Novel 3D honeycomb structure of metal ion battery and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel 3D honeycomb structure of a metal ion battery. The technical problems of energy density and rapid charging and discharging of the battery are solved. Comprising a battery positive plate and a battery negative plate which are provided with tabs and a base body, the base body is provided with a plurality of cavities, each cavity is of a regular hexagonal prism cavity structure, one end of each cavity is a regular hexagonal opening, and the other end of each cavity is a regular hexagonal sealing opening; the substrates of the positive plate and the negative plate and the inner cavity wall surfaces of the cavities are attached to positive and negative surface active materials to form a positive electrode and a negative electrode; all the cavities are symmetrically arranged in a two-dimensional topology manner to form a 3D honeycomb structure; the cavity arranged on the base body is of a single-face cavity structure or a double-face cavity structure. The invention further provides a construction method of the novel 3D honeycomb structure of the metal ion battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of metal ion batteries, and particularly relates to a 3D honeycomb novel structure and construction method of a metal ion battery. Background Art

[0002] At present, the metal ion battery technology has entered a relatively mature development stage, and great improvements have been made in various aspects such as battery materials, structures, processes, energy densities, and safety. In particular, the development of pure electric vehicles, energy storage, smart phones, etc. has driven the rapid development of metal ion battery technology. Under such a technical development background, how to continuously optimize and iterate the metal ion battery technology has positive significance for improving the in-depth development and progress of battery technology.

[0003] However, from the perspective of the current technical development route, the development direction of metal ion battery technology mainly follows the technical path of improving battery performance by improving the battery material formula. For example, the development of electrolyte materials has enabled ternary lithium-ion batteries to develop from liquid electrolyte batteries to semi-solid electrolyte batteries to all-solid electrolyte batteries. However, no breakthrough progress has been made in the key performance aspects of metal ion battery technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D honeycomb novel structure and construction method of a metal ion battery to solve the technical problems of battery energy density and fast charge and discharge. As a general technology, it is suitable for the application of stacked and wound liquid, semi-solid, and all-solid metal ion batteries.

[0005] The technical method of the present invention is as follows: In a metal ion battery, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are important structural components that constitute the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Their functions are as current collectors, and their roles are to conduct electricity and serve as carriers for the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material. They are generally made of metal plate materials with aluminum for the positive electrode and copper for the negative electrode. The present invention uses the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the battery as the construction carriers of the 3D honeycomb structure model.

[0006] There is a battery pack positive connection line, which is a section of battery interface line extending after the collection of all the positive electrode tabs in the battery pack and is the external connection point of the positive electrode of the battery pack. There is a positive electrode tab, which is the collection point of all the positive electrode tabs in the battery pack. The positive electrode sheet substrate serves as the positive electrode sheet electrode. The chamber structure partition on the positive electrode sheet substrate is an electrode container that provides physical structure support for the molecular group particles of the positive electrode surface active material on the positive electrode sheet electrode.

[0007] There is a negative connection line of the battery pack, which is a section of battery interface line extending outside after the collection of all the negative tab ears of the negative plates in the battery pack and is the external wiring point of the negative pole of the battery pack; there is a negative tab ear, which is the collection point of all the negative tab ears of the negative plates in the battery pack; the negative plate substrate serves as the negative plate electrode; and the chamber structure partition on the negative plate substrate is an electrode container that provides physical structure support for the molecular cluster particles of the negative surface active material on the negative plate electrode.

[0008] The above-mentioned metal ion battery structure including the positive plate and the negative plate with a large number of micron-sized chamber topology 3D honeycomb structures is called a 3D honeycomb structure circuit network structure model system.

