Shore ship communication channel modeling method, device, medium and product

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly provides a shore ship communication channel modeling method, device, medium and product, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a three-dimensional space model of shore ship communication, the three-dimensional space model comprises a transmitting end, a receiving end, a sea level, a shoreside shielding object, an evaporation waveguide and an AIRS; based on a cluster delay line channel model, respectively determining the sea level, the shoreside shelter and the evaporation waveguide as scatterer clusters, and generating distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters in a shore ship communication channel established based on a three-dimensional space model, the shore ship communication channel comprises at least two communication paths of an AIRS virtual direct path, a single hop path, an AIRS virtual single hop path and an AIRS virtual double hop path; on the basis of the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters, constructing an impulse response function of the shore ship communication channel; the communication quality can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a shore-ship communication channel modeling method, device, medium, and product. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of various fields such as modern fishery, ocean observation and monitoring, offshore oil and gas exploration and development, and ocean transportation, ocean activities are becoming increasingly frequent. In order to ensure efficient and reliable communication between a receiving end in the sea area and a transmitting end on the shore, it is particularly important to establish a reliable shore-ship communication channel to improve the performance of the ocean communication system.

[0003] In the related art, in the shore-ship communication scenario, the influence of the objects around the shore transmitting end, the objects around the receiving end, and the sea surface reflection can be considered to construct a shore-ship communication channel for communication; among them, the communication paths in the shore-ship communication channel are usually the communication paths from the transmitting end to the receiving end through the objects around the transmitting end, the objects around the receiving end, and the sea surface respectively.

[0004] However, the shore-ship communication channel modeling scheme provided in the related art only considers the influence of the objects around the transmitting end, the objects around the receiving end, and the sea surface reflection on shore-ship communication, resulting in a poor quality of the constructed shore-ship communication channel, which affects the reliability and efficiency of shore-ship communication. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present disclosure is proposed. The present disclosure provides a shore-ship communication channel modeling method, device, medium, and product, which improves the matching degree of the constructed shore-ship communication channel with the actual situation, so as to improve the communication quality.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a shore-ship communication channel modeling method, including:

[0007] Constructing a three-dimensional space model for shore-ship communication, where the three-dimensional space model includes a transmitting end, a receiving end, a sea surface, a shore obstacle, an evaporation duct, and an airborne intelligent reflecting surface (AIRS);

[0008] Based on the cluster delay line channel model, the sea level, the shore obstacles, and the evaporation duct are respectively determined as scatterer clusters, and distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters in the shore-to-ship communication channel established based on the three-dimensional space model are generated. Among them, the shore-to-ship communication channel includes at least two communication paths of an AIRS virtual direct path, a single-hop path, an AIRS virtual single-hop path, and an AIRS virtual double-hop path. The AIRS virtual direct path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the AIRS, and the receiver. The single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the AIRS, the sea level scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual double-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the AIRS, the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the receiver;

[0009] Based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters, an impulse response function of the shore-to-ship communication channel is constructed.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory. The processor executes the computer program to implement the above method.

[0011] According to still another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above method is implemented.

[0012] According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program. When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the above method is implemented.

[0013] The shore-to-ship communication channel modeling method, device, medium, and product provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, on the one hand, in the shore-to-ship communication scenario, not only considers the influence of the sea level on shore-to-ship communication, but also considers the influence of shore obstacles and evaporation ducts on shore-to-ship communication, improving the matching degree of the constructed shore-to-ship communication channel with the actual situation, so as to improve the communication quality; on the other hand, applying AIRS to the shore-to-ship communication scenario, since the AIRS deployed at high altitude is easier to establish a direct line-of-sight (LoS) path with the transceiver, the reliability of shore-to-ship communication can be improved, and AIRS has the characteristics of fewer reflection times and panoramic reflection / omnidirectional reflection. Under the condition of further improving the communication quality, more users can be served.

[0014] It should be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing the embodiments of the present disclosure in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, they are used to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute a limitation on the present disclosure. In the drawings, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components or steps.

[0016] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for modeling an onshore-ship communication channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional space model for establishing onshore-ship communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an onshore-ship communication channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a hull trajectory caused by sea surface fluctuations according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an AIRS according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a Doppler power spectral density according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a frequency autocorrelation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an antenna spacing and a spatial cross-correlation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] Figure 9 is a block diagram of a device for modeling an onshore-ship communication channel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a computer program product according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 11 is a hardware block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited by the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0028] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for modeling an onshore-ship communication channel. The method for modeling an onshore-ship communication channel can be applied to a terminal device, which can be an electronic device such as a computer, a notebook, or a server. As Figure 1 shown, the method for modeling an onshore-ship communication channel includes:

[0029] Step S101, constructing a three-dimensional space model of onshore-ship communication;

[0030] Among them, the three-dimensional space model includes a transmitter, a receiver, a sea level, a shore obstacle, an evaporation duct, and an Aerial Intelligent Reflecting Surface (AIRS);

[0031] Step S102, based on the cluster delay line channel model, respectively determining the sea level, the shore obstacle, and the evaporation duct as scatterer clusters, and generating distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters in the onshore-ship communication channel established based on the three-dimensional space model;

[0032] Among them, the onshore-ship communication channel includes at least two communication paths of an AIRS virtual direct path, a single-hop path, an AIRS virtual single-hop path, and an AIRS virtual double-hop path. The AIRS virtual direct path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, AIRS, and the receiver. The single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, AIRS, the sea level scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual double-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, AIRS, the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the receiver;

[0033] Step S103, constructing an impulse response function of the onshore-ship communication channel based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters;

[0034] In summary, for the shore-ship communication channel modeling method provided in the disclosed example, on the one hand, in the shore-ship communication scenario, not only the influence of the sea level on shore-ship communication is considered, but also the influence of shore-side obstacles and evaporation ducts on shore-ship communication is taken into account, which improves the matching degree of the constructed shore-ship communication channel with the actual situation, so as to improve the communication quality; on the other hand, applying AIRS to the shore-ship communication scenario, since the AIRS deployed at high altitude is more likely to establish a direct line-of-sight (LoS) path with the transceiver, the reliability of shore-ship communication can be improved, and AIRS has the characteristics of fewer reflection times and panoramic reflection / full-angle reflection. Under the condition of further improving the communication quality, more users can be served.

[0035] The following elaborates in detail on the specific implementation manners of each step in the Figure 1 illustrated embodiment:

[0036] In step S101, the terminal device constructs a three-dimensional space model for shore-ship communication.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the three-dimensional space model includes a transmitter, a receiver, a sea level, shore-side obstacles, an evaporation duct, and an Aerial Intelligent Reflecting Surface (AIRS). The transmitter is either an onshore base station or a ship, and the receiver is the other of the onshore base station and the ship; wherein, if the transmitter is a ship, the receiver is an onshore base station, and if the transmitter is an onshore base station, the receiver is a ship.

