Laser engraving equipment and engraving process for wood panels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser engraving device and an engraving process for wooden boards, wherein a rotating disk is rotatably provided on a workbench, a plurality of processing positions are arranged at equal angles on the rotating disk, and each processing position is provided with a negative pressure suction cup and a suction port; a red light positioning component is also provided on the workbench, and the laser engraving mechanism moves and performs laser engraving on the wood through the positioning of the red light positioning component; a cleaning mechanism is provided on one side of the laser engraving mechanism, and the cleaning mechanism comprises a cover assembly and an ion blower installed on the cover assembly; the present invention absorbs smoke and dust in the laser engraving process in real time through the suction port configured on each processing position, enhances the negative pressure of the suction port after the cover assembly of the cleaning station is closed, cooperates with the ion blower to spray ion wind, eliminates static electricity on the surface of the wood, and improves the debris removal rate; the plurality of processing positions realize the assembly line operation of loading, positioning, engraving, cleaning, polishing and discharging through the rotation of the rotating disk, thereby improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser engraving, in particular to a laser engraving device and an engraving process for a wooden board. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology, lasers are used in more and more fields. There are many devices spawned by laser technology, including laser marking machines, laser engraving devices and laser cutting machines. Laser engraving is to irradiate the surface of the workpiece with a laser beam. The energy released at the same time will melt and evaporate the part of the workpiece to be engraved, so as to achieve the purpose of engraving. It has high precision and is not limited by the engraving pattern. Laser engraving equipment is also often used in wood processing, such as engraving wooden furniture boards, decorative wood, etc.

[0003] However, when using laser to engrave wood, the particle size distribution of smoke particles generated when the laser burns the wood is wide, and the coverage of traditional single-point dust collection devices is limited, and the suction efficiency is insufficient. Moreover, after the wood is processed by laser high temperature, the surface resistivity increases significantly, and static electricity accumulation causes the engraving debris to be strongly adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece or in the engraving gaps. Conventional blowing or vibration cleaning methods are not effective. In addition, traditional laser engraving equipment adopts a "loading-engraving-unloading" single-station process, and the engraving process requires frequent shutdowns to replace the workpiece, resulting in low processing efficiency. When the laser engraving is relatively deep, the surface of the wood forms a charred layer with uneven hardness due to high-temperature carbonization, which affects the subsequent coating or splicing quality. The existing technology relies on manual sandpaper polishing, which is inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology when using laser to engrave wood, and to provide a laser engraving device and engraving process for wood boards.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: a laser engraving device for wooden boards, comprising a workbench, a conveyor belt is provided on one side of the workbench, a rotating disk is rotatably provided on the workbench, a plurality of processing positions are arranged at equal angles on the rotating disk, each of the processing positions is provided with a negative pressure suction cup and a suction port for extracting smoke, dust and residue; a red light positioning component is provided on the workbench on the side of the tail of the conveyor belt, a laser engraving mechanism is provided on one side of the red light positioning component around the rotating disk, the laser engraving mechanism moves in position and laser engraves the wood through the positioning of the red light positioning component; a cleaning mechanism is provided on one side of the laser engraving mechanism, the cleaning mechanism comprises a cover assembly for covering the processing position to increase the suction force of the suction port on the residue and an ion blower installed on the cover assembly for eliminating static electricity in the wood, and a discharge port is provided on one side of the cleaning mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the red light positioning component includes a first mounting bracket installed at the edge of the workbench, an infrared laser is installed on the first mounting bracket, an industrial camera is provided on one side of the infrared laser, the industrial camera shoots the red light position, the algorithm identifies the baseline and outputs the offset, a digital signal processor is installed on the back of the first mounting bracket, and a control panel is installed on the outer wall of the workbench, and the control panel is electrically connected to the digital signal processor.

