Photomechanical analysis device for determining particulate matter in measurement gas

Abstract

A photomechanical analysis device (1) for determining particles (2) in a measurement gas (3) comprises a first light source (4a), a measurement chamber (7), a plurality of detectors (8), a control device (9), an optical reference measurement element (10) and a displacement unit (11). The first light of the first light source (4a) can be coupled into the measurement chamber (7). The detector (8) is configured to receive scattered light generated when the first light is incident on the particulate matter (2) and to generate scattered light measurement data and to transmit said data to the control device (9). The displacement unit (11) is configured to displace the optical reference measuring element (10) from the parking position into a reference measuring position, the first light being radiable into the optical reference measuring element (10) in the reference measuring position. The detector (8) is configured to receive scattered light from the optical reference measurement element (10) in the reference measurement position and to generate reference measurement data and to transmit said data to the control device (9).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a photomechanical analysis device for determining particulate matter in a measurement gas, wherein the accuracy of the determination can be continuously checked. Background Art

[0002] Particulate matter is understood to be the smallest particles with a size (aerodynamic diameter) less than 10 μm.

[0003] Particulate matter is characterized by PM 10 、PM 2.5 and PM1. The dust fraction designated as particulate matter PM 10 almost exclusively contains particles with a diameter < 10 μm. The dust fraction designated as particulate matter PM 2.5 almost exclusively contains particles with a diameter < 2.5 μm. Therefore, PM 2.5 is a subset of PM 10 . PM1 is understood similarly to PM 2.5 or PM 10 .

[0004] Particulate matter is particularly critical for public health because especially the smallest particles (< 1 μm) can penetrate deep into the lungs and even enter the bloodstream. This can lead to various health problems, including respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and lung cancer. Therefore, the monitoring and reduction of particulate matter emissions are an important part of environmental policy and health protection. Due to the continuous improvement of the filtration systems of emission devices (such as coal-fired power plants), the concentration has decreased, while the permitted emission limits have become more stringent at the same time, so the requirements for determining particulate matter are constantly increasing.

[0005] The particulate matter contained in the measurement gas can be detected using an appropriate analysis device. The problem is that the measurement gas sometimes has a high temperature, so the appropriate analysis device must be maintained and checked regularly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an analysis device for determining particulate matter, which can easily check its correct function.

[0007] This object is met by the photomechanical analysis device according to claim 1. Advantageous further improvements or embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0008] The optomechanical analysis device according to the present invention is used to determine particulate matter in a measurement gas. The optomechanical analysis device includes: at least one first light source; a measurement chamber having an inlet and an outlet; a plurality of detectors; a control device; an optical reference measurement element; and a displacement unit. The measurement gas carrying particulate matter can be supplied to the measurement chamber via the inlet and discharged via the outlet. At least one first light source is configured to generate first light having a first wavelength. The first light can be coupled into the measurement chamber, where the first light can interact with the measurement gas. The plurality of detectors are arranged at intervals from each other at the measurement chamber and are configured to receive scattered light generated when the first light is incident on the particulate matter. The detectors are also configured to generate scattered light measurement data and transmit the data to the control device. This transmission can be carried out by means of an analog signal (such as an analog voltage or an analog current) or by means of a digital signal. In addition, the displacement unit is configured to displace (i.e., move) the optical reference measurement element in the measurement chamber from a parked position to a reference measurement position, where the first light can be radiated onto the optical reference measurement element in the reference measurement position, and where the plurality of detectors are configured to receive scattered light from the optical reference measurement element in the reference measurement position in order to generate reference measurement data and transmit the data to the control device.

[0009] According to the present invention, it is advantageous to use an optical reference measurement element which can preferably be mechanically moved, in particular from outside the measurement chamber, into the measurement chamber and thus into the light beam of the first light. Thereby, it is possible to check at regular time intervals whether the results of the detectors for the measurement of the reference measurement element change over time. If the results of the detectors change, i.e., the reference measurement data changes, this indicates a malfunction of the optomechanical analysis device or a significant deterioration in measurement accuracy. This is because the optical reference measurement element retains its physical properties, such that a change in the reference measurement data over time indicates a change in the detectors or the measurement setup.