[0038] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional space model for shore-ship communication provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, including a transmitter 201, a receiver 202, a sea level 203, shore-side obstacles 204, an evaporation duct 205, and an aerial intelligent reflecting surface 206. The transmitter 201 is an onshore base station, and the receiver 202 is a ship.

[0039] In step S102, the terminal device respectively determines the sea level, shore-side obstacles, and evaporation duct as scatterer clusters based on the cluster delay line channel model, and generates distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters in the shore-ship communication channel established based on the three-dimensional space model.

[0040] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the shore-ship communication channel includes at least two communication paths among the AIRS virtual direct path, the single-hop path, the AIRS virtual single-hop path, and the AIRS virtual double-hop path. The AIRS virtual direct path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, AIRS, and the receiver. The single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, AIRS, the sea surface scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual double-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, AIRS, the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the receiver.

[0041] As Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the shore-ship communication channel established by the terminal device based on the three-dimensional space model is shown. The shore-ship communication channel includes the AIRS virtual direct path (AIRS), the single-hop path (SB), the AIRS virtual single-hop path (ASB), and the AIRS virtual double-hop path (ADB). Among them, the scatterer cluster includes the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster v ADB1 , and, the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster v ADB2 , the sea surface scatterer cluster v ASB , and, the shore obstacle scatterer cluster v SB , in Figure 2 , the transmitter is Tx, the receiver is Rx, ε is the time-varying distance, Φ is the elevation angle of the scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, θ is the direction angle of the scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, and l represents the number of scatterers.

[0042] Among them, the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer cluster generated by the terminal device include the position, velocity, and angle of the scatterer cluster. Among them, the angle of the scatterer cluster includes the direction angle of the scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in the process of the terminal device generating the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer cluster in the shore-ship communication channel established based on the three-dimensional space model, it may include: randomly generating the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer cluster in the shore-ship communication channel established based on the three-dimensional space model based on the Cluster Delay Line (CDL) channel model. Among them, the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer cluster generated by the terminal device include: the distribution characteristic parameters of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea surface scatterer cluster, and the distribution characteristic parameters of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster.

[0044] In an alternative embodiment, in the CDL structure, the distribution of scatterer clusters and the communication direction through the scatterer clusters are usually restricted. Then, the angles of the scatterer clusters follow a truncated Gaussian distribution, and the distances between the scatterers within the scatterer clusters follow a uniform distribution. The process by which the terminal device generates the angles of the scatterer clusters may include: determining the probability density function of the truncated Gaussian distribution of the angles of the scatterer clusters, solving the probability density function of the truncated Gaussian distribution to obtain the determined angles of the scatterer clusters. Among them, the algorithm for solving the probability density function of the truncated Gaussian distribution may be determined based on actual needs, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this. For example, the maximum likelihood estimation method or the Bayesian estimation method.

[0045] Among them, the probability density function of the truncated Gaussian distribution of the azimuth angle is:

[0046]

[0047] In Equation 1, φ(·) is the probability density of the standard normal distribution, Φ(·) is the distribution function of the standard normal distribution, θ is the direction angle, μ θ is the mean of the direction angle, σ θ is the variance of the direction angle, θ low is the lower limit of the truncated direction angle, and θ up are the upper limits of the truncated direction angle respectively. Among them, the direction angle in Equation 1 may be the direction angle of the scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, or the direction angle of the scatterers in the scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane.

[0048] It should be noted that the probability density function of the truncated Gaussian distribution of the elevation angle is similar to the probability density function of the truncated Gaussian distribution of the azimuth angle, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not elaborate on this.

[0049] The process by which the terminal device generates the positions of the scatterer clusters may include: determining the uniform distribution function of the distances between the scatterers in the scatterer clusters, solving the uniform distribution function to obtain the positions of each scatterer in the scatterer clusters. Among them, the uniform distribution function of the distances between the scatterers in the scatterer clusters is:

[0050]

[0051] In Equation 2, a is the minimum distance threshold between the scatterers, and b is the maximum distance threshold between the scatterers.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, for the sea-level scatterer cluster, the terminal device may further: determine a corrected height value of the sea-level scatterer cluster based on a sea-wave fluctuation model; then, based on the corrected height value, correct the sea-surface height value in the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea-level scatterer cluster to obtain the updated distribution characteristic parameters of the sea-level scatterer cluster. When considering the sea surface as a scatterer in the communication model, the influence of sea-level fluctuations on the height of the scatterer can be taken into account, and the height of the randomly generated sea-level scatterer cluster can be corrected based on the sea-wave fluctuation model to improve the reliability and communication accuracy of the constructed shore-ship communication channel.

[0053] Among them, the sea-wave fluctuation model is:

[0054]

[0055] In Equation 3, h(x, y, t) is the corrected height value, k s is the wave number of the sea-surface fluctuation, ω s is the angular frequency of the sea-surface fluctuation, θ s is the propagation angle of the sea-surface fluctuation. ε s is a random phase subject to a uniform distribution, a s is the amplitude of the plane wavefront of the sea-surface fluctuation, S(ω s ) is the directional power spectrum, and the directional power spectrum is:

[0056]

[0057] In Equation 4, a0 and β are constants, g is the acceleration due to gravity, U is the wind speed at 19.5 meters above the sea surface. Among them, a0 = 8.1×10 -3 m / s 2 , β = 0.74, a0g ≈ 0.78m 2 / s 4 , as shown in Figure 4 below, Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the hull trajectory caused by sea-surface fluctuations at different wind speeds in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0058] Furthermore, in the updated distribution characteristic parameters of the sea-level scatterer cluster, the corrected sea-surface height value of the sea-level scatterer cluster is z(t) = z(t0) + h(x, y, t), where z(t0) is the uncorrected height value of the sea-level scatterer cluster, and t0 is the initial time.

[0059] It can be understood that after the sea-level scatterer cluster is corrected, the positions of the sea-level scatterer cluster on the x-axis and y-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system will also be corrected. Among them, the corrected position of the sea-level scatterer cluster on the x-axis is x(t0) is the uncorrected position of the sea-level scatterer cluster on the x-axis, is the velocity of the sea-level scatterer cluster in the x-axis direction; similarly, the corrected position of the sea-level scatterer cluster on the y-axis is y(t0) is the uncorrected position of the sea-level scatterer cluster on the y-axis, is the velocity of the sea-level scatterer cluster in the y-axis direction.

[0060] In step S103, the terminal device constructs the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer cluster.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the channel model parameters include the velocity of AIRS, the position of AIRS, the phase of each unit on AIRS, the vector from the center of AIRS to other units in AIRS, the antenna height of the transmitting end, the vector from the coordinate origin of the transmitting end antenna to the p-th antenna unit, the antenna height of the receiving end, the vector from the coordinate origin of the receiving end antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the moving speed of the receiving end, and the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas. Among them, the antennas at the transmitting and receiving ends can be Uniform Linear Arrays (ULA) or Uniform Planar Arrays (UPA).

