Method for prolonging preservation time of ginger medicinal material
By adhering the chitosan and EVA composite membrane layer on the surface of the ginger, combined with low temperature preservation, the problems of short storage cycle and reduced efficacy of ginger are solved, and long-term and stable preservation of ginger is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510555199.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
The existing ginger storage method cannot significantly prolong its storage cycle and maintain medicinal quality, resulting in ginger being prone to rot, mold or reduced medicinal ingredients during the drug production process.
After pre-freezing treatment, a layer of polymer material, including chitosan and EVA composite membrane layer, was attached to the surface of the ginger. The cold storage temperature was controlled to be stored at -18°C to -24°C, and an antioxidant film layer with a cross-linked network structure was formed to lock in moisture and isolate bacterial reproduction.
Significantly extend the storage cycle of ginger, maintain the freshness of ginger and the medicinal ingredients, prevent oxidative aging and fungal reproduction, and ensure stable storage of ginger at low temperatures.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ginger storage, and particularly relates to a method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials. Background Art
[0002] Ginger is used as a medicinal material and was only recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 Edition. It does not include edible ginger and is the medicinal small yellow ginger from production areas such as Yunnan, Sichuan, and Shandong. As a medicinal material, the water content of ginger should be kept between 90% and 95% to meet the definition of ginger. Its water content is related to the accuracy of the prescription amount during drug production and feeding. Therefore, a preservation method for maintaining its moisture and freshness is particularly important. However, ginger with sufficient moisture is extremely prone to rot, mildew, etc. under the conditions of being sealed and stored at room temperature in the warehouse of drug production enterprises. The cycle from the time when the medicinal materials enter the waiting inspection warehouse to sampling, testing, issuing a test report, warehousing of qualified products, and production and feeding in drug production enterprises is relatively long. Therefore, it is intended to preferably select a preservation method for ginger to provide qualified ginger for the drug to maintain its efficacy.
[0003] In the prior art, the preservation steps and methods of ginger include: 1) Pretreatment: The ginger stored in the warehouse comes with soil, without cleaning or washing with water; 2) Investigation method: Strictly control the temperature and humidity; 3) Respectively pack and store into the corresponding number of storage bags according to the number of sampling time points; 4) Storage methods: ① Store in a warehouse at a temperature of 15°C and a humidity of about 55%, in bags (breathable); ② Refrigerate (2 - 8°C, 90%) and store in bags; ③ Refrigerate (2 - 8°C, 90%) and store in bags with vacuum pumping; ④ Freezing method (-20°C, 90%), store in bags or store in bags with vacuum pumping after bagging; ⑤ Dry sand, 15 - 20°C, 55% - 65%; ⑥ Wet sand, 15 - 20°C, 90%; 5) During storage, only the samples in a single bag are unsealed, and the unsealed samples are no longer preserved or investigated.
[0004] Regarding the differences in the above storage methods, there are the following different results: For condition ①, the results show that around the 6th day, the bag bulges, the smell of ginger turns sour, and it has rotted. For condition ②, the results show that it is well preserved within 30 days and has rotted when observed on the 50th day. For condition ③, the results show that it is well preserved within 45 days and has peeled and is no longer in the complete state of ginger and cannot be used as medicine when observed on the 60th day. For condition ④, the results show that the medicinal materials can be kept fresh for 120 days in the freezing area, and the moisture meets the fresh use requirements of medicinal ginger. For condition ⑤, the results show that the water content drops by 15% after 30 days of storage in dry sand, and the epidermis shrinks, no longer meeting the requirements of ginger. For condition ⑥, the results show that the water content is sufficient after 30 days of storage in wet sand, but new buds grow on the ginger, and the content of the active ingredient 6-gingerol decreases, no longer meeting the pharmacopoeia standard, that is, the medicinal requirements.
