Battery replacement method and system based on code scanning identification

Abstract

This invention discloses a battery swapping method and system based on barcode scanning, belonging to the field of intelligent battery swapping management technology. The method includes: installing chips on the battery and vehicle to store battery and vehicle information; obtaining vehicle information through barcode scanning, matching it with a cloud server, and monitoring and managing it via the Internet of Things (IoT); the battery swapping station receiving swapping instructions from the cloud server and intelligently recommending the optimal battery; the user inserting the replacement battery into the slot, the battery swapping station automatically detecting the battery status, and initiating a safety protection process upon detecting anomalies. The method automatically recommends the optimal battery swapping solution; simultaneously, it uses an exponential decay model to predict the remaining battery life, sets a swapping warning threshold, achieves precise monitoring of the battery charging and discharging status, and immediately initiates a safety protection process upon detecting anomalies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent battery swapping management technology, specifically to a battery swapping method and system based on barcode scanning identification. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of high technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, and intelligent identification, electric vehicle battery swapping technology has also made significant progress. Traditional battery swapping methods rely heavily on mechanized operations and manual monitoring, which have significant limitations in swapping efficiency, data real-time performance, and safety protection. To improve the system's intelligence level, the industry has begun exploring the installation of chips on batteries and vehicles to achieve real-time collection and storage of data such as battery model, capacity, lifespan, charging cycles, load status, and vehicle data. This data is then uploaded to a cloud database using wireless communication technology, where it is matched, intelligently scheduled, and provides safety warnings via a cloud server. Furthermore, advanced data processing algorithms, such as exponential decay models and remaining life prediction models, are used to dynamically monitor and evaluate battery health, providing a scientific basis for battery swapping decisions. This technological approach not only improves the problem of manual intervention in traditional battery swapping processes but also lays a solid technical foundation for battery status assessment and system safety management.

[0003] However, existing technologies still have several shortcomings in the field of battery swapping: First, most existing systems only use a single parameter or simple threshold to evaluate the battery status, making it difficult to achieve a comprehensive quantitative analysis of battery health, resulting in certain errors in battery remaining life and early warning mechanisms; second, due to data transmission delays and inaccurate matching algorithms during the barcode scanning process, incomplete vehicle information recognition or untimely battery swapping scheduling may occur, further affecting battery swapping efficiency and safety; third, traditional safety protection relies heavily on mechanical limit switches and static alarm devices, lacking real-time dynamic monitoring and rapid response capabilities for abnormal battery conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem solved by this invention is that existing battery swapping technologies suffer from low levels of intelligence, inaccurate data matching, and delayed safety response.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a battery swapping method based on barcode scanning identification, comprising:

[0007] Chips are installed in batteries and vehicles to store battery and vehicle information;

[0008] Vehicle information is obtained by scanning a code, matched with a cloud server, and monitored and managed through the Internet of Things.

[0009] The battery swapping station receives battery swapping instructions through a cloud server and intelligently recommends the best battery.

[0010] Users insert the replacement battery into the slot, and the battery swapping station automatically detects the battery status. If an abnormality is detected, a safety protection process is initiated.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the battery swapping method based on barcode scanning identification described in this invention, the storage of battery and vehicle information includes installing chips on the battery and vehicle to store battery model, capacity, service life, number of charging cycles, load information, and vehicle VIN.

[0012] The battery swapping station incorporates a sensor network to monitor the charging area and battery status in real time, collecting data such as temperature (T), humidity (H), smoke concentration (S), and moisture intrusion indicator (W). The collected data is then uploaded to a cloud database via the Internet of Things (IoT).

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the battery swapping method based on QR code recognition described in this invention, the step of obtaining vehicle information through QR code recognition includes: the user scans a QR code with their mobile phone in front of the swapping station, and the system obtains the user's unique identifier and the scanning time; if the QR code information is missing or abnormal, the user is prompted to scan the code again and subsequent operations are interrupted.

[0014] When scanning the code, the battery swapping station reads the user's electric vehicle and battery information. After confirming the vehicle's identity, the station reads the user's vehicle battery information through the scanning device and uploads it to the cloud server for comparison. The cloud server calculates the current battery charging status, battery swapping station availability, and battery priority ranking, and sends a battery swapping guide to the user. The system checks the user's account and payment status. If payment verification fails, the system refuses to enter the battery swapping process and prompts the user to supplement payment information; otherwise, it proceeds to the next step.

[0015] The data of each battery in the smart battery storage cabinet is standardized to remove outliers and a trial charge is performed to determine its replaceability. Multiple scoring factors are set for each battery, including power factor, temperature factor, and health factor. Each factor is multiplied by a preset weight and then summed to obtain a comprehensive score.

[0016] The health factors include calculating the remaining lifespan of the battery using an exponential decay model. The health status of the battery decreases exponentially with the number of charge and discharge cycles. The system calculates its future usable time based on historical data and makes predictions by combining the number of charge and discharge cycles and the current health status of the battery.

[0017] A battery remaining life model (RUL) is constructed, and the prediction is based on historical data and the current state of the battery, using an exponential decay model.

[0018] Set battery swapping early warning threshold L d When battery life is below the threshold L dIf the battery health status is below the set L, the scoring weight will be reduced; if the battery health status is below the set L, the scoring weight will be reduced. d If the battery has been used for too long, a battery replacement reminder will be given, and a new battery will be prioritized for replacement.