[0062] In an alternative embodiment, the shore-ship communication channel established by the terminal device based on the three-dimensional space model includes the AIRS virtual direct path, the single-hop path, the AIRS virtual single-hop path, and the AIRS virtual double-hop path. Then, the process of constructing the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer cluster may include:

[0063] Based on the channel model parameters, determine the first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path, and based on the channel model parameters, the first Doppler shift and the first path delay of the AIRS virtual direct path, and the first time-varying distance, determine the impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path, where the time-varying distance is the norm of the time-varying distance vector, and the first Doppler shift and the first path delay are determined according to the first time-varying distance vector; then, based on the first time-varying distance vector, the channel model parameters, and the distribution characteristic parameters of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, determine the second time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path, and based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the second Doppler shift and the second path delay of the single-hop path, and the second time-varying distance, determine the impulse response function of the single-hop path, where the second Doppler shift and the second path delay are determined according to the second time-varying distance vector; further, based on the first time-varying distance vector, the channel model parameters, and the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea surface scatterer cluster, determine the third time-varying distance vector of the virtual single-hop path, and based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea surface scatterer cluster, the channel model parameters, the third Doppler shift and the third path delay of the virtual single-hop path, and the third time-varying distance, determine the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path, where the third Doppler shift and the third path delay are determined according to the third time-varying distance vector and the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS in the first time-varying distance vector; at the same time, based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, determine the fourth time-varying distance vector of the virtual double-hop path, and based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the channel model parameters, the fourth Doppler shift and the fourth path delay of the virtual double-hop path, and the fourth time-varying distance, determine the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path, where the fourth Doppler shift and the fourth path delay are determined according to the fourth time-varying distance vector and the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS in the first time-varying distance vector; finally, based on the impulse response functions of the AIRS virtual direct path, the single-hop path, the virtual single-hop path, and the virtual double-hop path respectively, determine the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel, and a shore-ship communication channel including the AIRS virtual direct path, the single-hop path, the AIRS virtual single-hop path, and the AIRS virtual double-hop path can be constructed, so that the constructed shore-ship communication model can more accurately represent the actual scene state in the shore-ship communication process and improve the communication quality based on the shore-ship communication channel.

[0064] Wherein, when the shore-ship communication channel includes the AIRS virtual direct path, the single-hop path, the AIRS virtual single-hop path, and the AIRS virtual double-hop path, the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel is:

[0065]

[0066] In Equation 5, K AIRSis the power allocation factor of the AIRS virtual direct path, K R is the Rice factor of AIRS, is the impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path, η SB is the power allocation factor of the single-hop path, is the impulse response function of the single-hop path, η ASB is the power allocation factor of the virtual single-hop path, is the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path, η ADB is the power allocation factor of the virtual double-hop path, is the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path. Among them, the power allocation factor and the Rice factor can be determined based on actual needs, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0067] In an alternative embodiment, determining the impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path includes: based on the speed of the AIRS, the position of the AIRS, the vector from the center of the AIRS to other units in the AIRS, the antenna height of the transmitting end, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the transmitting end antenna to the p-th antenna unit, the antenna height of the receiving end, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving end antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the moving speed of the receiving end, and the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, determining the first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path, where the first time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS and the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiving end; then, based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiving end, the speed of the AIRS, and the speed of the receiving end, determining the first Doppler frequency shift; further, based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiving end, and the speed of sound, determining the first path delay, and finally, based on the first time-varying distance, the first Doppler frequency shift, the first path delay, and the phase of each unit on the AIRS, determining the impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path; the impact of time-varying distance, Doppler frequency shift, path delay, and the phase of each unit on the AIRS on ship-to-shore communication through the AIRS virtual direct path can be considered to determine the impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path, improve the accuracy of the obtained impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path, and further improve the reliability of the determined ship-to-shore communication channel model.

[0068] Among them, the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS is:

[0069]

[0070] In Equation 6, is the time-varying distance vector from the p-th antenna element at the transmitting end to the center of the r-th element in the AIRS. The r-th element is the x-th element in the horizontal direction and the y-th element in the vertical direction in the AIRS. t is time, and v A is the velocity of the AIRS, and x A is the position coordinate of the AIRS on the x-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and y A is the position coordinate of the AIRS on the y-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and H AIRS is the height of the AIRS, and H T is the antenna height of the transmitting end, is the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the transmitting-end antenna to the p-th antenna element, is the vector from the center of the AIRS to other elements in the AIRS;

[0071] The time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiving end is:

[0072]

[0073] In Equation 7, is the time-varying distance vector from the center of the r-th element in the AIRS to the q-th antenna element at the transmitting end, and v R is the velocity of the receiving end, is the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna element, and D x is the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas on the x-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and D y The distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas on the y-axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and H R is the antenna height of the receiving end.

[0074] Among them,

[0075]

[0076] In Equations 8 and 9, θ T is the direction angle of the transmitting-end antenna array relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane, and Φ T is the elevation angle of the transmitting-end antenna array relative to the X-Y plane, and δ T is the spacing between the transmitting-end antennas, and p is the serial number of the transmitting-end antenna; θ R is the direction angle of the receiving-end antenna array relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane, and Φ R is the elevation angle of the receiving-end antenna array relative to the X-Y plane, and δ R is the spacing between the receiving-end antennas, and q is the serial number of the receiving-end antenna.

[0077] As Figure 5 shown, Figure 5The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of an AIRS provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The spacings of the AIRS in the horizontal and vertical directions are δ x and δ y , and the intelligent reflecting surface contains M x ×M y =R units, which is:

[0078]

[0079] In Equation 10, and respectively represent the distances between adjacent IRS blocks in the X-axis and Y-axis directions in the local coordinate system of the AIRS. Among them,

[0080]

[0081] In Equations 11 and 12, α AIRS , β AIRS and γ AIRS are respectively the counterclockwise rotation angles of the X, Y, and Z axes after transforming the AIRS from the global coordinate system to the local coordinate system of the AIRS. α AIRS , β AIRS and γ AIRS can be determined based on actual needs, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this. R x (·), R y (·) and R z (·) are respectively the counterclockwise rotation matrices of the X, Y, and Z axes in the coordinate system transformation. Among them, the counterclockwise rotation matrix of the X axis is:

[0082]

[0083] The counterclockwise rotation matrix of the Y axis is:

[0084]

[0085] And the counterclockwise rotation matrix of the Z axis is:

[0086]

[0087] The first Doppler shift is:

[0088]

[0089] In Equation 16, is the first Doppler shift of the r-th unit in the AIRS, and λ is the wavelength.

