Small reference panel frame type part machining parallel precision method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machining, and particularly discloses a machining parallel precision machining method for small-reference panel frame type parts. Comprising a mould and a clamping table, and specifically comprises the following steps that S1, an aluminum blank in the 6061-T6 state is subjected to rough machining, process clamping steps are reserved on the inner sides of two square holes during rough machining of a part, after rough machining is completed, manual aging is conducted at 160-180 DEG C, air cooling is conducted after heat preservation is conducted for 12-24 hours, and internal stress is removed; and S2, after artificial aging, the part is subjected to semi-finish machining, and the allowance of 0.1 mm is reserved for two step datum planes on the bottom face. When a parallel precision surface is machined, through the reserved process clamping steps, the area of the bottom face datum plane is increased, the clamping position is provided, clamping is simplified, the machining precision is improved, the minimum deformation is guaranteed through the sequence and machining parameters for removing the process clamping steps from far to near, and the machining precision is improved. The purposes of improving the machining precision, the production efficiency and the product percent of pass are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machining, and particularly to a method for machining the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts. Background Art

[0002] Small reference panel frames generally refer to structural frames used to support, fix, or install small panels, display screens, instrument panels, etc. in fields such as construction, machinery, and electronics. Such products may have diverse designs and specifications due to different application fields.

[0003] Small reference panel frames are mainly used to provide a stable support platform to ensure that the panels or devices installed on them can operate stably and accurately. Through specific designs and structures, they achieve the fixation, adjustment, and positioning of the panels to meet the requirements of different application scenarios; small reference panel frames usually consist of components such as bases, support columns, crossbeams, and jigs. These components are combined together by welding, bolt connection, etc. to form a stable overall structure; the material selection depends on specific application scenarios and performance requirements. Common materials include aluminum alloy, stainless steel, cold-rolled steel plates, etc. These materials have good strength, corrosion resistance, and machining performance, and can meet the usage requirements under different environmental conditions.

[0004] With the continuous development of industrial technology, mechanical processing products are increasingly applied in industrial equipment, aerospace, transportation equipment (such as airplanes, trains, automobiles, life science instruments, etc.). However, in the process of mechanical processing, there is a type of panel frame part with a very small bottom contact surface, and the entire upper surface needs to be machined. The parallel and flatness accuracies are very high, it is difficult to clamp, and it is easy to deform, unable to meet the design requirements.

[0005] Therefore, the technicians in this field are committed to developing a method for machining the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts. During machining, by separating roughing and finishing, reserving a process platform, performing aging treatment, using reasonable cutting tools and machining parameters, and through tooling, finely machining the parallel surfaces, and removing the process platform in a reasonable sequence, thus simplifying the clamping, improving the machining accuracy, preventing deformation, meeting the design requirements of the product, solving the problem that the parts are not easy to clamp due to their shape characteristics and are prone to deformation affecting the machining accuracy, and providing new machining ideas for the mechanical processing industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a machining method for the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A machining method for the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts, including a fixture and a clamping table, and specifically further includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Rough machine the aluminum blank in the 6061-T6 state. When rough machining the part, leave a process clamping step on the inner side of the two square holes. After rough machining, perform artificial aging at 160-180 °C, keep warm for 12-24 hours, and then air cool to remove internal stress;

[0009] S2. After artificial aging, semi-finish machine the part. Leave a 0.1 mm allowance on the two-step reference surfaces at the bottom, 0.1 mm allowance on the upper surface and the step surface. Machine a countersunk hole M2 at the process clamping step, and then perform high and low temperature aging to further stabilize the dimensions of the part after finish machining;

[0010] S3. After high and low temperature aging, finish mill the two-step reference surfaces at the bottom, leaving a 0.03 mm allowance;

[0011] S4. Perform grinding to ensure a flatness of 0.006 mm;

[0012] S5. Use a five-axis machine tool to make a fixture. Fasten with M2 screws using the countersunk holes on the five process clamping steps, and finish mill the upper surface, the step surface and the square holes on the connecting side surface to ensure a parallelism of 0.015 mm with the bottom surface;

[0013] S6. Above the bottom step, for the four holes with a diameter of 3.4, install M3 screws. In the order from far to near the distance from the M3 screws, use a small tool and a small cutting amount to remove the process clamping steps in sequence to ensure the accuracy requirements of the part.

