Device for intelligently tracking sun to obtain solar energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy, and relates to the technical field of solar energy obtaining direction control, the device comprises a lighting assembly, the lighting assembly comprises a bearing part and a lighting component, the bearing part is rotatably connected to a connecting point of main equipment, the lighting component is rotatably connected to the bearing part, and the lighting component is rotatably connected to the bearing part; the two-degree-of-freedom combined rotation of the bearing part and the lighting part realizes the control of the direction of the lighting part; the driving assembly is mounted on the main body equipment and the bearing part and is used for driving the bearing part and the lighting part to rotate; the position of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted in a comprehensive rotation mode of the bearing part and the lighting part, and the rotation axes of the bearing part and the lighting part both pass through respective gravity centers, so that the rotating part is in a suspended state and cannot be influenced by gravity deviating to a certain side during rotation, and compared with a traditional position adjusting structure, the position adjusting structure is more convenient to use. The device consumes low energy for adjusting the photovoltaic panel, and is more energy-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solar energy acquisition direction control, and particularly to a device for intelligently tracking the sun to acquire solar energy. Background Art

[0002] Solar energy devices are commonly used for power supply of satellites and spacecrafts, and are also used on the tops of environment-friendly vehicles, or to provide power for spacecrafts. Solar energy lighting and heating are also very common. If solar energy devices can follow the movement of the sun, just like sunflowers, more solar energy can be collected, which is of great significance for making full use of solar energy.

[0003] The movement of solar energy devices following the sun requires energy consumption. It is very important to drive solar energy devices to track the sun with as small a force and power as possible. For example, a solar panel direction control device disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN203287779U with a publication date of November 13, 2013 is a control method commonly used in the prior art: one end of a photovoltaic panel is hinged to a bracket, and the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted by driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the hinge point, and then the direction of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted by controlling the overall rotation of the photovoltaic panel and the bracket. When this adjustment method is applied to some large-area photovoltaic panels, more energy needs to be consumed to overcome the gravity of the photovoltaic panel for driving, and the energy consumption required to adjust the position of the photovoltaic panel is relatively large; in addition, the use of light spots to identify the sun position is used in the solar energy device following technology, but the existing light spot acquisition components have poor acquisition accuracy when the light is weak, which affects the following accuracy of solar energy devices, and when the light is strong, the strong light irradiating on the photosensitive sensor is likely to cause the photosensitive sensor to burn out. Therefore, a device for intelligently tracking the sun to acquire solar energy is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for intelligently tracking the sun to acquire solar energy, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art proposed in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for intelligently tracking the sun to acquire solar energy, comprising: A lighting component, the lighting component includes a load-bearing member and a lighting member, the load-bearing member is rotatably connected to a connection point of the main body device, the lighting member is rotatably connected to the load-bearing member, and the two-degree-of-freedom combined rotation of the load-bearing member and the lighting member realizes the control of the direction of the lighting member; A driving component, the driving component is installed on the main body device and the load-bearing member, and is used to drive the load-bearing member and the lighting member to rotate; Spot collection component, the spot collection component includes a container and a photosensitive sensor, a light inlet hole is opened on the surface of the container, and the photosensitive sensor is installed at the bottom of the container; Control component, the control component is used to calculate and process the spot signal collected by the spot collection component, and control the driving component to change the position of the daylighting component so that the daylighting component faces the sun.

[0006] Preferably, the axis of rotation of the load-bearing member at the connection point passes through the center of gravity of the load-bearing member and its attached components as a whole.

[0007] Preferably, the daylighting component includes a mounting bracket and a photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is installed on the mounting bracket, a positioning shaft is provided on the mounting bracket, the mounting bracket is rotatably connected to the load-bearing member through the positioning shaft, the daylighting surface of the photovoltaic panel is inclined relative to the positioning shaft, and the axis of the positioning shaft passes through the center of gravity of the daylighting component.

[0008] Preferably, a convex lens is installed at the light inlet hole on the surface of the container, and the convex lens is made of color-changing glass.

