Communication method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication method and device. The method specifically comprises the following steps: acquiring information bits; the information bit is modulated to obtain a modulation symbol, a constellation diagram used for modulation comprises 2M constellation points, the 2M constellation points are uniformly distributed on two concentric rings, the two concentric rings comprise a first circular ring and a second circular ring, the phase difference between the adjacent constellation points of the first circular ring and the second circular ring is a first value, the first value is not 0, and M is an integer greater than 1; and outputting the modulation symbol. Through the method, the communication performance and the sensing performance of the modulation mode can be improved so as to meet the requirement of ISAC.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus. Background Art

[0002] Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is widely regarded as a key application scenario for the sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication system and other future mobile communication systems. Specifically, integrated sensing and communication means simultaneously realizing communication capabilities and sensing capabilities through wireless signals. Among them, communication capabilities refer to the ability to send information, such as the transmission rate of signals, anti-interference capabilities, etc. Sensing capabilities refer to the ability to sense the surrounding environment, the moving speed of objects, distances, etc. through wireless signals.

[0003] However, communication often pursues high transmission efficiency, which can be understood as extreme spectral efficiency, while sensing pursues high detection accuracy of targets and often does not consider the impact of spectral efficiency. For example, modulation methods such as 4-order quadrature amplitude modulation (4-QAM), 16-QAM, and 64-QAM used in the new radio (NR) system have excellent communication capabilities but poor sensing capabilities. Another example is that the 8-phase shift keying (PSK) modulation has excellent sensing capabilities but poor communication capabilities.

[0004] How to improve the communication performance and sensing performance of modulation methods to meet the requirements of ISAC is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Embodiments of this application provide a communication method and apparatus for improving the communication performance and sensing performance of modulation methods to meet the requirements of ISAC.

[0006] In a first aspect, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a first communication device. Without special explanation, the "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, a network device, a terminal device), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or it can also be a logical module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: obtaining information bits; modulating the information bits to obtain modulation symbols. The constellation diagram used for modulation includes 2 M constellation points, 2 MA number of constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings. Among them, the two concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring. The phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is a first value, and the first value is not 0. M is an integer greater than 1; output modulation symbols.

[0007] In the embodiments of the present application, the constellation diagram used for modulation includes two concentric rings. The two M constellation points included in the constellation diagram are evenly distributed on two concentric rings, and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring among the two concentric rings is a first value, and the first value is not 0. By setting the constellation points on two concentric rings, this solution can reduce the amplitude value difference between constellation points, thereby improving the communication performance of the modulation method; by setting a phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring, the Euclidean distance between constellation points can be increased, and the perception performance of the modulation method can be improved. It can be seen that the embodiments of the present application can take into account improving the communication performance and perception performance of the modulation method, so it can well meet the requirements of ISAC.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, the first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0009] In this embodiment, the first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)], and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is within this range, which can make the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring relatively large, achieving better communication performance.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the first value is π / P, and P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0011] In this embodiment, when the number of constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is equal, the first value is π / P. In this way, the minimum Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is equal, and relatively ideal communication performance can be achieved.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), and P ≠ Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0013] In this embodiment, when the number of constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is not equal, the first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), and better communication performance can be obtained.

[0014] In an alternative embodiment, the radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

[0015] In this embodiment, the same number of constellation points can be set on the first ring and the second ring, or more constellation points can be set on the ring with a larger radius (i.e., the first ring) among the first ring and the second ring, which can ensure that the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the second ring are both large.

[0016] In an alternative embodiment, the value range of the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is [1.2, 1.55].

[0017] Exemplarily, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0018] When the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is within this range, the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points of the first ring and the second ring can be made reasonable, and better communication performance can be obtained.

[0019] In an alternative embodiment, the radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26); or, the radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0020] In an alternative embodiment, when M is equal to 5, 16 out of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: On the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; among them, the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second ring, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; among them, the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0021] In an alternative embodiment, when M is equal to 5, 18 out of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0022] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; among them, the bit corresponding to the first constellation point is 00010, and the bit corresponding to the second constellation point is 10001.

[0023] In an alternative embodiment, when M is equal to 5, 20 out of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0024] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; where the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0025] It can be understood that the above several implementation manners take M equal to 5 as an example, and the implementation manners of the actual 5-order constellation diagram are not limited to the above several. In addition, the constellation diagram in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to being a 5-order constellation diagram.

[0026] In an alternative implementation manner, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0027] In an alternative implementation manner, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0028] In the above several implementation manners, the amplitudes of the constellation points on at least one ring are the same as those of some constellation points in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM, which can reduce the implementation complexity of the receiver.

[0029] In an alternative implementation manner, the method further includes: sending or receiving first information for determining the constellation diagram used for modulation, where the first information includes the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0030] In the present application, the receiving end can inform the sending end of the relevant parameters (such as the radius ratio) of the constellation diagram through the first information, or the sending end can inform the receiving end of these parameters through the first information, which is not specifically limited. For example, a network device (as the sending end or the receiving end) configures these parameters to a terminal device or another network device in a signaling.

[0031] In this way, the flexibility of constellation diagram configuration can be improved.

[0032] In an alternative embodiment, the relevant parameters of the constellation diagram (such as the radius ratio) are preset values. For example, the protocol stipulates, or the system stipulates, or the two communication parties agree on the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0033] In this way, signaling overhead can be saved and the implementation complexity can be reduced.

[0034] In a second aspect, another communication method is provided, which can be executed by a second communication device. Without special specification, the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, a network device, a terminal device), or a component in the second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or can also be a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: obtaining modulation symbols; demodulating the modulation symbols to obtain information bits; the constellation diagram used for demodulation includes 2 M constellation points, and the 2 M constellation points are evenly distributed on 2 concentric rings, where the 2 concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring, and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is a first value, the first value is not 0, and M is an integer greater than 1.

[0035] In an alternative embodiment, the first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0036] In an alternative embodiment, the first value is π / P and P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are integers.

[0037] In an alternative embodiment, the first value is π / (P + 1) or π / P or π / Q or π / (Q - 1), and P ≠ Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment, the radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

[0039] In an alternative embodiment, the value range of the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is [1.2, 1.55]. When the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring is within this range, the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring can be made more reasonable, and better communication performance can be obtained.