[0014] Preferably, in S2, in the semi-finishing process, the reserved process clamping step is at the same height as the step surface and the bottom reference surface, further enlarging the reference surface to prevent excessive suspension of the part. A relief groove with a width of 4 mm and a depth of 0.5 is made at the contact part between the process clamping step and the side surface of the part to reduce the contact area between the process clamping step and the part and reduce the deformation amount after removal.

[0015] Through the setting of the above technical solution, the reserved process clamping step provides a stable clamping reference for the workpiece, helps to reduce errors caused by improper clamping, thereby improving the machining accuracy, and can ensure that the parallelism requirements between the machined surfaces are met, which is particularly important in the machining of high-precision parallel surfaces;

[0016] After reserving the process step, multiple surfaces can be machined in one clamping, reducing the time consumption for positioning, alignment, etc. caused by multiple clampings, thereby shortening the entire machining cycle, reducing the number of clampings and positioning time, enabling the machine tool to be in an effective machining state for a longer time, and improving the machining efficiency;

[0017] Reserve process clamping steps. For the machining of small-batch and multi-variety parts, the cost and cycle of making special fixtures are often high. By reserving process clamping steps, general fixtures can be used to complete the machining, reducing the production cost of special fixtures; it can reduce waste caused by excessive material removal during the machining process and improve the material utilization rate;

[0018] In summary, when machining parallel precision surfaces, the reserved process clamping steps can improve machining accuracy, shorten the machining cycle, reduce machining costs, enhance machining flexibility, and improve machining safety, etc. It is of great significance for improving product quality, reducing production costs, and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises.

[0019] Preferably, in S6, during the removal of the process clamping, the screws on the process clamping steps are not loosened. On the 4 diameter-3.4 hole positions on the right side, M3 screws are used for fastening. The left clamping process step is 60 mm away from the M3 screw clamping position, which is relatively far. To improve the clamping strength, small tools and small cutting depths are used, and the process clamping steps are removed sequentially from left to right to ensure the precision requirements of the parts.

[0020] Through the setting of the above technical solution, machining in the order from far to near can reduce the influence of vibration and deformation generated during the machining of the distal end of the workpiece on the proximal machining surface. Because when the distal part is machined first, the rigidity of the workpiece will be improved to a certain extent, thereby reducing vibration and deformation during the subsequent machining process;

[0021] Removing the process clamping steps in the order from far to near can better control the parallelism and perpendicularity of the machining surface. Because the machining of the distal part will not directly interfere with the proximal part. By reasonably planning and selecting machining parameters, multiple steps can be machined in one clamping, thereby reducing the tool change times and clamping time and improving the machining efficiency;

[0022] The order from far to near usually means a more reasonable tool movement path, which can reduce the idle stroke and further improve the machining efficiency. The machining of the distal part usually does not generate excessive cutting force on the tool. Therefore, the tool can be used to machine this part first to extend the tool life. As the machining progresses, when the tool gradually approaches the center of the workpiece, the cutting force may increase, but at this time, the tool wear is relatively less;

[0023] In summary, by the order of removing the process clamping steps from far to near and the reasonable selection of machining parameters, it can bring advantages such as improving machining accuracy, improving machining efficiency, extending tool life, enhancing machining stability, and flexibly coping with different machining requirements, which is of great significance for improving product quality, reducing production costs, and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] The present invention provides a processing method for the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts. When processing the parallel accuracy surface, through the reserved process clamping step, it not only increases the area of the bottom reference surface but also provides a clamping position, simplifies the clamping, and improves the processing accuracy.