[0007] Furthermore, the processing position is in the shape of a fan-shaped trough, and the arc portion is set as an opening. The suction port is opened on the two symmetrical side walls of the processing position, and the inner top surface of the suction port is higher than the top surface of the wooden board; a central air cavity is opened inside the center of the rotating disk, and a connecting cavity is connected between the central air cavity and each of the suction ports. A dust pump is provided under the rotating disk, and the dust pump is connected to the central air cavity through a connecting pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the cover plate assembly includes a second mounting bracket, a cylinder is installed on the top surface of the second mounting bracket, a fan-shaped plate is connected to one end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder, and the arc portion of the fan-shaped plate is connected to an arc plate for covering the opening of the arc portion of the processing position; the ion blower includes an air outlet head installed on the fan plate, a plurality of air outlet holes are provided on the air outlet head, an ion generator is provided on the top surface of the second mounting bracket, and the ion generator is connected to the air outlet head through an air pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser engraving mechanism includes a three-axis moving assembly and a laser head, the three-axis moving assembly includes a fixed seat installed at the edge of the workbench, the fixed seat is movably clamped with a first movable plate, one end of the fixed seat is fixedly mounted with a first motor, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to a first screw, the first screw passes through the bottom of the first movable plate and is connected by a thread; the second movable plate is movably clamped on the first movable plate, one end of the second movable plate is fixedly mounted with a second motor, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to a second screw, the second screw passes through the middle of the first movable plate and is connected by a thread, the side of the second movable plate is fixedly connected to a lifting seat, the third movable plate is movably clamped on the lifting seat, the top of the lifting seat is fixedly mounted with a third motor, the output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to a third screw, the third screw passes through the third movable plate and is connected by a thread, and the side of the third movable plate is connected and mounted with the laser head.

[0010] Furthermore, a grinding mechanism for removing the carbonized layer is provided between the laser engraving mechanism and the cleaning mechanism. The grinding mechanism includes a grinding moving assembly that is the same as the three-axis moving assembly. The grinding mechanism also includes a grinder installed on the grinding moving assembly. A grinding sheet is installed at the output end of the grinder, and an infrared rangefinder is installed on one side of the grinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of processing positions are provided at equal angles around the center of the rotating disk, and an electric push rod is installed on the side of the processing position facing the opening, and a push plate is installed at one end of the telescopic rod of each electric push rod. A first gear is fixedly provided at the bottom of the rotating disk, a servo motor is provided on one side of the first gear, and a second gear is installed at the output end of the servo motor, and the second gear is engaged with the first gear to drive the rotating disk to rotate; a material receiving belt is provided on one side of the discharge port.

[0012] Furthermore, a dust collecting tank is provided on one side of the servo motor, the top surface of the dust collecting tank is provided with the dust suction pump, the dust suction pump is connected to the central air cavity through the connecting pipe, and a rotary joint is provided at the connection between the connecting pipe and the first gear.

[0013] A laser engraving process for wood panels, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1: The conveyor belt transports the wooden workpiece to the idle processing position of the rotating disk. The negative pressure suction cup is activated to fix the workpiece. The dust pump pre-suctions through the central air cavity and suction port to prevent wood chips from accumulating.

[0015] S2: The workpiece moves under the red light positioning assembly, the infrared laser projects the reference line, the industrial camera captures the workpiece outline, the digital signal processor analyzes the image, calculates the workpiece offset and feeds it back to the control panel, and the three-axis motion assembly adjusts the initial coordinates of the laser head according to the offset;

[0016] S3: The rotating disk transfers the workpiece to the laser engraving mechanism station. The three-axis moving assembly drives the laser head to engrave along the preset path: the first motor drives the X-axis movement, the second motor drives the Y-axis movement, and the third motor drives the Z-axis focusing. During the engraving process, the smoke and dust are absorbed in real time through the suction port and introduced into the dust collection tank through the connecting pipe.

[0017] S4: The workpiece rotates to the cleaning mechanism station, and the cylinder pushes the fan-shaped plate to close the processing position opening. When the cover is closed, the negative pressure at the suction port increases, the ion blower starts, and the air outlet sprays ion wind to eliminate the static electricity of the wood. The vacuum pump cooperates with the suction to completely remove the remaining debris.

