Two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure for offshore wind turbine

Abstract

The two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure comprises a cabin, a tuned mass damping piece and an inerter element, the tuned mass damping piece and the inerter element are arranged in the cabin, and a flywheel damping device is composed of an energy consumption ring and a flywheel. The two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure has a two-stage state. The damping effect can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration control of offshore engineering structures, and particularly to a two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure for an offshore wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] As the core equipment for deep-sea and far-sea renewable energy development, floating wind turbines play an irreplaceable role. Currently, the globally commissioned floating wind power projects have fully verified their technical feasibility in waters with a water depth of 50 - 200 meters. However, the problem of platform dynamic stability remains the key bottleneck restricting commercial promotion. The problem of six-degree-of-freedom coupled vibration faced by the platform in a complex marine environment is becoming increasingly prominent, and traditional vibration control technologies are no longer able to meet the current engineering requirements.

[0003] Existing tuned mass dampers (TMDs) mainly suppress vibrations at specific frequencies through the mass-spring resonance principle. However, their inherent characteristics have defects such as insufficient frequency-domain adaptability and a single energy dissipation mechanism. Especially when the platform encounters low-frequency large-amplitude vibrations, the mass block of the traditional TMD is likely to exceed the design stroke, leading to the risk of rigid collision and causing fatigue damage to the connection part between the tower barrel and the nacelle.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a composite damping system that can achieve broadband vibration suppression through a hierarchical vibration reduction mechanism and an adaptive control strategy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure for an offshore wind turbine, including a nacelle, a tuned mass damping member, and an inerter element. The tuned mass damping member and the inerter element are arranged inside the nacelle. It is characterized in that: the tuned mass damping member includes a TMD spring, a TMD mass block, and a TMD connecting rod from left to right; the inerter element is sequentially provided with an auxiliary flywheel, a ball nut, a limiting device, and a flywheel damping device penetrated by a ball screw from left to right; the TMD mass block is connected to the ball nut through the TMD connecting rod; the flywheel damping device is composed of an energy dissipation ring and flyweights, and the two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure has two states.

[0006] Further, the cross-section of the energy dissipation ring is circular. A particle chamber is arranged inside the circular ring of the energy dissipation ring. The particle chamber is filled with multiple energy dissipation particles. Flyweight baffles are arranged at symmetric positions on the inner ring of the energy dissipation ring.

[0007] Further, a flyweight ring is sleeved on the ball screw near one end of the flywheel damping device, and the flyweight ring rotates at the same angular velocity as the ball screw.

[0008] Further, the cross-section of the flyweight is "T"-shaped; two flyweight slots are symmetrically arranged on the flyweight ring, one side of the bottom ends of the two flyweights in "T"-shaped are respectively inserted into the flyweight slots, and the two wings of the two flyweights in "T"-shaped are connected by springs.

[0009] Further, a plurality of sub-particle cabins are arranged inside the circular ring of the energy dissipation ring. Slide rails are arranged at the upper and lower circumferential positions of the sub-particle cabins. Two energy dissipation particle baffles are arranged on both sides of each sub-particle cabin. Both the upper and lower sides of each energy dissipation particle baffle are connected to the slide rails of the sub-particle cabin through connecting pieces. The two energy dissipation particle baffles in the sub-particle cabin are connected by a low-stiffness spring. The energy dissipation particle baffle on the side close to the inner wall of the sub-particle cabin is connected to the inner wall of the sub-particle cabin through a high-stiffness spring. A plurality of particle energy dissipation channels are uniformly arranged on each energy dissipation particle baffle.

[0010] Further, one end of the TMD spring is welded to the engine room, and the other end is welded to the TMD mass block.

[0011] Further, the two-stage states of the two-stage tuned mass inertial damping device are respectively shown as follows: when the energy dissipation ring in the flywheel damping device is in a stationary state, it is in the first stage; when the rotational speed of the flyweight ring reaches a certain level, the centrifugal forces of the two flyweights increase, the two flyweights move outwards and block the flyweight baffle, thereby driving the energy dissipation ring to rotate, increasing the apparent mass of the inertial element, the energy dissipation particles consume energy synchronously, and further reducing the vibration of the fan. At this time, it presents the second stage; as the angular velocities of the energy dissipation ring and the flyweight decrease, the energy dissipation ring gradually stops, the centrifugal force of the flyweight decreases, and the second stage returns to the first stage.

[0012] Further, during the rotation of the energy dissipation ring, the energy dissipation particles collide with each other, the energy dissipation particles collide with the inner wall of the particle cabin, and the energy dissipation particles collide with each energy dissipation particle baffle, realizing the dissipation of vibration energy and increasing the damping.