[0019] The energy factor includes calculating the proportion of the remaining battery storage capacity. If it is lower than the minimum required capacity, it is marked as unavailable. If it is higher than the minimum required capacity, linear normalization is used to map the proportion to [0, 100].

[0020] The temperature factor includes a piecewise linear scoring method, where full marks are given when the temperature is below the ideal temperature, and the temperature decreases linearly between the ideal and safety thresholds; if the battery temperature exceeds the safety threshold during a trial charge, the battery is marked as unusable.

[0021] All batteries are sorted by comprehensive score, and the battery with the highest score that meets all safety conditions is selected as the battery swapping candidate.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the battery swapping method based on QR code recognition described in this invention, the cloud server matching includes setting up a cloud database on the cloud server, connecting the vehicle IoT and the automatic battery swapping station, and storing battery standards of electric vehicle manufacturers, current market battery models, and battery parameter information adapted to each vehicle.

[0023] The data acquisition layer includes sensor networks, cameras, and readers; the edge computing layer connects to the local server of the battery swapping station to quickly process battery swapping needs; the cloud computing layer is responsible for vehicle and battery data storage, user battery swapping demand analysis, and vehicle battery swapping scheduling; the application service layer is responsible for battery swapping station management, including data interaction with the battery swapping APP and automatic battery swapping station operation and maintenance backend control.

[0024] Users can remotely check battery status and schedule battery swaps through the vehicle network system of the battery swapping app.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the battery swapping method based on barcode scanning and identification described in this invention, the monitoring and management via the Internet of Things includes: after reading the vehicle's barcode scanning information, the system automatically queries the database to obtain the battery model and recommended swapping scheme that are compatible with the current vehicle; and intelligently matching the battery's remaining available capacity, health status, and historical vehicle usage data.

[0026] The intelligent matching includes calculating the degree of compatibility between each candidate battery and the requirements of the target vehicle. The core of battery matching is to calculate the target vehicle V. i The battery demand is determined, and the optimal battery B is selected from the battery swapping station's inventory. j ;

[0027] Battery matching degree calculation includes defining the battery matching degree M. ij As vehicle Vi and battery B j The degree of compatibility between them;

[0028] Select battery swapping priorities based on user needs, including prioritizing long battery life and performance.

[0029] Based on user needs, select battery swapping priorities and adjust the weights of various components in the matching score to calculate the battery swapping priority score P. i Sort the battery swap request queue;

[0030] If the battery swapping station does not have a fully matching battery in its inventory, a similar compatible model will be recommended, and compatibility verification will be performed.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the battery swapping method based on barcode scanning and identification described in this invention, the step of receiving the battery swapping instruction includes performing pre- and post-swap detection based on the battery information identified by barcode scanning and identification, and then performing the battery swapping operation.

[0032] Before replacement, check the condition of the electric vehicle's battery to be replaced to ensure safe disassembly;

[0033] Scan the current battery, automatically detect the battery status, and confirm battery compatibility when replacing it.

[0034] The system automatically unlocks the old battery, removes the battery to be replaced, and enters standby mode. It then receives the location information and operation instructions of the selected battery. The system checks the status of the mechanical equipment and only starts the battery swapping operation after confirming that there is no fault. Otherwise, it triggers a maintenance alarm and interrupts the operation.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment of the battery swapping method based on barcode recognition described in this invention, the automatic allocation of a suitable battery includes, according to an instruction, an automatic ejection mechanism starts to eject the selected rechargeable battery from the storage slot; after the battery is ejected, a sensor confirms whether the user has removed the battery, and at the same time detects the empty slot status.

[0036] If the user fails to complete the removal operation within the specified time, the battery swapping station will relock the battery and prompt the user to reconfirm the removal operation; if the available slot is not detected correctly, the station will remain in a waiting state and issue an abnormal status notification.

[0037] After the battery swap is completed, a second verification is performed to ensure that the new battery is a correct match;

[0038] After replacement, the electric vehicle battery installation status was tested to confirm that the voltage and current were normal, thus avoiding the risk of short circuit.

[0039] After the user removes the popped-out rechargeable battery, the depleted battery is inserted into the original empty slot. The internal sensor detects the identity and status of the inserted battery to be replaced. The safety protection module automatically performs a health assessment on the replaced battery. If it meets the safety standards, the charging management module performs the charging operation and uploads the data to the background control module for priority sorting.

[0040] If the battery temperature exceeds the safe range or the charging current is abnormal during the charging process, the charging will be immediately interrupted, the system will enter a protection state, and an alarm will be triggered.

[0041] If the inserted battery is found to be out of order, the safety protection module prompts the user to try again. If the try again fails or there is no response, the slot is locked for a safety check.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the battery swapping system based on barcode scanning identification described in this invention, it includes a background control module, a safety protection module, and a battery recycling module.

[0043] The back-end control module integrates the processing of scanned information, battery status management, charging management, and battery allocation strategies, and performs automatic billing and payment settlement; the intelligent battery storage cabinet is equipped with multiple battery storage compartments, each with a battery status sensor to monitor battery voltage, power, and temperature in real time.

[0044] The background control module is equipped with a waterproof charging interface and adopts intelligent charging technology to monitor the temperature, voltage and current of the battery in real time during the charging process; if abnormal temperature rise or abnormal voltage fluctuation is detected, the safety mechanism will be activated immediately.

