Rainy night self-powered flickering type safety warning device and self-regulation and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a flashing type safety warning device capable of being self-powered at a rainy night and a self-regulation and control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of safety warning equipment, the flashing type safety warning device comprises a triangular support, and the triangular support is provided with an energy collection substrate and an energy storage substrate; the energy collecting unit is installed on the upper end face of the energy collecting substrate and used for collecting electric energy in the natural dripping process of raindrops; the LED warning unit is mounted on the upper end surface of the energy storage substrate; through cooperative arrangement of the energy collection unit and the LED warning unit, energy of raindrop rolling friction can be used for generating electricity, pulse alternating current is supplied to the LED warning unit, the flickering warning function of the LED warning unit is achieved, complete autonomous power supply of the safety warning device can be achieved through utilization of natural raindrop kinetic energy, an external power source or a battery is not needed, and the safety warning device is convenient to use. And a warning function with a flickering effect is naturally formed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety warning devices, and particularly relates to a self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights and its self-regulation method. Background Art

[0002] Safety warning devices play a crucial role in fields such as transportation, outdoor operations, and disaster warnings. Especially at night in rainy weather environments, warning devices with lighting functions are commonly used. However, most traditional night warning devices rely on external power sources or batteries for power supply, and their limitations are more prominent in harsh environments such as rainy nights. Especially in remote areas, mountainous areas, or temporary construction sites, power supply facilities are often difficult to cover, resulting in the warning devices being unable to work properly and reliably. In addition, traditional power supply methods have problems such as high energy consumption, high maintenance costs, and frequent battery replacements, which not only increase the usage cost but also may cause environmental pollution due to improper disposal of waste batteries.

[0003] Traditional night warning devices have the following systematic defects: The reflective label type safety warning device completely relies on external light sources. In rainy night environments, the coverage of rainwater on the reflective surface will cause the reflected light intensity to weaken and lose the warning effect; The power grid-dependent night safety warning device has extremely high deployment costs in remote areas and is vulnerable to lightning strikes and rain erosion, resulting in failures. For example, the road construction data in Yunnan Province, China in 2022 shows that the failure rate of traditional power grid warning lights is as high as 52% during the rainy season; The solar type safety warning device has insufficient energy storage in continuous rainy weather, and in order to increase the flashing warning effect, additional complex control circuits need to be added to make the warning device emit flashing lights. Therefore, a self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights and its self-regulation method are needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights and its self-regulation method to solve the problems existing in the prior art as mentioned in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights, comprising:

[0007] A triangular support, on which an energy collection substrate and an energy storage substrate are installed;

[0008] An energy collection unit, which is installed on the upper end surface of the energy collection substrate and is used for collecting electric energy during the natural dripping process of raindrops;

[0009] The LED warning unit is installed on the upper end face of the energy storage substrate. The LED warning unit can blink by using the electric energy obtained by the energy collection unit to realize the warning and reminder function;

[0010] The energy storage unit is installed on the lower end face of the energy storage substrate. The energy storage unit is used to store the electric energy collected by the energy collection unit and supply power to the LED warning unit;

[0011] The switch control unit is electrically connected to the circuits of the energy collection unit, the LED warning unit and the energy storage unit, and is used to automatically control the working state of the LED warning unit and the charge and discharge state of the energy storage unit according to the environmental conditions.

[0012] Preferably, the energy collection unit includes a lower layer electrode, a friction layer and an upper layer electrode. The lower layer electrode is located on the upper surface of the energy collection substrate. The lower layer electrode uses a high conductivity metal film as the bottom electrode for the conduction of free charges;

[0013] The friction layer is located on the upper surface of the lower layer electrode. The friction layer is a high-density charge insulating film made by the spin coating process for contact friction power generation with raindrops;

[0014] The upper layer electrode is located on the upper surface of the friction layer. The upper layer electrode uses a high conductivity metal wire as the electrode for the conduction of charges after friction power generation and forms a circuit with the lower layer electrode.

[0015] Preferably, the number of the LED warning units is the same as that of the energy collection units. Each LED warning unit is connected to the corresponding energy collection unit by an enameled wire to form a distributed modular connection method.

[0016] Preferably, the upper end face of the energy collection substrate is provided with a transverse water trough and a longitudinal water trough. The transverse water trough and the longitudinal water trough are located between the energy collection units to play a role in guiding rainwater.