[0018] S5: After cleaning, the rotary disc rotates to move the workpiece to the discharge port, the negative pressure suction cup releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod is started to push the workpiece onto the receiving belt; then the system automatically starts the next cycle, and the multi-station design realizes continuous production.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The rotating disk has multiple processing positions distributed at equal angles. The number of processing positions can be adjusted according to the conditions of the wood board, realizing the assembly line operation of loading, positioning, carving, cleaning, polishing and discharging, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0021] 2. Each processing position of the rotary disk is equipped with a suction port, and a centralized negative pressure suction network is formed through the central air cavity and the dust suction pump, so that smoke and dust are adsorbed in real time during the engraving process; the dust collection tank and the rotary joint design realize simultaneous dust collection at multiple stations, avoiding pipe entanglement and ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment; after the cover assembly of the cleaning station is closed, the negative pressure of the suction port is enhanced, and the ion blower is used to spray ion air to eliminate static electricity on the wood surface and improve the debris removal rate.

[0022] 3. The red light positioning component (infrared laser + industrial camera) combines with a digital signal processor to analyze images and process algorithms to automatically calculate the workpiece offset. This allows the three-axis moving component to dynamically adjust the laser engraving and polishing mechanisms to precisely engrave wood panels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the red light positioning component of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser engraving mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-axis moving assembly in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fan-shaped plate cover sealed on the processing position in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cover plate assembly and the ion blower in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the rotating disk in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Cross-sectional view of AA in the figure.

[0033] In the figure: 1- workbench, 2- conveyor belt, 3- rotating disk, 4- negative pressure suction cup, 5- suction port, 6- red light positioning assembly, 7- laser engraving mechanism, 8- cover assembly, 9- ion blower, 10- discharge port, 11- control panel, 12- dust suction pump, 13- grinding mechanism, 14- electric push rod, 15- servo motor, 16- second gear, 17- receiving belt, 18- dust collection tank, 19- rotary joint;

[0034] 31-processing position, 32-central air cavity, 33-connecting cavity, 34-first gear, 61-first mounting bracket, 62-infrared laser, 63-industrial camera, 64-digital signal processor;

[0035] 71-three-axis moving assembly, 72-laser head, 711-fixed seat, 712-first moving plate, 713-first motor, 714-first screw, 715-second moving plate, 716-second motor, 717-second screw, 718-lifting seat, 719-third moving plate, 7110-third motor, 7111-third screw;

[0036] 81-second mounting frame, 82-cylinder, 83-fan-shaped plate, 91-air outlet, 92-ion generator; 131-polishing moving assembly, 132-polishing machine, 133-infrared rangefinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Combine Figures 1 to 10 The laser engraving device for wood panels shown in the figure includes a workbench 1, a feed belt 2 is provided on one side of the workbench 1, a rotating disk 3 is rotatably provided on the workbench 1, and multiple processing positions 31 are arranged at equal angles on the rotating disk 3, each processing position 31 is provided with a negative pressure suction cup 4 and a suction port 5 for extracting smoke, dust and residue; a red light positioning assembly 6 is provided on the workbench 1 on the side of the rear end of the feed belt 2, and a laser engraving mechanism 7 is provided on the side of the red light positioning assembly 6 around the rotating disk 3. The laser engraving mechanism 7 is positioned by the red light positioning assembly 6 to move the position and laser engrave the wood; a cleaning mechanism is provided on one side of the laser engraving mechanism 7, and the cleaning mechanism includes a cover assembly 8 for covering the processing position 31 to increase the suction force of the suction port 5 on the residue, and an ion blower 9 installed on the cover assembly 8 for eliminating static electricity in the wood; a discharge port 10 is provided on one side of the cleaning mechanism;

[0041] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the red light positioning assembly 6 includes a first mounting bracket 61 mounted on the edge of the workbench 1. An infrared laser 62 is mounted on the first mounting bracket 61. An industrial camera 63 is provided on one side of the infrared laser 62. The industrial camera 63 captures the position of the red light. The algorithm identifies the reference line and outputs the offset. A digital signal processor 64 is installed on the back of the first mounting bracket 61. A control panel 11 is mounted on the outer wall of the workbench 1. The control panel 11 is electrically connected to the digital signal processor 64.