[0040] In an alternative embodiment, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment, the radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26); or, the radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0042] In an alternative embodiment, when M is equal to 5, 16 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the respective constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; where the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second ring, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the respective constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; where the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, when M is equal to 5, 18 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, and the 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0044] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; where the bit corresponding to the first constellation point is 00010, and the bit corresponding to the second constellation point is 10001.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, when M equals 5, 20 out of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0046] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval between the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval between the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval between the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval between the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; where the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for QAM of K-order quadrature amplitude modulation, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment, the method further includes: receiving or sending first information, where the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram for demodulation, and the first information includes the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring.

[0050] In a third aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes modules, units, or technical means for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0051] Exemplarily, the communication device includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module). The transceiver unit can implement the sending function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it can be referred to as a sending unit (sometimes also referred to as a sending module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, and this functional module is called the transceiver unit, which can implement the sending function and the receiving function; or, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is a general term for these functional modules.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the processing unit is configured to obtain information bits, modulate the information bits to obtain modulation symbols; and the transceiver unit is configured to output the modulation symbols.

[0053] In an alternative embodiment, the communication device further includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module). The processing unit is configured to be coupled to the storage unit and execute the programs or instructions in the storage unit to enable the communication device to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0054] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes modules, units, or technical means for implementing the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0055] Exemplarily, the communication device includes a processing unit (sometimes also referred to as a processing module) and a transceiver unit (sometimes also referred to as a transceiver module). The transceiver unit can implement the sending function and the receiving function. When the transceiver unit implements the sending function, it can be referred to as a sending unit (sometimes also referred to as a sending module). When the transceiver unit implements the receiving function, it can be referred to as a receiving unit (sometimes also referred to as a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit can be the same functional module, and this functional module is called the transceiver unit, which can implement the sending function and the receiving function; or, the sending unit and the receiving unit can be different functional modules, and the transceiver unit is a general term for these functional modules.

[0056] In an alternative embodiment, the transceiver unit (or, the receiving unit) is configured to obtain modulation symbols; and the processing unit is configured to demodulate the modulation symbols to obtain information bits.

[0057] In an alternative embodiment, the communication device further includes a storage unit (sometimes also referred to as a storage module). The processing unit is configured to be coupled to the storage unit and execute the programs or instructions in the storage unit to enable the communication device to execute the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0058] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a communication interface and a processor. Optionally, it further includes a memory. The memory is used to store a computer program. The processor is coupled to the memory and the communication interface. When the processor reads the computer program or instructions, the communication device is caused to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0059] In a sixth aspect, a communication system is provided, including a first communication device and a second communication device. The first communication device is used to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the second communication device is used to execute the method described in the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0060] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are run, the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect is implemented.

[0061] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided. When the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect is implemented.

[0062] In a ninth aspect, a chip system is provided, including a processor and an interface. The processor is used to call and run instructions from the interface so that the chip system implements the method described in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect or any possible implementation manner of the second aspect.

[0063] For the beneficial effects of the second aspect to the ninth aspect above, please refer to the description of the effects corresponding to the design of the first aspect, and details will not be repeated here. Description of the Drawings

[0064] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a constellation diagram for 16-QAM modulation;

[0065] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a constellation diagram for 8-PSK modulation;

[0066] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 4A Schematic diagram of using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform;

[0068] Figure 4B It is a schematic diagram of adopting a traditional OFDM waveform;

[0069] Figure 5 It is a flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of setting the radius and phase of a constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 7A It is a comparison schematic diagram of the constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application and the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0072] Figure 7B It is another comparison schematic diagram of the constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application and the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0073] Figure 8A It is another comparison schematic diagram of the constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application and the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0074] Figure 8B It is another comparison schematic diagram of the constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application and the 64QAM constellation diagram;

[0075] Figure 9A It is a schematic diagram of a constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] Figure 9B It is a schematic diagram of another constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] Figure 9C It is a schematic diagram of another constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of yet another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0080] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0081] In the embodiments of the present application, for the number of nouns, unless otherwise specified, it means "singular noun or plural noun", that is, "one or more". "At least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally means that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B means: A or B. "At least one of the following" or its similar expression refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c means: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b, and c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0082] In the embodiments of the present application, ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish multiple objects and are not used to limit the size, content, order, time sequence, priority, or importance of multiple objects. For example, the first terminal device and the second terminal device can be the same terminal device or different terminal devices, and such names do not indicate differences in the structure, priority, or importance of these two terminal devices.

[0083] With the emergence of technologies such as virtual reality, augmented reality, the Internet of Things, and vehicle to everything (V2X), the functions of communication networks are evolving towards diversification, and functions such as communication, sensing, computing, and data services can be realized simultaneously. Sensing technologies usually include object positioning, motion detection, and imaging, etc. For example, electromagnetic energy is emitted into space, and objects in space reflect radio waves after receiving the electromagnetic energy. Based on the radio waves reflected by the objects, relevant information about the objects, such as position, direction, height, speed, size, etc., can be calculated.

[0084] Communication-sensing integration is an important application scenario in mobile communication systems. Communication-sensing integration means achieving communication capabilities and sensing capabilities simultaneously through wireless signals. For example, in an autonomous driving scenario, a vehicle sends sensing signals to sense whether there are obstacles in the front environment and relevant information about the obstacles. While sending the sensing signals, it is necessary to take into account the communication services with other communication devices, and it is necessary to mix and transmit communication signals and sensing signals. Therefore, it is particularly important to balance the communication performance and sensing performance of the signals.

[0085] The communication performance and perception performance of a signal are related to the modulation method. When modulating an input signal, the information bits are mapped to a constellation point in the constellation diagram plane. The constellation diagram plane is essentially a complex plane. The abscissa of this complex plane is in-phase, and the ordinate is quadrature. The abscissa and ordinate values of the constellation point in the complex plane represent the I and Q components of the constellation point respectively. Among them, the I and Q components of the constellation point correspond to the I-channel signal and the Q-channel signal. The I-channel signal and the Q-channel signal are modulated by two carriers sint and cost that are orthogonal in the time domain. The modulus of the I and Q components represents the amplitudes of the carriers sint and cost. After modulating the I-channel signal and the Q-channel signal separately, the two signals are integrated to obtain a modulation symbol. Finally, the modulation symbol is subjected to an inverse fourier transform (IFT) to convert the signal from the frequency domain to the time domain, and then a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is added to the time-domain signal and then sent out. Since two orthogonal carriers are used to modulate the information bits, compared with amplitude modulation (AM), its spectral efficiency will be doubled.