[0013] Further, the shape of the particle energy dissipation channel is a regular four-pronged star.

[0014] Further, the design process of the shape of the particle energy dissipation channel is as follows: 1) Use SpaceClaim to set the initial geometric parameters of the energy dissipation particle baffle including the cross-sectional profile and the baffle spacing; 2) Establish a cross-sectional profile model of the particle channel of the energy dissipation particle baffle; 3) Use ANSYS Meshing to generate a structural surface mesh; 4) Determine the boundary conditions of the energy dissipation particle baffle; 5) Perform discrete element calculations through EDEM to extract the collision loads between the particles and the energy dissipation particle baffle; 6) Quantify the energy consumption of the energy-dissipating particles colliding with the energy-dissipating particle baffle in Python based on the coefficient of restitution method. The formula is as follows: , where Eloss is the energy loss of the system, e is the coefficient of restitution, m is the mass of the particle, and v is the velocity of the particle; 7) Use ANSYS to perform topology optimization on the channel cross-sectional shape, and determine whether the maximum energy consumption is reached. If the maximum energy consumption is reached, output the optimal channel cross-sectional shape parameters to determine the shape of the particle energy-consuming channel. If the maximum energy consumption is not reached, explore new shapes in the solution space through the pattern search algorithm, automatically modify the shape parameters, and return to step 2) to update the mesh and recalculate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1) In the present invention, a two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure for an offshore wind turbine is proposed, which can autonomously perform dynamic stability control of the wind turbine according to the changes in external loads. The tuned mass inerter damper presents a two-stage state. Under normal wind and wave load conditions, the two-stage tuned mass inerter damper is in the first stage, and the flywheel damping device is in the standby non-intervention state. When encountering extreme marine environments, when the rotational speed of the flyweight ring reaches a certain level, the control system automatically activates the flywheel damping device, and the tuned mass inerter damper switches to the second stage. While increasing the apparent mass of the inerter element, it triggers the non-Newtonian fluid effect of the damping particle medium for multi-modal energy dissipation to improve the vibration reduction effect.

[0016] 2) In the present invention, it is proposed to arrange two energy-dissipating particle baffles on both sides of each sub-particle chamber. The two energy-dissipating particle baffles in the sub-particle chamber are connected by a low-stiffness spring, and the energy-dissipating particle baffle on the side close to the inner wall of the sub-particle chamber is connected to the inner wall of the sub-particle chamber by a high-stiffness spring. Due to the connection of springs with different stiffnesses, a gradient energy dissipation field is formed to achieve the step-by-step absorption of vibration energy in different frequency bands. The energy-dissipating particles pass through the particle energy-consuming channels on the energy-dissipating particle baffles, and more friction and collisions are generated due to the change in flow velocity and extrusion, thereby further consuming the vibration energy, and finally forming a multi-gradient, multi-level, and multi-frequency band coupling energy dissipation mechanism to improve the vibration reduction effect.

[0017] 3) In the present invention, the design process of the shape of the particle energy-consuming channel is proposed. A particle channel cross-sectional profile model of the energy-dissipating particle baffle is established. Through discrete element calculation by EDEM, the collision load between the particles and the energy-dissipating particle baffle is extracted. The energy consumption of the energy-dissipating particles colliding with the energy-dissipating particle baffle is quantified based on the coefficient of restitution method. The optimal channel cross-sectional shape parameters are determined according to the energy consumption, thereby determining the shape of the particle energy-consuming channel, which is finally determined as a regular four-pronged star shape. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an offshore floating wind turbine; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an inertia element; Figure 3 It is a top view of the inertia element; Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the inertia element; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first state of a tuned mass inertia damper Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the second state of a tuned mass inertia damper Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the particle cabin of the inertia element; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of an energy-dissipating particle baffle; Figure 9 It is a flow chart of the topological optimization of the shape of the particle energy dissipation channel; Figure 10 It is an optimization curve graph of collision energy dissipation.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals 1. TMD spring; 2. TMD mass block; 3. TMD connecting rod; 4. nacelle; 5. ball screw; 6. flywheel damping device; 7. ball nut; 8. auxiliary flywheel; 9. limiting device; 10. energy-dissipating particles; 11. flyweight ring; 12. energy-dissipating ring; 13. flyweight baffle; 14. flyweight; 15. energy-dissipating particle baffle; 16. low-stiffness spring; 17. high-stiffness spring; 18. particle energy dissipation channel. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Such as Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a two-stage tuned mass inertial damper structure for an offshore wind turbine, which includes a nacelle 4, a tuned mass damper (TMD), and an inertial element. The tuned mass damper and the inertial element are arranged in the nacelle 4. The tuned mass damper includes a TMD spring 1, a TMD mass block 2, and a TMD connecting rod 3 from left to right; the inertial element includes an auxiliary flywheel 8 penetrated by a ball screw 5, a ball nut 7, a limiting device 9, and a flywheel damping device 6 from left to right; the TMD mass block 2 is connected to the ball nut 7 through the TMD connecting rod 3; one end of the TMD spring 1 is welded to the nacelle, and the other end is welded to the TMD mass block 2; the cross-section of the TMD mass block 2 is rectangular; the cross-section of the TMD connecting rod 3 is circular.

