Deep sea depth diversity subsurface buoy laying method based on vertical sound field complementary effect
By arranging multiple subarrays at different depth layers and combining signals using the sound field complementary effect, the problem of limited detection range of submarine arrays under complex seabed terrain is solved, and effective detection and signal enhancement in large areas and all waters is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510365830.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-25
AI Technical Summary
Under complex seabed terrain, it is difficult for a single submarine array to effectively detect the sound field, and the propagation of sound waves is affected by the multipath effect and occlusion effect, resulting in limited detection range.
The deep-sea depth diversity latent standard layout method based on the vertical sound field complementary effect is adopted. By arranging multiple sub-arrays at different depth layers, the sound field complementary effect is used to signal merge, avoid signal attenuation and refraction influence, and improve detection range and signal strength.
It realizes effective detection of large areas and all waters under complex seabed terrain, enhances detection reliability and anti-interference ability, and expands the detection range.
Smart Images
Figure CN120364068A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of ocean engineering and underwater acoustics engineering, and particularly relates to a deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy deployment method based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields, which is applicable to the mooring buoy deployment method for underwater acoustic detection in complex seabed terrains, and can effectively reduce the detection shadow area and increase the detection range. Background Art
[0002] With the increasing development of marine resources and the growing emphasis on the protection of marine rights and interests, marine detection plays an indispensable role in seabed terrain mapping and underwater target search. In complex reef areas, due to the existence of seabed terrains such as slopes, seamounts, and trenches, acoustic field detection faces huge challenges. In particular, the complex terrain in reef areas greatly affects the propagation process of sound waves, including phenomena such as sound wave scattering, reflection, shielding, and attenuation. These factors make it difficult to effectively conduct acoustic field detection using a single mooring buoy array.
[0003] The shielding effect of complex terrain on the acoustic field will severely limit the detection range of mooring buoys. The multipath effect is manifested as the sound wave experiencing multiple reflections and refractions when propagating in an underwater environment, resulting in the signal propagating along different paths, and the signals on these paths may interfere with each other, causing signal enhancement or attenuation. For example, in shallow water areas such as the Long Island Sound, the propagation of low-frequency sound waves is significantly affected by the terrain. In addition, in an inclined seabed environment, a shadow area will be formed in the surface sound channel, resulting in an increase in deep-sea propagation loss. The inclined terrain may increase the propagation loss by up to 45 dB. In the research in the Okinawa Sea area, it was found that when the source frequency is lower than the cut-off frequency of the surface sound channel, the sound energy can effectively propagate in a flat seabed environment, but the propagation efficiency is significantly reduced in an inclined seabed environment. In the experiment on Mount Dirac, the propagation loss is related to the source depth, and the multipath propagation phenomenon is significant. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy deployment method based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields to overcome the problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above task, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] A deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy deployment method based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields, comprising:
[0007] Determine the relevant parameters of the sea area to be deployed with sub-arrays;
[0008] Configure the Bellhop acoustic field model parameters according to the relevant parameters of the sea area to be deployed;
[0009] Use the configured Bellhop acoustic field model for parallel acceleration calculation to obtain the acoustic propagation loss data of the sub-arrays at each depth position;
[0010] Based on the relationship between the depth position of the sub-array layout and the convergence zone, the sea area to be arranged is vertically divided into three depth layers: shallow layer, middle layer, and deep layer; one sub-array is arranged in each depth layer, and the horizontal layout positions of all sub-arrays are the same; determine the position schemes composed of the sound propagation loss combinations at different depth positions in each depth layer;
[0011] Superimpose the sound propagation loss data included in each position scheme to obtain the sound field data when sub-arrays are respectively arranged at the depth positions selected in the three depth layers of each position scheme; calculate the total sound pressure level based on this sound field data;
[0012] Evaluate the receiving performance of the sub-array combination using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme, and determine the optimal detection combination.
[0013] Furthermore, the method further includes:
[0014] Calculate the actual effective detection area of the three sub-arrays arranged under the optimal detection combination. When the effective detection area index is met, it indicates that the arrangement meets the requirements; otherwise, adjust the depth layer division range and recalculate.
