefficient, the diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass is calculated, and based on the diffusion flux, the water replenishment points of the rock and soil mass injected into the slope to be repaired are determined. The length of the first section of the anchor rod is determined; the probability density function of the cracks at different locations of the slope to be repaired is converted into the corresponding crack length function, and the number of anchor rods driven into the slope along the slope direction is determined based on the crack length function; the total water outflow of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes are calculated, and the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined based on the fact that the total water outflow of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment volume of each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient; based on the slope stability considerations, the rock layer stability coefficient and soil layer stability coefficient are calculated separately for the rock layer and soil layer, and the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined based on the fact that the rock layer stability coefficient and soil layer stability coefficient are both less than 1.

[0143] The above exemplarily illustrates a determination method 100 according to an embodiment of this application. The following, in conjunction with... Figure 5 This application describes a computer device 400 provided in another aspect of an embodiment.

[0144] Reference Figure 5 This describes an example computer device 400 used to implement the determination method of the embodiments of this application. The computer device 400 may include a probability density function determination module 410, a moisture diffusion coefficient calculation module 420, a first segment pipe length determination module 430, a slope anchor number determination module 440, a lower threshold determination module 450, and an upper threshold determination module 460. Wherein:

[0145] The probability density function determination module 410 is used to: determine the probability density function and its parameters of fractures at different locations of the slope to be repaired based on the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structure surface group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, using dynamic clustering method and the fracture network model of the slope to be repaired.

[0146] The moisture diffusion coefficient calculation module 420 is used to calculate the moisture diffusion coefficient in the fracture based on the dominant occurrence, average radius, density and fracture width of each rock mass structural surface group output by the statistical rock mechanics theory and the fracture network model.

[0147] The first segment pipe length determination module 430 is used to: calculate the diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass based on Fick's law and the water diffusion coefficient, and determine the length of the first segment pipe of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired based on the diffusion flux.

[0148] The slope anchor quantity determination module 440 is used to: convert the crack probability density function at different locations of the slope to be repaired into the corresponding crack length function, and determine the number of anchors driven into the slope along the slope direction based on the crack length function.

[0149] The lower limit threshold determination module 450 is used to: calculate the rock mass layer stability coefficient and soil layer stability coefficient respectively for the rock mass layer and the soil layer based on slope stability considerations, and determine the lower limit threshold of the anchor rod inner diameter based on the fact that the rock mass layer stability coefficient and the soil layer stability coefficient are respectively less than 1.

[0150] The upper limit threshold determination module 460 is used to: calculate the total water outflow of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes, and determine the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rods based on the fact that the total water outflow of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment of each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient.

[0151] The computer device 400 proposed in this embodiment of the invention can quickly and accurately determine the length, slope direction, number (density), and range of the inner diameter of the anchor rods in the early stage.

[0152] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this application, this application also provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is run by a processor, it is used to execute corresponding steps of the determination method 100 of this application. The storage medium may, for example, include a memory card of a smartphone, a storage component of a tablet computer, a hard disk of a personal computer, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a USB memory, or any combination of the above storage media. The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more computer-readable storage media.

[0153] Furthermore, according to embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the determination method of embodiments of this application.

[0154] Although exemplary embodiments have been described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the above exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. All such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this application as claimed in the appended claims.

[0155] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0156] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another device, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0157] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0158] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of this application and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. This application can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

[0159] The above description is merely a specific embodiment or illustration of the embodiments of this application. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. The scope of protection of this application shall be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes, wherein the water replenishment device is a hollow anchor rod with a closed bottom and an open top, the anchor rod comprising a first section of pipe for driving into the rock and soil mass of the slope to be restored and an exposed second section of pipe, the first section of pipe having permeable holes for water replenishment evenly spaced from the bottom to the top along the axial direction, characterized in that, The determination method includes: Based on the dynamic clustering method and the rock mass structure characteristics of each rock mass structure surface group corresponding to the fracture network model of the shallow surface layer of the slope to be repaired, the fracture probability density function and its parameters at different locations of the slope to be repaired are determined. Based on the statistical rock mechanics theory and the dominant attitude, average radius, density, and fracture width of each rock mass structural surface group output by the fracture network model, the water diffusion coefficient in the fractures is calculated. in, It is the water diffusion coefficient. It is the spacing of the cracks. This refers to the influence of fracture geometry on water diffusion, with values ​​ranging from 1.4 to 1.

8. It is the density of the cracks. The average radius of the crack. This refers to the width of the rock fissure at the anchor bolt installation location. The diffusion coefficient in homogeneous rocks is determined in advance through experiments; The average spacing of the cracks; Based on Fick's law and the water diffusion coefficient, the diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass is calculated, and based on the diffusion flux, the length of the first section of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point of the rock and soil mass driven into the slope to be repaired is determined. The probability density function of cracks at different locations of the slope to be repaired is converted into the corresponding crack length function, and the number of anchor bolts driven into the slope along the slope direction is determined based on the crack length function. Calculate the total water discharge of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes. Based on the fact that the total water discharge of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment of each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity of the permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient, determine the upper limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod. Based on slope stability considerations, the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are calculated separately. Since the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil layer are both less than 1, the lower limit threshold of the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined.

2. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the crack probability density function and its parameters at different locations on the slope to be repaired specifically refers to: The crack probability density function at different locations on the slope to be repaired in, Let be the horizontal coordinates of the crack in a rectangular coordinate system. for The mean; For variance; in, , ， The total number of cracks. For the serial number The horizontal coordinates corresponding to the crack.

3. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in the rock mass specifically refers to: Diffusion flux through a unit area per unit time in a rock mass in, For water vapor concentration gradient; The length of the first section of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point in the soil and rock mass driven into the slope to be repaired specifically refers to: The length of the first section of the anchor rod corresponding to each water replenishment point in the soil and rock mass driven into the slope to be repaired. Porosity of rock fractures; Additional porosity contributed to the fracture; It is the water head height at the fissure. It is gravitational acceleration.

4. The determination method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conversion of the crack probability density function at different locations of the slope to be repaired into the corresponding crack length function specifically refers to: The crack length function in, Indicates the vertical height of the slope The horizontal position coordinates are The probability density function of the crack at that location, The correlation coefficient describing the crack length is a fixed quantity; The dip angle of the rock mass fracture; The determination of the number of anchor bolts driven along the slope direction of the slope to be repaired based on the crack length function specifically refers to: The number of anchor bolts driven along the slope can be calculated using the following formula. in, Indicates the number of installations sequentially along the slope. The function of crack length corresponding to each anchor bolt. This represents the height of the slope to be repaired.

5. The determination method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the total water outflow from the anchor bolts corresponding to each water replenishment point and the outflow velocity from the permeable holes specifically refers to: Total water discharge of anchor bolts corresponding to each water replenishment point in, It refers to the water output of a single perforated hole. It is the outflow velocity of the permeable holes. It is the area of ​​the permeable holes, which is a constant value; The effective head difference at the permeable holes; The inner diameter of the anchor rod. The flow coefficient of the anchor bolt is obtained by an anchor bolt permeability test under certain conditions and is a fixed value; The number of permeable holes provided on the anchor bolt is an integer selected according to actual needs, and it is subject to the following expression. in, The spacing between the permeable holes is a fixed amount; The upper limit threshold for the inner diameter of the anchor rod is determined based on the fact that the total water discharge of the anchor rods corresponding to each water replenishment point is greater than the target water replenishment volume of each water replenishment point and the water flow velocity of the permeable holes is greater than the soil permeability coefficient. Specifically, this means: in, It is the target water replenishment volume at the water replenishment point, which is determined in advance based on the actual situation; The effective water replenishment rate at the water replenishment point. This is the vegetation evaporation coefficient; This represents the potential transpiration of the plants planted at the water replenishment point. Let be the soil permeability coefficient, which is a constant.

6. The determination method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the lower limit threshold for the inner diameter of the anchor bolt based on the fact that the stability coefficients of the rock mass layer and the soil mass layer are both less than 1 specifically refers to: Rock mass stability coefficient in, Due to the weight of the rock mass, The seepage force on the fracture surface, It is the permeability coefficient of water in homogeneous rock mass. It is a hydraulic gradient. It is the surface area of ​​the medium subjected to seepage force. , The relationship between rock mass cohesion and internal friction angle. This refers to the vertical stress of the rock mass. Soil layer stability coefficient in, The density of water, This represents the water potential gradient in the soil. For soil cross-section, The weight of the soil under the infiltration layer. This refers to the seepage force in the soil. , These are the cohesion and internal friction angle at the soil-rock interface, respectively. For the vertical stress of the soil, The angle between the anchor bolt and the vertical direction. The water content in the soil. This represents the difference in soil saturation. This represents the saturated water content of the soil. This represents the initial volumetric water content. Porosity.

7. The determination method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The effective water replenishment rate of the water replenishment point and potential transpiration of plants They are respectively in, and All are the principal permeability coefficients of the rock mass. The angle between the major semi-axis of the infiltration ellipse and the line connecting the water replenishment and the toe of the aquifer slope. The angle between the semi-major axis of the infiltration ellipse and the line connecting the water replenishment zone and the top of the aquifer slope. To effectively replenish water, The slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve is denoted as . Net radiation on the plant surface For soil heat flux, This is the hygrometer constant. The average daily temperature at a height of 2 meters. The wind speed at a height of 2 meters. The pressure is the saturated water vapor pressure. This is the actual water vapor pressure.

8. A system for determining a water replenishment device for ecological restoration of rock slopes, characterized in that, The determining system includes: Memory is used to store executable instructions for a computer; A processor, when executing computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, implements the determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein, The computer instructions are used to cause the computer to perform the determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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