[0017] Preferably, the energy storage unit includes a rectifier voltage stabilizing circuit and a super capacitor. The rectifier voltage stabilizing circuit rectifies and stabilizes the pulsed alternating current generated by the energy collection unit and then charges the super capacitor. The super capacitor is used to store electric energy.

[0018] Preferably, the switch control unit includes photosensitive switches k1, k2, k3 and a rain control switch k4. The photosensitive switch k1 is connected to the circuits of the energy collection unit and the energy storage unit. The photosensitive switch k1 is connected to the circuits of the energy collection unit and the LED warning unit. The photosensitive switch k3 and the rain control switch k4 are connected in series to the circuit between the energy storage unit and the LED warning unit.

[0019] Preferably, the cross-sectional structure of the horizontal water groove is set as a right triangle, and the cross-sectional structure of the vertical water groove is set as an isosceles triangle.

[0020] A self-regulation method for a rain-night self-powered flashing safety warning device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: In the case of rain during the day, the photosensitive switch k1 automatically closes, the photosensitive switch k2 automatically disconnects, the photosensitive switch k3 automatically disconnects, and the energy collection unit is only connected to the energy storage unit for charging, realizing automatic energy storage during the day;

[0022] S2: In the case of rain at night, the photosensitive switch k2 automatically closes, the energy collection unit is connected to the LED warning unit to realize the flashing of the LED warning unit; the photosensitive switch k3 automatically closes, the rain control switch k4 automatically closes, and the energy storage unit is automatically connected to the LED warning unit to realize the auxiliary constant lighting of the LED warning unit; the photosensitive switch k1 automatically disconnects, and the energy storage unit stops charging;

[0023] S3: In special cases such as when the energy storage unit is undercharged, in areas with less rainfall, and with a high frequency of short-term heavy rainfall, in the case of rain at night, the LED warning unit receives the electric energy generated by the energy collection unit for flashing, and the brightness and frequency of the flashing positively follow the intensity of the rain, and self-regulation is carried out by using the natural properties of raindrops.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. Through the cooperative setting of the energy collection unit and the LED warning unit, the present invention can generate electricity by using the energy of raindrop rolling friction, supply pulsed alternating current to the LED warning unit, and realize the flashing warning function of the LED warning unit. The utilization of natural raindrop kinetic energy can achieve the complete autonomous power supply of the safety warning device, without the need for an external power source or battery, and naturally form a warning function with a flashing effect.

[0026] 2. Through the cooperative setting of the energy collection unit, the LED warning unit and the energy storage unit, the present invention can store the electric energy collected by the energy collection unit in the case of rain during the day, and enable the energy storage unit to supply constant power to the LED warning unit in the rain-night environment, especially in the case where the energy collection unit is insufficient to supply power to the LED warning unit in a light rain environment, improving the reliability of the warning device.

[0027] 3. By installing a switch control unit on the circuits of the energy harvesting unit, the LED warning unit, and the energy storage unit, the present invention automatically controls the working state of the LED warning unit and the charging and discharging states of the energy storage unit according to the environmental conditions, without the need for manual control, making the use of this safety warning device more convenient. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a single energy harvesting unit of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structures of the horizontal water trough and the vertical water trough of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage unit of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the switch control unit of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 It is a flowchart of the working state of the present invention when the energy storage unit is disconnected or undercharged.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a graph of the test data of the electric energy harvesting of the energy harvesting unit of the present invention under rainy conditions.

[0035] In the figure: 001, triangular support; 002, energy harvesting unit; 003, LED warning unit; 004, energy harvesting substrate; 005, energy storage substrate; 006, energy storage unit; 007, enameled wire; 201, lower electrode; 202, friction layer; 203, upper electrode; 401, horizontal water trough; 402, vertical water trough; 601, rectifying and voltage stabilizing circuit; 602, super capacitor. Detailed Embodiments

[0036] To make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes, and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1-7 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0038] A self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights, comprising: a triangular support 001, on which an energy harvesting substrate 004 and an energy storage substrate 005 are installed. The energy harvesting substrate 004 and the energy storage substrate 005 are installed on the triangular support 001 inclined relative to the horizontal plane, facilitating the smooth sliding of rainwater from the surface of the energy harvesting unit 002.