[0090] The first path delay is:

[0091]

[0092] In Equation 17, c is the speed of sound, is the time-varying distance from the p-th antenna element at the transmitting end to the center of the r-th element in the AIRS, is the time-varying distance vector from the center of the r-th element in the AIRS to the q-th antenna element at the transmitting end.

[0093] The impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path is:

[0094]

[0095] In Equation 18, M x is the total number of elements of the AIRS in the horizontal direction, M y is the total number of elements of the AIRS in the vertical direction, is the phase of the r-th element on the AIRS, and δ(τ - τ(t)) is the additional time delay term.

[0096] In an alternative embodiment, the terminal device determines the impulse response function of a single-hop path, including: based on the first time-varying distance vector, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving antenna to the q-th antenna element, the speed of the receiving end, the speed of the shore clutter scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, determining the second time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path, where the second time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the shore clutter scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the shore clutter scatterer cluster to the receiving end; then, based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the shore clutter scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance vector from the shore clutter scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the speed of the transmitting end, the speed of the receiving end, and the speed of the shore clutter scatterer cluster, determining the second Doppler frequency shift; further, based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the shore clutter scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the shore clutter scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound, determining the second path delay; finally, based on the phase of the shore clutter scatterer cluster, the second time-varying distance, and the second Doppler frequency shift and the second path delay, determining the impulse response function of the single-hop path; the influence of time-varying distance, Doppler frequency shift, path delay, and the phase of the shore clutter scatterer cluster on shore-ship communication through a single-hop path can be considered to determine the impulse response function of the single-hop path, improve the accuracy of the obtained impulse response function of the single-hop path, and further improve the reliability of the determined shore-ship communication channel model.

[0097] Among them, the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the scatterer clusters of the shore obstacles is:

[0098]

[0099] In Equation (19), is the time-varying distance vector from the p-th antenna element of the transmitter to the m-th scatterer in the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles;

[0100] The time-varying distance vector from the scatterer clusters of the shore obstacles to the receiver is:

[0101]

[0102] In Equation (20), is the time-varying distance vector from the m-th scatterer in the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles to the q-th antenna element of the receiver, is the velocity of the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles, is the initial time-varying distance of the center of the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles, is the time-varying distance from the center of the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles to the m-th scatterer in the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles, is the elevation angle of the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles relative to the X-Y plane, is the azimuth angle of the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, is the elevation angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles relative to the X-Y plane, is the azimuth angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane;

[0103] The second Doppler shift is:

[0104]

[0105] In Equation (21), is the Doppler shift of the m-th scatterer in the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles, v T is the velocity of the transmitter;

[0106] The second path delay is:

[0107]

[0108] In Equation (22), is the time-varying distance from the p-th antenna element of the transmitter to the m-th scatterer in the l-th scatterer cluster of the shore obstacles, is the time-varying distance from the m-th scatterer in the l-th cluster of shore clutter scatterers to the q-th antenna element at the receiving end;

[0109] The impulse response function of a single-hop path is:

[0110]

[0111] In Equation 23, is the value of the impulse response function of a single-hop path, L SB is the total number of clusters of shore clutter scatterers, M SB is the total number of scatterers in the cluster of shore clutter scatterers, is the power of the l-th cluster of shore clutter scatterers, is the phase of the m-th scatterer in the l-th cluster of shore clutter scatterers.

[0112] where P (l) (t) is:

[0113]

[0114] In Equation 24, τ l is the time delay of the l-th scatterer cluster, r τ is the time delay scale function, DS is the delay spread, Z l is a random variable with a Gaussian distribution, Z l ~N(0, ζ 2 ).

[0115] In an alternative embodiment, the process by which the terminal device determines the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path includes: based on the first time-varying distance vector, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving antenna to the q-th antenna element, the velocity of the receiving end, the velocity of the sea-level scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, determine the third time-varying distance vector of the virtual single-hop path, where the third time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the sea-level scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the sea-level scatterer cluster to the receiving end; then, based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the sea-level scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance vector from the sea-level scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the velocity of the AIRS, and the velocity of the sea-level scatterer cluster, determine the third Doppler shift; further, based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the sea-level scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the sea-level scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound, determine the third path delay; finally, based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the phase of the sea-level scatterer cluster, the phase of each unit on the AIRS, the third Doppler shift and the third path delay, and the third time-varying distance, determine the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path; the impact of time-varying distance, Doppler shift, path delay, and the phase of the sea-level scatterer cluster and the phase of each unit on the AIRS on ship-to-shore communication through the virtual single-hop path can be considered to determine the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path, improve the accuracy of the obtained impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path, and thus improve the reliability of the determined ship-to-shore communication channel model.

[0116] Wherein, the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the sea-level scatterer cluster is:

[0117]

[0118] In Equation 25, is the time-varying distance vector from the center of the r-th unit in the AIRS to the m-th scatterer in the l-th sea-level scatterer cluster;

[0119] The time-varying distance vector from the sea-level scatterer cluster to the receiving end is:

[0120]

[0121] In Equation 26, is the time-varying distance vector from the m-th scatterer in the l-th sea-level scatterer cluster to the q-th antenna element of the receiving end, is the velocity of the l-th sea level scatterer cluster, is the time-varying distance from the center of the r-th unit in AIRS to the l-th sea level scatterer cluster at the initial moment, is the time-varying distance from the center of the l-th sea level scatterer cluster to the m-th scatterer in the l-th sea level scatterer cluster, is the elevation angle of the l-th sea level scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, is the azimuth angle of the l-th sea level scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, is the elevation angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th sea level scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, is the azimuth angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th sea level scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane;

[0122] The third Doppler shift is:

[0123]

[0124] In Equation 27, is the Doppler shift from the transmitter through the center of the r-th unit in AIRS to the m-th scatterer in the l-th sea level scatterer cluster;

[0125] The third path delay is:

[0126]

[0127] In Equation 28, is the time-varying distance from AIRS to the sea level scatterer cluster, is the time-varying distance from the sea level scatterer cluster to the receiver;

[0128] The impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path is:

[0129]

[0130] In Equation 29, is the total number of sea level scatterer clusters, M ASB is the total number of scatterers in the sea level scatterer cluster, is the phase of the m-th scatterer in the l-th sea level scatterer cluster, is the power of the l-th sea level scatterer cluster.

[0131] In an alternative embodiment, the process by which the terminal device determines the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path includes: based on the vector from the center of the AIRS to other units in the AIRS, the velocity of the AIRS, the velocity of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the moving velocity of the receiving end, the velocity of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, determine the fourth time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path. Among them, the evaporation duct scatterer cluster includes the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster and the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the fourth time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the time-varying distance vector from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end; then, based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the velocities of the first evaporation duct scatterer and the second evaporation duct scatterer, the time-varying distance vector from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the velocity of the AIRS, the velocity of the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the velocity of the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the velocity of the receiving end, determine the fourth Doppler shift; further, based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound, determine the fourth path delay; finally, based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the phase of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the phase of each unit on the AIRS, the fourth Doppler shift, the fourth path delay, and the fourth time-varying distance, determine the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path; the influence of time-varying distance, Doppler shift, path delay, and the phase of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster and the phase of each unit on the AIRS on ship-to-shore communication through the virtual double-hop path can be considered to determine the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path, improve the accuracy of the obtained impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path, and further improve the reliability of the determined ship-to-shore communication channel model.