[0009] Preferably, a tensioning member or a limiting member is provided at the non-installed end of the load-bearing member.

[0010] Preferably, the structural shape of the photovoltaic panel is set as a rectangle or a triangle.

[0011] Preferably, the container is composed of a circular bottom surface and a spherical arc surface, the light inlet hole is arranged on the spherical arc surface of the container, and the number of the light inlet holes is set to be more than two.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention adjusts the position of the photovoltaic panel by comprehensively rotating the load-bearing member and the daylighting component, and the rotation axes of both pass through their respective centers of gravity, so that the rotating components are in a suspended state and will not be affected by gravity to deviate to one side during rotation. Compared with the traditional position adjustment structure, the energy consumed by the device for adjusting the photovoltaic panel is lower and it is more energy-saving.

[0013] 2. The present invention installs a color-changing convex lens on the light inlet hole of the container. In the case of weak light, the convex lens can achieve the function of concentrating sunlight, ensuring that the photosensitive sensor at the bottom of the container receives sufficient light, making the moving tracking position of the photovoltaic panel more accurate. When the sunlight is strong, the color of the convex lens automatically becomes darker, the intensity of the light that can pass through becomes weaker, and it plays a protective role for the photosensitive sensor. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the daylighting component of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention with a tensioning member.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention with a limiting member.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention where the photovoltaic panel is triangular.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention where the connection point is below the load-bearing member.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the light spot collection component of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the convex lens of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the photosensitive sensor of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Connection point; 2. Load-bearing member; 3. Driving torque M1; 4. Daylighting component; 41. Installation bracket; 42. Photovoltaic panel; 5. Driving torque M2; 6. Positioning shaft; 7. Tensioning member; 8. Limiting member; 9. Support point; 10. Sunlight; 11. Light inlet hole; 12. Container; 13. Light spot; 14. Bottom of the container; 15. Photosensitive sensor; 16. Convex lens. Specific implementation manners

[0024] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-9 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy, comprising: A daylighting component, the daylighting component includes a load-bearing member 2 and a daylighting component 4, the load-bearing member 2 is rotatably connected to the connection point 1 of the main device, the daylighting component 4 is rotatably connected to the load-bearing member 2, and the two-degree-of-freedom combined rotation of the load-bearing member 2 and the daylighting component 4 realizes the control of the direction of the daylighting component 4; The axis of rotation of the load-bearing member 2 at the connection point 1 passes through the center of gravity of the load-bearing member 2 and its attached components. The purpose of this setting is that when the load-bearing member 2 rotates, it will not be affected by the gravity of the load-bearing member 2 and its attached components, and only a relatively small driving torque M13 is required to drive the rotation of the load-bearing member 2, consuming less energy.

[0026] A tension member 7 or a limiting member 8 is provided at the non-mounted end of the load-bearing member 2. It is installed on the main equipment through the tension member 7 or the limiting member 8 and is used to fix the non-mounted end of the load-bearing member 2 to prevent the load-bearing member 2 from shaking or deforming. When the load-bearing member 2 is a flexible body, the tension member 7 can be used; when the load-bearing member 2 is a rigid body, the limiting member 8 is used.

[0027] The lighting component 4 includes a mounting bracket 41 and a photovoltaic panel 42. The photovoltaic panel 42 is installed on the mounting bracket 41. A positioning shaft 6 is provided on the mounting bracket 41. The mounting bracket 41 is rotatably connected to the load-bearing member 2 through the positioning shaft 6. The lighting surface of the photovoltaic panel 42 is inclined relative to the positioning shaft 6. The purpose of this inclined setting is that when the lighting component 4 rotates as a whole, the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel 42 can be adjusted, replacing the traditional structure of directly driving the pitch movement of the photovoltaic panel 42 by setting a hinge point on the photovoltaic panel 42. The axis of the positioning shaft 6 passes through the center of gravity of the lighting component 4. The purpose of this setting is that when the lighting component 4 rotates, it is not affected by its own gravity, and only a relatively small driving torque M25 is required to drive the rotation of the lighting component 4, consuming less energy.