[0039] On the upper end face of the energy harvesting substrate 004, a transverse water groove 401 and a longitudinal water groove 402 are provided. The transverse water groove 401 and the longitudinal water groove 402 are located between the respective energy harvesting units 002 and play a role in guiding rainwater; the cross-sectional structure of the transverse water groove 401 is set to a right triangle, and the cross-sectional structure of the longitudinal water groove 402 is set to an isosceles triangle. This structure design with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part facilitates the rapid and efficient flow of rainwater through each energy harvesting unit 002, speeds up the flow rate of rainwater, and improves the conversion rate of rainwater energy.

[0040] Energy harvesting unit 002, the energy harvesting unit 002 is installed on the upper end face of the energy harvesting substrate 004 and is used for collecting electric energy during the natural dripping process of raindrops; the energy harvesting unit 002 includes a lower layer electrode 201, a friction layer 202, and an upper layer electrode 203. The lower layer electrode 201 is located on the upper surface of the energy harvesting substrate 004. The lower layer electrode 201 uses a high-conductivity metal film as the bottom electrode for the conduction of free charges; the lower layer electrode 201 uses low-cost aluminum foil for storing and releasing charges, forms a closed electrical circuit with the upper layer electrode 203 when raindrops fall, and enables the low-cost large-scale preparation of the energy harvesting unit 002. Aluminum, as a high-conductivity metal material, can significantly reduce the resistance loss during the charge transfer process and ensure the efficiency of charge transfer.

[0041] The friction layer 202 is located on the upper surface of the lower layer electrode 201. The friction layer 202 is a high-density charge insulating film made by a spin coating process and is used for contact friction power generation with raindrops; the lower layer electrode 201 and the friction layer 202 have the same size and are strictly aligned. The length of the aluminum wire corresponding to the upper layer electrode 203 is one-third of the width of the friction layer 202, and is parallel to the bottom edge of the friction layer 202 and is at a distance of one-third from the bottom edge; the friction layer 202 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material with a high charge density and wear resistance, and a PTFE film with strong hydrophobicity is obtained as the friction layer 202 through the spin coating process. The spin coating process on the one hand ensures the rapid sliding of raindrops after dripping, and on the other hand effectively prevents the formation of a water film on the surface of the PTFE film in a high-humidity environment.

[0042] The upper layer electrode 203 is located on the upper surface of the friction layer 202. The upper layer electrode 203 uses a high-conductivity metal wire as the electrode for the conduction of charges after friction power generation and forms a circuit with the lower layer electrode 201; the upper layer electrode 203 uses high-conductivity metal aluminum wire to ensure the efficiency of charge transfer from the raindrop to the lower layer electrode 201 when they come into contact.

[0043] The LED warning unit 003 is installed on the upper end face of the energy storage substrate 005. The LED warning unit 003 can blink by using the electric energy obtained by the energy collection unit 002 to achieve the warning reminder function. The LED warning unit 003 is composed of several LED warning light columns. In addition to the planar array form, a circular curved surface array can also be adopted, and it is evenly arranged on a hemispherical or ice cream cone-shaped substrate at a certain inclination angle to ensure that the light can be seen from all directions. The LED warning lights can be composed of LED warning lights that emit yellow light, which is used to enhance the penetration of the warning lights in rainy and foggy weather.

[0044] The number of the LED warning units 003 is the same as that of the energy collection units 002. Each LED warning unit 003 is connected to the corresponding energy collection unit 002 by an enameled wire 007 to form a distributed modular connection method. This setting method ensures the overall reliability of the safety warning device. The failure of a single module does not affect the overall warning effect. In addition, the enameled wire 007 passes through the through holes on the energy collection and energy collection substrates 004 and the energy storage substrate 005 and is wired behind the two substrates to avoid affecting the flow of rainwater.

[0045] The energy storage unit 006 is installed on the lower end face of the energy storage substrate 005. The energy storage unit 006 is used to store the electric energy collected by the energy collection unit 002 and is used to supply power to the LED warning unit 003 to achieve the constant lighting assistance of the LED warning unit 003. The energy storage unit 006 includes a rectifier voltage regulator circuit 601 and a super capacitor 602. The rectifier voltage regulator circuit 601 rectifies and stabilizes the pulsed alternating current generated by the energy collection unit 002 and then charges the super capacitor 602. The super capacitor 602 is used to store electric energy.