[0005] Therefore, the existing storage methods still cannot significantly extend the storage period and storage quality of ginger, thus affecting the demand for drug production using ginger as a raw material, and there is a need for improvement. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a method for extending the preservation time of ginger medicinal materials to achieve the purpose of storing ginger persistently to ensure the efficacy of ginger in pharmaceutical production. The specific scheme is as follows: A method for extending the preservation time of ginger medicinal materials, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select fresh ginger for surface cleaning to obtain ginger preparation materials; Step 2: Put the ginger preparation materials into a freezer for pre-freezing, control the freezing time to be 1 - 2h, and the temperature to be below -16°C to obtain pre-frozen ginger; Step 3: Take out the pre-frozen ginger, apply a surface film layer material on the surface of the pre-frozen ginger, and obtain film-coated ginger through solidification treatment; Step 4: Put the film-coated ginger into a constant temperature cold storage for preservation, and control the temperature of the constant temperature cold storage to be -18°C to -24°C.
[0007] Preferably: The surface cleaning is carried out by using clean water cleaning, surface treatment with a disinfectant, and deionized water cleaning, and then obtaining the ginger preparation materials through cold air drying.
[0008] Preferably: The temperature of the cold air drying is normal temperature, the disinfectant is a hypochlorous acid solution with a mass concentration of 0.1 - 0.2%, and the surface treatment with the disinfectant is to soak the fresh ginger cleaned with clean water in the hypochlorous acid solution for 10 minutes.
[0009] Preferably: The surface film layer material includes 60 - 70 parts by weight of EVA, 10 - 15 parts of chitosan, 3 - 8 parts of a crosslinking agent, 3 - 6 parts of a plasticizer, 1 - 2 parts of a dispersant, 1 - 2 parts of a photoinitiator, and 0.1 - 1 part of an antioxidant.
[0010] Preferably: The crosslinking agent is polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether; the plasticizer is glycerol or polyethylene glycol; the dispersant is zinc stearate; the photoinitiator is benzoin dimethyl ether; the antioxidant is tea polyphenols, butylated hydroxyanisole, or dibutylhydroxytoluene.
[0011] Preferably: The preparation method of the surface film layer material includes step ① drying chitosan and EVA to obtain dried chitosan and dried EVA; step ② mixing the dried chitosan and dried EVA evenly, and then adding a crosslinking agent, a plasticizer, a dispersant, a photoinitiator, and an antioxidant and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed material; step ③ putting the mixed material into a high-temperature kneading machine for mixing and melting, and controlling the melting temperature to be 125 - 130°C to obtain the surface film layer material.
[0012] Preferably, the curing treatment is to quickly cover the surface film layer material on the surface of pre-frozen ginger, and obtain the film-covered ginger after ultraviolet curing and cooling.
[0013] Preferably, the chitosan is acrylic segment chitosan, and the preparation process of the acrylic segment chitosan includes dissolving chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 80-90% in a 1% acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 3%, and then dropping acrylic acid and an initiator into the chitosan solution, stirring and reacting at 60°C for 2-3 h, adding ethanol as a precipitant to precipitate and performing filtration, washing and drying treatments; wherein, the initiator is a potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, and the mass ratio of potassium persulfate to acrylic acid added is 1:80; the mass ratio of acrylic acid to chitosan added is 2:1.
[0014] It can be seen from the above solutions that the present application provides a method for prolonging the storage time of ginger medicinal materials. The method for prolonging the storage time of ginger medicinal materials has the following beneficial effects: 1. By attaching a layer of polymer material on the surface of pre-frozen fresh ginger, the water in the fresh ginger can be locked by the polymer material, and the fresh ginger can be effectively prevented from oxidizing and aging, and the effect of effectively isolating the reproduction of fungi and prolonging the storage period of the fresh ginger can be achieved; 2. By adopting the method of compounding chitosan and EVA to form a cross-linked network structure with voids in the film layer, so that the film-covered ginger forms an antioxidant film layer that can breathe. While significantly weakening the respiration ability, a certain respiration effect is retained, so that the film-covered ginger is in a storage state with low consumption, high stability and anti-corrosion, thereby significantly prolonging the storage period; 3. By covering the surface of the low-temperature pre-frozen ginger with a high-temperature surface film layer material, the surface cortex of the pre-frozen ginger can isolate the high temperature from entering the interior of the pre-frozen ginger and affecting the freshness of the pre-frozen ginger, and at the same time, the ginger skin composed of cellulose and hemicellulose hardens at a high temperature state, so as to achieve the effect of protecting the inside of the pre-frozen ginger. Detailed implementation manners
[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0016] It should be noted that each component in the embodiments of the present application is commercially available, and specific materials are selected according to actual needs. Specifically, the cross-linking agent is polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, the plasticizer is glycerol or polyethylene glycol, the dispersant is zinc stearate, the photoinitiator is benzoin dimethyl ether, and the antioxidant is tea polyphenols, butylated hydroxyanisole or dibutylhydroxytoluene. Of course, other non-toxic or slightly toxic corresponding materials can also be used. In the embodiments of the present application, the plasticizer is glycerol and the antioxidant is tea polyphenols, which will not be elaborated here.