[0010] For the actual measurement of particulate matter in the measurement gas, the optomechanical analysis device can generally be operated in a normal operation mode. In this normal operation mode, the displacement unit is controlled by the control device such that the optical reference measurement element is in the parked position. In the parked position, the optical reference measurement element is preferably located outside the measurement chamber. In this operation mode, the measurement gas to be analyzed can be introduced into the measurement chamber, where the plurality of detectors are configured to generate corresponding scattered light measurement data and transmit the data to the control device. On the other hand, the optomechanical analysis device can also be operated in an inspection mode. In the inspection mode, the displacement unit is controlled by the control device such that the optical reference measurement element is in the reference measurement position. In this operation mode, at least one first light is coupled into the optical reference measurement element such that the plurality of detectors receive scattered light from the optical reference measurement element and generate reference measurement data, and transmit the data to the control device.

[0011] In a further advantageous embodiment, the optomechanical analysis device further comprises a second light source and / or a third light source. The second light source is configured to generate a second light having a second wavelength. The third light source is configured to generate a third light having a third wavelength. The first wavelength, the second wavelength and the third wavelength are selected differently. By means of at least one corresponding mirror, preferably a movable mirror, the light beams of the first light, the second light and the third light are brought onto a common optical axis such that all the light can be coupled into the measurement chamber at the same location and thus impinge on the optical reference measurement element.

[0012] In a further advantageous embodiment, the wavelength of the first light is 600 to 650 nm. The wavelength of the second light is 900 to 950 nm. The wavelength of the third light is 400 to 450 nm.

[0013] In a further advantageous embodiment, there is also a light absorption device which is configured to absorb the light coupled into the measurement chamber. A first detector in the detector is arranged directly adjacent to the light absorption device between 0° and 6° and is in particular configured to detect forward-scattered light. A second detector is arranged at a second scattering angle of 28°. A third detector is arranged at a third scattering angle of 61°. A fourth detector is arranged at a fourth scattering angle of 96°. A fifth detector is arranged at a fifth scattering angle of 128°. A sixth detector is arranged at a sixth scattering angle of 155°. The detectors can thus detect the scattered light at the respective angles.

[0014] In a further advantageous embodiment, the displacement unit is configured to displace the optical reference measurement element along a curved movement path from a parked position to a reference measurement position. The optical reference measurement element preferably moves not only along one axis but also along two axes.

[0015] In a further advantageous embodiment, the optical reference measurement element is further away from the entrance of the measurement chamber in the parked position than in the reference measurement position.

[0016] In a further advantageous embodiment, the displacement unit is configured to additionally rotate the optical reference measurement element by approximately or precisely 90° between the parked position and the reference measurement position, the rotation preferably being carried out at an angle of approximately 60° to 120°. The optical reference measurement element is preferably arranged close to the side wall in the parked position and is folded into the measurement chamber to occupy the reference measurement position.

[0017] In a further advantageous embodiment, the displacement unit comprises a multi-joint mechanism having (preferably at least) one multi-joint connection, a drive motor and a drive shaft, wherein the drive motor is rotationally coupled to the drive shaft. If the drive motor rotates, the drive shaft also rotates. The drive motor is preferably an electric motor, in particular a DC motor. The first end of the multi-joint connection is rotationally coupled to the drive shaft. The optical reference measurement element is arranged at the second end of the multi-joint connection, in particular screwed and / or glued and / or pressed onto this end. A rotational movement of the drive motor in a first direction causes at least one multi-joint connection to extend and causes the optical reference measurement element to move from the parked position to the reference measurement position. On the other hand, a rotational movement of the drive motor in a second direction opposite to the first direction causes at least one multi-joint connection to retract and causes the optical reference measurement element to move from the reference measurement position to the parked position. It is particularly advantageous to use a multi-joint connection because a bending movement path of the optical reference measurement element can be achieved particularly efficiently via the multi-joint connection.

[0018] In a further advantageous embodiment, the displacement unit comprises a detection unit, in particular in the form of a position detection, such as a light barrier. The detection unit is configured to detect whether the optical reference measurement element has reached the parked position or the reference measurement position. The detection unit is also configured to output a corresponding detection signal to the control device and / or the drive motor when the optical reference measurement element has reached the parked position or the reference measurement position in order to stop the drive motor.

