Spinach soilless culture device

Abstract

According to the spinach soilless culture device, spiral blade-vortex blade synergistic stirring, spectrum-adjustable LED and photovoltaic power supply linkage and modular rotary culture boxes are adopted, a liquid storage structure and a conveying structure convey nutrient liquid to a culture main body structure, the nutrient liquid can be evenly mixed, the nutrient absorption efficiency can be improved, and the yield of the spinach can be increased. The spinach soilless culture device is simple in structure, convenient to use, capable of optimizing photosynthesis efficiency and capable of improving the space utilization rate and mechanical harvesting convenience through a rotatable culture box structure. The device is characterized by comprising a liquid storage structure, a supporting structure, a cultivation main body structure and a conveying structure, the supporting structure is arranged on the liquid storage structure, the cultivation main body structure is arranged on the supporting structure, the conveying structure is connected with the liquid storage structure and the cultivation main body structure, and soilless cultivation of spinach is achieved; the liquid storage structure is composed of a liquid storage tank, a plug cover, a drainage valve, a drainage pipe, a first motor, a liquid inlet groove, a spiral blade and a rotating shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The soilless cultivation device for spinach of the present invention relates to a device for soilless cultivation of spinach, belonging to the technical field of soilless hydroponics. In particular, it relates to a cultivation device that realizes uniform mixing of nutrient solution, improves nutrient absorption efficiency, optimizes photosynthesis efficiency, and enhances space utilization rate and convenience of mechanized harvesting through the cooperative stirring of spiral blades and eddy blades, the linkage of adjustable spectrum LEDs and photovoltaic power supply, and a modular rotating cultivation box. The nutrient solution is transported to the main cultivation structure by a liquid storage structure and a conveying structure, so as to realize uniform mixing of the nutrient solution, improve the nutrient absorption efficiency, and optimize the photosynthesis efficiency. At the same time, through the rotatable cultivation box structure, the space utilization rate and the convenience of mechanized harvesting are improved. Background Art

[0002] Soilless hydroponics technology is a plant cultivation method that does not rely on soil. By directly immersing or contacting the plant roots with a liquid containing nutrients (such as nutrient solution), and using physical support or other means to fix the plants, so that they can grow normally. Spinach is a short-day plant with a relatively short growth cycle (about 40 - 60 days), which is very suitable for rapid cultivation in a controlled environment. Moreover, the requirements of spinach for light, temperature and water are relatively stable, and it is easy to achieve high yields through artificial environment control. The existing soilless hydroponics devices for spinach mainly include floating plate hydroponics systems, deep flow and spray hydroponics systems. Among them, in the floating plate hydroponics system, spinach seedlings are fixed on a foam board or plastic board floating on the surface of the nutrient solution, and the plant roots directly absorb the nutrients in the nutrient solution. In the static flow mode, bacteria and algae are likely to grow in the nutrient solution, which affects the health of the plants, and a nutrient solution pool with a relatively large depth requires a high maintenance cost; in the deep flow method, the roots of spinach are immersed in a relatively deep nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution is continuously updated and stirred by a circulation pump to ensure oxygen supply. This method requires a large container and a high maintenance cost, and hypoxia problems are likely to occur during the nutrient solution circulation process; the traditional spray hydroponics system atomizes the nutrient solution by high-pressure spraying and directly sprays it onto the spinach roots, so that they absorb water and nutrients in the air. The equipment is complex and the maintenance cost is high, and the spraying will cause waste of the nutrient solution.