[0017] The following will specifically describe a method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials in the present application.
[0018] A method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials includes the following steps: Step 1: Select fresh ginger and perform surface cleaning to obtain ginger preparations. Step 2: Put the ginger preparations into a freezer for pre-freezing, control the freezing time to be 1-2h, and the temperature to be below -16°C to obtain pre-frozen ginger. Step 3: Take out the pre-frozen ginger, apply a surface film material on the surface of the pre-frozen ginger, and obtain film-coated ginger through curing treatment. Step 4: Put the film-coated ginger into a constant-temperature cold storage for storage, and control the temperature of the constant-temperature cold storage to be -18°C to -24°C.
[0019] Among them, surface cleaning is carried out by using clean water cleaning, surface treatment with a disinfectant, and deionized water cleaning, and then obtaining ginger preparations after air drying with cold air. The temperature of air drying with cold air is normal temperature, the disinfectant is a hypochlorous acid solution with a mass concentration of 0.1-0.2%, and the surface treatment with the disinfectant is to soak the fresh ginger cleaned with clean water in the hypochlorous acid solution for 10 minutes.
[0020] It should be noted that the surface film material includes 60-70 parts by weight of EVA, 10-15 parts of chitosan, 3-8 parts of cross-linking agent, 3-6 parts of plasticizer, 1-2 parts of dispersant, 1-2 parts of photoinitiator, and 0.1-1 part of antioxidant.
[0021] The preparation method of the surface film material includes Step ① drying chitosan and EVA to obtain dried chitosan and dried EVA; Step ② mixing the dried chitosan and dried EVA evenly, and then adding a cross-linking agent, a plasticizer, a dispersant, a photoinitiator, and an antioxidant and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed material; Step ③ putting the mixed material into a high-temperature kneader for mixing and melting, and controlling the melting temperature to be 125-130°C to obtain the surface film material.
[0022] The curing treatment is to quickly cover the surface film material on the surface of the pre-frozen ginger, and obtain film-coated ginger after ultraviolet curing and cooling.
[0023] In order to further improve the dispersibility of chitosan in EVA and its binding effect with EVA, the chitosan in the embodiments of the present application is acrylic segment chitosan, and the preparation process of the acrylic segment chitosan includes dissolving chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 80 - 90% in a 1% acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 3%, then dropping acrylic acid and an initiator into the chitosan solution, stirring and reacting at 60°C for 2 - 3 h, adding ethanol as a precipitant to precipitate and then performing filtration, washing and drying treatments; wherein, the initiator is a potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, and the mass ratio of potassium persulfate to acrylic acid added is 1:80; the mass ratio of acrylic acid to chitosan added is 2:1.
[0024] Example 1 A method for prolonging the storage time of ginger medicinal materials, comprising the following steps: Step 1, select fresh ginger and perform surface cleaning to obtain ginger stock; Step 2, put the ginger stock into a freezer for pre-freezing, control the freezing time to be 1 h and the temperature to be -18°C to obtain pre-frozen ginger; Step 3, take out the pre-frozen ginger, apply a surface film material on the surface of the pre-frozen ginger, and obtain film-coated ginger after curing treatment; Step 4, put the film-coated ginger into a constant temperature cold storage for storage, and control the temperature of the constant temperature cold storage to be -24°C.
[0025] Among them, surface cleaning is carried out by cleaning with clean water, surface treatment with a disinfectant and cleaning with deionized water, and then obtaining ginger stock after drying with cold air. The temperature of cold air drying is normal temperature, the disinfectant is a hypochlorous acid solution with a mass concentration of 0.1%, and the surface treatment with the disinfectant is to soak the fresh ginger cleaned with clean water in the hypochlorous acid solution for 10 min.