[0042] The wooden workpiece is manually or mechanically gripped and pre-aligned on conveyor belt 2. It is then transported directly to processing station 31 via conveyor belt 2. After the workpiece is attached to negative pressure suction cup 4, its actual position may deviate from the expected coordinates due to loading errors or feed deviations. An infrared laser 62 then projects high-precision intersecting laser lines onto the surface of the wooden workpiece at processing station 31, forming a pre-set reference mark. An industrial camera 63 then captures the workpiece surface at high resolution, capturing the actual projection of the infrared laser line onto the workpiece. The camera's field of view covers the entire processing area and is equipped with a filter to block ambient light interference. A digital signal processor 64 then runs image processing algorithms, such as edge detection, to extract the actual contour of the laser reference line. By comparing the actual position of the reference line in the image with the pre-set ideal position, the system calculates the workpiece's offsets (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ) along the X, Y, and Z axes. The system then converts these pixel offsets in the image into actual displacements in the mechanical coordinate system using a pre-calibrated pixel-to-physical coordinate conversion matrix. Industrial camera 63 can be a CCD camera.

[0043] like Figure 1 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, a first gear 34 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the rotating disk 3, a servo motor 15 is provided on one side of the first gear 34, and a second gear 16 is installed at the output end of the servo motor 15. The second gear 16 is engaged with the first gear 34 to drive the rotating disk 3 to rotate; the rotating disk 3 drives the second gear 16 to rotate through the servo motor 15, thereby driving the first gear 34 to rotate, and the rotating disk 3 drives the workpiece to rotate to the processing position of the laser engraving mechanism 7.

[0044] like Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the laser engraving mechanism 7 includes a three-axis moving assembly 71 and a laser head 72. The three-axis moving assembly 71 includes a fixed base 711 installed at the edge of the workbench 1. The first moving plate 712 is movably mounted on the fixed base 711. One end of the fixed base 711 is fixedly mounted with a first motor 713. The output end of the first motor 713 is fixedly connected to a first screw 714. The first screw 714 passes through the bottom of the first moving plate 712 and is connected by a thread. A second moving plate 715 is movably mounted on the first moving plate 712. One end of the second moving plate 715 is fixedly mounted with a second motor 713. 6. The output end of the second motor 716 is fixedly connected to the second screw 717, which passes through the middle of the first movable plate 712 and is connected by threads. The side of the second movable plate 715 is fixedly connected to the lifting base 718. The third movable plate 719 is movably mounted on the lifting base 718. The top of the lifting base 718 is fixedly mounted with a third motor 7110. The output end of the third motor 7110 is fixedly connected to the third screw 7111, which passes through the third movable plate 719 and is connected by threads. The side of the third movable plate 719 is connected and mounted with the laser head 72.

[0045] The digital signal processor 64 transmits the offset (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ) to the control panel 11, which generates a drive instruction for the three-axis moving assembly 71:

[0046] X-axis adjustment: The first motor 713 drives the first screw 714 to rotate, pushing the first movable plate 712 to move horizontally ΔX; Y-axis adjustment: The second motor 716 drives the second screw 717 to rotate, driving the second movable plate 715 to move longitudinally ΔY; Z-axis focusing: The third motor 7110 drives the third screw 7111 to rotate, adjusting the lifting height ΔZ of the third movable plate 719 to ensure that the laser focus is on the surface of the workpiece, thereby performing laser engraving on wood to furniture.