[0003] The patent No. CN210406551U discloses a water circulation structure of a multi-layer hydroponics device, which relates to the technical field of hydroponics planting devices, including a water tank arranged below the planting trough at the bottom layer, and columns arranged between adjacent planting troughs. The columns are hollow and tubular. Installation through holes are opened at the four corners of the planting trough, and the ends of the columns are inserted into the installation through holes. An inlet communicating with the inside of the planting trough is opened in one of the installation through holes, and a drain communicating with the inside of the planting trough is opened in the other installation through hole. A three-way pipe is arranged at the lower end of the lowermost column, and the three-way pipe is communicated with the water tank. This device has problems such as uneven dissolved oxygen and mixing of the nutrient solution, low light energy utilization rate, insufficient photosynthesis efficiency, and difficulty in mechanized harvesting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to improve the above situation, the present invention provides a spinach soilless cultivation device that provides a spiral blade-vortex blade coordinated stirring, adjustable spectrum LED and photovoltaic power supply linkage, modular rotating cultivation box, and a liquid storage structure and a conveying structure to convey nutrient liquid to the cultivation main structure, which can achieve uniform mixing of the nutrient solution, improve nutrient absorption efficiency, and optimize photosynthesis efficiency. At the same time, the rotatable cultivation box structure can improve the space utilization and convenience of mechanized harvesting.

[0005] The spinach soilless cultivation device of the present invention is realized as follows: the spinach soilless cultivation device of the present invention comprises a liquid storage structure, a support structure, a cultivation main body structure and a conveying structure; The invention is characterized in that the supporting structure is placed on the liquid storage structure, the main cultivation structure is placed on the supporting structure, and the conveying structure is connected to the liquid storage structure and the main cultivation structure respectively, so as to realize soilless cultivation of spinach; The liquid storage structure is composed of a liquid storage box, a plug cover, a drain valve, a drain pipe, a first motor, a liquid inlet tank, a spiral blade, and a rotating shaft. The top surface of the liquid storage box is provided with a liquid inlet tank, the liquid inlet tank is provided with a plug cover, and a sealing strip is arranged outside the spiral wall of the plug cover; A drain valve and a drain pipe are arranged at the bottom of the side of the liquid storage tank. The rotating shaft passes through the interior of the liquid storage tank and one end thereof is connected to the first motor. The first motor is arranged at one end of the liquid storage tank. A spiral blade is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft. The support structure is composed of a photovoltaic film, a top frame, and a vertical frame. The two vertical frames are respectively placed vertically at both ends of the liquid storage tank, the top frame is placed on the two vertical frames, and the top of the top frame is covered with a photovoltaic film; The main cultivation structure is composed of a cultivation trough, a second motor, a cultivation box, an adjustable spectrum LED light board, a rotating support column, a grid partition, a stepper motor, and vortex blades. The cultivation box is fixed on a vertical frame between a liquid storage tank and a top frame. Rotating support columns are respectively arranged on the outer sides of both ends of the cultivation box. The rotating support column on one side is connected to the second motor installed on the vertical frame. A plurality of cultivation troughs are arranged on the top surface of the cultivation box, and a plurality of vortex blades are arranged on the lower bottom surface inside the cultivation box. The plurality of cultivation troughs correspond to the plurality of vortex blades one by one. The plurality of vortex blades are connected to a plurality of stepper motors correspondingly. The plurality of cultivation troughs are separated by a plurality of corresponding grid partitions. An adjustable spectrum LED light board is arranged on the outer bottom of the cultivation box. There can be a plurality of cultivation boxes. There can be a plurality of the second motors corresponding to the cultivation boxes. There can be a plurality of the adjustable spectrum LED light boards corresponding to the cultivation boxes. The conveying structure is composed of a water pipe, an air pump, an air pipe, an air stone, and a water pump. The water pipes on both sides are respectively connected to the two ends of the liquid storage tank and the cultivation box. The water pump is placed at one end of the water pipe in the liquid storage tank. The air stone is placed in the liquid storage tank and connected to the air pump placed outside the liquid storage tank through the air pipe. Furthermore, a plurality of leakage holes are arranged on the spiral blade. Beneficial Effects

[0006] 1. It can ensure uniform distribution of nutrient solution, sufficient dissolved oxygen, and reduce resource consumption.

[0007] 2. The adjustable-spectrum LED lamp board provides specific-wavelength light as needed, which can shorten the growth cycle.