[0026] It should be noted that the surface film material includes 60 parts by weight of EVA, 10 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of a cross-linking agent, 3 parts of a plasticizer, 1 part of a dispersant, 1 part of a photoinitiator, and 0.1 part of an antioxidant.
[0027] The preparation method of the surface film material includes step ① drying chitosan and EVA to obtain dried chitosan and dried EVA; step ② mixing the dried chitosan and dried EVA evenly, and then adding a cross-linking agent, a plasticizer, a dispersant, a photoinitiator, and an antioxidant and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed material; step ③ putting the mixed material into a high-temperature kneader for mixing and melting, and controlling the melting temperature to be 125°C to obtain the surface film material.
[0028] The curing treatment is to quickly cover the surface film material on the surface of the pre-frozen ginger, and obtain film-coated ginger after ultraviolet curing and cooling.
[0029] In order to further improve the dispersibility of chitosan in EVA and the binding effect with EVA, the chitosan in the embodiments of the present application is acrylic segment chitosan, and the preparation process of the acrylic segment chitosan includes dissolving chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 85% in a 1% acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 3%, then dropping acrylic acid and an initiator into the chitosan solution, stirring and reacting at 60°C for 2 h, adding ethanol as a precipitant to precipitate and then performing filtration, washing and drying treatments; wherein, the initiator is a potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, and the mass ratio of potassium persulfate to acrylic acid added is 1:80; the mass ratio of acrylic acid to chitosan added is 2:1.
[0030] Example Two The difference between Example Two and Example One is that the surface film layer material in Example Two includes 65 parts by weight of EVA, 12 parts of chitosan, 4 parts of crosslinking agent, 4 parts of plasticizer, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of photoinitiator, and 0.5 part of antioxidant.
[0031] Example Three The difference between Example Three and Example One is that the surface film layer material in Example Three includes 70 parts by weight of EVA, 15 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of crosslinking agent, 6 parts of plasticizer, 2 parts of dispersant, 2 parts of photoinitiator, and 1 part of antioxidant.
[0032] Comparative Example One The difference between Comparative Example One and Example Two is that the surface film layer material was not applied to the surface of pre-frozen ginger in Comparative Example One.
[0033] Comparative Example Two The difference between Comparative Example Two and Example Two is that chitosan was not added to the surface film layer material in Comparative Example Two, the melting temperature of EVA was 160°C, and no crosslinking agent, dispersant and photoinitiator were added.
[0034] Comparative Example Three The difference between Comparative Example Three and Example Two is that the chitosan in Comparative Example Three was not grafted with acrylic acid.
[0035] For the fresh ginger covered with film in the above Examples One to Three and Comparative Examples One to Three, a freshness investigation was carried out. The investigation was based on 60 days, 120 days, 180 days and 240 days as the standards, and the freshness of the outer and inner sides of the fresh ginger covered with film and the total number of colonies were observed for judgment. The freshness was visually inspected and specifically divided into fresh, deteriorated and rotten. The total number of colonies was counted by the plate counting method to judge whether the total number of colonies was lower than 107 cfu / g. If so, it was up to the standard, otherwise it was exceeded. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0036] Table 1 Results of Freshness and Total Colony Count Determination
[0037] As can be seen from Table 1 above, when storing fresh ginger at low temperature, the effect of effectively avoiding ginger rot can be achieved, but it is still difficult to prevent the problem of ginger gradually deteriorating over time. Moreover, due to visual differences, even if the freshness is fresh, there is still a situation where the total colony count exceeds the requirement for the total colony count in fresh vegetables. And when using a surface film material containing chitosan, since chitosan itself also has an antibacterial effect, it can also increase the pore volume of the surface film material after curing, thereby providing an effective channel for the respiration of the film-coated ginger, avoiding the formation of carbon dioxide and its accumulation inside the film-coated ginger, which affects the freshness of the film-coated ginger.