[0019] In a further advantageous embodiment, the detection unit is configured in the form of a position detection, such as a light barrier, to identify various markings formed in particular on the drive shaft. A first marking indicates the arrival at the parked position and a second marking indicates the arrival at the reference measurement position. For example, the marking can be a protrusion protruding from the drive shaft at a specific angular position.

[0020] In a further advantageous embodiment, a self-locking gear, in particular in the form of a worm gear, is also arranged between the drive motor and the drive shaft. This ensures that when the drive motor is switched off, the optical reference measurement element remains in its parked position or its reference measurement position. The optical reference measurement element is not pushed back from its reference measurement position to its parked position due to external influences (e.g. not due to an increased pressure of the measuring gas).

[0021] In a further advantageous embodiment, the optical reference measurement element is in optical contact only in the reference measurement position and not in the parked position.

[0022] In a further advantageous embodiment, the opto-mechanical analysis device comprises a protective housing defining an accommodation space, wherein the optical reference measurement element is arranged in the accommodation space during the parked position. The optical reference measurement element is protected from the measuring gas by this protective housing.

[0023] In a further advantageous embodiment, the protective housing is arranged outside the measurement chamber.

[0024] In a further advantageous embodiment, an overpressure unit is provided, which is configured to generate an increased air pressure in the accommodation space of the protective housing compared to the ambient pressure. Thereby, it is achieved that measurement gas not including particulate matter can enter the protection space and contaminate the optical reference measurement element.

[0025] In a further advantageous embodiment, the optomechanical analysis device has a closing cover arranged at the optical reference measurement element, wherein the closing cover closes the entrance of the measurement chamber in the reference measurement position. Thereby, it is ensured that the measurement space is not contaminated by any measurement gas in the inspection mode, or the optical reference measurement element is not damaged by the hot measurement gas.

[0026] In a further advantageous embodiment, once the optical reference measurement element is moved from the parked position to the reference measurement position and back, the closing cover also moves along a curved movement path.

[0027] In a further advantageous embodiment, the closing cover moves simultaneously with the optical reference measurement element.

[0028] In a further advantageous embodiment, the distance between the closing cover and the optical reference measurement element is always the same and thus constant.

[0029] In a further advantageous embodiment, the closing cover is also moved by a displacement unit.

[0030] In a further advantageous embodiment, the protective housing includes an opening through which the optical reference measurement element can be moved out of and into the accommodation space, wherein a closing cover or a further closing cover is provided, which closes the opening of the protective housing in the parked position of the optical reference measurement element. Particularly advantageously, the opening of the protective housing is closed in the parked position of the optical reference measurement element. Thereby, it is achieved that no measurement gas enters the protection space and contaminates the optical reference measurement element there. Furthermore, particularly advantageously, in the reference measurement position of the optical reference measurement element, the same closing cover also seals the entrance of the measurement chamber, since the corresponding sealing of the protection space and the measurement chamber can be simply achieved by the curved movement path of the optical reference measurement element and the closing cover, and no additional drive is required for this purpose.

[0031] In an advantageous embodiment, the closing cover has a circular cross-section.

[0032] In an advantageous embodiment, a cleaning unit is provided and configured to apply purge air, in particular filtered purge air, to the optical reference measurement element at a reference measurement position. Thereby preventing the optical reference measurement element from being contaminated by the measurement gas or residues of the measurement gas. The cleaning unit may comprise or be formed by an overpressure unit.

[0033] In an advantageous embodiment, an optical damping element is provided, in particular in the form of a neutral density glass (or also a neutral density filter), and configured to damp the first light before it enters the optical reference measurement element in its reference measurement position. The optical damping element is directly attached to the optical reference measurement element or in a filter wheel outside the measurement chamber, which is irradiated by at least one first light. The use of such an optical damping element is particularly advantageous because at least one first light is scattered significantly more strongly at the optical reference measurement element without the neutral density glass than at the particulate matter contained in the measurement gas. Such an optical damping element prevents the detector from seeing too much scattered light and being damaged, or from only outputting the maximum value of brightness ("overloading"). The optical damping element is particularly configured to allow only 0.1% of at least one first light to pass through, i.e., to reduce the optical power by approximately 1000 times. Such damping particularly occurs in the visible spectral range.