[0008] 3. It is convenient for mechanized harvesting or adjusting the cultivation angle to adapt to large-scale production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a soilless cultivation device for spinach according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a soilless cultivation device for spinach according to the present invention; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a plug cover of a soilless cultivation device for spinach according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of Example 2 of a soilless cultivation device for spinach according to the present invention. DRAWINGS

[0010] Wherein: photovoltaic film (1), top frame (2), cultivation tank (3), vertical frame (4), water conduit (5), air pump (6), air duct (7), liquid storage tank (8), plug cover (9), drain valve (10), drain pipe (11), first motor (12), second motor (13), cultivation box (14), adjustable-spectrum LED lamp board (15), rotating support column (16), grid partition (17), stepper motor (18), eddy current blade (19), liquid inlet tank (20), spiral blade (21), rotating shaft (22), air bubble stone (23), water pump (24), sealing strip (25), leakage hole (26). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Example 1

[0011] A soilless cultivation device for spinach according to the present invention is realized as follows: A soilless cultivation device for spinach according to the present invention includes a liquid storage structure, a support structure, a cultivation main body structure, and a conveying structure; It is characterized in that the support structure is placed on the liquid storage structure, the cultivation main body structure is placed on the support structure, and the conveying structure is respectively connected to the liquid storage structure and the cultivation main body structure to realize soilless cultivation of spinach; The liquid storage structure consists of a liquid storage tank (8), a plug cover (9), a drain valve (10), a drain pipe (11), a first motor (12), a liquid inlet trough (20), a spiral blade (21), a rotating shaft (22), and a sealing strip (25). A liquid inlet trough (20) is provided on the top surface of the liquid storage tank (8), and the liquid inlet trough (20) is equipped with a plug cover (9). A sealing strip (25) is externally provided on the spiral wall of the plug cover (9). A drain valve (10) and a drain pipe (11) are provided at the bottom of the side of the liquid storage tank (8). The rotating shaft (22) passes through the inside of the liquid storage tank (8) and one end of it is connected to the first motor (12). The first motor (12) is placed at one end of the liquid storage tank (8), and a spiral blade (21) is provided on the surface of the rotating shaft (22). Preferably, the inner wall of the liquid storage tank (8) is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the surface is a hydrophobic and smooth structure; Preferably, a magneto-fluid seal is provided at the connection between the liquid storage tank (8) and the rotating shaft (22), The support structure consists of a photovoltaic thin film (1), a top frame (2), and a vertical frame (4). Two vertical frames (4) are respectively vertically placed at both ends of the liquid storage tank (8), the top frame (2) is placed on the two vertical frames (4), and a photovoltaic thin film (1) is covered on the top of the top frame (2); Preferably, the photovoltaic thin film (1) is a perovskite flexible photovoltaic thin film, and a microprism structure is integrated on the surface of the thin film; The cultivation main body structure consists of a cultivation trough (3), a second motor (13), a cultivation box (14), an adjustable-spectrum LED lamp board (15), a rotating support column (16), a grid partition (17), a stepper motor (18), and a vortex blade (19). The cultivation box (14) is fixed on the vertical frame (4) between the liquid storage tank (8) and the top frame (2). Rotating support columns (16) are respectively provided on the outer sides of both ends of the cultivation box (14). One side of the rotating support column (16) is connected to the second motor (13) installed on a vertical frame (4). A plurality of cultivation troughs (3) are provided on the top surface of the cultivation box (14), and a plurality of vortex blades (19) are provided on the bottom surface inside the cultivation box (14). The plurality of cultivation troughs (3) correspond to the plurality of vortex blades (19) one by one. The plurality of vortex blades (19) are correspondingly connected to a plurality of stepper motors (18). The plurality of cultivation troughs (3) are separated by corresponding plurality of grid partitions (17). An adjustable-spectrum LED lamp board (15) is provided at the bottom of the outside of the cultivation box (14). There can be multiple cultivation boxes (14), and there can be multiple second