[0038] In summary, the present application provides a method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials. This method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials attaches a polymer material to the surface of pre-frozen fresh ginger, thereby locking the moisture in the fresh ginger by the polymer material, effectively preventing the oxidation and aging of the fresh ginger, and achieving the effect of effectively isolating the reproduction of fungi and extending the storage period of the fresh ginger. At the same time, the surface film material forms a cross-linked network structure with voids by using a composite of chitosan and EVA, so that the film-coated ginger forms an antioxidant film layer that can breathe. While significantly weakening the respiration ability, it retains a certain respiration effect, so that the film-coated ginger is in a storage state with low consumption, high stability and anti-corrosion, thereby significantly extending the storage period. During the curing process, since the high-temperature surface film material covers the surface of the low-temperature pre-frozen ginger, the surface cortex of the pre-frozen ginger plays a role in isolating the entry of high temperature into the interior of the pre-frozen ginger, which affects the freshness of the pre-frozen ginger, and at the same time, the ginger skin composed of cellulose and hemicellulose hardens at high temperature, thereby achieving the effect of protecting the inside of the pre-frozen ginger.
[0039] The "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) involved in the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments described here can be implemented in an order other than that described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods or devices.
[0040] It should be noted that the descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Additionally, the technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on what can be achieved by those of ordinary skill in the art. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be achieved, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.
[0041] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for helping to understand the method and its core idea of this application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this application.
Claims
1. A method for prolonging the storage time of ginger medicinal materials, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Select fresh ginger and conduct surface cleaning to obtain ginger stock materials; Step 2: Put the ginger stock materials into a freezer for pre-freezing, control the freezing time to be 1 - 2 h, and the temperature to be below -16 °C to obtain pre-frozen ginger; Step 3: Take out the pre-frozen ginger, apply a surface film material on the surface of the pre-frozen ginger, and obtain film-coated ginger through curing treatment; Step 4: Put the film-coated ginger into a constant-temperature cold storage for storage, and control the temperature of the constant-temperature cold storage to be -18 °C to -24 °C.
2. A method for prolonging the storage time of ginger medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface cleaning is to use clean water cleaning, surface treatment with a disinfectant, and deionized water cleaning, and obtain ginger stock materials after air drying with cold air.
3. A method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the cold air drying is normal temperature, the disinfectant is a hypochlorous acid solution with a mass concentration of 0.1 - 0.2%, and the surface treatment with the disinfectant is to soak the fresh ginger cleaned with clean water in the hypochlorous acid solution for 10 min.
4. A method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface film material includes 60 - 70 parts by weight of EVA, 10 - 15 parts of chitosan, 3 - 8 parts of a cross-linking agent, 3 - 6 parts of a plasticizer, 1 - 2 parts of a dispersant, 1 - 2 parts of a photoinitiator, and 0.1 - 1 part of an antioxidant.
5. A method for prolonging the storage time of ginger medicinal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-linking agent is polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether; the plasticizer is glycerol or polyethylene glycol; the dispersant is zinc stearate; the photoinitiator is benzoin dimethyl ether; the antioxidant is tea polyphenols, butylated hydroxyanisole, or dibutylhydroxytoluene.
6. A method for prolonging the storage time of ginger medicinal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the surface film material includes Step ① drying chitosan and EVA to obtain dried chitosan and dried EVA; Step ② mixing the dried chitosan and dried EVA evenly, then adding a cross-linking agent, a plasticizer, a dispersant, a photoinitiator, and an antioxidant and mixing evenly to obtain a mixed material; Step ③ putting the mixed material into a high-temperature kneader for mixing and melting, and controlling the melting temperature to be 125 - 130 °C to obtain the surface film material.
7. A method for prolonging the preservation time of ginger medicinal materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The curing treatment is to quickly cover the surface film material on the surface of the pre-frozen ginger, and obtain film-coated ginger after ultraviolet curing and cooling.
8. A method for extending the storage time of ginger medicinal materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The chitosan is acrylic chain segment chitosan, and the preparation process of the acrylic chain segment chitosan includes dissolving chitosan with a deacetylation degree of 80 - 90% in a 1% acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 3%, then dropping acrylic acid and an initiator into the chitosan solution, stirring and reacting at 60 °C for 2 - 3 h, adding ethanol as a precipitant to precipitate and then performing filtration, washing, and drying treatments; wherein, the initiator is a potassium persulfate solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L, and the mass ratio of the added potassium persulfate to acrylic acid is 1:80; the mass ratio of the added acrylic acid to chitosan is 2:1.