[0086] A common modulation method is QAM modulation. For example Figure 1 as shown, it is the constellation diagram of 16-QAM modulation. The 16-QAM signal including 16 constellation points in the constellation diagram of 16-QAM modulation, and each constellation point can represent a vector state. The constellation points in the constellation diagram of 16-QAM modulation are arranged in a square. Then the 16 constellation points correspond to 16 vector states, and the 16 vector states respectively correspond to 16 combinations of carrier amplitudes and phases. For example, in Figure 1 , the combination of amplitude and phase (a1, θ1) corresponding to the constellation point "1100", and the combination of amplitude and phase (a2, θ2) corresponding to the constellation point "0001". It can be seen that a1≠a2, θ1≠θ2, that is to say, the amplitudes and phases corresponding to the constellation points "1100" and "0001" are different. Generally speaking, the 16 constellation points in 16-QAM modulation correspond to 4 different amplitude values and 12 different phase values.

[0087] Since the minimum distance between each constellation point is the same, the probability of error of the signal using 16-QAM modulation during transmission is relatively low, and better communication performance can be obtained. The probability of signal error can be characterized by the symbol error rate (SER), or it can also be characterized by the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is not specifically limited.

[0088] However, in the scenario of communication and sensing integration, the sensing performance of 16-QAM modulation may be weak. The sensing of signals is achieved by the radar transmitting a frequency-modulated continuous wave signal to the environment. After the transmitted signal encounters an obstacle, it is reflected back, and the receiving device receives the echo signal. The echo signal is mixed with the local oscillator signal and, after passing through a low-pass filter, an intermediate-frequency signal is output. Then, the intermediate-frequency signal is sent to a processor for processing such as fast Fourier transform, and the frequency of the intermediate-frequency signal can be obtained. Further, the radar can determine the distance from the obstacle based on the frequency of the intermediate-frequency signal. In this process, the resolution of the radar, that is, the resolution of the radar for distance, speed, and angle, is related to the amplitude of the signal. Continuing with the above example, if 16-QAM modulation is used to transmit the sensing signal, the multiple symbols included in the transmitted signal may correspond to combinations of 4 different amplitude values. The more amplitude values of the transmitted signal, the more likely it is to affect the measurement accuracy of the radar for distance, speed, angle, etc. Therefore, due to the relatively wide distribution of constellation points, the sensing performance of 16-QAM modulation is poor.

[0089] Another common modulation method is multiple phase shift keying (MPSK) modulation. Among them, M can represent the types of symbols of the transmitted signal, including 8PSK, 16PSK, 64PSK, etc. Of course, MPSK modulation also includes BPSK, QPSK, etc. As Figure 2 shown, taking 8PSK as an example, it includes 8 constellation points "000", "001", "011", "010", "110", "111", "101", and "100". Similarly, the I and Q components of a constellation point in 8PSK respectively correspond to the amplitudes of the orthogonal carriers sint and cost in the time domain. By performing amplitude modulation on the carriers sint and cost, the corresponding modulation symbols can be obtained. These 8 constellation points are evenly distributed on a ring, and the radius of the ring corresponds to the amplitude value of the constellation point. It can be seen that the signal amplitude values corresponding to these 8 constellation points are the same, and the constellation points only differ in phase.

[0090] Since the amplitude values of each constellation point in 8-PSK modulation are the same, when the sensing signal is transmitted through this modulation method and the sensing signal reaches the receiving end after being reflected by the environment, a higher measurement accuracy can be obtained when the receiving end performs sensing measurement, that is, the sensing performance is better. However, for MPSK modulation, if the modulation order increases, the number of its constellation points increases, resulting in a reduction in the Euclidean distance between constellation points and affecting the communication performance of the signal.

[0091] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device to improve the communication performance and sensing performance of the modulation method to meet the requirements of ISAC.

[0092] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, such as the new radio (NR) system, the 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS), the wireless local area network (WLAN), the wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, and other future evolved communication systems, etc.

[0093] The embodiments of this application can be applicable to the following scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), multi-site transmission (a same terminal device transmits signals with multiple sites), backhaul scenario, wireless to the x (WTTx), device to device (D2D), or other scenarios with high timing requirements or high transmission rate requirements.

[0094] Exemplarily, Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to the embodiments of this application. As Figure 3 shown, the communication system may include one or more network devices and one or more terminal devices. Among them, the interface between the network device and the terminal device may be a Uu interface (or referred to as an air interface), and data transmission may be performed between the network device and the terminal device through air interface resources.

[0095] Figure 3 FIG. exemplarily shows the scenarios applicable to the embodiments of this application, that is, eMBB ( Figure 3 shown by the solid line in FIG.), multi-site transmission ( Figure 3 shown by the dashed line ① in FIG.), backhaul scenario ( Figure 3 shown by the dashed line ② in FIG.), D2D ( Figure 3 shown by the dashed line ③ in FIG.). It should be understood that Figure 3 the four scenarios shown in FIG. are only examples, and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0096] The network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5th generation (5G) mobile communication system, a base station in a 6th generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc.; it can also be a module or unit that completes some functions of the base station. For example, it can be a central unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The access network device can be a macro base station (such as Figure 3 110a in Figure 3 ), or a micro base station or an indoor station (such as 110b in

[0097] ), or a relay node or a donor node, etc. The specific technologies and specific device forms adopted by the access network device in the embodiments of the present application are not limited. In the embodiments of the present application, a base station is taken as an example of the access network device for description.

[0098] In different systems, the CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN or open RAN or ORAN) system, the CU may also be referred to as O-CU (Open CU), the DU may also be referred to as O-DU, the CU-CP may also be referred to as O-CU-CP, the CU-UP may also be referred to as O-CU-UP, and the RU may also be referred to as O-RU. For the convenience of description, in this application, the CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU are used as examples for description. Any one of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0099] The terminal device may also be referred to as a terminal, a user equipment (UE), a mobile station, a mobile terminal, etc. The terminal device can be widely applied to various scenarios. For example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, remote medical treatment, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, etc. The terminal device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a wearable device, a vehicle, a drone, a helicopter, an airplane, a ship, a robot, a robotic arm, a smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technologies and specific device forms adopted by the terminal device.

[0100] The base station and the UE can be fixed or movable. The base station and the UE can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on the water surface; they can also be deployed on airplanes, balloons, and artificial satellites in the air. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the base station and the UE.