[0022] The tuned mass damper and the inertial element are located on the same horizontal plane; and the auxiliary flywheel 8 is gear-shaped; the cross-section of the ball nut 7 is rectangular, and a cylindrical hole is provided in the center thereof. The cross-sectional area of the hole is equal to the cross-sectional area of the ball screw 5, and the hole is surrounded by balls, so that the ball nut 7 can move left and right on the ball screw; the limiting device 9 is in a "cross" shape, and through cylindrical bolt holes are provided on the left and right sides thereof, and a cylindrical hole with a cross-sectional area equal to that of the ball screw is also provided in the center, and the hole is also surrounded by balls; the flywheel damping device 6 is composed of an energy dissipation ring 12 and a flyweight 14. The cross-section of the energy dissipation ring 12 is circular, and a particle chamber is arranged inside the ring of the energy dissipation ring 12. A plurality of energy dissipation particles are contained in the particle chamber, and flyweight baffles 13 are arranged at symmetric positions on the inner ring of the energy dissipation ring 12. A flyweight ring 11 is sleeved on one end of the ball screw 5 close to the flywheel damping device 6, and the flyweight ring 11 rotates at the same angular velocity as the ball screw 5.

[0023] As Figures 5 to 6 shown in the figure, the cross-section of the flyweight 14 is "T" shaped; two flyweight grooves are symmetrically arranged on the flyweight ring 11, and one side of the bottom end of the two "T" shaped flyweights is respectively inserted into the flyweight grooves, and the two wings of the two "T" shaped flyweights are connected by springs. In the static state, the length of the TMD spring 1 in the tuned mass damper is about half of the length of the nacelle.

[0024] The ball nut 7 can move left and right horizontally with the TMD mass block 2 on the ball screw 5. The bolt holes reserved on both sides of the limiting device 9 are fixed to the nacelle through bolts, so that the inertial damper cannot be displaced, improving the firmness of the inertial element.

[0025] Inside the ring of the energy-consuming ring 12, a plurality of sub-particle compartments are provided. Slide rails are arranged at the upper and lower circumferential positions of the sub-particle compartments. Two energy-consuming particle baffles 15 are arranged on both sides of each sub-particle compartment. Both the upper and lower sides of each energy-consuming particle baffle 15 are connected to the slide rails of the sub-particle compartment through connecting members. The two energy-consuming particle baffles 15 in the sub-particle compartment are connected by a low-stiffness spring 16. The energy-consuming particle baffle 15 close to the inner wall of the sub-particle compartment is connected to the inner wall of the sub-particle compartment through a high-stiffness spring 16. A plurality of particle energy-consuming channels 18 are evenly arranged on each energy-consuming particle baffle.

[0026] As Figures 7 to 8 As shown, inside the ring of the energy-consuming ring 12, a plurality of sub-particle compartments are provided. Slide rails are arranged at the upper and lower circumferential positions of the sub-particle compartments. Two energy-consuming particle baffles 15 are arranged on both sides of each sub-particle compartment. Both the upper and lower sides of each energy-consuming particle baffle 15 are connected to the slide rails of the sub-particle compartment through connecting members. The two energy-consuming particle baffles 15 in the sub-particle compartment are connected by a low-stiffness spring 16. The energy-consuming particle baffle 15 close to the inner wall of the sub-particle compartment is connected to the inner wall of the sub-particle compartment through a high-stiffness spring 16. A plurality of particle energy-consuming channels 18 are evenly arranged on each energy-consuming particle baffle. During the rotation of the energy-consuming ring 12, collisions occur between energy-consuming particles, between energy-consuming particles and the inner wall of the particle compartment, and between energy-consuming particles and each energy-consuming particle baffle 15. The collisions between energy-consuming particles and each energy-consuming particle baffle 15 can force the energy-consuming particles to change their movement paths, thereby increasing the collision frequency and friction. Also, since the two energy-consuming particle baffles 15 in the sub-particle compartment are connected by a low-stiffness spring 16, and the energy-consuming particle baffle 15 close to the inner wall of the sub-particle compartment is connected to the inner wall of the sub-particle compartment through a high-stiffness spring 16, due to the connection of springs with different stiffnesses, a gradient energy-consuming field is formed, enabling the step-by-step absorption of vibration energy at different frequency bands. In addition, the energy-consuming particles pass through the particle energy-consuming channels on the energy-consuming particle baffle 15, generating more friction and collisions due to flow velocity changes and extrusion, further consuming the vibration energy, and finally forming a multi-gradient, multi-level, and multi-frequency band coupled energy-consuming mechanism.