[0046] The switch control unit is electrically connected to the circuits of the energy collection unit 002, the LED warning unit 003, and the energy storage unit 006, and is used to automatically control the working state of the LED warning unit 003 and the charge and discharge state of the energy storage unit 006 according to the environmental conditions. The switch control unit includes photosensitive switches k1, k2, k3, and a rain control switch k4. The photosensitive switch k1 is connected to the circuits of the energy collection unit 002 and the energy storage unit 006. The photosensitive switch k1 is connected to the circuits of the energy collection unit 002 and the LED warning unit 003. The photosensitive switch k3 and the rain control switch k4 are connected in series to the circuit between the energy storage unit 006 and the LED warning unit 003.

[0047] When it rains during the day, the photosensitive switch causes the LED warning unit 003 to be de-energized. The rectifier voltage regulator circuit 601 converts the pulsed alternating current excited by raindrops in the energy collection unit 002 into direct current and stores it in the energy storage unit 006.

[0048] When it rains at night, the photosensitive switch causes the energy storage unit 006 to be de-energized. The pulsed alternating current excited by raindrops in the energy collection unit 002 drives the LED warning unit 003 to flash. At the same time, the rain control switch and the photosensitive switch ensure that the energy storage unit 006 provides a basic voltage for the LED warning unit 003 to maintain a constant value. Based on the superposition principle, the LED warning unit 003 can enhance its flashing warning function on the basis of the brightness of the basic voltage. Moreover, the greater and more urgent the rainfall, the faster the flashing frequency and the higher the brightness. In addition, during light rain at night, the raindrops are not sufficient to directly drive the LED warning unit 003 to flash, and the energy storage unit 006 releases energy to keep the LED warning unit 003 constantly on, forming a basic constant-on state for warning.

[0049] In special cases such as when the energy storage unit 006 is undercharged, in areas with less rainfall, and with a high frequency of short-term heavy rainfall, as Figure 6 shown, the energy collection unit 002 is directly connected to the LED warning unit 003. In rainy night conditions, the LED warning unit 003 directly receives the electric energy generated by the energy collection unit 002 to achieve lighting and flashing. The brightness and frequency of the flashing are directly proportional to the intensity of the rain, that is, the greater and more urgent the rain, the brighter and faster the LED warning light flashes, using the natural properties of raindrops for autonomous control without switch settings.

[0050] After testing, in the case of moderate rain or above (water droplet diameter greater than 2 mm, falling speed greater than 7.53 m / s), the LED warning unit 003 is excited to flash (the forward voltage of the LED warning unit 003 is 2.0 - 2.2 V). To further give quantitative indicators, the corresponding test data are as Figure 7 (a), the pulsed voltage is generally greater than 7 V. At the same time, to rectify the AC pulsed electrical signal, a corresponding full-wave bridge rectifier voltage regulator circuit 601 is designed. After testing, a regulated DC electrical signal that meets the charging requirements (the stability of intermittent operation during the 45 s to 80 s period when the low-drop test is stopped) can be obtained, as Figure 7 (b), and then the electrical energy storage is realized to provide electrical energy for the auxiliary constant-on state of the LED warning unit 003.

[0051] The present invention also provides a self-regulation method for a self-powered flashing safety warning device on a rainy night, including the following steps:

[0052] S1: Under the condition of rain during the day, the photosensitive switch k1 automatically closes, the photosensitive switch k2 automatically opens, the photosensitive switch k3 automatically opens, and the energy harvesting unit 002 is only connected to the energy storage unit 006 for charging, realizing automatic enabling of energy storage during the day;

[0053] S2: Under the condition of rain at night, the photosensitive switch k2 automatically closes, and the energy harvesting unit 002 is connected to the LED warning unit 003 to make the LED warning unit 003 flash; the photosensitive switch k3 automatically closes, the rain control switch k4 automatically closes, and the energy storage unit 006 is automatically connected to the LED warning unit 003 to make the LED warning unit 003 glow constantly as an auxiliary; the photosensitive switch k1 automatically opens, and the energy storage unit 006 stops charging;

[0054] S3: In special cases such as when the energy storage unit 006 is undercharged, in areas with less rainfall, and with a high frequency of short-term heavy rainfall, in the case of rainy nights, the LED warning unit 003 receives the electric energy generated by the energy harvesting unit 002 to flash, and the brightness and frequency of the flash positively follow the intensity of the rain, and self-regulation is carried out by using the natural properties of raindrops.