[0101] Communication can be carried out between a base station and a UE, between base stations, and between UEs through licensed spectrum, through unlicensed spectrum, or simultaneously through licensed and unlicensed spectrums; communication can be carried out through spectrums below 6 gigahertz (GHz), through spectrums above 6 GHz, or simultaneously using spectrums below 6 GHz and above 6 GHz. Embodiments of this application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0102] The communication systems and scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art know that with the evolution of network architectures and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0103] In the embodiments of this application, the waveform used for communication between a network device and a terminal device can be a single-carrier waveform or a multi-carrier waveform.

[0104] The following introduces single-carrier and multi-carrier:

[0105] Single-carrier means convolving a serially arranged transmission signal with a roll-off filter to form a transmission signal; multi-carrier means arranging the transmission signals in parallel and forming the transmission signal through the method of inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT).

[0106] Exemplarily, the single-carrier waveform can be a single-carrier - quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveform, and the multi-carrier waveform can be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. In addition, the discrete Fourier transform - spread - orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform is almost equivalent to the traditional single-carrier waveform, but it uses a multi-carrier implementation method and is thus easy to be compatible with OFDM. However, its essence is still a single-carrier waveform, so it can also be considered as a single-carrier.

[0107] Figure 4ASignal processing flowchart of a transmitter of a network device or a terminal device when communicating between the network device and the terminal device using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform.

[0108] As Figure 4A shown, the transmitter modulates the encoded bit stream to obtain a modulated data sequence. The transmitter performs time-domain resource mapping on the reference signal sequence and the modulated sequence (i.e., determines time-domain resources for each sequence, such as determining the OFDM symbols carrying each sequence). The reference signal sequence is, for example, at least one of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence, a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sequence, a tracking reference signal (TRS) sequence, or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) sequence; performs transform precoding on the sequence after time-domain resource mapping (such as a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) operation to transform it to the frequency domain); performs subcarrier mapping on the sequence after DFT (such as mapping it to a resource element (RE)); performs IFFT on the sequence after subcarrier mapping and superimposes a cyclic prefix (CP) to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM sequence.

[0109] The receiver is a process opposite to that of the transmitter. For example, after the receiver obtains the DFT-s-OFDM sequence, it removes the superimposed CP in the sequence and performs operations such as DFT, subcarrier demapping, and IDFT to recover the reference signal sequence, the encoded bit stream, etc.

[0110] It can be understood that Figure 4A the related operations in [[ ]] are only taken as an example. Optionally, other possible operations may also be included, such as at least one of frequency-domain spectrum shaping, serial-to-parallel conversion, parallel-to-serial conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, power amplification, low-noise amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, etc.

[0111] Figure 4BThe flowchart of signal processing of the transmitter of a network device or a terminal device when communicating between the network device and the terminal device using a traditional multi-carrier OFDM waveform. The traditional OFDM waveform modulates information bits to obtain modulation symbols, directly performs sub-carrier mapping in the frequency domain, and maps the modulation symbols to corresponding frequency-domain resources; performs IFFT on the sequence after sub-carrier mapping to transform the signal from the frequency domain to the time domain, adds CP, and then transmits. Correspondingly, after receiving the signal, the receiver performs operations opposite to those of the transmitter, removes the CP of the sequence, and performs operations such as fast Fourier transform (FFT), sub-carrier demapping, IDFT, and demodulation to recover the encoded bit stream.

[0112] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication method. Please refer to Figure 5 , which is the flowchart of this method. This method can be executed by a first communication device and a second communication device. Without special explanation, the "first communication device" in the present application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, Figure 3 the network device or terminal device shown in Figure 3 ), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or it can also be a logical module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device; the "second communication device" in the present application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example,

[0113] S501. The first communication device obtains information bits.

[0114] The information bits can be an encoded bit sequence. Therefore, the information bits can be encoded bits. Among them, the first communication device can use low density parity check code (LDPC) encoding, or use convolutional encoding or polar encoding, etc. to encode the information bits. The present application does not make specific limitations. For example, an example of the encoded bit sequence is 010000100111001111010110101100.

[0115] S502. The first communication device modulates the information bits to obtain modulation symbols.

[0116] Specifically, the information bits can be modulated according to the constellation diagram, and the information bits are mapped to the constellation diagram to obtain modulation symbols.

[0117] S503. The first communication device outputs modulated symbols.

[0118] It can be understood that outputting modulated symbols can mean outputting the modulated symbols to the next processing node. For example, the modulated symbols can be output to the subcarrier mapping unit for resource mapping. It can also mean sending out the modulated symbols. For example, after the modulated symbols go through processes such as subcarrier mapping, IFFT, CP addition, and upconversion, they form a wireless signal and are sent out through the air interface.

[0119] The above S501 - S503 introduce the signal modulation method from the perspective of the first communication device. The following S504 - S505 introduce the signal demodulation method from the perspective of the second communication device. It can be understood that signal demodulation and modulation are opposite processes. For example Figure 4A As shown, for DFT - s - OFDM waveform modulation, after the receiver obtains the DFT - s - OFDM sequence, it removes the superimposed CP in the sequence and performs FFT, subcarrier demapping, equalization, and IDFT to recover the modulated symbols in the signal. Another example is shown in 4B. For traditional OFDM waveforms, after the receiver obtains the sequence, it removes the superimposed CP in the sequence and performs FFT, subcarrier demapping, and equalization to recover the modulated symbols in the signal, without the need to perform the IDFT operation.

[0120] S504. The second communication device obtains modulated symbols.

[0121] S505. The second communication device demodulates the modulated symbols to obtain information bits.

[0122] Among them, the constellation diagram used by the second communication device for demodulating the modulated symbols can be the same as the constellation diagram used by the first communication device for modulating the information bits.

[0123] The following gives a unified introduction to the constellation diagrams used for modulation and demodulation in the embodiments of the present application:

[0124] The constellation diagram in the embodiments of the present application includes 2 M constellation points. In other words, the order of the constellation diagram used for modulation and demodulation is M, and M is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0125] These 2 M constellation points are evenly distributed on 2 concentric rings, and the 2 concentric rings include the first ring and the second ring. As Figure 6 shown, the first ring and the second ring included in the constellation diagram are concentric rings. The radius of the first ring is R1, and the radius of the second ring is R2. Among them, 2 MA number of constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings. It can be understood that the constellation points on each ring are evenly arranged. Correspondingly, the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on each ring is equal, and the phase interval between adjacent constellation points on each ring can be determined according to the number of constellation points on that ring. For example, if there are 16 constellation points on the ring, the phase difference between adjacent constellation points is π / 8. Since the constellation points are evenly distributed on two rings, better sensing performance can be provided.