[0034] In an advantageous embodiment, the damping element is adhesively bonded and / or screwed to the optical reference measurement element.

[0035] In an advantageous embodiment, the optical reference measurement element is formed of or includes a glass-ceramic medium. The optical reference measurement element is preferably made of glass-ceramics which is very homogeneous and has a very low thermal expansion. Thereby enabling scattered light to be formed reproducibly in the inspection mode.

[0036] In an advantageous embodiment, the first light has a beam diameter of at least 2 mm before it enters the optical reference measurement element in the reference measurement position. In this regard, the beam of at least one first light can be expanded via at least one corresponding optical device, in particular a lens. Thereby reducing or eliminating fluctuations in the scattered light at the detector due to possible inhomogeneities in the optical reference measurement element.

[0037] In an advantageous embodiment, the control device is configured to control the displacement unit such that the displacement unit pivots the optical reference measurement element from a parked position to a reference measurement position at regular time intervals, wherein the control device is further configured to compare the reference measurement data generated at different time points with each other and, in the case of a deviation being higher than a threshold, locally output a signal and / or output a signal to a higher-level control device. The signal can be locally output, for example, via an alarm. The alarm can be an optical and / or acoustic alarm. The control device preferably compares the reference measurement data recorded on different days or months with each other. If there is a deviation higher than the threshold, a technician can perform an inspection of the optomechanical analysis device.

[0038] In an advantageous embodiment, the pipeline system for conveying the measurement gas carrying particulate matter in the direction of the entrance of the measurement chamber includes a taper in cross-section, in particular in diameter. The taper only extends over a certain length. Before and after the taper, the cross-section is again larger than the cross-section in the taper region. Description of the Drawings

[0039] The present invention will be described below only by way of example with reference to the drawings. Shown are:

[0040] Figure 1 An example embodiment of an optomechanical analysis device according to the present invention, into which the measurement gas carrying particulate matter is introduced into its measurement chamber;

[0041] Figure 2 An example embodiment of an optomechanical analysis device according to the present invention, in which the optical reference measurement element is pivoted into its measurement chamber;

[0042] Figure 3 An example embodiment of an optomechanical analysis device according to the present invention, which describes the damping of the light coupled into the optical reference measurement element;

[0043] Figure 4 Various representations of the optical reference measurement element are shown;

[0044] Figure 5 An exemplary course of the reference measurement data recorded by the respective detectors over a certain period of time is shown;

[0045] Figure 6 A cross-section of an optomechanical analysis device according to the present invention is shown, which describes the path of the measurement gas and the position of the optical reference measurement element;

[0046] Figure 7 A spatial representation of a part of the optomechanical analysis device is shown;

[0047] Figure 8 A spatial representation of a part of the optomechanical analysis device is shown; and

[0048] Figure 9 Shows a spatial representation of a part of a optomechanical analysis device to describe a displacement unit. Detailed implementation

[0049] Figure 1 Shows an example of an embodiment of an optomechanical analysis device 1 for determining particulate matter 2 in a measurement gas 3. In this case, the optomechanical analysis device 1 includes a first light source 4a, a second light source 4b, and a third light source 4c. The first light source 4a is configured to generate and transmit light having a first wavelength. The second light source 4b is configured to generate and transmit light having a second wavelength. The third light source 4c is configured to generate and transmit light having a third wavelength. The light beams of the first light source 4a, the second light source 4b, and the third light source 4c are bundled into a common light beam via corresponding mirrors 5. At least one light beam or a plurality of light beams can be widened to a certain width via an optical device 6. Each light beam particularly has a width preferably greater than 2 mm. The optical device 6 can also be directly integrated in the first light source 4a, the second light source 4b, and the third light source 4c.

[0050] In addition, the optomechanical analysis device 1 includes a measurement chamber 7 having an inlet 7a and an outlet 7b. The measurement gas 3 can be supplied to the measurement chamber 7 via the inlet 7a, and the measurement gas 3 can be discharged from the measurement chamber 7 via the outlet 7b.