[0055] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights, characterized in that, Comprising: A triangular support (001), on which an energy harvesting substrate (004) and an energy storage substrate (005) are mounted; An energy harvesting unit (002), which is mounted on the upper end face of the energy harvesting substrate (004) and is used for harvesting electric energy during the natural dripping process of raindrops; An LED warning unit (003), which is mounted on the upper end face of the energy storage substrate (005), and the LED warning unit (003) can blink by using the electric energy obtained by the energy harvesting unit (002) to realize the warning reminder function; An energy storage unit (006), which is mounted on the lower end face of the energy storage substrate (005), and the energy storage unit (006) is used for storing the electric energy harvested by the energy harvesting unit (002) and for supplying power to the LED warning unit (003); A switch control unit, which is electrically connected to the circuits of the energy harvesting unit (002), the LED warning unit (003) and the energy storage unit (006), and is used for automatically controlling the working state of the LED warning unit (003) and the charge and discharge state of the energy storage unit (006) according to the environmental conditions.

2. The flashing type safety warning device powered by itself on rainy nights and its self-regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy harvesting unit (002) includes a lower layer electrode (201), a friction layer (202) and an upper layer electrode (203). The lower layer electrode (201) is located on the upper surface of the energy harvesting substrate (004), and the lower layer electrode (201) uses a high conductivity metal film as the bottom electrode for the conduction of free charges; The friction layer (202) is located on the upper surface of the lower layer electrode (201), and the friction layer (202) is a high density charge insulating film made by a spin coating process for contact friction power generation with raindrops; The upper layer electrode (203) is located on the upper surface of the friction layer (202), and the upper layer electrode (203) uses a high conductivity metal wire as the electrode for the conduction of charges after friction power generation, forming a loop with the lower layer electrode (201).

3. A flashing type safety warning device powered by itself on rainy nights and its self-regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the LED warning units (003) is the same as that of the energy harvesting units (002). Each LED warning unit (003) is connected to the corresponding energy harvesting unit (002) by an enameled wire (007) to form a distributed modular connection mode.

4. A flashing type safety warning device powered by itself on rainy nights and its self-regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the upper end face of the energy harvesting substrate (004), a transverse water trough (401) and a longitudinal water trough (402) are provided. The transverse water trough (401) and the longitudinal water trough (402) are located between the respective energy harvesting units (002) to play a role in guiding rainwater.

5. A self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights and its self-regulation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage unit (006) includes a rectifier voltage stabilizing circuit (601) and a super capacitor (602). The rectifier voltage stabilizing circuit (601) rectifies and stabilizes the pulsed alternating current generated by the energy harvesting unit (002), and then charges the super capacitor (602). The super capacitor (602) is used for storing electric energy.

6. The self-powered flashing safety warning device and its self-regulation method in rainy night according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch control unit includes photosensitive switches k1, k2, k3 and a rain control switch k4. The photosensitive switch k1 is connected to the loop between the energy collection unit (002) and the energy storage unit (006), and the photosensitive switch k1 is connected to the loop between the energy collection unit (002) and the LED warning unit (003). The photosensitive switch k3 and the rain control switch k4 are connected in series to the loop between the energy storage unit (006) and the LED warning unit (003).

7. A self-powered flashing safety warning device for rainy nights and its self-regulation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-sectional structure shape of the transverse water trough (401) is set as a right triangle, and the cross-sectional structure shape of the longitudinal water trough (402) is set as an isosceles triangle.

8. A self-regulation method for a rain-night self-powered flashing safety warning device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Under the condition of rain during the day, the photosensitive switch k1 automatically closes, the photosensitive switch k2 automatically opens, the photosensitive switch k3 automatically opens, and the energy collection unit (002) is only connected to the energy storage unit (006) for charging, realizing automatic energy storage activation during the day; S2: Under the condition of rain at night, the photosensitive switch k2 automatically closes, the energy collection unit (002) is connected to the LED warning unit (003) to make the LED warning unit (003) flash; the photosensitive switch k3 automatically closes, the rain control switch k4 automatically closes, and the energy storage unit (006) is automatically connected to the LED warning unit (003) to make the LED warning unit assist in staying on constantly; the photosensitive switch k1 automatically opens, and the energy storage unit (006) stops charging; S3: Under special conditions such as the energy storage unit (006) being undercharged, in areas with less rainfall, and high frequency of short-term heavy rainfall, in the case of a rainy night, the LED warning unit (003) receives the electric energy generated by the energy collection unit (002) to flash, and the brightness and frequency of the flash positively follow the intensity of the rain, and self-regulation is carried out using the natural properties of raindrops.

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