[0045] The safety protection module is equipped with an automatic power-off device and fire extinguishing equipment. When an abnormal battery temperature is detected, it will automatically activate the alarm, cut off the power, and extinguish the fire. The overall shell of the battery swapping station is made of high-efficiency thermal insulation material, which keeps the battery warm in winter to ensure battery life and keeps the internal battery warm in summer to prevent overheating and explosion.

[0046] The battery recycling module includes a barcode scanning and identification unit. Users can scan the barcode to identify the battery using their mobile phones or terminal devices. The system automatically reads the battery ID, specifications, voltage, and charge status. Based on the calculation results of the background system, it automatically selects and removes the battery with the highest charge. After the user removes the battery, they can insert the low-charge battery into the original empty slot to start automatic charging.

[0047] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement steps of a battery swapping method based on barcode scanning identification.

[0048] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a battery swapping method based on barcode scanning identification.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by installing chips on the battery and vehicle, detailed battery and vehicle information is collected and stored, and then the data is transmitted to the cloud server in real time using Internet of Things technology for comprehensive matching and intelligent analysis, automatically recommending the optimal battery swapping solution; at the same time, an exponential decay model is used to predict the remaining battery life, and a battery swapping warning threshold is set to achieve accurate monitoring of the battery charging and discharging status, and to immediately activate the safety protection process when an abnormality is detected. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention provides an overall flowchart of a battery swapping method based on barcode scanning. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 As an embodiment of the present invention, a battery swapping method based on barcode scanning identification is provided, comprising:

[0054] S1: Install chips on the battery and vehicle to store battery and vehicle information.

[0055] The stored battery and vehicle information includes installing chips on the battery and vehicle to store battery model, capacity, lifespan, number of charging cycles, load information, and vehicle VIN.

[0056] The battery swapping station incorporates a sensor network to monitor the charging area and battery status in real time, collecting data such as temperature (T), humidity (H), smoke concentration (S), and moisture intrusion indicator (W). The collected data is then uploaded to a cloud database via the Internet of Things (IoT).

[0057] After data collection, the IoT gateway performs local preprocessing, including data formatting, comparison with historical records, matching past battery swapping data, and compensation for missing data. Once processed, the edge server sends the identification results to the cloud server for comparison. The cloud database is then accessed to match historical vehicle data and battery swapping records to confirm the vehicle's identity.

[0058] It should be noted that traditional battery management systems primarily rely on parameters such as battery voltage, current, and temperature for state monitoring, but these are insufficient for accurately predicting the future lifespan of the battery. Current mainstream methods include physics-based modeling, data-driven machine learning, and hybrid modeling approaches. Among these, the exponential decay model is widely used to describe the relationship between battery capacity decay and the number of charge-discharge cycles due to its good fitting effect and computational efficiency.

[0059] S2: Obtain vehicle information by scanning a code, match it with a cloud server, and monitor and manage it through the Internet of Things.

[0060] Furthermore, the method of obtaining vehicle information through scanning includes: the user scans a code with their mobile phone in front of the battery swapping station, and the system obtains the user's unique identifier and the scanning time; if the scanning information is missing or abnormal, the user is prompted to scan the code again and subsequent operations are interrupted.

[0061] When scanning the code, the battery swapping station reads the user's electric vehicle and battery information. After confirming the vehicle's identity, the station reads the user's vehicle battery information through the scanning device and uploads it to the cloud server for comparison. The cloud server calculates the current battery charging status, battery swapping station availability, and battery priority ranking, and sends a battery swapping guide to the user. The system checks the user's account and payment status. If payment verification fails, the system refuses to enter the battery swapping process and prompts the user to supplement payment information; otherwise, it proceeds to the next step.

[0062] The data of each battery in the smart battery storage cabinet is standardized to remove outliers and a trial charge is performed to determine its replaceability. Multiple scoring factors are set for each battery, including power factor, temperature factor, and health factor. Each factor is multiplied by a preset weight and then summed to obtain a comprehensive score.

[0063] The health factors include those using S h The system represents the health factor and uses an exponential decay model to calculate the remaining lifespan of the battery. The battery's health status decreases exponentially with the number of charge and discharge cycles. The system calculates its future usable time based on historical data and makes predictions by combining the number of charge and discharge cycles and the current health status of the battery.

[0064] A battery remaining life model (RUL) is constructed, and the prediction is based on historical data and the current state of the battery, using an exponential decay model.

[0065] The final choice satisfies M ijBattery B with maximum value * The formula is expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] A battery remaining life (RUL) model is constructed, predicting battery life based on historical data and the current state of the battery, using an exponential decay model.

[0068] L remain =L0e -λN

[0069] Among them, L remain This indicates the current remaining battery life. L0 represents the initial rated battery life. λ represents the degradation coefficient. N represents the current number of charge-discharge cycles.

[0070] Set battery swapping early warning threshold L d When battery life is below the threshold L d If the battery health status is below the set L, the scoring weight will be reduced; if the battery health status is below the set L, the scoring weight will be reduced. d If the battery has been used for too long, a battery replacement reminder will be given, and a new battery will be prioritized for replacement.

[0071] The energy factor includes calculating the proportion of the remaining battery storage capacity. If it is lower than the minimum required capacity, it is marked as unavailable. If it is higher than the minimum required capacity, linear normalization is used to map the proportion to [0, 100].

[0072] Calculate the proportion, define:

[0073]

[0074] Set the minimum acceptable ratio r min If r <r min If the battery does not meet the requirements, it will be marked as unusable or assigned a score of 0.