motors corresponding to the cultivation boxes (14); there can be multiple adjustable-spectrum LED lamp boards (15) corresponding to the cultivation boxes (14); The conveying structure is composed of a water guide pipe (5), an air pump (6), an air guide pipe (7), an air bubble stone (23), and a water pump (24). The water guide pipes (5) on both sides are respectively connected to the two ends of a liquid storage tank (8) and a cultivation tank (14). A water pump (24) is arranged at one end of the water guide pipe (5) inside the liquid storage tank (8). The air bubble stone (23) is placed inside the liquid storage tank (8) and is connected to the air pump (6) placed outside the liquid storage tank (8) through the air guide pipe (7). Preferably, the water guide pipe (5) adopts an L-shaped bending structure with a smooth inner wall and no sharp corners, ensuring smooth liquid flow and minimizing resistance. Preferably, the water guide pipe (5) is a flexible pipe. During use, unscrew the plug (9), inject nutrient solution into the liquid storage tank (8) through the liquid inlet groove (20). The plug (9) closes the liquid inlet. The sealing strip (25) on the outer side of the spiral wall of the plug (9) closely fits the liquid inlet groove (20) when closed, preventing contamination or volatilization. The first motor (13) drives the rotation of the rotating shaft, driving the spiral blade (21) to rotate inside the liquid storage tank, ensuring that the nutrient solution is evenly stirred, guaranteeing the full dissolution and mixing of nutrients. At the same time, the air pump (6) transports air to the air bubble stone (23) inside the liquid storage tank (8) through the air guide pipe (7), generating microbubbles and increasing the dissolved oxygen content of the nutrient solution. When it is necessary to clean or replace the liquid inside the liquid storage tank (8), the old liquid can be discharged through the drain valve (10) and the drain pipe (11), and new liquid can be injected again. The design of the spiral blade (21) can wash the impurities on the inner wall of the liquid storage tank (8), reducing residues. The water pump (24) transports the nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank (8) to the cultivation tank (14) through the water guide pipe (5) and returns it to the liquid storage tank (8) through the water guide pipe (5) on the other side, forming a circulating flow. The eddy current blade (19) at the bottom of the cultivation tank (14) is independently driven by a stepper motor (18), forming a local eddy current below the cultivation tank (3) by adjusting the rotation speed, slowing down the flow rate of the nutrient solution, and ensuring that the roots evenly absorb nutrients. The photovoltaic film (1) covering the top frame (2) converts solar energy into electrical energy to supply power to the adjustable spectrum LED light board (15), the first motor (12), the second motor (13), and the air pump (6). According to the growth stage of spinach (for example, blue light is required in the seedling stage to promote leaf growth, and red light is required in the mature stage to promote the accumulation of photosynthetic products), the spectral ratio of the adjustable spectrum LED light board (15) is dynamically adjusted. The second motor (13) can rotate forward and backward, driving the cultivation tank (14) to slowly deflect back and forth as a whole through the rotating support column (16), making the spinach seedlings in each cultivation tank (3) receive light evenly, avoiding local light deficiency caused by a fixed position, and facilitating picking. Through the above work process, this soilless cultivation device can provide an optimized growth environment for spinach and achieve an efficient and healthy planting process. Embodiment 2

[0012] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in that a plurality of leakage holes (26) are provided on the spiral blade (21); When the spiral blade (21) rotates, the leakage holes (26) cut the nutrient solution into multiple thin streams through the fluid shear effect, forming local turbulence, which can break the stratification phenomenon of the nutrient solution, avoid the accumulation of sediment, ensure the uniform distribution of nutrients, cover the mixing blind area, and improve the mixing efficiency; moreover, it can generate a shearing effect on the adhering particles, reduce the attachment of impurities such as algae and calcium salts on the blade surface, reduce the risk of blockage, and the through structure of the leakage holes (26) allows larger particles to pass through, avoiding jamming and prolonging the service life of the spiral blade (21); at the same time, the leakage holes (26) can disperse the fluid pressure during the rotation of the spiral blade (21), reduce the overall stirring resistance, and have a significant energy-saving effect.