[0132] Among them, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster is:

[0133]

[0134] In Equation 30, The time-varying distance vector from the p-th antenna element at the transmitting end to the m-th scatterer in the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster The transposed vector of the vector from the center of the AIRS to other elements in the AIRS The velocity of the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster The time-varying distance vector from the p-th antenna element at the transmitting end to the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster at the initial moment The time-varying distance from the center of the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster to the m-th scatterer in the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster The elevation angle of the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane The direction angle of the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system The elevation angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane The direction angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th first evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane;

[0135] The time-varying distance vector from the second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster to the receiving end:

[0136]

[0137] In Equation 31, The time-varying distance vector from the m-th scatterer in the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster to the q-th antenna element at the receiving end The velocity of the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster The time-varying distance vector from the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster to the q-th antenna element at the receiving end at the initial moment The time-varying distance from the center of the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster to the m-th scatterer in the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster The elevation angle of the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane The direction angle of the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system The elevation angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane The direction angle of the m-th scatterer in the l-th second evaporative waveguide scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane;

[0138] The fourth Doppler frequency shift is:

[0139]

[0140] In Equation 32, is the Doppler frequency shift from the center of the r-th unit in AIRS at the transmitting end to the m-th scatterer in the l-th evaporative duct scatterer cluster;

[0141] The fourth path delay is:

[0142]

[0143] In Equation 33, is the time-varying distance vector from the p-th antenna element at the transmitting end to the m-th scatterer in the l-th first evaporative duct scatterer cluster, is the time-varying distance from the m-th scatterer in the l-th first evaporative duct scatterer cluster to the m-th scatterer in the l-th second evaporative duct scatterer cluster, The time-varying distance from the m-th scatterer in the l-th second evaporative duct scatterer cluster to the q-th antenna element at the receiving end;

[0144] The impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path is:

[0145]

[0146] In Equation 34, L ADB is the total number of evaporative duct scatterer clusters, M ADB is the total number of scatterers in the evaporative duct scatterer cluster, is the phase of the m-th scatterer in the l-th evaporative duct scatterer cluster, is the power of the l-th evaporative duct scatterer cluster.

[0147] It can be understood that in the shore-ship communication channel established by the terminal device based on the three-dimensional space model, when the number of communication paths is less than four, the process of the terminal device constructing the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel can refer to the process in the above-mentioned embodiments where, in the case that the shore-ship communication channel includes the AIRS virtual direct path, single-hop path, AIRS virtual single-hop path, and AIRS virtual double-hop path, the terminal device constructs the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters. This embodiment of the present disclosure will not elaborate on this.

[0148] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to achieve a better balance between the phase of the units in AIRS and the communication power consumption in the shore-ship communication channel constructed in this embodiment of the present disclosure, before constructing the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel, the terminal device can design the phase of the units in AIRS. Optionally, the phase of the units in AIRS can be determined as a preset value. For example, the phase of each unit in AIRS can be set to

[0149] In an alternative embodiment, the terminal device may: determine a first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path and a first Doppler shift of the AIRS virtual direct path based on channel model parameters, where the first time-varying distance vector includes a time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS and a time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver; then, determine the norm of the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS to obtain the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS, and determine the norm of the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver to obtain the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiver; further, determine the phase of each unit in the AIRS based on the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiver, and the first Doppler shift; the influence of the propagation distance and the Doppler effect on the phase of the units in the AIRS can be considered to determine the phase of each unit in the AIRS, so as to further reduce the power consumption of the finally constructed shore-ship communication channel.

[0150] Among them, the phase of the r-th unit in the AIRS is:

[0151]

[0152] In Equation 35, k0 is the wave number.

[0153] In an alternative embodiment, the terminal device may: discretize the phase of each unit in the AIRS based on the phase discretization formula to obtain the updated phase of each unit in the AIRS. The phase discontinuity in the actual communication process can be considered to discretize the phase of each unit to obtain the updated phase of each unit in the AIRS, so as to ensure the reliability of the finally constructed shore-ship communication channel in the actual communication process while reducing the power consumption of the finally constructed shore-ship communication channel.

[0154] Among them, the phase discretization formula is:

[0155]

[0156] In Equation 36, the updated phase of the r-th unit in the AIRS, is the phase expected by the receiver antenna. The phase [0, 2π) of the r-th unit is divided into 2 n intervals, and n is the quantization bit number.

[0157] In an alternative embodiment, after the impulse response function of the onshore-ship communication channel, the terminal device may further: determine the channel statistical characteristics of the onshore-ship communication channel based on the impulse response function of the onshore-ship communication channel, so as to evaluate the quality of the onshore-ship communication channel; wherein, the channel statistical characteristics include the spatio-temporal correlation function, the frequency autocorrelation function, and the Doppler power spectral density of the channel.

[0158] Wherein, the spatio-temporal correlation function of the channel is:

[0159]

[0160] In Equation 37, E is energy, the conjugate of the impulse response function of the onshore-ship communication channel, h p′q′ (t + Δt) is the impulse response function of the p-th antenna unit at the transmitting end and the q-th antenna unit at the receiving end at multiple moments; wherein, when Δp = Δq = 0, the time autocorrelation function can be obtained, and when Δt = 0, the spatial cross-correlation function can be obtained.

[0161] Optionally, the terminal device may: perform a Fourier transform on the impulse response function of the onshore-ship communication channel to obtain the transfer function of the onshore-ship communication channel, and determine the frequency autocorrelation function based on the transfer function of the onshore-ship communication channel; the frequency autocorrelation function is:

[0162]

[0163] In Equation 38, H pq (t, f) is the transfer function of the onshore-ship communication channel, is the conjugate on the transfer function of the onshore-ship communication channel.

[0164] Optionally, the terminal device may perform a Fourier transform on the spatio-temporal correlation function of the channel to obtain the Doppler power spectral density, wherein the Doppler power spectral density is:

[0165] S pq,p′q′ (t, f) = ∫ρ pq,p′q′ (t, Δt)e -j2πfΔt dΔt; (Equation 39)

[0166] Exemplarily, as Figure 6 shown, Figure 6Shows a schematic diagram of the Doppler power spectral density at different speeds under the phase strategies of units in different AIRSs. Among them, method 1 (method1) is a phase design strategy that determines the phase of the units in the AIRS as a preset value; method 2 (method2) is the strategy for phase design considering the influence of propagation distance and Doppler effect on the phase of the units in the AIRS in the above embodiments; method 3 (method3) is a phase design strategy that discretizes the phase of each unit. In Figure 6 it, the Doppler power spectral density in the case where the speeds of the hull and the AIRS are zero can be determined as the reference group. Among them, after the phase design is carried out by the third method, the Doppler effect is greatly suppressed.