[0075] When r≥r min When r is mapped to the scoring range [0, 100], and the proportion corresponding to the full score is set to 1, the following linear mapping formula can be used:

[0076]

[0077] The score is 0 when the remaining battery capacity is equal to the minimum requirement, and 100 when the maximum capacity is reached; the intermediate values ​​are linearly distributed.

[0078] The temperature factor includes setting a safe upper temperature limit T using a piecewise linear scoring method. safe Set the ideal operating temperature T. ideal This refers to the lowest temperature that is desired to be achieved during trial charging.

[0079] When the measured temperature T≤T ideal When the state is considered optimal, it is assigned a perfect score of 100.

[0080] When T ideal <T<T safe When S is calculated using a linear descent method, T Temperature factor:

[0081]

[0082] When T≥T safe If the temperature is below the ideal temperature, a score of 0 is assigned directly, and the battery is marked as unusable. A perfect score is awarded when the temperature is below the ideal temperature, with the temperature decreasing linearly between the ideal and safety thresholds. If the battery temperature exceeds the safety threshold during a test charge, the battery is marked as unusable.

[0083] All batteries are sorted by comprehensive score, and the battery with the highest score that meets all safety conditions is selected as the battery swapping candidate.

[0084] The cloud server matching includes setting up a cloud database on the cloud server, connecting the vehicle IoT and automatic battery swapping stations, and storing battery standards of electric vehicle manufacturers, current market battery models, and battery parameter information suitable for each vehicle.

[0085] The data acquisition layer includes IoT devices, cameras, and RFID readers; the edge computing layer connects to the local server of the battery swapping station to quickly process battery swapping needs; the cloud computing layer is responsible for vehicle and battery data storage, user battery swapping demand analysis, and vehicle battery swapping scheduling; and the application service layer is responsible for battery swapping station management, including data interaction with the battery swapping APP and automatic battery swapping station operation and maintenance backend control.

[0086] Users can remotely check battery status and schedule battery swaps through the vehicle network system of the battery swapping app.

[0087] The monitoring and management via the Internet of Things includes reading the vehicle's QR code information, automatically querying the database to obtain the battery model and recommended battery swapping plan that are compatible with the current vehicle, and intelligently matching the battery's remaining available capacity, health status, historical vehicle usage data, and corresponding temperature, power, and health factors.

[0088] The intelligent matching includes the core calculation of the target vehicle V for battery matching. i The battery demand is determined, and the optimal battery B is selected from the battery swapping station's inventory. j .

[0089] Battery matching degree calculation includes defining the battery matching degree M. ij As vehicle V i and battery B jThe degree of compatibility between them.

[0090] Battery swapping priorities are selected based on user needs, including priority for long range, health, and economy.

[0091] Calculate the battery swapping priority score P i Sort the battery swap request queue.

[0092] If the battery swapping station does not have a fully matching battery in its inventory, a similar compatible model will be recommended, and compatibility verification will be performed.

[0093] It should be noted that the adaptation rules are set based on the matching requirements between the vehicle and the battery. These rules include: Physical matching: considering the battery's size, interface type, and installation method to ensure the new battery can be physically installed in the vehicle's battery compartment; Voltage and power matching: matching the vehicle's required voltage and output power with the battery's rated parameters; Range requirement matching: assigning weights based on user needs to match the vehicle's required range with the battery's energy density, charging speed, and other parameters; and Safety matching: based on temperature and health status data collected via IoT, ensuring the recommended battery is in a safe state and meets preset safety thresholds.

[0094] S3: The battery swapping station receives battery swapping instructions through a cloud server and intelligently recommends the best battery.

[0095] Furthermore, the monitoring and management via the Internet of Things includes, after reading the vehicle's QR code information, the system automatically queries the database to obtain the battery model compatible with the current vehicle and recommended battery swapping solutions. It then intelligently matches these solutions based on the battery's remaining usable capacity, health status, and historical vehicle usage data.

[0096] Battery swapping priorities are selected based on user needs, including prioritizing long battery life and performance.

[0097] The battery swapping station server calculates a battery swapping priority score for each vehicle based on the battery's temperature factor, capacity factor, health factor, and cost parameters, using the following formula:

[0098] P i =α1·SOC i +α2·SOH i +α3·C i +α4·W i

[0099] Among them, SOC i This indicates the current charging state of the battery, with the highest weight given when prioritizing long battery life. (SOH) i This indicates the battery's health status, with health taking the highest weight. (C) i This represents the cost of battery use, with the highest weight given when economy is a priority factor. W iThis indicates the current queuing time, which affects the battery swapping priority score P calculated by the battery swapping dispatch system. i Sort the battery swap request queue:

[0100] Q = {V1, V2, ..., V} n}

[0101] High-priority users and health-priority users skip part of the waiting queue. Low-priority users, long battery life users, and economy-priority users enter the waiting queue.

[0102] If the battery swapping station does not have a fully matching battery in its inventory, the system will recommend a similar compatible model and perform a compatibility check.

[0103] The intelligent matching includes the core calculation of the target vehicle V for battery matching. i The battery demand is determined, and the optimal battery B is selected from the battery swapping station's inventory. j .