[0051] In addition, a plurality of detectors 8 are provided, which are arranged at intervals from each other at the measurement chamber 7, that is, at a certain angular distance from each other, and are configured to receive scattered light generated when light is incident on the particulate matter 2.

[0052] The measurement chamber 7 preferably includes or is made of metal. The measurement surface 7 has different openings. The detectors 8 are preferably arranged in these openings. The gaps at the openings are preferably sealed in an airtight manner. Additionally, an entrance opening is used to couple in the light of at least one first light source 4a. Preferably, there is also an exit opening through which the coupled-in light is guided out of the measurement chamber 7 again and particularly guided out into an optical reservoir. Such an optical reservoir has the property of practically no longer reflecting any part of the light. The optical reservoir can also be referred to as an optical trap.

[0053] The optical cell can also be referred to as a light absorption device. The light absorption device is arranged at 0°. The first detector 81 in the detector 8 is arranged to be directly adjacent to the light absorption device between 0° and 6°, and is particularly configured to detect forward-scattered light. The second detector 82 is arranged at a second scattering angle of 28°. The third detector 83 is arranged at a third scattering angle of 61°. The fourth detector 84 is arranged at a fourth scattering angle of 96°. The fifth detector 85 is arranged at a fifth scattering angle of 128°. The sixth detector 86 is arranged at a sixth scattering angle of 155°. The detector 8 can thus detect scattered light at the corresponding angles.

[0054] The measurement chamber 7 preferably has a circular cross-section and is further preferably designed as a hollow cylinder. In this regard, the measurement chamber 7 defines a gas accommodation space into which the measurement gas 3 is introduced.

[0055] The detector 8 is preferably arranged at the outer wall of the measurement chamber 7. The detector 18 is preferably arranged in the same plane. The beam of at least one first light source 4a preferably also extends in this plane.

[0056] In addition, the optomechanical analysis device 1 further includes a control device 9. The detector 8 is configured to receive scattered light and generate scattered light measurement data according to the brightness, and transmit these scattered light measurement data to the control device 9. This all occurs in the normal operating mode of the optomechanical analysis device 1. The control device 9 can also be configured to transmit the scattered light measurement data to a higher-level control device which can also be referred to as a guiding device.

[0057] Figure 2 An exemplary additional embodiment of the optomechanical analysis device 1 according to the present invention is shown. The optomechanical analysis device 1 includes an optical reference measurement element 10 and a displacement unit 11 (see Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 ). The displacement unit 11 is configured to displace the optical reference measurement element 10 from a parked position to a reference measurement position, where first light can be radiated into the optical reference measurement element 10 in the reference measurement position, and where a plurality of detectors 8 are configured to receive scattered light from the optical reference measurement element 10 in the reference measurement position, generate reference measurement data and transmit the data to the control device 9. Figure 2 The optical reference measurement element 10 in its reference measurement position is shown, while the optical reference measurement element 10 is in its parked position in Figure 1 and is thus not shown.

[0058] The optical reference measurement element 10 is formed of or includes a glass-ceramic medium, and in particular glass-ceramics.

[0059] Figure 3An exemplary further embodiment of the optomechanical analysis device 1 is shown. It is also explained that an optical damping element 12 is provided and is configured to damp the first light before it enters the optical reference measurement element 10 in its reference measurement position, wherein the optical damping element 12 is arranged in a filter wheel 13 that is traversed by the first light and is outside the measurement chamber 7. This takes into account the situation where in the measurement gas 3 carrying particulate matter 2, more light is scattered in the optical reference measurement element 10 in the inspection mode than in the normal operation mode. Thus, the detector 8 does not transmit the maximum possible brightness value to the control device 9 or is not damaged.

[0060] Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of the optical reference measurement element 10 is shown. The left - hand representation shows a view of the upper or lower side of the optical reference measurement element 10. The optical reference measurement element 10 is n - angled, where n≥5. The optical reference measurement element 10 preferably includes as many angles or angled edges as the detector 8. The right - hand representation shows a view of one side of the optical reference measurement element 10. The length of the optical reference measurement element 10 is greater than its thickness. It is also shown that the optical damping element 12 is connected to, in particular glued to, one side of the optical reference measurement element 10. At least one first light from the first light source 4a is radiated into the optical reference measurement element 10 via the optical damping element 12.