[0167] As Figure 7 shown, Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of the frequency autocorrelation function at time t0 under different phase design strategies of units in the AIRS. Among them, compared with the phase design strategy of the units in the AIRS by the first method, after the phase design strategy of the units in the AIRS based on the third method, the frequency autocorrelation function tends to be stable.

[0168] As Figure 8 shown, Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of the antenna spacing and the spatial cross-correlation function under different phase design strategies of units in the AIRS. Among them, compared with the phase design strategy of the units in the AIRS by the second method, after the phase design strategy of the units in the AIRS based on the third method, the spatial cross-correlation function tends to be stable.

[0169] The exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a shore-to-ship communication channel modeling device, which can be a terminal device or a chip applied to a server. Figure 9 Shows a schematic block diagram of the functional modules of the shore-to-ship communication channel modeling device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. As Figure 9 shown, the shore-to-ship communication channel modeling device 900 includes:

[0170] A first construction module 901, configured to construct a three-dimensional space model of shore-to-ship communication, where the three-dimensional space model includes a transmitter, a receiver, a sea level, a shore obstacle, an evaporation duct, and an airborne intelligent reflector AIRS;

[0171] A generating module 902, configured to respectively determine the sea level, the shore obstacle, and the evaporation duct as scatterer clusters based on a cluster delay line channel model, and generate distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters in the shore-ship communication channel established based on the three-dimensional space model, where the shore-ship communication channel includes at least two communication paths of an AIRS virtual direct path, a single-hop path, an AIRS virtual single-hop path, and an AIRS virtual double-hop path. The AIRS virtual direct path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the AIRS, and the receiver. The single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the AIRS, the sea level scatterer cluster, and the receiver. The AIRS virtual double-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitter, the AIRS, the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the receiver;

[0172] A second constructing module 903, configured to construct an impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel based on channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters.

[0173] Optionally, the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea level scatterer cluster include the position of the sea level scatterer cluster. The device further includes a correction module 904, configured to:

[0174] Determine a corrected height value of the sea level scatterer cluster based on a sea wave fluctuation model;

[0175] Based on the corrected height value, correct the height value of the sea level scatterer cluster in the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea level scatterer cluster to obtain updated distribution characteristic parameters of the sea level scatterer cluster.

[0176] Optionally, the second constructing module 903 is configured to:

[0177] Determine a first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path based on the channel model parameters, and determine an impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path based on the channel model parameters, the first Doppler frequency shift and the first path delay of the AIRS virtual direct path, and the first time-varying distance, where the time-varying distance is the norm of the time-varying distance vector, and the first Doppler frequency shift and the first path delay are determined according to the first time-varying distance vector;

[0178] Determine the second time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path based on the first time-varying distance vector, the channel model parameters, and the distribution characteristic parameters of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, and determine the impulse response function of the single-hop path based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the second Doppler shift and the second path delay of the single-hop path, and the second time-varying distance, where the second Doppler shift and the second path delay are determined according to the second time-varying distance vector;

[0179] Determine the third time-varying distance vector of the virtual single-hop path based on the first time-varying distance vector, the channel model parameters, and the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea surface scatterer cluster, and determine the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea surface scatterer cluster, the channel model parameters, the third Doppler shift and the third path delay of the virtual single-hop path, and the third time-varying distance, where the third Doppler shift and the third path delay are determined according to the third time-varying distance vector and the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS in the first time-varying distance vector;

[0180] Determine the fourth time-varying distance vector of the virtual double-hop path based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and determine the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the channel model parameters, the fourth Doppler shift and the fourth path delay of the virtual double-hop path, and the fourth time-varying distance, where the fourth Doppler shift and the fourth path delay are determined according to the fourth time-varying distance vector and the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS in the first time-varying distance vector;

[0181] Determine the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel based on the impulse response functions of the AIRS virtual direct path, the single-hop path, the virtual single-hop path, and the virtual double-hop path respectively.

[0182] Optionally, the second construction module 903 is configured to:

[0183] Determine the first time-varying distance vector of the virtual direct path of the AIRS based on the speed of the AIRS, the position of the AIRS, the vectors from the center of the AIRS to other units in the AIRS, the antenna height of the transmitting end, the vector from the coordinate system origin of the transmitting-end antenna to the p-th antenna unit, the antenna height of the receiving end, the vector from the coordinate system origin of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the moving speed of the receiving end, and the distance between the transmitting and receiving antennas, where the first time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS and the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiving end;

[0184] Determine the first Doppler shift based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiving end, the speed of the AIRS, and the speed of the receiving end;

[0185] Determine the first path delay based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiving end, and the speed of sound;

[0186] Determine the impulse response function of the virtual direct path of the AIRS based on the first time-varying distance, the first Doppler shift, the first path delay, and the phase of each unit on the AIRS.

[0187] Optionally, the second construction module 903 is configured to:

[0188] Determine the second time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path based on the first time-varying distance vector, the vector from the coordinate system origin of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the speed of the receiving end, the speed of the shore clutter scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the shore clutter scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, where the second time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the shore clutter scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the shore clutter scatterer cluster to the receiving end;

[0189] Determine the second Doppler shift based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the shore clutter scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance vector from the shore clutter scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the speed of the transmitting end, the speed of the receiving end, and the speed of the shore clutter scatterer cluster;

[0190] Determine the second path delay based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the shore obstacle scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound;

[0191] Determine the impulse response function of the single-hop path based on the phase of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the second time-varying distance, and the second Doppler frequency shift and the second path delay.

[0192] Optionally, the second construction module 903 is configured to:

[0193] Determine the third time-varying distance vector of the virtual single-hop path based on the first time-varying distance vector, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna element, the speed of the receiving end, the speed of the sea surface scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the sea surface scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the sea surface scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the sea surface scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the sea surface scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, where the third time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the sea surface scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the sea surface scatterer cluster to the receiving end;

[0194] Based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the sea surface scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance vector from the sea surface scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the speed of the AIRS, and the speed of the sea surface scatterer cluster;

[0195] Determine the third path delay based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the sea surface scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the sea surface scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound;

[0196] Determine the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the phase of the sea surface scatterer cluster, the phase of each unit on the AIRS, the third Doppler frequency shift and the third path delay, and the third time-varying distance.