[0126] It can be understood that the number of constellation points on the first ring and the number of constellation points on the second ring can be the same or different; in other words, the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the second ring can be the same or different.

[0127] There is a phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring, and this phase difference is a first value, and the first value is not 0. That is to say, the phases of adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring are different. Since there is a non-zero phase difference value between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring, the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring can be made larger, thereby providing better communication performance.

[0128] Continue to refer to Figure 6 , there are constellation point 1 and constellation point 3 adjacent to constellation point 2 on the second ring on the first ring. Then there is a phase difference θ1 between constellation point 2 and adjacent constellation point 1, or there is a phase difference θ2 between constellation point 2 and adjacent constellation point 3. θ1 or θ2 is not 0. That is to say, constellation point 2 is not in the same phase as constellation point 1 or constellation point 3, which can increase the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring.

[0129] In a possible design, the first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)], where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are integers. When the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is within this range, the minimum Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points in the constellation diagram is larger, reducing the upper bound of the bit error rate of the system and increasing the communication performance of the modulation method.

[0130] Among them, P and Q can be equal or unequal. For example, M = 5 and the total number of constellation points N = 32. If P = Q = 16, then the first value is between [π / (17), π / (15)]. That is to say, the number of constellation points on the first ring is equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring. Adding a phase shift between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring increases the Euclidean distance between two adjacent constellation points. Among them, the value of the first value can be selected from this range, and a phase shift can be added to the first ring according to this value, or a phase shift can be added to the second ring according to this value, and the specific method is not limited. Another example, M = 5 and the total number of constellation points N = 32. If P = 18 > Q = 14, then the first value is between [π / (19), π / (13)]. Among them, the value of the first value can be selected from this range, and a phase shift can be added to the first ring according to this value, or a phase shift can be added to the second ring, and the specific method is not limited.

[0131] In a specific example, P = Q and the first value is π / P. That is to say, adding a phase shift to the constellation points on the first ring or the second ring makes the phase of the constellation points on the first ring the intermediate phase of the adjacent constellation points on the second ring, or the phase of the constellation points on the second ring the intermediate phase of the adjacent constellation points on the first ring, which can make the minimum Euclidean distance between constellation points larger.

[0132] In a specific example, P ≠ Q and the first value is π / (P + 1), π / (P), π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1). For example, when the number of constellation points on the first ring is P and the number of constellation points on the second ring is Q, a phase shift can be added to the second ring, and the phase shift value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P). That is to say, adding a phase shift to the constellation points on the second ring by taking half of the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring can make the Euclidean distance between constellation points the largest. Or, a phase shift can be added to the first ring, and the phase shift value is π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1). That is to say, adding a phase shift to the constellation points on the first ring by taking half of the phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the second ring can make the Euclidean distance between constellation points the largest.

[0133] In a possible design, M is less than the first threshold. For example, the first threshold can be set to 7, then M takes an integer less than 7, and M can take 4, 5, 6, etc. In this way, when the number of constellation map rings is small, the number of constellation points will not be too large, resulting in too small Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points and affecting the communication performance of the modulation method.

[0134] In a possible design, the radius of the first ring is greater than that of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring can be greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring. In this way, the Euclidean distance between the constellation points on the second ring will not be significantly smaller than the Euclidean distance between the constellation points on the first ring, making the distribution of constellation points more uniform and ensuring the communication performance of the modulation method.

[0135] In a possible design, the value range of the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is [1.2, 1.55]. In this way, the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points in the constellation diagram can be made more reasonable. That is to say, the constellation diagram parameters are presented by the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring. Further normalization processing can be carried out according to the ratio of the radius of the first ring and the second ring to calculate the radii of the first ring and the second ring. For example, given the number of constellation points on the first ring and the second ring, the sum of the squares of the amplitude values of the constellation points can be calculated, representing the energy of the constellation points, and normalization processing can be carried out to make the energy of each constellation point 1, and the radii of the first ring and the second ring can be obtained. Exemplarily, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring can be any one of 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55, which can enable the signal to obtain better communication performance.

[0136] In a specific example, the radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26), making the Euclidean distance between adjacent constellation points in the constellation diagram more reasonable and enabling better communication performance to be obtained.

[0137] Furthermore, to make the signal have the same average power, normalization processing can be carried out on the energy (or power) of the constellation points in the constellation diagram. A specific implementation method is to multiply the radius of the first ring and the radius of the second ring by the same normalization factor to make the average power of each constellation point equal to one.

[0138] Continuing with the above example, if the radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58) and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26), after normalization processing, the radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), and the average power of each constellation point is equal to one. Among them, μ is the normalization factor, which can be calculated using the following formula (1):

[0139]

[0140] Among them, μ is the normalization factor, x is the I-direction coordinate of the constellation point, y is the Q-direction coordinate of the constellation point, i represents the constellation point serial number, and M is the modulation order.

[0141] Exemplarily, when using the modulation method of the present application, with M = 5 and the number of constellation points on the first ring and the second ring being equal, the normalization factor μ = 1 / sqrt(42). Or, when M = 5, the number of constellation points on the first ring is 18 and the number of constellation points on the second ring is 14, the normalization factor μ = 1 / sqrt(44). Or, when M = 5, the number of constellation points on the first ring is 20 and the number of constellation points on the second ring is 12, the normalization factor μ = 1 / sqrt(46).

[0142] In a possible design, the radius of the first ring and / or can be determined according to the amplitude of the constellation points in the constellation diagram used for high - order QAM modulation. It can be understood that the high - order QAM modulation herein is relative to the QAM used for modulation or demodulation in the embodiments of the present application. For example, high - order QAM can refer to QAM with an order larger than M. For example, when M is less than 64, high - order QAM modulation can be 64QAM, 256QAM, 1024QAM, etc.

[0143] In some embodiments, the radius of the first ring can be the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for high - order QAM modulation.

[0144] For example, in the constellation diagram of 64QAM, the amplitude value of the outermost constellation points is 7sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), then this amplitude value can be set as the radius of the first ring. That is, the amplitude value of the outermost constellation points of the M - order APSK modulation constellation diagram is set to be the same as the amplitude value of the outermost constellation points of the 64QAM constellation diagram. Accordingly, the radius of the second ring can be calculated according to the radius ratio of the first ring and the second ring, and the radii of the first ring and the second ring can be obtained. Specifically, refer to Figure 7A In the 64QAM constellation diagram, the amplitude value of the outermost constellation points is 7sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), then this amplitude value is set as the radius R1 of the first ring, R1 = 7sqrt(2) / sqrt(42).

