Spectrum detection system based on unmanned aerial vehicle platform

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of spectrum detection, and particularly relates to a spectrum detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform. The unmanned rotorcraft is used as a platform, the damping bracket is fixed below the unmanned rotorcraft through the mounting bracket, the host is fixed above the unmanned rotorcraft, and during use, the probe module can rotate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction through the first holder and the second holder; the stability of image acquisition of the probe module in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle is kept, and accurate monitoring of the system on the target is realized; different heights or scene targets can be better tested; meanwhile, the display can observe data acquisition states and acquisition results in real time, information intercommunication of an interactive interface is realized, and each state can be observed; and setting, modification, storage and application of parameters are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of spectral detection, and particularly relates to a spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform. Background Art

[0002] The principle of spectral detection is based on the interaction between light and matter. Light is an electromagnetic wave with different wavelengths and frequencies. When light strikes a substance, phenomena such as reflection and absorption occur, causing changes in the wavelength and intensity of the light, thereby forming different spectra. Each substance has its unique spectral characteristics, just like human fingerprints, and these characteristics can be used to analyze the composition and structure of the substance. Spectral detection is widely applied in multiple industries and fields, including medicine, food, biology, ceramics, petroleum, glass, metal, ink, paper, ore, coating, soil, etc.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to achieve the convenience of detection, a spectral detection system is installed on a UAV platform, and the UAV carries the spectral detection system for movement. However, due to the hard connection between the UAV and the components of the spectral detection system, it is impossible to maintain the stability of image acquisition of the probe module during the flight of the UAV, and the flexibility of the system is poor.

[0004] In view of this, there is an urgent need for a spectral detection system based on a UAV platform. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a spectral detection system based on a UAV platform to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A spectral detection system based on a UAV platform includes a mounting bracket, a shock-absorbing bracket, a first pan-tilt head, a second pan-tilt head, a host, an optical fiber, a probe module, and a display;

[0008] The shock-absorbing bracket is disposed on the mounting bracket, the first pan-tilt head is disposed on the shock-absorbing bracket, the second pan-tilt head is disposed on the first pan-tilt head, and the probe module is disposed on the second pan-tilt head;

[0009] The mounting bracket is used to mount the probe module on the UAV;

[0010] The first pan-tilt head is used to rotate the probe module in the horizontal direction;

[0011] The second pan-tilt head is used to rotate the probe module in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction;

[0012] A fiber optic spectrometer is provided in the host, and the optical fiber is connected to the fiber optic spectrometer and the probe module;

[0013] The display is used to display the data acquisition status and acquisition results of the probe module in real time.

[0014] The shock-absorbing bracket includes an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate and a number of shock-absorbing balls. The upper pressure plate is arranged above the lower pressure plate, and the number of shock-absorbing balls is arranged between the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate. The shock-absorbing balls are elastic;

[0015] The mounting bracket is connected to the lower pressure plate, and the first pan-tilt head is connected to the upper pressure plate.

[0016] The mounting bracket is arranged on one side of the lower pressure plate, and the first pan-tilt head is connected to the side of the upper pressure plate away from the mounting bracket.

[0017] A number of the shock-absorbing balls are arranged circumferentially along the lower pressure plate.

[0018] The hardness of a number of the shock-absorbing balls increases sequentially from the side close to the first pan-tilt head to the side away from the first pan-tilt head.

[0019] A cosine corrector is provided on the main body. The optical fiber is a Y-shaped optical fiber, and the optical fiber is connected to the cosine corrector.

[0020] A single-sided frosted homogenizing glass is provided at the light inlet of the cosine corrector.

[0021] An RGB color camera, an optical fiber lens and an imaging lens are provided on the probe module.

[0022] A hanging arm bracket is provided on the lower pressure plate.

[0023] A plurality of optical fiber spectrometers are provided inside the main body.