[0026] When the process disclosed by the present invention processes the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts, it adopts rough machining → aging → semi-finishing → high and low temperature aging → finishing (tooling) → removing the process clamping step. By the order and processing parameters of removing the process clamping step from far to near, it ensures the minimum deformation amount and achieves the purpose of improving processing accuracy, production efficiency, and product qualification rate.

[0027] To sum up, when processing the parallel accuracy surface, through the reserved process clamping step, it can improve processing accuracy, shorten the processing cycle, reduce processing costs, enhance processing flexibility, and improve processing safety, etc. It is of great significance for improving product quality, reducing production costs, and enhancing enterprise competitiveness;

[0028] Moreover, by the order of removing the process clamping step from far to near and the selection of reasonable processing parameters, it can bring advantages such as improving processing accuracy, improving processing efficiency, prolonging tool life, enhancing processing stability, and flexibly coping with different processing requirements. It is of great significance for improving product quality, reducing production costs, and enhancing enterprise competitiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is the step flow chart of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the clamping table and the tooling of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the top of the tooling of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] A processing method for the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts, including a tooling 1 and a clamping table 2, specifically further includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. Rough machine the aluminum blank in the 6061 - T6 state. When rough machining the part, leave process clamping steps on the inner sides of the two square holes. After rough machining, perform artificial aging at 160 - 180 °C, keep warm for 12 - 24 hours, and then air cool to remove internal stress.

[0036] S2. After artificial aging, semi - finish machine the part. Leave a 0.1 - mm allowance on the two step reference surfaces at the bottom, 0.1 - mm allowance on the upper surface and the step surface. Machine a countersunk hole M2 at the process clamping steps. Then perform high - low temperature aging to further stabilize the dimensions of the part after finish machining.

[0037] S3. After high - low temperature aging, finish - mill the two step reference surfaces at the bottom, leaving a 0.03 - mm allowance.

[0038] S4. Perform grinding to ensure a flatness of 0.006 mm.

[0039] S5. Use a five - axis machine to make a fixture. Fasten with M2 screws using the countersunk holes on the five process clamping steps. Finish - mill the upper surface, the step surface and the square holes on the connecting side surface, ensuring a parallelism of 0.015 mm with the bottom surface.

[0040] S6. Above the bottom steps, for the four holes with a diameter of 3.4, install M3 screws. In the order from far to near from the M3 screws, use small tools and small cutting depths to sequentially remove the process clamping steps to ensure the accuracy requirements of the part.

[0041] Example Two

[0042] The present invention is further described in detail. In S2, during the semi - finishing process, the reserved process clamping steps are at the same height as the step surface and the bottom reference surface, further enlarging the reference surface to prevent excessive suspension of the part. A relief groove with a width of 4 mm and a depth of 0.5 is made at the contact part between the process clamping steps and the side surface of the part to reduce the contact area between the process clamping steps and the part and reduce the deformation after removal.

[0043] As can be seen from the above, the reserved process clamping steps provide a stable clamping reference for the workpiece, helping to reduce errors caused by improper clamping, thereby improving the machining accuracy, ensuring that the parallelism requirements between the machined surfaces can be met, which is particularly important in machining that requires high - precision parallel surfaces.

[0044] After reserving the process steps, multiple surfaces can be machined in one clamping, reducing the time consumption for positioning, alignment, etc. caused by multiple clampings, thus shortening the entire machining cycle, reducing the number of clampings and positioning time, enabling the machine tool to be in an effective machining state for a longer time, and improving the machining efficiency.

[0045] Reserve process clamping steps. For the processing of small-batch and multi-variety parts, the cost and cycle of making special fixtures are often high. By reserving process clamping steps, general fixtures can be used to complete the processing, reducing the manufacturing cost of special fixtures; it can reduce waste caused by excessive material removal during the processing, and improve the material utilization rate;

[0046] In summary, when processing parallel precision surfaces, the reserved process clamping steps can improve processing accuracy, shorten the processing cycle, reduce processing costs, enhance processing flexibility, and improve processing safety, etc. It is of great significance for improving product quality, reducing production costs, and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises.