[0013] The design that the one-side rotating support column (16) is connected to the second motor (13) enables each cultivation tank (3) to be periodically exposed to the optimal irradiation angle during rotation, optimizing the light-receiving uniformity. When the multi-layer cultivation box (14) rotates, the staggered layout can avoid the upper layer blocking the lower layer, improving the space utilization rate; the rotation is synchronized with the harvesting, which can improve the harvesting efficiency; A plurality of eddy current blades (19) are provided on the lower bottom surface inside the cultivation box (14), and the plurality of cultivation tanks (3) correspond to the plurality of eddy current blades (19) one by one. The design that the plurality of eddy current blades (19) are correspondingly connected to a plurality of stepping motors (18) forms a "one-tank-one-control" mode. According to different growth stages of spinach (such as low flow rate in the seedling stage and high flow rate in the mature stage), the stepping motor (18) adjusts the rotation speed of the eddy current blade (19) to slow down the flow rate of the nutrient solution. For the cultivation tanks (3) with different growth trends, the liquid supply amount can be increased separately to avoid the waste of resources in global unified regulation; The design that the plurality of cultivation tanks (3) are separated by corresponding grid partitions (17) can limit the lateral expansion of the roots, avoid the competitive entanglement of different plants, and reduce the nutrient leakage caused by damage; the grid structure shears the nutrient solution fluid, which can promote the renewal of the gas-liquid interface, improve the oxygen dissolution uniformity in the root area, and reduce the incidence of root rot; The design that the water pipes (5) on both sides are respectively connected to the two ends of the liquid storage tank (8) and the cultivation box (14), and a water pump (24) is provided at one end of the water pipe (5) in the liquid storage tank (8), can realize efficient liquid circulation, form a complete circulation system, help to evenly distribute nutrients, and timely supplement the water and nutrients required by plants. Moreover, it can reduce the chance of the liquid contacting the outside world, reduce the pollution risk, and at the same time prevent the possibility of liquid leakage; The photovoltaic thin film (1) is a perovskite flexible photovoltaic thin film. The design of integrating a microprism structure on the surface of the thin film has a photoelectric conversion efficiency far higher than that of traditional crystalline silicon solar cells, and can significantly improve the energy utilization efficiency; the light transmittance of the photovoltaic thin film (1) > 30%, enabling it to allow light to pass through while maintaining a high photoelectric conversion efficiency, being able to generate electricity and meet the lighting requirements at the same time; the microprism structure integrated on the surface of the photovoltaic thin film (1) can effectively control the light propagation path, reduce reflection loss, and increase the absorption length of light in the photovoltaic material, which helps to further improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency; The inner wall of the liquid storage tank (8) is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the surface is designed with a hydrophobic and smooth structure, which can prevent the adhesion of nutrient solution and reduce the growth of algae; moreover, it can reduce the rotation resistance of the spiral blade (21) and save the energy consumption of the first motor (12); A magnetic fluid seal ring is provided at the connection between the liquid storage tank (8) and the rotating shaft (22). The design of filling magnetic liquid in the seal ring completely isolates the risk of nutrient solution leakage and avoids corroding the first motor (12); at the same time, it can reduce the rotational friction of the rotating shaft (22) and extend the service life; The water guide pipe (5) adopts an L-shaped bending structure, and the inner wall is designed to be smooth and without sharp corners, which can reduce the liquid flow resistance, ensure smooth liquid flow and minimize the resistance, and improve the conveying efficiency; It can achieve the purpose of uniformly mixing the nutrient solution, improving the nutrient absorption efficiency, optimizing the photosynthesis efficiency, and at the same time, through the rotatable cultivation box structure, improving the space utilization rate and the convenience of mechanized harvesting by means of the coordinated stirring of the spiral blade - eddy current blade, the linkage of the adjustable spectrum LED and photovoltaic power supply, and the modular rotating cultivation box, with the liquid storage structure and the conveying structure transporting the nutrient liquid as the main cultivation structure.