[0047] like Figure 8-10As shown, the processing position 31 is in the shape of a fan-shaped trough, which is convenient for the workpiece to be smoothly transported from the conveyor belt 2 into the processing position 31. The arc portion is set as an opening. Suction ports 5 are provided on the two symmetrical side walls of the processing position 31. The inner top surface of the suction port 5 is higher than the top surface of the wooden board; a central air cavity 32 is provided inside the center of the rotating disk 3, and a connecting cavity 33 is connected between the central air cavity 32 and each suction port 5. A dust suction pump 12 is provided under the rotating disk 3, and the dust suction pump 12 is connected to the central air cavity 32 through a connecting pipe; a dust collecting tank 18 is provided on one side of the servo motor 15, and a dust collecting pump 12 is provided on the top surface of the dust collecting tank 18. The dust collecting pump 12 is connected to the central air cavity 32 through a connecting pipe, and a rotary joint 19 is provided at the connection between the connecting pipe and the first gear 34;

[0048] During the laser engraving process of a wooden board, the high-energy laser beam burns the wood surface, generating smoke, slag, and a small amount of fine wood chips. Therefore, when the vacuum pump 12 is activated, the suction port 5 generates suction for the smoke, slag, and a small amount of fine wood chips generated by the laser engraving. Since the inner top surface of the suction port 5 is higher than the top surface of the wooden board, and the opening size of the suction port 5 can cover the head and tail of the workpiece, these products will be sucked into the central air cavity 32 through the connecting cavity 33 by the suction port 5, and finally concentratedly sucked into the dust collecting tank 18 through the connecting pipe. In addition, due to the provision of multiple processing positions 31, when the vacuum pump 12 is in use, the suction port 5 of each processing position 31 will generate airflow suction, and the suction port 5 can not only suck out the wood chips generated during engraving, but also suck out the residual debris remaining on the processing position 31.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 6-7 As shown, the cover assembly 8 includes a second mounting frame 81, a cylinder 82 is installed on the top surface of the second mounting frame 81, and one end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder 82 is connected with a fan-shaped plate 83, and the arc portion of the fan-shaped plate 83 is connected with an arc plate for covering the opening of the arc portion of the processing position 31; the ion blower 9 includes an air outlet head 91 installed on the fan-shaped plate 83, and the air outlet head 91 is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes. The top surface of the second mounting frame 81 is provided with an ion generator 92, and the ion generator 92 is connected to the air outlet head 91 through an air pipe;

[0050] After the laser engraving is completed, the plate needs to be cleaned again. When the plate moves to the bottom of the cover assembly 8 under the rotation of the rotating disk 3, the cylinder 82 pushes the fan plate 83 to cover the processing position 31. The arc plate vertically arranged on the fan plate 83 will seal the arc opening of the processing position 31. When the cover is closed, the negative pressure of the suction port 5 is enhanced to remove residual debris. However, during the laser engraving process, the fine wood chips generated by the engraving rub against the surface of the wood, which will accumulate static electricity and form an electrostatic field, causing the debris to be adsorbed in the engraving gaps or hollow areas, making it difficult to remove the debris by conventional blowing. Therefore, the ion generator 92 is started, and the airflow with the ion cloud is blown from the air outlet 91 to the wooden plate through the air pipe. On the one hand, the static electricity on the wood is eliminated. On the other hand, the airflow generated by the air outlet 91 can also blow away the wood chips to facilitate the inhalation of the suction port 5. When blowing, the cover of the fan plate 83 can also prevent dust.

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of processing positions 31 are provided at equal angles around the center of the rotating disk 3, and an electric push rod 14 is installed on the side of the processing position 31 facing the opening, and a push plate is installed at one end of the telescopic rod of each electric push rod 14; a receiving belt 17 is provided on one side of the discharge port 10; after cleaning is completed, the rotating disk 3 rotates to transfer the workpiece to the discharge port 10, the negative pressure suction cup 4 releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod 14 is started to push the workpiece onto the receiving belt 17.