[0104] Battery matching degree calculation includes defining the battery matching degree M. ij As vehicle V i and battery B j Compatibility between them:

[0105] M ij =w1S ij +w2H ij +w3C ij +w4T ij

[0106] Among them, S ij Indicates battery B j Rated specifications (such as voltage, capacity) and vehicle V i The degree of matching of requirements. H ij The formula for expressing the state of battery health (SOH) is as follows:

[0107]

[0108] Among them, C remain C represents the current remaining usable battery capacity. new Indicates the new battery capacity. C ij The current state of charge (SOC) of the battery is expressed by the formula:

[0109]

[0110] Among them, E remain E represents the current remaining battery power. max T represents the total energy when fully charged. ij This indicates the battery temperature condition matching degree, ensuring that the battery operating temperature is within a safe range.

[0111] The process of receiving the battery swap instruction includes performing pre- and post-swap detection based on the battery information identified by scanning the code, and then executing the battery swap operation.

[0112] Before replacement, check the condition of the electric vehicle's battery to be replaced to ensure safe disassembly.

[0113] Scan the current battery, automatically detect the battery status, and confirm the compatibility of the replacement battery.

[0114] The system automatically unlocks the old battery, removes the battery to be replaced, and enters standby mode. It then receives the location information and operation instructions of the selected battery. The system checks the status of the mechanical equipment and only starts the battery swapping operation after confirming that there is no fault. Otherwise, it triggers a maintenance alarm and interrupts the operation.

[0115] It should be noted that the battery swapping priority scoring algorithm dynamically calculates the battery swapping order for users, ensuring that the needs of different users are met. The intelligent scheduling system provides rapid battery swapping guidance and load balancing at battery swapping stations, improving operational efficiency. Automatic battery swapping combined with AI scheduling improves battery swapping accuracy, enabling unattended operation and intelligent matching.

[0116] S4: The user inserts the replacement battery into the slot, and the battery swapping station automatically detects the battery status. If an abnormality is detected, the safety protection process is initiated.

[0117] The automatic allocation of suitable batteries includes the battery swapping station traversing all the batteries in stock and calculating their respective matching degree.

[0118] If a battery with a perfect match is available in the battery swapping station's inventory, the battery with the highest matching degree will be selected.

[0119] If no perfect match is found, we recommend similar models with higher compatibility and perform compatibility verification (check whether the installation interface and charging interface are certified).

[0120] The final recommended solution is fed back to the user, including the recommended battery model, expected range improvement, and charging plan. The user can confirm the system's recommendation or choose an alternative solution. The backend optimizes in real time; all matching results, user feedback, and actual operational data after battery swapping are stored in a database for subsequent machine learning and rule optimization, continuously improving matching accuracy.

[0121] Upon receiving instructions, the automatic ejection mechanism of the battery swapping station begins to eject the selected rechargeable battery from the storage slot. After the battery is ejected, sensors confirm whether the user has removed the battery and simultaneously detect the empty slot status.

[0122] If the user fails to complete the removal operation within the specified time, the battery swapping station will relock the battery and prompt the user to reconfirm the removal operation; if the available slot is not detected correctly, the station will remain in a waiting state and issue an abnormal status notification.

[0123] After the battery swap is completed, a second verification is performed to ensure that the new battery is a correct match.

[0124] After replacement, the electric vehicle battery installation status was tested to confirm that the voltage and current were normal, thus avoiding the risk of short circuit.

[0125] After the user removes the ejected rechargeable battery, the depleted battery is inserted into the original empty slot. The internal sensor detects the identity and status of the inserted battery to be replaced. The safety protection module automatically performs a health assessment on the replaced battery. If it meets the safety standards, the charging management module performs the charging operation and uploads the data to the background control module for priority sorting.

[0126] If the battery temperature exceeds the safe range or the charging current is abnormal during charging, charging will be immediately interrupted, the system will enter a protection state, and an alarm will be triggered.

[0127] If the inserted battery is found to be out of order, the safety protection module prompts the user to try again. If the try again fails or there is no response, the slot is locked for a safety check.

[0128] It should be noted that for battery swapping station scheduling, the server calculates the swapping order based on user priority and pre-locks the optimal battery. If a station is congested, higher-priority users can skip part of the queue. Dynamic battery swapping matching occurs during the swapping process; if insufficient battery matching is detected, the system adjusts its strategy, providing a second-best battery and informing the user of the result. Battery usage is recorded after swapping and synchronized to the cloud to optimize future swapping recommendations. For battery swapping fee settlement, users with an economy priority enjoy discounts, while users with long-range batteries may have additional charges for preferred batteries.

[0129] Example 2 is an embodiment of the present invention, which provides a battery swapping method based on barcode recognition. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, scientific demonstration is carried out through economic benefit calculation and simulation experiments.

[0130] First, to verify the effectiveness of a battery swapping system based on barcode scanning, an experiment was conducted at a new energy vehicle battery swapping station. The core objectives of the experiment included:

[0131] The evaluation system assesses its performance in vehicle recognition, intelligent battery matching, battery swapping efficiency, user wait time optimization, and battery health management.

[0132] This study compares the efficiency and resource optimization differences between traditional battery swapping methods and the battery swapping method of this invention. It also verifies whether this invention can improve the operational efficiency of battery swapping stations, reduce user waiting time, and enhance the intelligence level of battery management.

[0133] The experiment was conducted at an urban charging and battery swapping integrated service station, which has 30 battery swapping stations and an average of about 200 battery swapping vehicles per day, of which about 50 vehicles participated in this experiment. The IoT battery swapping management system of this invention consists of the following components:

[0134] Data acquisition includes sensor networks, high-definition cameras, QR code scanners, and vehicle information chips.