[0027] As Figures 5 to 6As shown, the two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure has two states. Among them, the two states of the two-stage tuned mass inerter damper structure are respectively manifested as follows: when the energy dissipation ring 12 in the flywheel damper device 6 is in a stationary state, it is in the first state; when the rotational speed of the flyweight ring 11 reaches a certain level, the centrifugal forces of the two flyweights 14 increase, and the two flyweights 14 move outward to catch the flyweight baffle 13, thereby driving the energy dissipation ring 12 to rotate, increasing the apparent mass of the inerter element, and the energy dissipation particles consume energy synchronously, further reducing the vibration of the fan. At this time, it presents the second state; as the angular velocities of the energy dissipation ring 12 and the flyweights 14 decrease, the energy dissipation ring gradually stops, and the centrifugal forces of the flyweights 14 decrease, and the second state returns to the first state. The control system can autonomously perform dynamic stability control of the fan according to the changes in external loads. That is, under the conditions of conventional wind and wave loads, the two-stage tuned mass inerter damper is in the first state, and the flywheel damper device is in the standby non-intervention state; when encountering extreme marine environments, when the rotational speed of the flyweight ring reaches a certain level, the control system automatically activates the flywheel damper device, and the tuned mass inerter damper cuts into the second state. While increasing the apparent mass of the inerter element, it triggers the non-Newtonian fluid effect of the damping particle medium for multi-modal energy dissipation, improving the vibration reduction effect.

[0028] For the determination steps of the shape of the particle energy dissipation channel 18, as Figures 9 to 10 shown: The design process of the shape of the particle energy dissipation channel lies in: 1) Use SpaceClaim to set the initial geometric parameters of the energy dissipation particle baffle, including the cross-sectional profile and the baffle spacing; 2) Establish a cross-sectional profile model of the particle channel of the energy dissipation particle baffle; 3) Use ANSYS Meshing to generate a structural surface mesh; 4) Determine the boundary conditions of the energy dissipation particle baffle; 5) Perform discrete element calculations through EDEM to extract the collision loads between the particles and the energy dissipation particle baffle; 6) Quantify the collision energy dissipation between the energy dissipation particles and the energy dissipation particle baffle in Python based on the restitution coefficient method. The formula is as follows: , where Eloss is the energy loss of the system, e is the restitution coefficient, m is the particle mass, and v is the particle movement speed; 7) Use ANSYS to perform topology optimization of the channel cross-sectional shape to determine whether the maximum energy consumption is reached; if the maximum energy consumption is reached, output the optimal channel cross-sectional shape parameters to determine the shape of the particle energy dissipation channel; if the maximum energy consumption is not reached, explore a new shape in the solution space through the pattern search algorithm and automatically modify the shape parameters, and return to step 2) to update the mesh and recalculate.

[0029] Finally, it is determined through the above steps that the shape of the particle energy-consuming channel 18 is a regular four-pronged star shape, and the channel shape will change according to parameters such as the shape, size, baffle thickness, and material of the particles.

[0030] In this specification, for the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiments described later, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant parts, reference can be made to the partial description of the foregoing embodiments.

[0031] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A two - stage tuned mass - inerter damper structure for an offshore wind turbine, comprising a nacelle (4), a tuned mass damper (TMD) and an inerter element. The tuned mass damper and the inerter element are arranged inside the nacelle (4), and it is characterized in that: The tuning mass damper includes a TMD spring (1), a TMD mass (2), and a TMD connecting rod (3) from left to right; the inertance element is provided with an auxiliary flywheel (8) penetrated by a ball screw (5), a ball nut (7), a limiting device (9), and a flywheel damping device (6) from left to right; the TMD mass (2) is connected to the ball nut (7) through the TMD connecting rod (3); the flywheel damping device (6) consists of an energy dissipation ring (12) and flyweights (14), and the two-stage tuning mass inertance damper structure has two states.