[0052] Thus, according to the above, a laser engraving process for wood panels includes the following steps:

[0053] S1: The conveyor belt 2 transports the wooden workpiece to the idle processing position 31 of the rotating disk 3. The negative pressure suction cup 4 is activated to absorb and fix the workpiece. The dust pump 12 pre-suctions through the central air cavity 32 and the suction port 5 to prevent wood chips from accumulating.

[0054] S2: The workpiece moves to the bottom of the red light positioning assembly 6, the infrared laser 62 projects the reference line, the industrial camera 63 captures the workpiece contour, the digital signal processor 64 analyzes the image, calculates the workpiece offset and feeds it back to the control panel 11, and the three-axis moving assembly 71 adjusts the initial coordinates of the laser head 72 according to the offset;

[0055] S3: The rotating disk 3 transfers the workpiece to the laser engraving mechanism 7 station. The three-axis moving assembly 71 drives the laser head 72 to engrave along a preset path: the first motor 713 drives the X-axis movement, the second motor 716 drives the Y-axis movement, and the third motor 7110 drives the Z-axis focusing. During the entire engraving process, smoke and dust are absorbed in real time through the suction port 5 and introduced into the dust collection tank 18 through the connecting pipe.

[0056] S4: The workpiece rotates to the cleaning mechanism station, and the cylinder 82 pushes the fan-shaped plate 83 to close the opening of the processing position 31. When the cover is closed, the negative pressure of the suction port 5 is increased, the ion blower 9 is started, and the air outlet 91 sprays ion wind to eliminate the static electricity of the wood, and cooperates with the suction of the dust pump 12 to completely remove the residual debris;

[0057] S5: After cleaning is completed, the rotary disc 3 rotates to move the workpiece to the discharge port 10, the negative pressure suction cup 4 releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod 14 is started to push the workpiece to the receiving belt 17; then the system automatically starts the next cycle, and the multi-station design realizes continuous production.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] During the laser engraving process on wood, due to the dryness or wetness of the wood, the wood may be partially carbonized. In this case, it is necessary to add a grinding step to remove the carbonized layer after laser engraving (thus adding a processing position):

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, a grinding mechanism 13 for removing the carbonized layer is provided between the laser engraving mechanism 7 and the cleaning mechanism. The grinding mechanism 13 includes a grinding moving assembly 131 that is identical to the three-axis moving assembly 71. The grinding mechanism 13 also includes a grinder 132 mounted on the grinding moving assembly 131. A grinding sheet is mounted on the output end of the grinder 132. An infrared rangefinder 133 is mounted on one side of the grinder 132.

[0061] During use, the infrared rangefinder 133 emits an infrared beam toward the surface, measuring the real-time distance from the surface to the rangefinder using the time-of-flight (ToF) or phase difference principle. The rangefinder scans the engraving area with high-frequency sampling, generates a surface height distribution map, and identifies the carbonized layer (the depressed area caused by the high-temperature carbonization of the laser). The digital signal processor 64 compares the distance measurement data with a preset reference value of the original thickness of the wood, calculates the local depth of the carbonized layer, and the algorithm demarcates the boundary of the area to be polished based on the depth difference and generates a corresponding polishing path plan (such as a reciprocating or spiral trajectory). After the polishing machine 132 is started, the polishing disc contacts the wood surface:

[0062] If the infrared rangefinder detects that the current grinding depth is insufficient (deviation from the target value > threshold), the Z-axis motor of the grinding moving component 131 increases the downward force; if excessive grinding is detected (which may damage the body), the Z-axis lifts the grinding plate to reduce the contact pressure.

[0063] In addition, since the wood chips generated after laser engraving are not removed before polishing, they will interfere with the detection and polishing of the wood by the polishing mechanism. Therefore, a processing position 31 can be added between the laser engraving mechanism 7 and the polishing mechanism 13, and a cleaning mechanism as described above can be set; thereby, cleaning is performed after the laser engraving is completed, polishing is performed after cleaning, and cleaning is performed again after polishing is completed.