[0015] Furthermore, the relevant parameters of the sea area to be arranged for the sub-array combination include the maximum depth of the sea area, the sea area width, the seabed geology, the frequency, the sound speed profile data, and the propagation loss threshold of the sub-array, as well as the expected effective detection area index to be achieved; the expected effective detection area index refers to the expected effective detection area within the depth range of the target activity to be detected.
[0016] Furthermore, the parallel acceleration calculation using the configured Bellhop sound field model includes:
[0017] Divide the depth of the sea area to be arranged with a set depth interval as the step size, use each divided depth position as the layout position of a sub-array, and generate an independent environment file and then run Bellhop.
[0018] Furthermore, determining the position schemes composed of the sound propagation loss combinations at different depth positions in each depth layer includes:
[0019] In each depth layer, select the sound propagation loss data of the sub-array calculated at the corresponding depth position to form the sound propagation loss data combination at each depth position in this depth layer; arrange and combine the sound propagation loss data at each depth position in the sound propagation loss data combination of the shallow layer with the sound propagation loss data at each depth position in the sound propagation loss data combinations of the middle layer and the deep layer to obtain multiple position schemes; each position scheme includes the sound propagation loss data corresponding to one depth position in the shallow layer, middle layer, and deep layer, and each depth position is used to arrange a sub-array.
[0020] Furthermore, the relationship between the depth position of the sub-array placement and the convergence zone is as follows: for every 100 m increase in the depth position of the sub-array placement, the span of the convergence zone is reduced by approximately 5 km.
[0021] Furthermore, the receiving performance of the sub-array combination is evaluated using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme, and the optimal detection combination is determined, including:
[0022] Using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme, calculate the theoretical reception range that satisfies less than the set propagation loss threshold within the target active depth range, and calculate the proportion of this theoretical reception range in the target active depth range;
[0023] Select the position scheme with the largest proportion, and take the depth positions selected from the three depth layers included in this position scheme as the optimal detection combination, that is, the final arrangement positions of the three sub-arrays.
[0024] Furthermore, the sub-arrays arranged in each depth layer use different transmission frequencies in the range of 300 Hz - 1 kHz and perform incoherent superposition to form a complementary sound field.
[0025] An underwater mooring system, in which the sub-arrays in the system are arranged using the deep-sea depth diversity underwater mooring placement method based on the complementary effect of the vertical sound field.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical features:
[0027] 1. Compatible with the whole water area: Through a three-stage architecture of the mixed layer (shallow sea) / main thermocline (transition) / deep-sea linear layer (core), large-area coverage of water depths from 200 m to 5000 m is achieved.
[0028] 2. Suitable for deep-sea detection, underwater communication and other fields. Through depth dimension diversity, the problem of limited propagation in the vertical direction of traditional single sub-arrays is effectively solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 It is a concept diagram of depth diversity; where (a) is a single sub-array with a depth of 20 m, (b) is a single sub-array with a depth of 300 m, (c) is a single sub-array with a depth of 2000 m, and (d) is the superposition of single sub-arrays with depths of 20 m, 300 m and 2000 m;
[0030] Figure 2 It is the sound propagation loss at different depths of a single sub-array under a seamount terrain with a height of 3000 m; where (a) is a single sub-array with a depth of 20 m, (b) is a single sub-array with a depth of 200 m, (c) is a single sub-array with a depth of 4000 m, and (d) is the superposition of single sub-arrays with depths of 20 m, 200 m and 4000 m;
[0031] Figure 3Sound propagation loss at different single - subarray depths under an uphill terrain with a slope of 16.6°; among them, (a) is for a single - subarray depth of 20 m, (b) is for a single - subarray depth of 300 m, (c) is for a single - subarray depth of 4000 m, and (d) is the superposition of single - subarray depths of 20 m, 300 m, and 4000 m.
[0032] Figure 4 Sound propagation loss at different single - subarray depths under a downhill terrain with a slope of 8.3°; (a) is for a single - subarray depth of 50 m, (b) is for a single - subarray depth of 300 m, (c) is for a single - subarray depth of 1000 m, and (d) is the superposition of single - subarray depths of 50 m, 300 m, and 1000 m.