[0145] In some embodiments, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second - outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for high - order QAM modulation.

[0146] For example, in the constellation diagram of 64QAM, the amplitude value of the second - outermost constellation points is 5sqrt(2) / sqrt(42), then this amplitude value can be set as the radius of the first ring. Accordingly, the radius of the second ring can be calculated according to the radius ratio of the first ring and the second ring, and the radii of the first ring and the second ring can be obtained. Among them, the radius of the first ring is set according to high - order QAM modulation, and the radius of the second ring can also be determined according to the radius ratio or can be predefined. The present application does not make specific limitations. Specifically, refer to Figure 7B, in the 64QAM constellation diagram, the amplitude value of the sub-outer layer constellation points is \(5\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\), then set this amplitude value as the radius \(R1 = 5\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\) of the first ring.

[0147] In some embodiments, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost layer constellation points in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM modulation. For example, in the 64QAM constellation diagram, the amplitude value of the innermost layer constellation points is \(\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\), then this amplitude value can be set as the radius of the second ring. Accordingly, the radius of the first ring can be obtained by calculating according to the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring. Specifically, refer to Figure 8A , in the 64QAM constellation diagram, the amplitude value of the innermost layer constellation points is \(\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\), then set this amplitude value as the radius \(R2=\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\) of the second ring. Or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the sub-innermost layer constellation points in the constellation diagram used for high-order QAM modulation. For example, set the radius of the second ring as the amplitude value \(3\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\) of the sub-innermost layer constellation points in the 64QAM constellation diagram, and further calculate the radius of the first ring according to the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring. Among them, the radius of the second ring is set according to high-order QAM modulation, and the radius of the first ring can also be determined according to the radius ratio, or can be predefined, and the present application does not make specific limitations. Specifically, refer to Figure 8B , in the 64QAM constellation diagram, the amplitude value of the sub-innermost layer constellation points is \(3\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\), then set this amplitude value as the radius \(R2 = 3\sqrt{2} / \sqrt{42}\) of the second ring.

[0148] Taking \(M = 5\) as an example below, several possible constellation diagrams are listed.

[0149] Method 1: 16 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. As Figure 9A shown, on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; among them, the phase of the first constellation point is \(0^{\circ}\).

[0150] On the second ring, for the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are successively: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; among them, the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0151] Method 2: 18 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. As Figure 9B shown, on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are successively: 00010, 10010, 11000, 01000, 11001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; among them, the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second ring, for the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are successively: 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00001, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 00011; among them, the phase of the second constellation point is π / 18.

[0152] Or, on the second ring, for the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are successively 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00001, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 00011; among them, the phase of the second constellation point is 0°. On the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are successively: 00010, 10010, 11000, 01000, 11001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; among them, the phase of the first constellation point is π / 14.

[0153] Method 3: 20 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. As Figure 9CAs shown in the figure, on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point and moving counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to each constellation point are as follows: 00111, 00011, 00010, 10010, 11000, 01000, 11001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; among them, the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second ring, for the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point and moving counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to each constellation point are as follows: 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00001, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110; among them, the phase of the second constellation point is π / 20.

[0154] Alternatively, on the second ring, for the second constellation point, starting from the second constellation point and moving counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to each constellation point are as follows: 10001, 10011, 10101, 10111, 10000, 00000, 00001, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110; among them, the phase of the second constellation point is 0°. On the first ring, starting from the first constellation point and moving counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to each constellation point are as follows: 00111, 00011, 00010, 10010, 11000, 01000, 11001, 01001, 01101, 11101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 11111, 011111, 01011, 11011, 01010, 11010; among them, the phase of the first constellation point is π / 10.

[0155] Of course, the above are only some examples, and the actual situation is not limited to this.

[0156] In the embodiments of the present application, the constellation diagram can be specified by a protocol, or configured by a network, or agreed upon by both communicating parties. The embodiments of the present application do not make any restrictions.

[0157] In a possible design, the constellation diagram can be configured by a network. For example, if the first communication device is a network device and the second communication device is a terminal device, then the first communication device can send the first information, and the second communication device can receive the first information; or, if the second communication device is a network device and the first communication device is a terminal device, then the second communication device can send the first information, and the first communication device can receive the first information. Among them, the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram.

[0158] In one implementation, the first information is used to determine the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0159] For example, the first information may include the ratio of the radii of the first ring and the second ring. The first value is pre-configured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0160] Or for example, the first information may include the specific values of the radii of the first ring and the second ring, and the first value is pre-configured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0161] Or for example, the first information may include the specific value of the radius of the first ring, which is determined by the constellation diagram used in K-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The radius value of the second ring and the first value are pre-configured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0162] Or for example, the first information may include the specific value of the radius of the second ring, which is determined by the constellation diagram used in K-order QAM. The radius value of the first ring and the first value are pre-configured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0163] Of course, the above are only some examples, and the actual situation is not limited to this.

[0164] In one implementation, the first information is used to determine the phase difference (i.e., the first value) between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring.

[0165] For example, the first information includes the first value of the phase difference, and the specific values of the radii of the first ring and the second ring are pre-configured by the network device or predefined by the protocol.

[0166] For example, the first information includes the ratio of the radii of the first ring and the second ring and the phase difference.

[0167] In some embodiments, the above first information is carried in a signaling. The signaling includes but is not limited to radio resource control (RRC) signaling, or medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) signaling, or downlink control information (DCI) signaling, and is not specifically limited.

[0168] In some other embodiments, the sending end (such as the first communication device) carries the first information in the sending signal, specifically, the first information can be added to the sending signal. Correspondingly, after obtaining the received signal, the receiving end (such as the second communication device) can determine the constellation diagram according to the first information at the front end of the received signal for demodulating subsequent signals.

[0169] It can be understood that the above embodiments can be implemented separately or in combination with each other, and the embodiments of the present application do not make any restrictions. The methods provided by the embodiments of the present application are introduced above, and the devices provided by the embodiments of the present application are introduced below.

[0170] Figure 10 The structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application is given. The communication device 1000 may be Figure 5 the circuit system of the first communication device described in the embodiment shown, and is used to implement the method corresponding to the first communication device in the above method embodiment. Alternatively, the communication device 1000 may be Figure 5 the circuit system of the second communication device described in the embodiment shown, and is used to implement the method corresponding to the second communication device in the above method embodiment. Among them, for example, a circuit system is a chip system.