[0064] The processing positions in the present invention are summarized below:

[0065] In the first embodiment, four processing stations 31 are provided on the rotating disk 3, namely: feeding station (including red light positioning component) - laser engraving station - cleaning station - discharging station;

[0066] In the second embodiment, six stations are arranged on the rotating disk 3, namely: feeding station (including red light positioning component) - laser engraving station - cleaning station - polishing station - cleaning station - discharging station.

[0067] The above processing position settings can be adjusted according to the actual wood carving conditions in production.

[0068] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0069] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A laser engraving device for wood panels, comprising a workbench (1), a conveyor belt (2) being provided on one side of the workbench (1), and characterized in that: A rotating disk (3) is rotatably provided on the workbench (1), and a plurality of processing positions (31) are provided at equal angles on the rotating disk (3), and each processing position (31) is provided with a negative pressure suction cup (4) and a suction port (5) for extracting smoke and residue; a red light positioning component (6) is provided on the workbench (1) on the side of the tail of the conveyor belt (2), and a laser engraving mechanism (7) is provided on one side of the red light positioning component (6) around the rotating disk (3), and the laser engraving mechanism (7) moves in position and performs laser engraving on the wood through the positioning of the red light positioning component (6); a cleaning mechanism is provided on one side of the laser engraving mechanism (7), and the cleaning mechanism includes a cover assembly (8) for covering the processing position (31) to increase the suction force of the suction port (5) on the residue and an ion blower (9) installed on the cover assembly (8) for eliminating static electricity on the wood, and a discharge port (10) is provided on one side of the cleaning mechanism; The processing position (31) is in the shape of a fan-shaped sink, and the arc portion is set as an opening. The suction port (5) is provided on the two symmetrical side walls of the processing position (31), and the inner top surface of the suction port (5) is higher than the top surface of the wooden board; a central air cavity (32) is provided inside the center of the rotating disk (3), and a connecting cavity (33) is provided between the central air cavity (32) and each of the suction ports (5); a dust pump (12) is provided below the rotating disk (3), and the dust pump (12) is connected to the central air cavity (32) through a connecting pipe; The laser engraving mechanism (7) comprises a three-axis moving assembly (71) and a laser head (72), wherein the three-axis moving assembly (71) comprises a fixed seat (711) mounted at the edge of the workbench (1), a first moving plate (712) being movably mounted on the fixed seat (711), a first motor (713) being fixedly mounted on one end of the fixed seat (711), an output end of the first motor (713) being fixedly connected to a first screw (714), the first screw (714) passing through the bottom of the first moving plate (712) and being connected by a thread; a second moving plate (715) being movably mounted on the first moving plate (712), a second motor (716) being fixedly mounted on one end of the second moving plate (715), ), the output end of the second motor (716) is fixedly connected to the second screw (717), the second screw (717) passes through the middle of the first movable plate (712) and is connected by a thread, the side of the second movable plate (715) is fixedly connected to the lifting seat (718), the third movable plate (719) is movably mounted on the lifting seat (718), the top of the lifting seat (718) is fixedly equipped with a third motor (7110), the output end of the third motor (7110) is fixedly connected to the third screw (7111), the third screw (7111) passes through the third movable plate (719) and is connected by a thread, and the side of the third movable plate (719) is connected and installed with the laser head (72); A grinding mechanism (13) for removing the carbonized layer is provided between the laser engraving mechanism (7) and the cleaning mechanism. The grinding mechanism (13) includes a grinding movable assembly (131) identical to the three-axis movable assembly (71). The grinding mechanism (13) further includes a grinder (132) mounted on the grinding movable assembly (131). A grinding sheet is mounted on the output end of the grinder (132). An infrared rangefinder (133) is mounted on one side of the grinder (132).