[0024] Adopting the above structure of the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0025] Using a rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle as a platform, the shock-absorbing bracket is fixed below the unmanned aerial vehicle through the mounting bracket, and the main body is fixed above the unmanned aerial vehicle. During use, the probe module can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical directions through the first pan-tilt head and the second pan-tilt head, and the stability of image acquisition of the probe module during the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be maintained, realizing the precise monitoring of the target by the system; better testing of targets at different heights or in different scenarios; at the same time, the display can observe the data acquisition status and acquisition results in real time, realizing the information intercommunication of the interactive interface, and each state can be observed; realizing the setting, modification, saving and application of parameters;

[0026] The visual operation structure under the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform, where the information of the built-in micro - processing unit of the system is displayed in real - time on the display terminal; the method of Y - type optical fiber signal acquisition, which can synchronously collect the signal from the reference light source after homogenization processing and the signal from the measured target; the design of the cosine corrector, which can better homogenize the signal from the reference light source and improve its stability and consistency; the two - dimensional stabilization gimbal can locate targets at different positions and angles in the air, reflecting better flexibility of the system; the design of the auxiliary camera provides support for the positioning detection of the target and the determination of the source position information. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is the schematic structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of part of the structure in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the mounting bracket and the shock - absorbing bracket in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1, mounting bracket; 2, shock - absorbing bracket; 21, upper pressure plate; 22, lower pressure plate; 23, shock - absorbing ball; 3, first gimbal; 4, second gimbal; 5, host; 6, optical fiber; 7, cosine corrector; 71, single - sided frosted homogenizing glass; 8, hanging arm bracket; 9, probe module. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above - mentioned drawings are intended to cover non - exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, device, product or equipment that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily limit to those clearly listed steps or units, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0033] The following will be further described in detail with reference to the attached Figures 1 - 3 This application will be further described in detail.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 - 3A spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform is shown, which includes a mounting bracket 1, a shock-absorbing bracket 2, a first pan-tilt head 3, a second pan-tilt head 4, a main unit 5, an optical fiber 6, a probe module 9, and a display;

[0035] The shock-absorbing bracket 2 is arranged on the mounting bracket 1, the first pan-tilt head 3 is arranged on the shock-absorbing bracket 2, the second pan-tilt head 4 is arranged on the first pan-tilt head 3, and the probe module 9 is arranged on the second pan-tilt head 4;

[0036] The mounting bracket 1 is used to mount the probe module 9 on the UAV;

[0037] The first pan-tilt head 3 is used to rotate the probe module 9 in the horizontal direction;

[0038] The second pan-tilt head 4 is used to rotate the probe module 9 in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction;

[0039] A fiber optic spectrometer is arranged in the main unit 5, and the optical fiber 6 is connected to the fiber optic spectrometer and the probe module 9;

[0040] The display is used to display the data acquisition status and acquisition results of the probe module 9 in real time, and the display can be integrated on the UAV remote controller.

[0041] Based on the above structure, using a rotor UAV as the platform, the shock-absorbing bracket 2 is fixed below the UAV through the mounting bracket 1, and the main unit 5 is fixed above the UAV. During use, the probe module 9 can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical directions through the first pan-tilt head 3 and the second pan-tilt head 4, and the stability of the probe module during the UAV flight can be maintained, realizing the precise monitoring of the target by the system; better testing of targets at different heights or in different scenarios; at the same time, the display can observe the data acquisition status and acquisition results in real time, realizing the information intercommunication of the interactive interface, and each status can be observed; realizing the setting, modification, saving, and application of parameters.

[0042] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the shock-absorbing bracket 2 includes an upper pressure plate 21, a lower pressure plate 22, and a number of shock-absorbing balls 23. The upper pressure plate 21 is arranged above the lower pressure plate 22, and a number of shock-absorbing balls 23 are arranged between the upper pressure plate 21 and the lower pressure plate 22. The shock-absorbing balls 23 are elastic. The mounting bracket 1 is connected to the lower pressure plate 22, and the first pan-tilt head 3 is connected to the upper pressure plate 21; the shock-absorbing balls 23 play a buffering role, realizing the filtering of high / low-frequency signals. After passing through the high-sensitivity response of the first pan-tilt head 3 and the second pan-tilt head 4 itself, the probe module 9 can be in a relatively stable state, and then data with better accuracy can be obtained.