[0135] The local server at the battery swapping station performs vehicle identification and battery matching. It stores battery health information and uses a battery swapping scheduling algorithm to calculate swapping priorities. The battery swapping station management platform and the user's battery swapping app support remote scheduling of battery swaps.

[0136] During the test, after users scanned a QR code to identify vehicle information via a mobile app, the system automatically connected to a cloud database to obtain the battery model compatible with the vehicle. Before the test, the batteries in stock at the battery swapping station were numbered, and their real-time charge, temperature, and health status data were collected via IoT sensors. During the test, a smart battery storage cabinet was used for pre-charging testing, and real-time battery temperature data was collected to determine its safety.

[0137] The experiment first standardized the data of each battery, removed abnormal data points collected by the sensor, and marked batteries with temperature and charge below the safety threshold as unusable.

[0138] The server calculates the battery matching degree based on vehicle historical data, current battery status, state of health (SOH), and remaining charge (SOC).

[0139] The system uses an exponential degradation model to calculate the remaining battery life (RUL). If the current battery RUL is lower than a set threshold, the system recommends replacing the battery.

[0140] The system calculates the battery swapping priority score P. i As a basis for battery swapping priority:

[0141] P i =α1·SOC i +α2·SOH i +α3·C i +α4·W i

[0142] Among them, SOC i Remaining battery power has the highest weight when prioritizing longer battery life. i Health status, with the highest weight given when health is prioritized. C i Battery swapping costs have the highest weighting when economic considerations are prioritized. i Queuing time affects scheduling strategies. The weight settings for different modes are shown in Table 1.

[0143] Table 1 Weighting Parameter Table

[0144] model α1(SOC) α2(SOH) α3 (Cost) α4 (Waiting Time) Long battery life is the priority 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 Health First 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.1 Economic priority 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.1

[0145] The final battery swapping sequence is as follows: P i The highest-ranking user is responsible for scheduling:

[0146]

[0147] Scheduling is based on three modes: long-range priority, health priority, and economy priority. High-priority users skip part of the waiting queue, while low-priority users enter the queuing system.

[0148] After a user's electric vehicle enters the designated battery swapping station, a barcode scanning device verifies the battery information and health status. The user then removes the old battery, installs the optimal battery, and checks the voltage, current, and connection status.

[0149] Users settle payments through the battery swapping app, and the system updates battery status data synchronously after the swap is completed.

[0150] Table 2 Experimental Data Records

[0151]

[0152] Table 2 of the test data shows that the present invention has significant advantages in terms of battery swapping efficiency, battery management optimization, and user experience.

[0153] Traditional methods match batteries based solely on vehicle model, resulting in a battery incompatibility rate as high as 23.5%. This invention employs IoT data analysis and a battery health prediction model to dynamically match the optimal battery based on vehicle usage, historical data, and SOC / SOH, increasing battery compatibility to 95.6%, reducing incompatibility issues, and improving battery utilization. In the traditional model, vehicles wait in queues for an average of 12.5 minutes, sometimes exceeding 15 minutes during peak periods. Using the intelligent scheduling system of this invention, battery swapping priorities are calculated, queuing order is dynamically adjusted, and a battery swapping optimization allocation algorithm is combined to reduce the average waiting time to 5.2 minutes, improving the operational efficiency of battery swapping stations.

[0154] Traditional battery swapping stations lack intelligent lifespan prediction mechanisms, resulting in 23.4% of old batteries having a RUL below the safety threshold, indicating overuse or premature replacement. This invention uses an exponential degradation model to predict battery lifespan and provides early warnings for swapping batteries before their RUL falls below the threshold, reducing the proportion of batteries with RUL below the threshold to 9.8% and improving the efficiency of battery lifespan management.

[0155] Example 3, an embodiment of the present invention, provides a battery swapping system based on barcode scanning identification, comprising:

[0156] The back-end control module integrates the processing of scanned information, battery status management, charging management, and battery allocation strategies, and performs automatic billing and payment settlement; the intelligent battery storage cabinet is equipped with multiple battery storage compartments, each with a battery status sensor to monitor battery voltage, power, and temperature in real time.

[0157] The charging management module is equipped with a waterproof charging interface and adopts intelligent charging technology to monitor the temperature, voltage, and current of the battery in real time during the charging process; if abnormal temperature rise or abnormal voltage fluctuation is detected, the safety mechanism will be activated immediately.

[0158] The safety protection module is equipped with an automatic power-off device and fire extinguishing equipment. When an abnormal battery condition is detected, it will automatically activate the alarm, cut off the power, and extinguish the fire. The overall shell of the battery swapping station is made of high-efficiency thermal insulation material, which keeps the battery warm in winter to ensure battery life and provides heat insulation in summer to prevent the internal battery from overheating and exploding.

[0159] The battery recycling module includes a barcode scanning and identification unit. Users can scan the barcode to identify the battery using their mobile phones or terminal devices. The system automatically reads the battery ID, specifications, voltage, and charge status. Based on the calculation results of the background system, it automatically selects and removes the battery with the highest charge. After the user removes the battery, they can insert the low-charge battery into the original empty slot to start automatic charging.