[0047] Example Three

[0048] In further detailed description of the present invention, in S6, during the removal of the process clamping, the screws on the process clamping steps are not loosened. M3 screws are used to fasten at 4 hole positions with a diameter of 3.4 on the right side. The left clamping process step is 60 mm away from the M3 screw clamping position, which is relatively far. In order to improve the clamping strength, small tools and small cutting depths are used, and the process clamping steps are removed sequentially from left to right to ensure the accuracy requirements of the parts;

[0049] As can be seen from the above, machining in the order from far to near can reduce the influence of vibration and deformation generated during the machining of the distal end of the workpiece on the proximal machining surface, because when the distal part is machined first, the rigidity of the workpiece will be improved to a certain extent, thereby reducing vibration and deformation during subsequent machining;

[0050] Removing the process clamping steps in the order from far to near can better control the parallelism and perpendicularity of the machining surface, because the machining of the distal part will not directly interfere with the proximal part. By reasonably planning and selecting machining parameters, multiple steps can be machined in one clamping, thereby reducing the number of tool changes and clamping time, and improving the machining efficiency;

[0051] The order from far to near usually means that the movement path of the tool is more reasonable, which can reduce the idle stroke and further improve the machining efficiency. The machining of the distal part usually does not generate too much cutting force on the tool, so the tool can be used to machine this part first to extend the tool life. As the machining progresses, when the tool gradually approaches the center of the workpiece, the cutting force may increase, but at this time the tool wear is relatively less;

[0052] In summary, by the order of removing the process clamping steps from far to near and the selection of reasonable machining parameters, it can bring advantages such as improving machining accuracy, improving machining efficiency, extending tool life, enhancing machining stability, and flexibly coping with different machining requirements, which is of great significance for improving product quality, reducing production costs, and enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises.

[0053] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machining method for the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts, characterized in that, It includes a jig (1) and a clamping table (2), and specifically also includes the following steps: S1. Rough machine the aluminum blank in the 6061-T6 state, and reserve process clamping steps on the inner sides of the two square holes during rough machining of the part; S2. After artificial aging, semi-finish machine the part, and then perform high and low temperature aging to further stabilize the dimensions of the part after finish machining; S3. After high and low temperature aging, finish mill the reference surfaces of the two steps on the bottom surface; S4. Grind the part; S5. Use a five-axis machine tool to make a work fixture, utilize the counterbore holes on the five process clamping steps, fasten with M2 screws, and finish mill the upper surface, step surface and the square hole on the connecting flat side; S6. Above the bottom step, for the four holes with a diameter of 3.4 mm, install M3 screws. In the order from far to near from the M3 screws, use small tools and small cutting depths to sequentially remove the process clamping steps to ensure the accuracy requirements of the part.

2. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the rough machining is completed, perform artificial aging at 160 - 180 °C, keep warm for 12 - 24 hours and then air cool to remove internal stress.

3. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: During semi-finish machining of the part, the allowance for the two step reference surfaces on the bottom surface of the part is 0.1 mm, and the allowance for the upper surface and step surface of the part is 0.1 mm.

4. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: After high and low temperature aging of the part, the allowance for finish milling the reference surfaces of the two steps on the bottom surface of the part is 0.03 mm.

5. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flatness of the surface where the part is ground is 0.006 mm.

6. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Finish mill the upper surface, step surface and the square hole on the connecting flat side of the part, making the square hole parallel to the bottom surface by 0.015 mm.

7. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw size used for the four holes with a diameter of 3.4 mm above the bottom step of the part is M3.

8. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stress relief groove is provided at the part of the process clamping step in contact with the side surface of the part, and the size of the stress relief groove is 4 mm wide and 0.5 mm deep.

9. The machining method for the parallel accuracy of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left clamping process step is 60 mm away from the M3 screw clamping position.

10. The machining method for the parallel precision of small reference panel frame parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Counterbore holes are machined at the process clamping steps of the part, and the size of the counterbore holes is M2.

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