[0061] Figure 5 Various reference measurement data recorded by different detectors 8 at different time points are shown. Time is plotted on the abscissa and the detector power coordinates. Different detectors 8 generate various measurement value curves with reference measurement data. For example, the displacement unit 11 is configured to move the optical reference measurement element 10 from the parked position to the reference measurement position at regular time intervals. In the reference measurement position, the light of at least one first light source 4a is coupled into the optical reference measurement element 10 such that a plurality of detectors 8 are configured to measure the scattered light from the optical reference measurement element 10 and generate corresponding reference measurement data. It can be seen that there are jumps in the reference measurement data that indicate an anomaly in the optomechanical analysis device 1.

[0062] Figure 6 A cross - section of the optomechanical analysis device 1 according to the invention is shown, which depicts the path of the measurement gas 3 and the position of the optical reference measurement element 10. The measurement gas 3 carrying particulate matter 2 is supplied to the measurement chamber 7 via a sampling line 16. The sampling line 16 includes a tapered portion 17 of the cross - section. The tapered portion 17 extends only over a certain length such that the cross - sections before and after the tapered portion 17 are larger than the cross - section in the region of the tapered portion 17. A measurement tube 18 abuts the outlet 7b of the measurement chamber 7.

[0063] In Figure 6In this case, the optical reference measurement element 10 is located in the measurement chamber 7 and is thus in its reference measurement position. The optical reference measurement element 10 is connected to the multi-joint mechanism 19.

[0064] The displacement unit 11 includes the multi-joint mechanism 19, a drive motor 20, and a drive shaft 21 (see Figure 9 ). Furthermore, a closing cover 22 is provided, which is arranged at the multi-joint mechanism 19 and / or at the optical reference measurement element 10, and in Figure 6 the reference measurement position shown, closes the inlet 7a of the measurement chamber 7, in particular in an almost airtight manner. Thereby, in the inspection mode, the measurement gas 3 carrying the particulate matter 2 is prevented from flowing into the measurement chamber 7, and in particular the optical reference measurement element 10 is prevented from being contaminated.

[0065] The displacement unit 11 is configured to displace the optical reference measurement element 10 along a curved movement path 23 from a parked position to the reference measurement position and back. The curved movement path 23 is shown by a dashed line in Figure 6 . The displacement unit 11 is configured to rotate the optical reference measurement element 10 by approximately 90° between the parked position and the reference measurement position.

[0066] Figure 6 Also shown in Figure 7 is a protective housing 24 that defines an accommodation space 25 (see Figure 7 ). In the parked position, the optical reference measurement element 10 is located in the accommodation space 25 within the protective housing 24. This situation is shown in

[0067] Figure 7 shows an enlarged representation of a part of the optomechanical analysis device 1. The measurement chamber 7 is omitted here. The optical reference measurement element 10 is displaced from the accommodation space 25 of the protective housing 24 along the movement path 23 and, in this case, passes through the measurement tube 18 in the direction of the inlet 7a of the measurement chamber 7. At the same time, the closing cover 22 is also displaced in the direction of the inlet 7a of the measurement chamber 7. The closing cover 22 includes at least one seal, preferably two peripheral seals 26. In the reference measurement position, the closing cover 22 is configured to close the inlet 7a of the measurement chamber 7, preferably in an airtight manner. In the parked position, the same closing cover 22 is configured to close an opening in the protective housing 24 through which the optical reference measurement element 10 can protrude from the accommodation space 25, in particular into the measurement tube 18. The closing cover 22 also closes this opening, in particular in an almost airtight manner.

[0068] Figure 8 and Figure 9Shows a further representation of the optomechanical analysis device 1 and specifically explains the operating mode of the displacement unit 11 and, in particular, the operating mode of the multi-joint mechanism 19 in this regard. In this case, the multi-joint mechanism 19 is retracted, which means that the optical reference measurement element 10 is in the parked position.

[0069] The drive motor 20 is connected to the drive shaft 21 via a gear 28. The gear 28 is preferably a self-locking gear.