[0028] The structural shape of the photovoltaic panel 42 is set to be rectangular or triangular. According to the structure of the main equipment and the requirements of the use scenario, the photovoltaic panel 42 can be set to any shape, as long as the axis of the positioning shaft 6 passes through the center of gravity of the lighting component 4. In this device, the load-bearing member 2 can also adopt the installation method Figure 6 shown in which the support point 9 is below the load-bearing member 2.

[0029] A drive assembly is installed on the main equipment and the load-bearing member 2 and is used to drive the rotation of the load-bearing member 2 and the lighting component 4. The drive assembly can be a motor, and the motor can limit the random rotation of the load-bearing member 2 and the lighting component 4.

[0030] Spot collection component. The spot collection component includes a container 12 and a photosensitive sensor 15. An incident light hole 11 is provided on the surface of the container 12, and the photosensitive sensor 15 is installed at the bottom 14 of the container 12; a convex lens 16 is installed at the incident light hole 11 on the surface of the container 12, and the convex lens 16 is made of color-changing glass; in the case of weak light, the convex lens 16 can achieve the function of condensing sunlight 10, ensuring that the photosensitive sensor 15 on the bottom 14 of the container can receive sufficient light, making the moving tracking position of the photovoltaic panel 42 more accurate; in addition, when the sunlight 10 is relatively strong, since the convex lens 16 is made of color-changing glass, the color of the convex lens 16 automatically becomes darker, and the intensity of the light that can pass through becomes weaker. This design can prevent the photosensitive sensor 15 on the bottom 14 of the container from being burned out after strong light passes through the convex lens 16, playing a protective role for the photosensitive sensor 15.

[0031] The container 12 is composed of a circular bottom surface and a spherical arc surface. The incident light hole 11 is provided on the spherical arc surface of the container 12, and the number of the incident light holes 11 is set to be more than two. Setting multiple incident light holes 11 can comprehensively determine the rotation angle of the driving component according to the positions of multiple spots 13, making the position adjustment more accurate.

[0032] Control component. The control component is used to calculate and process the spot signals collected by the spot collection component, and control the driving component to change the position of the lighting component so that the lighting component 4 faces the sun; after the sunlight 10 passes through the incident light hole 11, spots 13 are formed. The shape of the spots 13 is generally an ellipse. The following introduces the process of finding the center point of the ellipse: The standard equation of the ellipse is . Suppose the ellipse is translated m units to the right and n units upward. According to the parallel axis formula the equation of the ellipse after translation is: (1) Suppose the ellipse in the standard form is rotated counterclockwise by an angle . According to the rotation axis formula the equation of the ellipse after rotation is: (2) According to the parallel axis and rotation axis formulas, the coordinate transformation formula with both translation and rotation can be obtained as (3) Substitute the above formula into the standard equation of the ellipse to obtain the equation of the ellipse after translation by m, n and rotation by angle as (4) From the above formula, the general equation of the ellipse can be obtained as (5) To obtain the coefficients in the equation, the discrete points on the edge of the light spot are processed by least squares. Since the points on the ellipse meet the conditions , the coefficients can be determined by finding the minimum value of the objective function formula (6).

[0033] (6) According to the extreme value principle, to make the value minimum, there must be the relationship shown in formula (7): (7) From this, a system of linear equations can be obtained. Then, by solving the system of linear equations, the values of the coefficients A, B, C, D, E, and F can be obtained. Furthermore, the major axis 2a, minor axis 2b, and area πab of the ellipse can be calculated. Through mathematical derivation, the geometric center of the ellipse is calculated by formula (8): (8) The major axis a and minor axis b of the ellipse are calculated by formula (9): (9) When , the calculation formula for the angle θ between the major axis of the ellipse and the X-axis of the coordinate system is (10) When , the angle θ between the major axis of the ellipse and the X-axis of the coordinate system is (11) Through the above method, the parameters of the fitted ellipse are obtained.

[0034] The following gives the proofs of formulas (8) to (11), that is, the solution processes for the center, major and minor axes, and inclination angle of the ellipse.