2. The laser engraving device for wood panels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The red light positioning component (6) includes a first mounting frame (61) mounted at the edge of the workbench (1), an infrared laser (62) is mounted on the first mounting frame (61), an industrial camera (63) is provided on one side of the infrared laser (62), the industrial camera (63) captures the red light position, an algorithm identifies the baseline and outputs an offset, a digital signal processor (64) is installed on the back of the first mounting frame (61), a control panel (11) is mounted on the outer wall of the workbench (1), and the control panel (11) is electrically connected to the digital signal processor (64).

3. The laser engraving device for wood panels according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover assembly (8) includes a second mounting frame (81), a cylinder (82) is installed on the top surface of the second mounting frame (81), a fan-shaped plate (83) is connected to one end of the telescopic rod of the cylinder (82), and the arc portion of the fan-shaped plate (83) is connected to an arc plate for covering the opening of the arc portion of the processing position (31); the ion blower (9) includes an air outlet (91) installed on the fan-shaped plate (83), a plurality of air outlet holes are opened on the air outlet (91), and an ion generator (92) is provided on the top surface of the second mounting frame (81), and the ion generator (92) is connected to the air outlet (91) through an air pipe.

4. The laser engraving device for wood panels according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of processing positions (31) are provided at equal angles around the center of the rotating disk (3), and an electric push rod (14) is installed on the side of the processing position (31) facing the opening, and a push plate is installed at one end of the telescopic rod of each electric push rod (14); a first gear (34) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the rotating disk (3), a servo motor (15) is provided on one side of the first gear (34), and a second gear (16) is installed at the output end of the servo motor (15), and the second gear (16) is engaged with the first gear (34) to drive the rotating disk (3) to rotate; a material receiving belt (17) is provided on one side of the discharge port (10).

5. The laser engraving device for wood panels according to claim 4, characterized in that: A dust collecting tank (18) is provided on one side of the servo motor (15), and the dust collecting pump (12) is provided on the top surface of the dust collecting tank (18). The dust collecting pump (12) is connected to the central air cavity (32) via the connecting pipe, and a rotary joint (19) is provided at the connection between the connecting pipe and the first gear (34).

6. A laser engraving process for wood panels, characterized by: The laser engraving process for a wood board is applied to the laser engraving device for a wood board according to claim 5, and the laser engraving process for a wood board comprises the following steps: S1: The conveyor belt (2) transports the wooden workpiece to the idle processing position (31) of the rotating disk (3), the negative pressure suction cup (4) is activated to absorb and fix the workpiece, and the dust pump (12) pre-suctions through the central air cavity (32) and the suction port (5) to prevent wood chips from accumulating; S2: The workpiece is moved to the bottom of the red light positioning assembly (6), the infrared laser (62) projects the reference line, the industrial camera (63) captures the workpiece contour, the digital signal processor (64) analyzes the image, calculates the workpiece offset and feeds it back to the control panel (11), and the three-axis moving assembly (71) adjusts the initial coordinates of the laser head (72) according to the offset; S3: The rotating disk (3) moves the workpiece to the laser engraving mechanism (7) station, and the three-axis moving assembly (71) drives the laser head (72) to engrave according to the preset path: the first motor (713) drives the X-axis movement, the second motor (716) drives the Y-axis movement, and the third motor (7110) drives the Z-axis focusing. During the entire engraving process, smoke and dust are absorbed in real time through the suction port (5) and introduced into the dust collection tank (18) through the connecting pipe; S4: The workpiece rotates to the cleaning mechanism station, the cylinder (82) pushes the fan plate (83) to close the opening of the processing position (31), and when the cover is closed, the negative pressure of the suction port (5) increases, the ion fan (9) starts, and the air outlet (91) sprays ion wind to eliminate the static electricity of the wood, and cooperates with the suction of the dust pump (12) to completely remove the residual debris; S5: After cleaning is completed, the rotary disc (3) rotates to move the workpiece to the discharge port (10), the negative pressure suction cup (4) releases the workpiece, and the electric push rod (14) is started to push the workpiece onto the receiving belt (17); then the system automatically starts the next cycle, and the multi-station design realizes continuous production.

Images