[0171] The communication device 1000 includes at least one processor 1001. The processor 1001 can be used for internal processing of the device to implement certain control processing functions. Optionally, the processor 1001 includes instructions. Optionally, the processor 1001 can store data. Optionally, different processors can be independent devices, can be located at different physical locations, and can be located on different integrated circuits. Optionally, different processors can be integrated in one or more processors, for example, integrated on one or more integrated circuits.

[0172] Optionally, the communication device 1000 includes one or more memories 1003 for storing instructions. Optionally, data may also be stored in the memory 1003. The processor and the memory can be provided separately or integrated together.

[0173] Optionally, the communication device 1000 includes a communication line 1002 and at least one communication interface 1004. Among them, since the memory 1003, the communication line 1002, and the communication interface 1004 are all optional, they are Figure 10 represented by dashed lines in all.

[0174] Optionally, the communication device 1000 may further include a transceiver and / or an antenna. Among them, the transceiver can be used to send information to other devices or receive information from other devices. The transceiver can be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, an input / output interface, etc., and is used to implement the transceiver function of the communication device 1000 through the antenna. Optionally, the transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver. Exemplarily, the transmitter can be used to generate a radio frequency signal from a baseband signal, and the receiver can be used to convert a radio frequency signal into a baseband signal.

[0175] The processor 1001 may include a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the solution of the present application.

[0176] The communication line 1002 may include a path for transmitting information between the above components.

[0177] The communication interface 1004 uses any device of the transceiver type for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wired access networks, etc.

[0178] The memory 1003 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or may also be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1003 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 1001 through the communication line 1002. Alternatively, the memory 1003 may also be integrated with the processor 1001.

[0179] Among them, the memory 1003 is used to store the computer execution instructions for executing the solution of the present application and is controlled by the processor 1001 for execution. The processor 1001 is used to execute the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 1003, so as to implement Figure 5 the steps performed by the first communication device or the second communication device described in the illustrated embodiment.

[0180] Optionally, the computer execution instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application code, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations thereon.

[0181] In a specific implementation, as an example, the processor 1001 may include one or more CPUs, such as Figure 10 CPU0 and CPU1 in

[0182] In a specific implementation, as an example, the communication device 1000 may include multiple processors, such as Figure 10 processor 1001 and processor 1005 in

[0183] When Figure 10 the device shown is a chip, such as a chip of a first communication device or a chip of a second communication device, then the chip includes a processor 1001 (and may also include a processor 1005), a communication line 1002, and a communication interface 1004. Optionally, it may include a memory 1003. Specifically, the communication interface 1004 may be an input interface, a pin, or a circuit, etc. The memory 1003 may be a register, a cache, etc. The processor 1001 and the processor 1005 may be a general-purpose CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or an integrated circuit for controlling the execution of a program for any of the above-described communication methods.

[0184] Embodiments of the present application may perform a functional module division on the device according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, in the case of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a device. The device 1100 may be the first communication device or the second communication device involved in the above method embodiments, or a chip in the first communication device or a chip in the second communication device. The device 1100 includes a processing unit 1102 and a transceiver unit 1101.

[0185] It should be understood that the device 1100 may be used to implement the steps performed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the communication method of the embodiments of the present application. Related features may refer to the above Figure 5 illustrated embodiments and will not be elaborated herein.

[0186] Optionally, Figure 11The functions / implementation processes of the transceiver unit 1101 and the processing unit 1102 therein can be implemented by Figure 10 the processor 1001 in Figure 11 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1003. Alternatively, Figure 10 the functions / implementation processes of the processing unit 1102 therein can be implemented by Figure 11 the processor 1001 in Figure 10 invoking the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 1003, and

[0187] the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver unit 1101 therein can be implemented by the communication interface 1004 in

[0188] Optionally, when the device 1100 is a chip or a circuit, the functions / implementation processes of the transceiver unit 1101 can also be implemented by pins or circuits, etc. Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 may include a sending unit and / or a receiving unit. The sending unit is used to implement the sending function, and the receiving unit is used to implement the receiving function; or, the transceiver unit 1101 may be an integrated module that can implement the sending function and / or the receiving function. Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 can be implemented by a transceiver.

[0188] In an alternative embodiment, the device 1100 is used to implement the method executed by the first communication device.

[0189] Exemplarily, the processing unit 1102 is used to obtain information bits, modulate the information bits to obtain modulation symbols; the transceiver unit 1101 is used to output the modulation symbols.

[0190] Optionally, the first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0191] Optionally, the first value is π / P, where P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0192] Optionally, the first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), where P ≠ Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0193] Optionally, the radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

[0194] Optionally, the value range of the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is [1.2, 1.55].

[0195] Exemplarily, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0196] Optionally, the radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26); or, the radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0197] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 16 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point and moving counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to each constellation point are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; where the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second ring, starting from the second constellation point and moving counterclockwise, the bits corresponding to each constellation point are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; where the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0198] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 18 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, and the 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0199] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; where the bit corresponding to the first constellation point is 00010, and the bit corresponding to the second constellation point is 10001.

[0200] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 20 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, and the 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0201] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval between constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval between constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval between constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval between constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; where the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111 and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0202] Optionally, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0203] Optionally, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0204] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 is configured to: send or receive first information, where the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram used for modulation, and the first information includes the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0205] In an alternative embodiment, the apparatus 1100 is configured to implement the method performed by the second communication device.

[0206] Exemplarily, the transceiver unit 1101 is configured to obtain modulation symbols; the processing unit 1102 is configured to demodulate the modulation symbols to obtain information bits.

[0207] Optionally, the first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0208] Optionally, the first value is π / P, where P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0209] Optionally, the first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), where P ≠ Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

[0210] Optionally, the radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

[0211] Optionally, the value range of the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is [1.2, 1.55].

[0212] Exemplarily, the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.45, 1.48, 1.5, 1.52, 1.55.

[0213] Optionally, the radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26); or, the radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

[0214] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 16 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: on the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the respective constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; where the phase of the first constellation point is 0°; on the second ring, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the respective constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; where the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

[0215] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 18 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, and the 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0216] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval between the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval between the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval between the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval between the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; where the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00010, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0217] Optionally, when M is equal to 5, 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where:

[0218] The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval between the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval between the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval between the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval between the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; where the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

[0219] Optionally, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0220] Optionally, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for QAM of K-order quadrature amplitude modulation, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

[0221] Optionally, the transceiver unit 1101 is used to: receive or send first information, where the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram for demodulation, and the first information includes the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

[0222] It should be understood that all relevant contents of the steps involved in the above method embodiments can be cited in the function descriptions of the corresponding functional modules, and will not be elaborated here.