[0033] Figure 5 Sound propagation loss at different single - subarray depths under a flat terrain of 5000 m; among them, (a) is for a single - subarray depth of 100 m, (b) is for a single - subarray depth of 1000 m, (c) is for a single - subarray depth of 4800 m, and (d) is the superposition of single - subarray depths of 100 m, 1000 m, and 4800 m.
[0034] Figure 6 Schematic flow diagram of the method of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners
[0035] In the field of underwater acoustic detection and communication, the vertical coherence and propagation characteristics of the sound field have an important impact on the detection effect and communication quality. The vertical sound - field complementary effect enables the sound signals emitted by sub - arrays at different depths to interact with each other in space, achieving the complementarity and enhancement of the sound field in the vertical direction. This effect is closely related to the propagation characteristics of sound signals, the terrain, and the configuration of sub - arrays. Especially in the deep - sea environment, the vertical coherence property of the sound field is crucial for improving the vertical - array gain and detecting underwater targets.
[0036] By deploying multiple sub - arrays through depth diversity, the receiving end can simultaneously receive the signals from sub - arrays at different depths. Utilizing the sound - field complementary effect, it can avoid the adverse effects of attenuation or refraction on a certain layer of signals, enabling the signals from different paths to compensate each other at the receiving point, thereby increasing the range and intensity of sound signals. By implementing signal combination through depth - diversity superposition of multiple sub - arrays, the problems of multipath effects and large detection shadow areas in the deep - sea environment can be solved, improving the detection reliability and anti - interference ability.
[0037] A moored buoy is an anchored observation device deployed underwater, usually consisting of a floating body, sensors, a release device, a communication module, etc. Its characteristics are that it is fixed by an anchor chain or by sitting on the seabed, with strong concealment, and can continuously collect ocean acoustic signals for a long time; a subarray refers to a part of an array composed of multiple sensors or device units. For example, in a sonar system, a subarray may be a local array composed of multiple hydrophones. A subarray can independently complete local signal acquisition and cooperate with other subarrays to achieve large-scale coverage or high-precision positioning; a single subarray refers to an independent subarray unit, which refers to a small moored buoy containing only a single sensor and is used for local area data acquisition; a moored buoy system can integrate multiple subarrays to form a comprehensive observation array. In this solution, a moored buoy system formed by depth diversity deployment of multiple subarrays at the same horizontal position is used to expand the detection area.
[0038] A convergence zone is an area where acoustic energy is concentrated due to refraction and reflection when sound waves propagate in water, commonly found in the deep ocean channel environment; the mixed layer is a vertically uniform water layer formed in the ocean surface layer due to the action of wind waves stirring, thermal convection, etc. Convergence zone and mixed layer: The depth of the mixed layer affects the propagation path of sound waves, thereby changing the position and intensity of the convergence zone, which is crucial for underwater communication design.
[0039] The different deployment depths of the subarrays will affect the position, span and depth range of the convergence zone: the deeper the deployment depth, the closer the position where the convergence zone appears, the smaller the span, and the smaller the depth range. When the deployment depth of the subarray is relatively shallow and there is a mixed layer, the surface waveguide can be used to effectively detect long-distance areas. In this case, the range of the received signal is affected not only by the convergence zone, but also by the shadow zone and the surface waveguide. By reasonably designing the deployment depth of the subarray, these acoustic phenomena can be fully utilized to achieve full coverage and efficient detection of the target area. In order to avoid the limited detection range of a single subarray, the present invention proposes a depth diversity moored buoy deployment method based on the complementary effect of the vertical sound field, which can maximize the detection distance range in the depth interval of 200 meters - 500 meters by deploying multiple subarrays at different depths for depth diversity.
[0040] A deep-sea depth diversity moored buoy deployment method based on the complementary effect of the vertical sound field provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
[0041] Step 1, determine the relevant parameters of the sea area where the subarray combination is to be deployed.