[0070] The multi-joint mechanism 19 includes a first multi-joint connector 27a and a second multi-joint connector 27b. The first multi-joint connector 27a is rotatably coupled to the drive shaft 21 using a first end. When the drive shaft 21 rotates, the first end of the first multi-joint connector 27a also rotates. The second end of the first multi-joint connector 27a is connected to the optical reference measurement element 10. The second multi-joint connector 27b can be rotatably coupled to the drive shaft 21 with its first end or can be rotatably arranged on a fixed part of the multi-joint mechanism 19 or the protective housing 24. In this case, the force for extending the multi-joint mechanism 19 will be transmitted only via the first multi-joint connector 27a. The second end of the second multi-joint connector 27b is in turn connected to the optical reference measurement element 10. The optical reference measurement element 10 can be connected to the multi-joint mechanism 19 via a threaded connection and / or a clamping connection and / or an adhesive connection.

[0071] Both the first multi-joint connector 27a and the second multi-joint connector 27b include a plurality of arms connected to each other (in series) via joints.

[0072] In particular, via the connection of the first multi-joint connector 27a to the drive shaft 21 and the interaction with additional pivot points of the entire multi-joint mechanism, the optical reference measurement element 10 can follow a curved movement path 23. The second end of the first multi-joint connector 27a and the second end of the second multi-joint connector 27b preferably join at different points at the optical reference measurement element 10.

[0073] The closure cover 22 is not shown in Figure 9 is not shown.

[0074] In addition, the displacement unit 11 includes a detection unit 29 in the form of a light shield, in particular, which is configured to detect whether the optical reference measurement element 10 has reached the parked position or the reference measurement position. The detection unit 29 is configured to output a corresponding detection signal to the control device 9 and / or the drive motor 20 in order to stop the drive motor 20.

[0075] The detection unit 29 in the form of a light shield is configured to identify various marks 30, 31 formed particularly on the drive shaft 21. The first mark 30 indicates the arrival at the parking position, and the second mark 31 indicates again the arrival at the reference measurement position. For example, the marks 30, 31 can be protrusions protruding from the drive shaft 21 at specific angular positions.

[0076] The invention is not limited to the described example embodiments. Within the scope of the invention, all described and / or drawn features can be combined with each other in any desired way.

[0077] List of reference numerals

[0078] Optomechanical analysis device 1

[0079] Particulate matter 2

[0080] Measurement gas 3

[0081] First light source 4a

[0082] Second light source 4b

[0083] Third light source 4c

[0084] Mirror 5

[0085] Optics 6

[0086] Measurement chamber 7

[0087] Inlet (measurement chamber) 7a

[0088] Outlet (measurement chamber) 7b

[0089] Detectors 8, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86

[0090] Control device 9

[0091] Optical reference measurement element 10

[0092] Displacement unit 11

[0093] Optical damping element 12

[0094] Filter wheel 13

[0095] Sampling line 16

[0096] Taper 17

[0097] Measurement tube 18

[0098] Multi-joint mechanism 19

[0099] Drive motor 20

[0100] Drive shaft 21

[0101] Closed cover 22

[0102] Curved movement path 23

[0103] Protective housing 24

[0104] Receiving space 25

[0105] One or more peripheral seals 26

[0106] First multi-joint connector 27a

[0107] Second multi-joint connector 27b

[0108] Gear 28

[0109] Detection unit 29

[0110] First mark 30

[0111] Second mark 31

Claims

1. A photomechanical analysis device for determining particulate matter in a measurement gas, wherein, The optomechanical analysis device includes: at least one first light source; a measurement chamber having an inlet and an outlet; a plurality of detectors; a control device; an optical reference measurement element; and a displacement unit, wherein, the measurement gas carrying particulate matter can be supplied to the measurement chamber via the inlet and discharged via the outlet, wherein, the at least one first light source is configured to generate first light having a first wavelength, wherein the first light can be coupled into the measurement chamber, wherein, the plurality of detectors are arranged at intervals from each other at the measurement chamber and are configured to receive scattered light generated when the first light is incident on the particulate matter, and generate scattered light measurement data and transmit the data to the control device, wherein the displacement unit is configured to displace the optical reference measurement element from a parked position to a reference measurement position, wherein the first light can be radiated into the optical reference measurement element in the reference measurement position, and wherein the plurality of detectors are configured to receive scattered light from the optical reference measurement element in the reference measurement position, and generate reference measurement data and transmit the data to the control device.

2. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, The displacement unit is configured to displace the optical reference measurement element along a curved movement path from the parked position to the reference measurement position.

3. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 2, wherein, The displacement unit is configured to rotate the optical reference measurement element between 60° and 120° between the parked position and the reference measurement position.

4. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, The displacement unit includes a multi-joint mechanism having at least one multi-joint connector, a drive motor, and a drive shaft, wherein the drive motor is rotatably coupled to the drive shaft, wherein a first end of the at least one multi-joint connector is rotatably coupled to the drive shaft, and wherein the optical reference measurement element is arranged at a second end of the at least one multi-joint connector, wherein a rotational movement of the drive motor in a first direction causes the at least one multi-joint connector to extend and the optical reference measurement element to move from the parked position to the reference measurement position, and wherein a rotational movement of the drive motor in a second direction opposite to the first direction causes the at least one multi-joint connector to retract and the optical reference measurement element to move from the reference measurement position to the parked position.

5. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 4, wherein, The displacement unit includes a detection unit configured to detect whether the optical reference measurement element has reached the parked position or the reference measurement position, wherein the detection unit is configured to output a corresponding detection signal to the control device and / or the drive motor to stop the drive motor.

6. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 5, wherein, The detection unit includes a light blocking plate.

7. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 4, wherein, A self-locking gear is further arranged between the drive motor and the drive shaft, whereby when the drive motor is turned off, the optical reference measurement element remains in its parked position or its reference measurement position.

8. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 7, wherein, The self-locking gear is a worm gear.

9. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, The optomechanical analysis device includes a protective housing defining an accommodation space, wherein the optical reference measurement element is arranged in the accommodation space during the parked position.

10. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 5, wherein, An overpressure unit is provided, which is configured to generate an increased air pressure in the accommodation space of the protective housing compared to the ambient pressure.

11. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, The optomechanical analysis device includes a closing lid arranged at the optical reference measurement element, wherein the closing lid closes the inlet of the measurement chamber at the reference measurement position.

12. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 9, wherein, The protective housing includes an opening through which the optical reference measurement element can be moved out of and into the accommodation space, and wherein the closing lid closes the opening of the protective housing at the parking position.

13. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 10, wherein, The optomechanical analysis device includes a closing lid arranged at the optical reference measurement element, wherein the closing lid closes the inlet of the measurement chamber at the reference measurement position, and wherein the protective housing includes an opening through which the optical reference measurement element can be moved out of and into the accommodation space, and wherein the closing lid closes the opening of the protective housing at the parking position.

14. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, A cleaning unit is provided, and the cleaning unit is configured to blow purge air into the measurement chamber when the optical reference measurement element is in the reference measurement position.

15. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 14, wherein, A cleaning unit is provided, and the cleaning unit is configured to blow filtered purge air into the measurement chamber when the optical reference measurement element is in the reference measurement position.

16. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, An optical damping element is provided, and the optical damping element is configured to damp the first light before the first light enters the optical reference measurement element in its reference measurement position, wherein the optical damping element is directly attached to the optical reference measurement element or in a filter wheel outside the measurement chamber, and the filter wheel is irradiated by the first light.

17. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 16, wherein, The optical damping element includes neutral density glass.

18. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, The optical reference measurement element is formed of or includes a glass-ceramic medium.

19. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 18, wherein, The optical reference measurement element includes 20. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, The first light has a beam diameter of at least 2 mm before it enters the optical reference measurement element in its reference measurement position.

21. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 1, wherein, The control device is configured to control the displacement unit such that the displacement unit pivots the optical reference measurement element from the parking position into the reference measurement position at regular intervals, and wherein the control device is further configured to compare reference measurement data generated at different time points with each other, and in the case of a deviation above a threshold, locally output a signal and / or output a signal to a higher-level control device.

22. The optomechanical analysis device according to claim 3, wherein, The displacement unit is configured to rotate the optical reference measurement element by 90° between the parking position and the reference measurement position.

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