[0223] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are run, the methods executed by the first communication device or the second communication device in the foregoing method embodiments are implemented. In this way, the functions described in the above embodiments can be implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that makes a contribution, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application. The storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0224] The present application also provides a computer program product, which includes computer program code. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the methods executed by the first communication device or the second communication device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0225] An embodiment of the present application further provides a processing device, including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the methods executed by the first communication device or the second communication device involved in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0226] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wirelessly (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more integrated available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)), etc.

[0227] In the embodiments of the present application, the various illustrative logical units and circuits described can be implemented or operated to perform the described functions by a design of a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an ASIC, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of the above. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor. Optionally, the general-purpose processor can also be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor can also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration.

[0228] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embedded in hardware, software units executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software units may be stored in a RAM, flash memory, ROM, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, register, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium in the art. Exemplarily, the storage medium may be connected to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium may also be integrated into the processor. The processor and the storage medium may be provided in an ASIC, and the ASIC may be provided in a terminal device. Optionally, the processor and the storage medium may also be provided in different components of the terminal device.

[0229] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, and thus the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or blocks Figure 1 or multiple blocks.

[0230] The content in the various embodiments of the present application may be referred to each other. If there is no special description and logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and may be mutually referred to. The technical features in different embodiments may be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0231] It can be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the first communication device and / or the second communication device may execute some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the present application. These steps or operations are only examples. In the embodiments of the present application, other operations or various deformations of the operations may also be executed. In addition, the various steps may be executed in different orders presented in the embodiments of the present application, and it is possible that not all of the operations in the embodiments of the present application are to be executed.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, including: obtaining information bits; Modulate the information bits to obtain modulation symbols. The constellation diagram used for the modulation includes 2 M constellation points. The 2 M constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings. Among them, the two concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring. The phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is a first value, and the first value is not 0. M is an integer greater than 1; outputting the modulation symbols.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first value is π / P, where P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), where P ≠ Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The value range of the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is [1.2, 1.55].

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is any of the following: 1.2、1.3、1.4、1.45、1.48、1.5、1.52、1.55。 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The radius of the first ring R1 = sqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = sqrt(26); or, The radius of the first ring R1 = μsqrt(58), and the radius of the second ring R2 = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When M is equal to 5, 16 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: On the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; where the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second ring, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; where the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When M is equal to 5, 18 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 14 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, and the 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where: The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 18, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 7, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 14, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 9; Among them, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00010, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, When M is equal to 5, 20 of the 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 12 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring. The 32 constellation points satisfy the Gray mapping rule, where: The phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is π / 20, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6; or, the phase of the second constellation point on the second ring is 0°, the phase interval of the constellation points on the second ring is π / 6, the phase of the first constellation point on the first ring is π / 12, and the phase interval of the constellation points on the first ring is π / 10; Among them, the bits corresponding to the first constellation point are 00111, and the bits corresponding to the second constellation point are 10001.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 11, characterized in that The radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or 9 to 12, characterized in that, The radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for QAM of K-order quadrature amplitude modulation, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The method further includes: Sending or receiving the first information, where the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram used for the modulation, and the first information includes the radius ratio of the first ring to the second ring.

15. A communication method, characterized in that, Including: Obtaining modulation symbols; Demodulate the modulation symbols to obtain information bits. The constellation diagram used for the demodulation includes 2 M constellation points. The 2 M constellation points are evenly distributed on two concentric rings. Among them, the two concentric rings include a first ring and a second ring. The phase difference between adjacent constellation points on the first ring and the second ring is a first value, and the first value is not 0. M is an integer greater than 1.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein The first value is between [π / (P + 1), π / (Q - 1)]; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that, The first value is π / P, and P = Q; where P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

18. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The first value is π / (P + 1) or π / (P) or π / (Q) or π / (Q - 1), where P ≠ Q; wherein, P is the number of constellation points on the first ring, Q is the number of constellation points on the second ring, and both P and Q are positive integers.

19. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that, The radius of the first ring is greater than the radius of the second ring, and the number of constellation points on the first ring is greater than or equal to the number of constellation points on the second ring.

20. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that The value range of the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is [1.2, 1.55].

21. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that The ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring is any one of the following: 1.2、1.3、1.4、1.45、1.48、1.5、1.52、1.55。 22. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that, The radius R1 of the first ring = sqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = sqrt(26); or, The radius R1 of the first ring = μsqrt(58), and the radius R2 of the second ring = μsqrt(26), where μ is a normalization factor.

23. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that, When M is equal to 5, 16 out of 32 constellation points are evenly distributed on the first ring, and the remaining 16 constellation points are evenly distributed on the second ring, where: On the first ring, starting from the first constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 11000, 01000, 01001, 11001, 11101, 01101, 01100, 11100, 11110, 01110, 01111, 11111, 11011, 01011, 01010, 11010; wherein, the phase of the first constellation point is 0°. On the second ring, starting from the second constellation point, the bits corresponding to the constellation points in the counterclockwise direction are: 10000, 00000, 00001, 10001, 10101, 00101, 00100, 10100, 10110, 00110, 00111, 10111, 10011, 00011, 00010, 10010; wherein, the phase of the second constellation point is π / 16.

24. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21 or 23, characterized in that, The radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is a positive integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the first ring is the same as the amplitude of the second outermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

25. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 21 or 23 to 24, characterized in that, The radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for K-order quadrature amplitude modulation K-QAM, where K is an integer greater than or equal to M; or, the radius of the second ring is the same as the amplitude of the second innermost constellation points in the constellation diagram used for QAM of K-order quadrature amplitude modulation, and K is an integer greater than or equal to M.

26. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 25, characterized in that The method further includes: Receiving or sending the first information, where the first information is used to determine the constellation diagram used for demodulation, and the first information includes the ratio of the radius of the first ring to the radius of the second ring.

27. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or includes a module for performing the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

28. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor and a memory, the memory is used for storing a computer program, and the processor is used for executing the computer program stored on the memory, so that the communication device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or so that the communication device performs the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium is used for storing a computer program, and when the computer program runs on a computer, it causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or causes the computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

30. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first communication device and a second communication device, the first communication device is used for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, and the second communication device is used for performing the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

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