[0043] Further optimized, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, specifically, the mounting bracket 1 is arranged on one side of the lower pressing plate 22, and the first pan-tilt 3 is connected to the side of the upper pressing plate 21 away from the mounting bracket 1 (subject to the influence of the space and fixed position when the pan-tilt structure is connected and fixed to the UAV body). A number of shock-absorbing balls 23 are arranged circumferentially along the lower pressing plate 22 (in this embodiment, there are three groups of shock-absorbing balls 23. The three groups of shock-absorbing balls 23 are distributed from the side close to the mounting bracket 1 to the side away from the mounting bracket 1, and each group has two shock-absorbing balls 23, and the two shock-absorbing balls 23 are arranged in parallel). And the hardness of a number of shock-absorbing balls 23 increases sequentially from the side close to the first pan-tilt 3 to the side away from the first pan-tilt 3. Since the center of gravity of the upper pressing plate 21 is biased towards the mounting position of the first pan-tilt 3, therefore, in order to ensure the uniformity of the buffering effect at different positions of the upper pressing plate 21, the hardness of the shock-absorbing balls 23 close to the center of gravity is relatively large, and the hardness of the shock-absorbing balls 23 on the side away from the center of gravity is relatively small.

[0044] As Figure 1 shown, a cosine corrector 7 is arranged on the main body 5. The optical fiber 6 is a Y-shaped optical fiber. The optical fiber 6 is connected to the cosine corrector 7. And a single-sided frosted homogenizing glass 71 is arranged at the light inlet of the cosine corrector 7. By arranging the cosine corrector 7, it is used to collect real-time light intensity signals. It has a shutter structure inside. Through the serial port protocol, the shutter can be automatically controlled to open / close. When the optical fiber collects signals, the shutter is in an open-loop state; there is a single-sided frosted glass at its upper end, which can well perform full scattering processing on light from different angles, making the light entering the optical fiber relatively uniform, playing a role in homogenizing the light; preventing oversaturation and providing a reference for data calibration; and the design of the Y-shaped optical fiber 6 can synchronously collect signals of ground objects (from the probe module group 9) and the light intensity signal for sky correction (from the cosine corrector 7) and transmit them. The design of the cosine corrector 7 can ensure that the data collected each time can form a reference analogy with the corresponding light intensity (light source) signal, which is helpful for the quantitative analysis and calibration of the data.

[0045] Further optimized, the probe module 9 is provided with an RGB color camera, an optical fiber lens, and an imaging lens. The imaging lens is arranged at the front end of the optical fiber lens and is used to locate the light receiving angle field of view of the optical fiber (the optical fiber is single-core and circular in shape, and the field of view range is determined by its own field of view angle. Similar to using a small point as the source point, at different distances, different areas of large circles will be formed (actually, the field of view sizes at different distances are different), and the field of view angle of this optical fiber is fixed. The variable of the shooting field of view only changes due to the distance; while the field of view angle of the RGB camera is very large, far larger than the field of view angle of the optical fiber; that is to say, the field of view of the RGB can always cover the field of view observed by the optical fiber; when using a laser or the like to measure the spot size at different distances, and then mark its position in the RGB field of view), the RGB color camera can observe the target area in real time, and mark it with a specific identifier, determine each acquisition area and save the corresponding image information, provide support for subsequent data processing and analysis, and synchronously record the regional spectrum and the corresponding image information, expanding the visualization ability of traditional single-point acquisition spectrum.

[0046] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a hanging arm bracket 8 is arranged on the lower pressing plate 22, which forms a cooperation with the mounting bracket 1 to fix the lower pressing plate 22 from both sides, improving the connection stability.

[0047] Further optimized, multiple optical fiber spectrometers are arranged in the host 5. Integrating multiple optical fiber spectrometers inside the host 5 realizes the expansion of the spectral range.

[0048] In summary, using a rotary-wing unmanned aerial vehicle as the platform, the shock-absorbing bracket 2 is fixed below the unmanned aerial vehicle through the mounting bracket 1, and the host 5 is fixed above the unmanned aerial vehicle. During use, the probe module 9 can be rotated in the horizontal and vertical directions through the first pan-tilt head 3 and the second pan-tilt head 4, and the stability during the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be maintained, realizing the precise monitoring of the target by the system; better testing of targets at different heights or in different scenarios; at the same time, the display can observe the data acquisition status and acquisition results in real time, realizing the information intercommunication of the interactive interface, and each state can be observed; realizing the setting, modification, saving, and application of parameters; this visual and flexible adjustable viewing angle structure can provide a more flexible solution for the application side, enabling real-time acquisition in the air according to environmental and other requirements.