2. The structure of a two-stage tuned mass inertial damper for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the energy dissipation ring (12) is circular. A particle chamber is arranged inside the ring of the energy dissipation ring (12). The particle chamber is filled with multiple energy dissipation particles. Flyweight baffles (13) are arranged at symmetric positions on the inner ring of the energy dissipation ring (12).

3. The structure of a two-stage tuned mass inertial damper for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A flyweight ring (11) is sleeved on one end of the ball screw (5) close to the flywheel damping device (6). The flyweight ring (11) rotates with the same angular velocity as the ball screw (5).

4. A two-stage tuned mass inertial damper structure for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-section of the flyweight (14) is "T"-shaped; two flyweight grooves are symmetrically arranged on the flyweight ring (11). One side of the bottom ends of the two "T"-shaped flyweights is respectively inserted into the flyweight grooves, and the two wings of the two "T"-shaped flyweights are connected by springs.

5. A two-stage tuned mass inertial damper structure for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 4, characterized in that: Multiple sub-particle chambers are arranged inside the ring of the energy dissipation ring (12). Slide rails are arranged at the upper and lower circumferential positions of the sub-particle chambers. Two energy dissipation particle baffles (15) are arranged on both sides of each sub-particle chamber. The upper and lower sides of each energy dissipation particle baffle (15) are connected to the slide rails of the sub-particle chamber through connectors. The two energy dissipation particle baffles (15) in the sub-particle chamber are connected by a low-stiffness spring (16). The energy dissipation particle baffle (15) close to the inner wall of the sub-particle chamber is connected to the inner wall of the sub-particle chamber through a high-stiffness spring (16). Multiple particle energy dissipation channels (18) are evenly arranged on each energy dissipation particle baffle.

6. The structure of a two-stage tuned mass inertial damper for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the TMD spring (1) is welded to the engine room, and the other end is welded to the TMD mass (2).

7. A two - stage tuned mass inertia - capacitance damper structure for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two states of the two-stage tuning mass inertance damper structure are respectively manifested as follows: when the energy dissipation ring (12) in the flywheel damping device (6) is in a stationary state, it is in the first state; when the rotational speed of the flyweight ring (11) reaches a certain level, the centrifugal forces of the two flyweights (14) increase, and the two flyweights (14) move outwards to catch the flyweight baffles (13), thereby driving the energy dissipation ring (12) to rotate, increasing the apparent mass of the inertance element, and the energy dissipation particles consume energy synchronously, further reducing the vibration of the fan. At this time, it presents the second state; as the angular velocities of the energy dissipation ring (12) and the flyweights (14) decrease, the energy dissipation ring gradually stops, the centrifugal force of the flyweights (14) decreases, and the second state returns to the first state.

8. A two-stage tuned mass inertial damper structure for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 7, characterized in that: During the rotation of the energy dissipation ring (12), the energy dissipation particles collide with each other, the energy dissipation particles collide with the inner wall of the particle chamber, and the energy dissipation particles collide with each energy dissipation particle baffle (15), realizing the dissipation of vibration energy and increasing the damping.

9. A two-stage tuned mass inertial capacitance damper structure for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The shape of the particle energy dissipation channel is a regular four-pronged star.

10. A two-stage tuned mass inertia-damping device structure for an offshore wind turbine according to claim 9, characterized in that: The design process of the shape of the particle energy dissipation channel is as follows: 1) Use SpaceClaim to set the initial geometric parameters of the energy-consuming particle baffle, including the cross-sectional profile and the baffle spacing; 2) Establish a cross-sectional profile model of the particle channel of the energy-consuming particle baffle; 3) Use ANSYS Meshing to generate the structural surface mesh; 4) Determine the boundary conditions of the energy-consuming particle baffle; 5) Perform discrete element calculations through EDEM to extract the collision load between the particles and the energy-consuming particle baffle; 6) Quantify the energy consumption during the collision between the energy-consuming particles and the energy-consuming particle baffle in Python based on the coefficient of restitution method. The formula is as follows: , where Eloss is the system energy loss, e is the restitution coefficient, m is the particle mass, and v is the particle velocity; 7) Use ANSYS to perform topology optimization of the channel cross-sectional shape and determine whether the maximum energy consumption is reached. If the maximum energy consumption is reached, output the optimal channel cross-sectional shape parameters to determine the shape of the particle energy-consuming channel. If the maximum energy consumption is not reached, explore new shapes in the solution space through the pattern search algorithm, automatically modify the shape parameters, and return to step 2) to update the mesh and recalculate.

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