[0042] First, determine the maximum depth of the sea area, the sea area width, the seabed geology, the frequency, the sound speed profile data and the propagation loss threshold of the subarray (only when the propagation loss is less than this value can it be detected, such as 90 dB), and the effective detection area index to be achieved.
[0043] The expected effective detection area index to be achieved refers to the expected effective detection area within the depth range of the target activity to be detected. For example, when the target to be detected is a submarine, its general activity depth range is from 200 meters to 500 meters, and the index can be set to 80% within this depth range.
[0044] For example, a certain deep-sea area covers approximately 2.1 million square kilometers, and the sea area with a water depth of 2000 - 4000 meters has the widest distribution, which is a typical deep-sea environment. If the depth of the sea area is determined to be within 2000 - 4000 meters, the next step of subarray depth stratification can be carried out.
[0045] The general activity range of submarines is usually between 200 meters and 500 meters. By deploying depth-diversity moored buoys, acoustic field complementarity can detect almost all areas within the range of 200 meters to 500 meters in a sea area, significantly improving the detection ability. The conceptual diagram of this subarray deployment is as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 In (a), (b), and (c) respectively are the subarrays of each layer. The blue dotted line indicates the detectable area of the single subarray within the depth range of 200 meters to 500 meters. Figure 1 In (c), it is the situation after the combined detection and complementarity of the subarrays, and the detection area is greatly increased.
[0046] Step 2: Configure the Bellhop acoustic field model parameters according to the relevant parameters of the sea area to be arranged.
[0047] For example, set the maximum depth of this sea area to 4000 meters, the sea area width to 70 kilometers, the seabed geology to the silt bottom type, the frequency to 400 Hz, the propagation loss threshold of the subarray to 90 dB, and the expected effective detection area index to 80%, and import the corresponding sound speed profile data.
[0048] Step 3: Use the configured Bellhop acoustic field model for parallel acceleration calculation; divide the depth of the sea area to be arranged with the set depth interval as the step size, take each divided depth position as the arrangement position of a subarray, and generate an independent environment file and then run Bellhop to obtain the acoustic propagation loss data of the subarray at each depth position.
[0049] Among them, the depth interval can be, for example, 50 meters. When the set maximum depth of the sea area is 4000 meters, with a step size of 50 meters, the divided depth positions are 50 meters, 100 meters... 3950 meters, 4000 meters; each depth position is calculated as a possible arrangement position of a subarray. In this embodiment, if the step size is set to 50 meters, the subsequent running time is about 7 minutes; the smaller the step size, the longer the time used.
[0050] Step 4: Based on the relationship between the depth position of sub - array placement and the convergence zone, the sea area to be arranged is vertically divided into three depth layers: shallow layer, middle layer, and deep layer; one sub - array is arranged in each depth layer, and the horizontal arrangement positions of all sub - arrays are the same; determine the position schemes formed by the sound propagation loss combinations at different depth positions in each depth layer, specifically as follows:
[0051] In each depth layer, select the sound propagation loss data of the sub - array calculated at the corresponding depth position in Step 3, so as to form the sound propagation loss data combination at each depth position in this depth layer; arrange and combine the sound propagation loss data at each depth position in the sound propagation loss data combination of the shallow layer with the sound propagation loss data at each depth position in the sound propagation loss data combinations of the middle layer and the deep layer respectively, to obtain multiple position schemes; each position scheme contains the sound propagation loss data corresponding to one depth position in the shallow layer, middle layer, and deep layer, and one sub - array is arranged at each depth position.
[0052] Among them, the fact that the horizontal arrangement positions of all sub - arrays are the same means that in the horizontal direction of the sea area, the arrangement positions of all sub - arrays are the same, only the vertical arrangement positions in the sea are different.
[0053] Among them, the relationship between the depth position of sub - array placement and the convergence zone is: for every 100 m increase in the depth position of sub - array placement, the span of the convergence zone is reduced by approximately 5 km.
[0054] In this embodiment, the depth layers are divided as follows:
[0055] Shallow layer (0 - 200 m): mainly for long - distance (>57 km), the depth of the convergence zone is 200 - 530 m;
[0056] Middle layer (200 - 1000 m): covering medium - distance (44 - 57 km), the depth of the convergence zone is 200 - 500 m;
[0057] Deep layer (1000 m - 4000 m): focusing on short - distance (<45 km), the depth of the convergence zone is <500 m.