[0160] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0161] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0162] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which programs can be printed, because programs can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0163] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0164] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery swapping method based on barcode scanning and identification, characterized in that, include: Chips are installed in batteries and vehicles to store battery and vehicle information; Vehicle information is obtained by scanning a code, matched with a cloud server, and monitored and managed through the Internet of Things. The battery swapping station receives battery swapping instructions through a cloud server and intelligently recommends the best battery. The user inserts the replacement battery into the slot, and the battery swapping station automatically detects the battery status. If an abnormality is detected, the safety protection process is activated. The process of obtaining vehicle information through QR code scanning includes the user scanning a QR code with their mobile phone in front of the battery swapping station, and the system obtaining the user's unique identifier and the scanning time. If the scanned information is missing or abnormal, the user will be prompted to scan the code again and subsequent operations will be interrupted. When scanning the code, the battery swapping station reads the user's electric vehicle and battery information. After confirming the vehicle's identity, the station reads the user's vehicle battery information through the scanning device and uploads it to the cloud server for comparison. The cloud server calculates the current battery charging status, battery swapping station availability, and battery priority ranking, and sends a battery swapping guide to the user. The system checks the user's account and payment status. If payment verification fails, the system refuses to enter the battery swapping process and prompts the user to supplement payment information; otherwise, it proceeds to the next step. The data of each battery in the smart battery storage cabinet is standardized to remove outliers and a trial charge is performed to determine its replaceability. Multiple scoring factors are set for each battery, including power factor, temperature factor, and health factor. Each factor is multiplied by a preset weight and then summed to obtain a comprehensive score. The health factors include calculating the remaining lifespan of the battery using an exponential decay model. The health status of the battery decreases exponentially with the number of charge and discharge cycles. The system calculates its future usable time based on historical data and makes predictions by combining the number of charge and discharge cycles and the current health status of the battery. A battery remaining life model (RUL) is constructed, and the prediction is based on historical data and the current state of the battery, using an exponential decay model. Set battery swapping early warning threshold When battery life is below a threshold If the battery health status is below the set value, the scoring weight will be reduced; if the battery health status is below the set value, the scoring weight will be reduced. If the battery has been used for too long, a battery replacement reminder will be given, and a new battery will be prioritized for replacement. The power factor includes calculating the percentage of remaining battery storage capacity, and marking it as unavailable if it is lower than the minimum required capacity. If the capacity exceeds the minimum requirement, linear normalization is used to map the ratio to [0, 100]. The temperature factor includes a piecewise linear scoring method, where full marks are given when the temperature is below the ideal temperature, and the temperature decreases linearly between the ideal and safety thresholds; if the battery temperature exceeds the safety threshold during a trial charge, the battery is marked as unusable. All batteries are sorted by comprehensive score, and the battery with the highest score that meets all safety conditions is selected as the battery swapping candidate. A battery remaining life (RUL) model is constructed, predicting battery life based on historical data and the current state of the battery, using an exponential decay model. ； in, Indicates the current remaining battery life; Indicates the initial rated life of the battery; Indicates the attenuation coefficient; Indicates the current charge / discharge cycle count; The power factor includes calculating the proportion of the remaining battery storage capacity. If it is lower than the minimum required capacity, it is marked as unavailable. If it is higher than the minimum required capacity, linear normalization is used to map the proportion to [0, 100]. Calculate the proportion, define: ； Set a minimum acceptable ratio ,like If the battery does not meet the requirements, it will be marked as unusable or assigned a score of 0. when At that time, Mapping to the scoring range of [0, 100]; setting the proportion corresponding to the full score as 1, the following linear mapping formula can be used: = 100 × ； The score is 0 when the remaining battery capacity is equal to the minimum requirement, and 100 when the maximum capacity is reached; the intermediate values ​​are linearly distributed. The temperature factor includes setting a safe upper limit for temperature using a piecewise linear scoring method. Set the ideal operating temperature That is, the lowest temperature that is desired to be achieved during trial charging; When the temperature is measured When the state is considered optimal, it is assigned a perfect score of 100. when When calculating using a linear descent method, Temperature factor: ； when If the temperature is below the ideal temperature, a score of 0 is assigned directly, and the battery is marked as unusable. A full score is awarded when the temperature is below the ideal temperature, with the temperature decreasing linearly between the ideal and safety thresholds. If the battery temperature exceeds the safety threshold during a test charge, the battery is marked as unusable. The monitoring and management via the Internet of Things includes reading the vehicle's QR code information, automatically querying the database to obtain the battery model and recommended battery swapping plan that are compatible with the current vehicle, and then intelligently matching the battery's remaining available capacity, health status, and historical vehicle usage data. Select battery swapping priorities based on user needs, including prioritizing long battery life and performance. The battery swapping station server calculates a battery swapping priority score for each vehicle based on the battery's temperature factor, capacity factor, health factor, and cost parameters, using the following formula: ； in, This indicates the current charging status of the battery, with the highest weight given to the option prioritizing long battery life. This indicates the battery's health status, with health taking the highest weight. This indicates the cost of battery use, with the highest weight given when economic considerations are prioritized. This indicates the current queuing time, which affects the battery swapping dispatch system's calculation of battery swapping priority scores. ; Based on user needs, select battery swapping priorities and adjust the weights of various components in the matching score to calculate the battery swapping priority score. Sort the battery swap request queue: ； High-priority users and health-priority users skip part of the waiting queue; low-priority users, long battery life and economy-priority users enter the waiting queue. If the battery swapping station does not have a fully matching battery in its inventory, the system will recommend a similar compatible model and perform a compatibility check. The intelligent matching includes calculating the degree of compatibility between each candidate battery and the requirements of the target vehicle. The core of the matching is to calculate the target vehicle... The battery demand is met, and the optimal batteries are selected from the battery swapping station's inventory. ; Battery matching degree calculation includes defining battery matching degree. As a vehicle and batteries Compatibility between them: ； in, Indicates battery Rated specifications and vehicle Degree of matching requirements; This indicates the battery's state of health (SOH). The formula is expressed as: ； in, Indicates the current remaining usable battery capacity. Indicates the new battery capacity; The current state of charge (SOC) of the battery is expressed by the formula: ； in, Indicates the current remaining battery power. This represents the total energy at full charge. This indicates the battery temperature condition matching degree, ensuring that the battery operating temperature is within a safe range.