[0049] In this application, the display, as a visual operation interface, can avoid the disadvantages of a non-imaging system. It can quickly judge the real-time feedback of the observation area of the auxiliary camera (RGB color camera) and the optical fiber field of view positioning area after the stabilization pan-tilt heads (the first pan-tilt head 3 and the second pan-tilt head 4) complete the rotation in the horizontal and pitch directions. After determining the positioning of the area of interest, it can quickly realize the acquisition and processing of signals;

[0050] When the present application is used, when the entire unmanned aerial vehicle system is hovering in the air, light is irradiated on the surface of the object, the light is scattered and reflected, and by setting the rotation mode of the two-dimensional stabilization gimbal (the first gimbal 3 and the second gimbal 4), the bidirectional reflectance distribution function BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function) test can be realized, which expands the application mode of the system. It is only necessary to realize the function of equally spaced rotation angles in the software, and then obtain the corresponding data information at each angle. This solution can greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of target information collection;

[0051] In this application, since the optical fiber has a certain field of view angle (the field of view angle is 12.7°), the area covered by the light intensity can be accurately calculated based on the pixels of the probe module 9, the working distance to the target, etc.; the detector is a linear array, and the optical fiber is a single-core diameter, and the average spectral data of this area will be collected; and then the characteristic information of the target is characterized, and the distance will affect the area size of the target area.

[0052] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and changes directly derived or associated by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present invention should be considered to be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spectral detection system based on an airborne drone platform, characterized in that: It includes an installation bracket (1), a shock-absorbing bracket (2), a first pan-tilt head (3), a second pan-tilt head (4), a main unit (5), an optical fiber (6), a probe module (9), and a display. The shock-absorbing bracket (2) is arranged on the installation bracket (1), the first pan-tilt head (3) is arranged on the shock-absorbing bracket (2), the second pan-tilt head (4) is arranged on the first pan-tilt head (3), and the probe module (9) is arranged on the second pan-tilt head (4). The installation bracket (1) is used to install the probe module (9) on a drone. The first pan-tilt head (3) is used to rotate the probe module (9) in the horizontal direction. The second pan-tilt head (4) is used to rotate the probe module (9) in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction. A fiber optic spectrometer is arranged in the main unit (5), and the optical fiber (6) is connected to the fiber optic spectrometer and the probe module (9). The display is used to display the data acquisition status and acquisition results of the probe module (9) in real time.

2. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 1, wherein: The shock-absorbing bracket (2) includes an upper pressure plate (21), a lower pressure plate (22), and a plurality of shock-absorbing balls (23). The upper pressure plate (21) is arranged above the lower pressure plate (22), and the plurality of shock-absorbing balls (23) are arranged between the upper pressure plate (21) and the lower pressure plate (22). The shock-absorbing balls (23) are elastic. The installation bracket (1) is connected to the lower pressure plate (22), and the first pan-tilt head (3) is connected to the upper pressure plate (21).

3. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) platform according to claim 2, wherein: The installation bracket (1) is arranged on one side of the lower pressure plate (22), and the first pan-tilt head (3) is connected to the side of the upper pressure plate (21) away from the installation bracket (1).

4. The spectral detection system based on an airborne drone platform according to claim 3, wherein: The plurality of shock-absorbing balls (23) are arranged circumferentially along the lower pressure plate (22).

5. The spectral detection system based on an airborne drone platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hardness of the plurality of shock-absorbing balls (23) increases sequentially from the side close to the first pan-tilt head (3) to the side away from the first pan-tilt head (3).

6. The spectral detection system based on an airborne drone platform according to claim 1, wherein: A cosine corrector (7) is arranged on the main unit (5). The optical fiber (6) is a Y-shaped optical fiber, and the optical fiber (6) is connected to the cosine corrector (7).

7. The spectral detection system based on an airborne drone platform according to claim 6, wherein: A single-sided frosted homogenizing glass (71) is arranged at the light inlet of the cosine corrector (7).

8. The spectral detection system based on an airborne drone platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: An RGB color camera, a fiber optic lens, and an imaging lens are arranged on the probe module (9).

9. The spectral detection system based on an airborne drone platform according to claim 2, wherein: A hanging arm bracket (8) is arranged on the lower pressure plate (22).

10. The spectral detection system based on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of fiber optic spectrometers are arranged in the main unit (5).

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