[0058] Taking this embodiment as an example, selecting the sound propagation loss data at the 50 - m depth position in the shallow layer, the 300 - m depth position in the middle layer, and the 2050 - m depth position in the deep layer constitutes a position scheme; and arranging and combining all depth positions in the shallow layer, middle layer, and deep layer to form all position schemes.
[0059] Step 5: Superimpose the sound propagation loss data included in each position scheme to obtain the sound field data when sub - arrays are arranged at the selected depth positions in the three depth layers of each position scheme; calculate the total sound pressure level (converted to decibels) based on this sound field data, which is used for the next comparison to finally determine the placement depth of each sub - array.
[0060] Step 6: Evaluate the receiving performance of the sub-array combinations using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme, and determine the optimal detection combination. Specifically:
[0061] Using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme, calculate the theoretical reception range (where a reception range less than the propagation loss threshold is considered detectable) within the target active depth range (such as the range from a depth of 200 meters to 500 meters) that meets the requirement of being less than the set propagation loss threshold, and calculate the proportion of this theoretical reception range within the target active depth range.
[0062] Select the position scheme with the largest proportion, and use the depth positions selected for the three depth layers included in this position scheme as the optimal detection combination (the area that can be detected after the sound field data of the three sub-array depth combinations are superimposed is the largest), that is, the final arrangement positions of the three sub-arrays. Sub-arrays can be arranged at different emission frequencies (300 Hz - 1 kHz) for each depth layer, and non-coherent superposition is performed to form a complementary sound field.
[0063] Step 7: Calculate the actual effective detection area of the three sub-arrays arranged under the optimal detection combination. When the effective detection area index is met, it indicates that the arrangement meets the requirements; otherwise, return to Step 4, appropriately adjust the division range of the depth layer, and then re-execute the subsequent steps.
[0064] Example:
[0065] Figure 2 The propagation loss under the seamount terrain was simulated. The seamount has an obvious blocking effect on the propagation of sound signals, and an obvious sound shadow area will be formed on the back of the seamount. As the depth of the sub-array increases, the detection range on the back of the seamount will gradually increase, but the signal intensity is small. However, the signal intensity in the deep-sea area at a relatively long distance from the back is weak and cannot be detected. Through the superposition of three depth-diversity moorings, the effective detection area from 200 meters to 500 meters can be increased to more than 80%.
[0066] Figure 3 The propagation loss under the uphill terrain was simulated. Under the uphill terrain, it is difficult for signals to propagate to the shallow sea area at the top of the slope, such as Figure 3 in (a). Through the superposition of the sound fields of the three sub-arrays, the sound shadow area is significantly reduced, and the signal intensity in most of the shallow sea area is also increased, such as Figure 3 in (c). The detection efficiency is significantly improved, and there is no sound shadow area at the top of the slope.
[0067] Figure 4The propagation loss under a downhill terrain was simulated. The acoustic signal was reflected by the downhill terrain, inverted at the channel axis part, and propagated into the distance. When the sub-array depth was shallow, there was a partial acoustic shadow zone in the shallow sea. As the sub-array depth increased, the part with a stronger acoustic signal in the sea area shifted from the shallow sea to the deep sea, but an acoustic shadow zone appeared at the bottom of the slope. Through the superposition of acoustic waves from three sub-arrays, the acoustic signal could almost cover the entire area.
[0068] Figure 5 The propagation loss under a flat terrain of 5000 m was simulated. The propagation loss diagrams when the depth of a single sub-array was 100 m, 1000 m, and 4800 m are shown in Figure 5 (a), (b), and (c) thereof. The propagation loss after the superposition and complementation of these three sub-arrays is shown in Figure 5 (d) thereof. By comparing the propagation loss diagrams under different sub-array depths and in the cases of multiple sub-arrays and a single sub-array, it can be seen that the case of multiple sub-arrays can significantly expand the detection range and reduce the acoustic shadow zone.