[0009] In the 3D honeycomb structure circuit network structure model system of the present invention, under the drive of voltage, the current flows from the external wiring point of the positive pole of the battery pack to the positive tab ear, branches through the positive tab ears of the positive plates to each positive plate substrate, then branches through the positive plate substrate to the chamber honeycomb structure partition on the positive plate substrate, and directly reaches the contact surface of the molecular cluster particles of the positive surface active material; via the contact surface of the molecular cluster particles of the negative surface active material, it is collected from the chamber honeycomb structure partition on the negative plate substrate to the negative plate substrate, each negative plate substrate is collected again to the negative tab ear, and then collected by the negative tab ear to the external wiring point of the negative pole of the battery pack to form a circuit loop.

[0010] The charging and discharging cycle process of the metal ion battery system of the present invention: During charging, starting from the battery pack interface, the external current is shunted through the positive tab ears of the positive plates and enters each positive plate substrate inside the battery. The positive electrode material undergoes an electrochemical reaction under the action of the current of the positive plate substrate. At this time, metal ions are removed from the metal compound in the positive electrode material and release electrons. The metal ions migrate through the electrolyte and are embedded in the lattice voids of the negative electrode material. The negative electrode is in a state rich in metal ions, and the electrons reach the negative electrode through the external circuit and are received at the same time; During discharging, when the circuit is connected, the negative electrode material undergoes an electrochemical reaction. The metal ions in the lattice voids of the negative electrode material are removed and release electrons. The metal ions migrate through the electrolyte to the positive electrode material and combine with the positive electrode material that originally lost metal ions to form a metal compound again; the electrons reach the positive electrode through the external circuit and are received at the same time.

[0011] In order to achieve the above cycle purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A 3D honeycomb structure for a metal ion battery is provided, including a battery positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet. The positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are provided with electrode tabs and a substrate. Multiple chambers are provided on the substrate. The chambers are arranged as regular hexagonal prism cavity structures surrounded by cylindrical partitions, with one end being a regular hexagonal opening and the other end being a regular hexagonal seal. The substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the top surfaces of the cylindrical partitions of all the chambers on the substrate, the inner wall surfaces of the cylindrical partitions, and the entire surface of the inner bottom of the chambers are respectively bonded with a positive electrode surface active material and a negative electrode surface active material to form a positive electrode and a negative electrode.

[0012] In some embodiments, all the chambers are symmetrically arranged in a two-dimensional topology on the substrate to form a 3D geometric structure with honeycomb structure characteristics.

[0013] In some embodiments, the substrate provided with the chambers includes a single-sided chamber structure. The single-sided chamber structure means that the chambers are provided on one surface of the substrate to form a honeycomb structure with a symmetric two-dimensional topology, and the other surface is a sealed plane.

[0014] In some embodiments, the substrate provided with the chambers includes a double-sided chamber structure. The double-sided chamber structure means that the chambers are provided on both surfaces of the substrate to form a honeycomb structure with a symmetric two-dimensional topology. The middle position of the substrate plane is the dividing plane of the double-sided chamber structure, so that the chamber structures on both sides of the substrate are not connected to each other.

[0015] In some embodiments, all the chambers on the single-sided chamber structure or the double-sided chamber structure of the substrate are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology, and adjacent chambers are connected by the cylindrical partitions of the chambers.

[0016] In some embodiments, the thickness of the cylindrical partitions of the chambers is set to be between one-tenth and one-half of the thickness of the substrate, so that the whole substrate can bear good compressive force, provide a mechanical support framework for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material attached to the substrate of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, strengthen the overall physical strength of the battery and the bonding force between the substrate material and the surface active material, and is not easily caused to collapse internally.