[0035] Previously, the general equation of the ellipse has been obtained, as shown in formula (12): (12) The following finds the center, major axis, minor axis, and inclination angle of the ellipse based on the general equation of the ellipse.

[0036] Let represent the coordinates of the center of the ellipse respectively. The ellipse equation is transformed into (13) Let be (14) It can be obtained that (15) Equation (15) should be consistent with the general equation of the ellipse, and the quadratic terms, linear terms, and constant terms of the two should be equal. Comparing the coefficients of the linear terms gives (16) Solving the above equation gives the geometric center of the ellipse as (17) Geometrically, the necessary and sufficient condition for equation (12) to be an ellipse is (18) Writing equation (12) in quadratic form (19) where (20) The matrix of the quadratic form has eigenvalues (21) When θ represents an angle, the corresponding eigenvectors can be expressed as (22) 1) When , (23) 2) When B = 0 and A > C, (24) At this time, .

[0037] 3) When B = 0 and A < C, (25) At this time, , .

[0038] When , the ellipse degenerates into a circle.

[0039] Let (26) Then equation (12) can be transformed into equation (27): (27) That is, where (28) And, are the lengths of the major semi - axis and minor semi - axis of the ellipse.

[0040] The direction vector of the straight line where the major axis lies is (29) In formula (23), indicates that here is the angle between the major axis and the positive direction of the axis (major axis inclination angle), and this angle is determined by formula (23). In formula (23), when is the case, there is and at this time (30) When is the case, there is (31) The above is the solution process for the center of the ellipse, the major and minor axes, and the inclination angle. According to the obtained ellipse parameters of the light spot edge and the position of the light inlet hole 11, the azimuth angle of the light can be solved, and the driving component can be controlled according to the azimuth angle of the light so that the device can track the sun.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy, characterized in that, Including: A daylighting component, the daylighting component includes a load-bearing member (2) and a daylighting member (4), the load-bearing member (2) is rotatably connected to the connection point (1) of the main device, the daylighting member (4) is rotatably connected to the load-bearing member (2), and the two-degree-of-freedom combined rotation of the load-bearing member (2) and the daylighting member (4) realizes the control of the direction of the daylighting member (4); A driving component, the driving component is installed on the main device and the load-bearing member (2), and is used to drive the load-bearing member (2) and the daylighting member (4) to rotate; A light spot acquisition component, the light spot acquisition component includes a container (12) and a photosensitive sensor (15), a light inlet hole (11) is formed on the surface of the container (12), and the photosensitive sensor (15) is installed at the bottom (14) position of the container (12); A control component, the control component is used to calculate and process the light spot signal collected by the light spot acquisition component, and control the driving component to change the position of the daylighting component, so that the daylighting member (4) faces the sun.

2. The device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axis of rotation of the load-bearing member (2) on the connection point (1) passes through the center of gravity of the load-bearing member (2) and its attached components as a whole.

3. The device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The daylighting member (4) includes a mounting bracket (41) and a photovoltaic panel (42), the photovoltaic panel (42) is installed on the mounting bracket (41), a positioning shaft (6) is provided on the mounting bracket (41), and the mounting bracket (41) is rotatably connected to the load-bearing member (2) through the positioning shaft (6), the daylighting surface of the photovoltaic panel (42) is inclined relative to the positioning shaft (6), and the axis of the positioning shaft (6) passes through the center of gravity of the daylighting member (4).

4. The device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy according to claim 1, wherein: A convex lens (16) is installed at the light inlet hole (11) on the surface of the container (12), and the convex lens (16) is made of variable-color glass.

5. The device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tensioning member (7) or a limiting member (8) is provided at the non-installed end of the load-bearing member (2).

6. The device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy according to claim 3, wherein: The structural shape of the photovoltaic panel (42) is set as a rectangle or a triangle.

7. The device for intelligently tracking the sun to obtain solar energy according to claim 1, wherein: The container (12) is composed of a circular bottom surface and a spherical arc surface, the light inlet hole (11) is arranged on the spherical arc surface of the container (12), and the number of the light inlet holes (11) is set to be more than two.

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