[0197] Optionally, the second construction module 903 is configured to:

[0198] Determine the fourth time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path based on the vector from the center of the AIRS to other units in the AIRS, the velocity of the AIRS, the velocity of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the moving velocity of the receiving end, the velocity of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster with respect to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster with respect to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the evaporation duct scatterer cluster with respect to the X-axis on the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the evaporation duct scatterer cluster with respect to the X-Y plane. The evaporation duct scatterer cluster includes a first evaporation duct scatterer cluster and a second evaporation duct scatterer cluster. The fourth time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end;

[0199] Determine the fourth Doppler frequency shift based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the velocities of the first evaporation duct scatterer and the second evaporation duct scatterer, the time-varying distance vector from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the velocity of the AIRS, the velocity of the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the velocity of the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the velocity of the receiving end;

[0200] Determine the fourth path delay based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound;

[0201] Determine the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the phase of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the phase of each unit on the AIRS, the fourth Doppler frequency shift, the fourth path delay, and the fourth time-varying distance;

[0202] Optionally, the device further includes a determination module 905 configured to:

[0203] Based on the channel model parameters, determine the first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path and the first Doppler frequency shift of the AIRS virtual direct path, where the first time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS and the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver;

[0204] Determine the norm of the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS to obtain the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS, and determine the norm of the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver to obtain the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiver;

[0205] Based on the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiver, and the first Doppler frequency shift, determine the phase of each unit in the AIRS. The phase of the r-th unit in the AIRS is:

[0206]

[0207] where k0 is the wave number, is the time-varying distance vector from the p-th antenna unit of the transmitter to the center of the r-th unit in the AIRS. The r-th unit is the x-th unit in the horizontal direction and the y-th unit in the vertical direction in the AIRS, is the time-varying distance vector from the center of the r-th unit in the AIRS to the q-th antenna unit of the transmitter, is the first Doppler frequency shift of the r-th unit in the AIRS.

[0208] Optionally, the device further includes a discretization module 906, configured to:

[0209] Perform discretization processing on the phase of each unit in the AIRS based on the phase discretization formula to obtain the updated phase of each unit in the AIRS, where the phase discretization formula is:

[0210]

[0211] where, the updated phase of the r-th unit in the AIRS, is the phase expected by the receiver antenna. The phase [0, 2π) of the r-th unit is divided into 2 n intervals, and n is the quantization bit number.

[0212] An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and when the computer program is executed by the at least one processor, it is configured to cause the electronic device to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0213] An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor of a computer, it is configured to cause the computer to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0214] As Figure 10 shown, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer program product 1000, including a computer program 1001, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor of a computer, it is configured to cause the computer to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0215] Referring Figure 11 , a block diagram of an electronic device 1100 that can be used as a terminal device of the present disclosure will now be described. It is an example of a hardware device that can be applied to various aspects of the present disclosure. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital electronic computer devices, such as, for example, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a workbench, a personal digital assistant, a server, a blade server, a mainframe computer, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as, for example, a personal digital processor, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a wearable device, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0216] As Figure 11 shown, the electronic device 1100 includes a computing unit 1101, which can execute various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1102 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 1108 into a random access memory (RAM) 1103. In the RAM 1103, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 1100 can also be stored. The computing unit 1101, the ROM 1102, and the RAM 1103 are connected to each other via a bus 1104. An input / output (I / O) interface 1105 is also connected to the bus 1104.

[0217] Multiple components in the electronic device 1100 are connected to the I / O interface 1105, including: an input unit 1106, an output unit 1107, a storage unit 1108, and a communication unit 1109. The input unit 1106 can be any type of device capable of inputting information into the electronic device 1100. The input unit 1106 can receive input digital or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and / or function controls of the electronic device. The output unit 1107 can be any type of device capable of presenting information and can include, but is not limited to, a display, a speaker, a video / audio output terminal, a vibrator, and / or a printer. The storage unit 1108 can include, but is not limited to, a magnetic disk and an optical disk. The communication unit 1109 allows the electronic device 1100 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks and can include, but is not limited to, a modem, a network card, an infrared communication device, a wireless communication transceiver, and / or a chipset, such as a BluetoothTM device, a WiFi device, a WiMax device, a cellular communication device, and / or the like.

[0218] The computing unit 1101 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 1101 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 1101 executes the various methods and processes described above. For example, in some embodiments, the methods of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 1108. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the electronic device 1100 via the ROM 1102 and / or the communication unit 1109. In some embodiments, the computing unit 1101 can be configured to execute the methods of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0219] The program code for implementing the methods of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the program codes are executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, executed partially on the machine as an independent software package and partially on a remote machine, or executed entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0220] In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0221] As used in this disclosure, the terms "machine-readable medium" and "computer-readable medium" refer to any computer program product, apparatus, and / or device that can be used to provide machine instructions and / or data to a programmable processor (e.g., a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a memory, a programmable logic device (PLD)), including a machine-readable medium that receives machine instructions as a machine-readable signal. The term "machine-readable signal" refers to any signal that can be used to provide machine instructions and / or data to a programmable processor.

[0222] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide for interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic, speech, or tactile input).

[0223] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system including backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system including middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system including frontend components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system including any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected to each other by digital data communication in any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0224] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present disclosure are executed in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a terminal, a user device, or other programmable devices. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center in a wired or wireless manner. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrating one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disc (DVD); or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0225] Although the present disclosure has been described in connection with specific features and their embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present disclosure defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the present disclosure. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present disclosure fall within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure and their equivalent technologies, the present disclosure is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for modeling an onshore ship communication channel, characterized in that, Including: Constructing a three-dimensional space model for shore-ship communication, where the three-dimensional space model includes a transmitting end, a receiving end, a sea level, shore obstacles, an evaporation duct, and an airborne intelligent reflector (AIRS); Based on the cluster delay line channel model, determining the sea level, the shore obstacles, and the evaporation duct as scatterer clusters respectively, and generating distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters in the shore-ship communication channel established based on the three-dimensional space model. The shore-ship communication channel includes at least two communication paths among an AIRS virtual direct path, a single-hop path, an AIRS virtual single-hop path, and an AIRS virtual double-hop path. The AIRS virtual direct path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitting end, the AIRS, and the receiving end. The single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitting end, the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, and the receiving end. The AIRS virtual single-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitting end, the AIRS, the sea level scatterer cluster, and the receiving end. The AIRS virtual double-hop path is a signal transmission path passing through the transmitting end, the AIRS, the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the receiving end; Based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters, constructing an impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel.

2. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 1, wherein The distribution characteristic parameters of the sea level scatterer cluster include The position of the sea level scatterer cluster. The method further includes: Determining a corrected height value of the sea level scatterer cluster based on a sea wave fluctuation model; Based on the corrected height value, correcting the height value of the sea level scatterer cluster in the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea level scatterer cluster to obtain updated distribution characteristic parameters of the sea level scatterer cluster.

3. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 1, wherein The constructing an impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the scatterer clusters includes: Based on the channel model parameters, determining a first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path, and based on the channel model parameters, the first Doppler frequency shift and the first path delay of the AIRS virtual direct path, and the first time-varying distance, determining an impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path, where the time-varying distance is the norm of the time-varying distance vector, and the first Doppler frequency shift and the first path delay are determined according to the first time-varying distance vector; Based on the first time-varying distance vector, the channel model parameters, and the distribution characteristic parameters of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, determining a second time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path, and based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the second Doppler frequency shift and the second path delay of the single-hop path, and the second time-varying distance, determining an impulse response function of the single-hop path, where the second Doppler frequency shift and the second path delay are determined according to the second time-varying distance vector; Determine the third time-varying distance vector of the virtual single-hop path based on the first time-varying distance vector, the channel model parameters, and the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea-level scatterer cluster, and determine the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the sea-level scatterer cluster, the channel model parameters, the third Doppler shift and the third path delay of the virtual single-hop path, and the third time-varying distance, where the third Doppler shift and the third path delay are determined according to the third time-varying distance vector and the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS in the first time-varying distance vector; Determine the fourth time-varying distance vector of the virtual double-hop path based on the channel model parameters and the distribution characteristic parameters of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and determine the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path based on the distribution characteristic parameters of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the channel model parameters, the fourth Doppler shift and the fourth path delay of the virtual double-hop path, and the fourth time-varying distance, where the fourth Doppler shift and the fourth path delay are determined according to the fourth time-varying distance vector and the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS in the first time-varying distance vector; Determine the impulse response function of the shore-ship communication channel based on the impulse response functions of the AIRS virtual direct path, the single-hop path, the virtual single-hop path, and the virtual double-hop path respectively.

4. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 3, wherein, The determination of the impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path includes: Determine the first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path based on the speed of the AIRS, the position of the AIRS, the vector from the center of the AIRS to other units in the AIRS, the antenna height of the transmitter, the vector from the coordinate origin of the transmitter antenna to the p-th antenna unit, the antenna height of the receiver, the vector from the coordinate origin of the receiver antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the moving speed of the receiver, and the distance between the transmitter and receiver antennas, where the first time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS and the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver; Determine the first Doppler shift based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver, the speed of the AIRS, and the speed of the receiver; Determine the first path delay based on the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiver, and the speed of sound; Determine the impulse response function of the AIRS virtual direct path based on the first time-varying distance, the first Doppler shift, the first path delay, and the phase of each unit on the AIRS.

5. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 4, wherein, The determination of the impulse response function of the single-hop path includes: Based on the first time-varying distance vector, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna element, the velocity of the receiving end, the velocity of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the shore obstacle scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the shore obstacle scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, determine the second time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path, where the second time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the shore obstacle scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the shore obstacle scatterer cluster to the receiving end; Based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance vector from the shore obstacle scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the velocity of the transmitting end, the velocity of the receiving end, and the velocity of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, determine the second Doppler frequency shift; Based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the shore obstacle scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound, determine the second path delay; Based on the phase of the shore obstacle scatterer cluster, the second time-varying distance, and the second Doppler frequency shift and the second path delay, determine the impulse response function of the single-hop path.

6. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 4, wherein, The determination of the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path includes: Based on the first time-varying distance vector, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna element, the velocity of the receiving end, the velocity of the sea-level scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis in the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the sea-level scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, determine the third time-varying distance vector of the virtual single-hop path, where the third time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the sea-level scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the sea-level scatterer cluster to the receiving end; Based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the sea-level scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance vector from the sea-level scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the velocity of the AIRS, and the velocity of the sea-level scatterer cluster; Based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the sea-level scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the sea-level scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound, determine the third path delay; Determine the impulse response function of the virtual single-hop path based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the phase of the sea-level scatterer cluster, the phase of each unit on the AIRS, the third Doppler shift, the third path delay, and the third time-varying distance.

7. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 4, wherein The determining of the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path includes: Based on the vector from the center of the AIRS to other units in the AIRS, the velocity of the AIRS, the velocity of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the vector from the origin of the coordinate system of the receiving-end antenna to the q-th antenna unit, the moving velocity of the receiving end, the velocity of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the direction angle of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane of the three-dimensional coordinate system, the elevation angle of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, the direction angle of each scatterer in the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-axis on the X-Y plane, and the elevation angle of each scatterer in the evaporation duct scatterer cluster relative to the X-Y plane, determine the fourth time-varying distance vector of the single-hop path, where the evaporation duct scatterer cluster includes the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster and the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the fourth time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster and the time-varying distance vector from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end; Based on the time-varying distance vector from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the velocities of the first evaporation duct scatterer and the second evaporation duct scatterer, the time-varying distance vector from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the velocity of the AIRS, the velocity of the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the velocity of the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, and the velocity of the receiving end, determine the fourth Doppler shift; Based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, and the speed of sound, determine the fourth path delay; Based on the time-varying distance from the transmitting end to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the first evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the time-varying distance from the second evaporation duct scatterer cluster to the receiving end, the phase of the evaporation duct scatterer cluster, the phase of each unit on the AIRS, the fourth Doppler shift, the fourth path delay, and the fourth time-varying distance, determine the impulse response function of the virtual double-hop path.

8. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 1, wherein The method further includes: Based on the channel model parameters, determine the first time-varying distance vector of the AIRS virtual direct path, and the first Doppler frequency shift of the AIRS virtual direct path, where the first time-varying distance vector includes the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS and the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver; Determine the norm of the time-varying distance vector from the transmitter to the AIRS to obtain the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS, and determine the norm of the time-varying distance vector from the AIRS to the receiver to obtain the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiver; Based on the time-varying distance from the transmitter to the AIRS, the time-varying distance from the AIRS to the receiver, and the first Doppler frequency shift, determine the phase of each unit in the AIRS. The phase of the r-th unit in the AIRS is: where \(k_0\) is the wave number, is the time-varying distance vector from the \(p\)-th antenna element of the transmitting end to the center of the \(r\)-th element in the AIRS, and the \(r\)-th element is the \(x\)-th element in the horizontal direction and the \(y\)-th element in the vertical direction in the AIRS, is the time-varying distance vector from the center of the \(r\)-th element in the AIRS to the \(q\)-th antenna element of the transmitting end, is the first Doppler frequency shift of the \(r\)-th element in the AIRS.

9. The shore-ship communication channel modeling method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method further includes: Perform discretization processing on the phase of each unit in the AIRS based on the phase discretization formula to obtain the updated phase of each unit in the AIRS, where the phase discretization formula is: Among them, the updated phase of the r-th unit in the AIRS, is the phase expected by the receiving-end antenna. The phase of the r-th unit in [0, 2π) is divided into 2 n intervals, and n is the quantization bit number.

10. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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