[0014] It should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "placed", "connected", and "joined" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixed connection methods such as hem connection, rivet connection, pin connection, bonding connection, and welding connection, or detachable connection methods such as threaded connection, snap connection, and hinge connection, or integral connection, or electrical connection, or directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0015] It should be further pointed out that when describing the above specific embodiments, for the sake of simplicity and clarity, only the differences from other embodiments are described. However, those skilled in the art should know that the above specific embodiments are also independent technical solutions in themselves.

Claims

1. A soilless cultivation device for spinach, comprising a liquid storage structure, a support structure, a cultivation main body structure and a conveying structure; characterized in that: The support structure is placed on the liquid storage structure, and the cultivation main structure is placed on the support structure. The conveying structure is respectively connected to the liquid storage structure and the cultivation main structure to achieve soilless cultivation of spinach. The liquid storage structure is composed of a liquid storage tank, a plug cover, a drain valve, a drain pipe, a first motor, a liquid inlet groove, a spiral blade and a rotating shaft. A liquid inlet groove is arranged on the top surface of the liquid storage tank, and the liquid inlet groove is equipped with a plug cover. A drain valve and a drain pipe are arranged at the bottom of the side of the liquid storage tank. The rotating shaft passes through the inside of the liquid storage tank and one end of it is connected to the first motor. The first motor is placed at one end of the liquid storage tank. A spiral blade is arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft. The support structure is composed of a photovoltaic film, a top frame and a vertical frame. Two vertical frames are respectively vertically placed at both ends of the liquid storage tank, and the top frame is placed on the two vertical frames. The top of the top frame is covered with a photovoltaic film. The cultivation main structure is composed of cultivation grooves, a second motor, a cultivation box, an adjustable spectrum LED lamp panel, a rotating support column, a grid partition, a stepping motor and a vortex blade. The cultivation box is fixed on the vertical frame between the liquid storage tank and the top frame. Rotating support columns are respectively arranged on the outer sides of both ends of the cultivation box. One side of the rotating support column is connected to the second motor installed on the vertical frame. A plurality of cultivation grooves are arranged on the upper top surface of the cultivation box. A plurality of vortex blades are arranged on the lower bottom surface inside the cultivation box. The plurality of vortex blades are correspondingly connected to a plurality of stepping motors. The plurality of cultivation grooves are separated by corresponding grid partitions. An adjustable spectrum LED lamp panel is arranged at the bottom outside the cultivation box. The conveying structure is composed of a water guide pipe, an air pump, an air guide pipe, a bubble stone and a water pump. The water guide pipes on both sides are respectively connected to both ends of the liquid storage tank and the cultivation box. A water pump is arranged on the water guide pipe at one end inside the liquid storage tank. The bubble stone is placed inside the liquid storage tank and is connected to the air pump placed outside the liquid storage tank through an air guide pipe.

2. The soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of leakage holes are arranged on the spiral blade.

3. A soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, characterized in that A sealing strip is arranged outside the spiral wall of the plug cover.

4. A soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of cultivation grooves correspond to the plurality of vortex blades one by one.

5. The soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, characterized in that There can be multiple cultivation boxes, and there can be multiple second motors corresponding to the cultivation boxes; there can be multiple adjustable spectrum LED lamp panels corresponding to the cultivation boxes.

6. The soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner wall of the liquid storage tank is coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the surface is a hydrophobic and smooth structure.

7. The soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, characterized in that A magnetic fluid seal is arranged at the connection between the liquid storage tank and the rotating shaft.

8. The soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, wherein The photovoltaic film is a perovskite flexible photovoltaic film, and a micro prism structure is integrated on the film surface.

9. A soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1, characterized in that The water guide pipe adopts an L-shaped bending structure, and the inner wall is smooth and has no sharp corners to ensure smooth liquid flow and minimize resistance.

10. The soilless cultivation device for spinach according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that The water guide pipe is a flexible pipe.

Images