[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for deploying a deep - sea depth - diversity mooring buoy based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields, characterized in that, Including: Determine the relevant parameters of the sea area where the subarray combination is to be deployed; Configure the Bellhop acoustic field model parameters according to the relevant parameters of the sea area to be deployed; Use the configured Bellhop acoustic field model for parallel acceleration calculation to obtain the acoustic propagation loss data of the subarray at each depth position; Based on the relationship between the depth position of the subarray deployment and the convergence zone, vertically divide the sea area to be deployed into three depth layers: shallow layer, middle layer, and deep layer; one subarray is to be deployed in each depth layer, and the horizontal deployment positions of all subarrays are the same; determine the position schemes composed of the acoustic propagation loss combinations at different depth positions in each depth layer; Superimpose the acoustic propagation loss data included in each position scheme to obtain the acoustic field data when subarrays are respectively deployed at the depth positions selected in the three depth layers of each position scheme; Calculate the total sound pressure level based on this acoustic field data; Evaluate the receiving performance of the subarray combination using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme, and determine the optimal detection combination.
2. The deep-sea depth diversity mooring deployment method based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields according to claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: Calculate the actual effective detection area of the three subarrays deployed under the optimal detection combination. When the effective detection area index is met, it indicates that the deployment meets the requirements; otherwise, adjust the depth layer division range and recalculate.
3. The deep-sea depth diversity mooring deployment method based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields according to claim 1, wherein The relevant parameters of the sea area where the subarray combination is to be deployed include the maximum depth of the sea area, the sea area width, the seabed geology, the frequency, the sound velocity profile data, and the propagation loss threshold of the subarray, as well as the expected effective detection area index to be achieved; the expected effective detection area index refers to the expected effective detection area within the target activity depth range to be detected.
4. The method for deploying a deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields according to claim 1, wherein The use of the configured Bellhop acoustic field model for parallel acceleration calculation includes: Divide the depth of the sea area to be deployed with a set depth interval as the step size, take each divided depth position as the deployment position of a subarray, and generate an independent environmental file and then run Bellhop.
5. The method for deploying a deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields according to claim 1, wherein, Determine the position schemes composed of the acoustic propagation loss combinations at different depth positions in each depth layer, including: In each depth layer, select the acoustic propagation loss data of the subarray calculated at the corresponding depth position to form the acoustic propagation loss data combination at each depth position in this depth layer; arrange and combine the acoustic propagation loss data at each depth position in the acoustic propagation loss data combination of the shallow layer with the acoustic propagation loss data at each depth position in the acoustic propagation loss data combinations of the middle layer and the deep layer to obtain multiple position schemes; each position scheme includes the acoustic propagation loss data corresponding to one depth position in the shallow layer, middle layer, and deep layer, and each depth position is used to deploy one subarray.
6. The method for deploying a deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields according to claim 1, wherein The relationship between the depth position of the subarray deployment and the convergence zone is: for every 100 m increase in the depth position of the subarray deployment, the span of the convergence zone is reduced by approximately 5 km.
7. The method for deploying a deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields according to claim 1, wherein Evaluate the receiving performance of the subarray combination using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme and determine the optimal detection combination, including: Using the total sound pressure level calculated for each position scheme, calculate the theoretical reception range that satisfies less than the set propagation loss threshold within the target activity depth range, and calculate the proportion of this theoretical reception range in the target activity depth range; Select the position scheme with the largest ratio, and use the depth positions selected by the three depth layers included in this position scheme as the optimal detection combination, that is, the final arrangement positions of the three sub-arrays.
8. The method for deploying a deep-sea depth diversity mooring buoy based on the complementary effect of vertical sound fields according to claim 1, wherein The sub-arrays arranged in each depth layer use different transmission frequencies in the range of 300 Hz - 1 kHz, and perform incoherent superposition to form a complementary sound field.
9. An underwater mooring system, characterized in that, The sub-arrays in this system are arranged using the deep-sea depth diversity mooring deployment method based on the complementary effect of the vertical sound field according to any one of claims 1-8.