2. The battery swapping method based on barcode scanning as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The stored battery and vehicle information includes installing chips on the battery and vehicle to store battery model, capacity, lifespan, number of charging cycles, load information, and vehicle VIN. The battery swapping station incorporates a built-in sensor network to monitor the charging area and battery status in real time, and collects temperature data. ,humidity Smoke concentration Moisture intrusion indicator The collected data is uploaded to a cloud database via the Internet of Things.

3. The battery swapping method based on barcode scanning as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The cloud server matching includes setting up a cloud database on the cloud server, connecting the vehicle IoT and automatic battery swapping stations, and storing battery standards of electric vehicle manufacturers, current market battery models, and battery parameter information suitable for each vehicle. The data acquisition layer includes sensor networks, cameras, and readers; The edge computing layer connects to the local server of the battery swapping station to process battery swapping needs; the cloud computing layer is responsible for vehicle and battery data storage, user battery swapping demand analysis, and vehicle battery swapping scheduling; the application service layer is responsible for battery swapping station management, including data interaction with the battery swapping APP and automatic battery swapping station operation and maintenance backend control. Users can remotely check battery status and schedule battery swaps through the vehicle network system of the battery swapping app.

4. The battery swapping method based on barcode scanning as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The process of receiving the battery swap instruction includes performing pre- and post-swap detection based on the battery information identified by scanning the code, and then executing the battery swap operation. Before replacement, check the condition of the electric vehicle's battery to be replaced to ensure safe disassembly; Scan the current battery, automatically detect the battery status, and confirm battery compatibility when replacing it. The system automatically unlocks the old battery, removes the battery to be replaced, and enters standby mode. It then receives the location information and operation instructions of the selected battery. The system checks the status of the mechanical equipment and only starts the battery swapping operation after confirming that there is no fault. Otherwise, it triggers a maintenance alarm and interrupts the operation.

5. The battery swapping method based on barcode scanning as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The automatic battery status detection at the battery swapping station includes, according to instructions, the automatic ejection mechanism of the battery swapping station starting to eject the selected rechargeable battery from the storage slot; After the battery is ejected, a sensor confirms whether the user has removed the battery and simultaneously detects the empty slot status. If the user fails to complete the removal operation within the specified time, the battery swapping station will relock the battery and prompt the user to reconfirm the removal operation; if the available slot is not detected correctly, the station will remain in a waiting state and issue an abnormal status notification. After the battery swap is completed, a second verification is performed to ensure that the new battery is a correct match; After replacement, the electric vehicle battery installation status was tested to confirm that the voltage and current were normal, thus avoiding the risk of short circuit. After the user removes the popped-out rechargeable battery, the depleted battery is inserted into the original empty slot. The internal sensor detects the identity and status of the inserted battery to be replaced. The safety protection module automatically performs a health assessment on the replaced battery. If it meets the safety standards, the charging management module performs the charging operation and uploads the data to the background control module for priority sorting. If the battery temperature exceeds the safe range or the charging current is abnormal during the charging process, the charging will be immediately interrupted, the system will enter a protection state, and an alarm will be triggered. If the inserted battery is found to be out of order, the safety protection module prompts the user to try again. If the try again fails or there is no response, the slot is locked for a safety check.

6. A system employing the battery swapping method based on barcode scanning identification as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include; The back-end control module integrates the processing of scanned information, battery status management, charging management, and battery allocation strategies, and performs automatic billing and payment settlement; the intelligent battery storage cabinet is equipped with multiple battery storage compartments, each with a battery status sensor to monitor battery voltage, power, and temperature in real time. The charging management module is equipped with a waterproof charging interface and adopts intelligent charging technology to monitor the temperature, voltage, and current of the battery in real time during the charging process; if abnormal temperature rise or abnormal voltage fluctuation is detected, the safety mechanism will be activated immediately. The safety protection module is equipped with an automatic power-off device and fire extinguishing equipment. When an abnormal battery temperature is detected, it will automatically activate the alarm, cut off the power, and extinguish the fire. The overall shell of the battery swapping station is made of heat insulation material, which keeps the battery warm in winter to ensure battery life and prevents the internal battery from overheating and exploding in summer. The battery recycling module includes a barcode scanning and identification unit. Users scan the barcode of the battery using their terminal devices, and the system automatically reads the battery ID, specifications, voltage, and charge status. Based on the calculation results of the background system, it automatically selects and removes the battery with the highest charge. After the user removes the battery, they insert the low-charge battery into the original empty slot, and automatic charging is started.

7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the battery swapping method based on barcode identification as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the battery swapping method based on barcode identification as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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