[0017] A construction method for a 3D honeycomb new structure of a metal ion battery is also provided, including the following steps: S1, on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the metal ion battery, construct a 3D honeycomb structure topological circuit network structure model system with micron-scale dimensions, so that the current can efficiently and widely reach the micron-scale molecular cluster particle contact construction surfaces in the surface active materials on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. S2. According to the topological circuit network structure model system of the 3D honeycomb structure, the chambers provided on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are of micron size; S3. Based on the 3D honeycomb structure model in which all the chambers on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are of micron size, a new honeycomb structure configuration relationship of micron size is established between the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. It contains multiple chamber structures. For the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the chamber structures will serve as electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, provide physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and form the power supply electrodes of the circuit network structure model system; for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, micron-sized molecular cluster particle structures with the shape of the chambers are constructed on the fitting contact interfaces between the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. This chamber structure creates a technical framework for the huge surface area effect condition on the fitting contact interfaces between the electrodes on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material; S4. According to the surface area effect technical architecture, the surface area effect enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, improves the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, increases the effective space for the electrochemical reaction activity of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, the effective space for the lattice void activity of the negative electrode surface active material, and the effective storage space for metal ions. Under the condition that the volume of the battery remains unchanged, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the substrates of the traditional positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the surface area effect of this chamber structure model on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet enables the current to reach the micron-sized molecular cluster particle contact surfaces in the positive electrode surface active material efficiently and widely, activates more active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material to participate in the electrochemical reaction, and the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material release a greater total amount of free metal ions and electrons. The micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode surface active material can also provide a greater total amount of free metal ion storage lattice voids, thereby improving the unit energy density of the battery; On the other hand, under this surface area effect, the active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material participate in the electrochemical reaction more widely and release more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This surface area effect fast charging technical architecture enables the charging speed to be greatly accelerated. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be greatly accelerated.

[0018] In some embodiments, step S2 further includes: on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with a single-sided chamber structure, the chambers arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are single-sided micron-sized 3D honeycomb structures; on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with a double-sided chamber structure, the chambers arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are double-sided micron-sized 3D honeycomb structures.

[0019] In some embodiments, step S2 further includes using a laser lithography forming process or an imprinting forming process to respectively form the cavity 3D honeycomb structure of the chambers on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the cylindrical partitions of all the chambers on the substrate and the inner bottom surface structure of the chambers are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate.

[0020] In some embodiments, step S3 further includes using a vacuum coating technology to respectively deposit the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the top surfaces of the cylindrical partitions, the inner wall surfaces of the cylindrical partitions, and the surfaces of the inner bottom surfaces of all the chambers on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to form a full-coverage thin film layer.

[0021] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: A 3D honeycomb new structure model is established inside the positive and negative electrodes of the metal ion battery. The storage space inside the substrate is expanded by setting a large number of chambers on the substrate. By setting interconnected cylindrical partitions, a new circuit network on the substrate is constructed. These numerous chamber structures will serve as the electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive and negative electrode materials, providing physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive and negative electrode materials; on the bonding contact interfaces between the positive electrode substrate, negative electrode substrate and the positive electrode material, negative electrode material respectively, the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are constructed into micron-sized molecular cluster particle structures with the shape of chambers, and at the same time, the surface area effect conditions on the bonding contact interface are created; this surface area effect enables the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material to exhibit new physical properties, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material, significantly increasing the electrochemical reaction activity and effective space of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material; under the condition that the volume of the battery remains unchanged, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the traditional metal ion battery, the surface area effect of the chamber structure model on the positive and negative electrodes of this new type of metal ion battery enables the current to reach the micron-sized molecular cluster particle contact surfaces in the positive electrode material efficiently and widely, which can activate more material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode material to participate in the electrochemical reaction, and the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode material release a greater total amount of free metal ions and electrons. And the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode material can also provide a greater total amount of free metal ion storage lattice voids, thus greatly improving the unit energy density of the battery and significantly enhancing the performance.

[0022] On the other hand, under this surface area effect, the material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode material participate in the electrochemical reaction more widely, releasing more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This surface area effect can also greatly accelerate the charging speed. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be greatly accelerated. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure of the metal ion battery in Embodiment 1; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positive electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in Embodiment 1; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the negative electrode sheet with a double-sided structure in Embodiment 1; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal prism chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the positive electrode sheet of the double-sided structure in Embodiment 1; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal prism chamber structure with symmetric two-dimensional geometric topological arrangement on the negative electrode sheet of the double-sided structure in Embodiment 1; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the regular hexagonal prism chamber structure on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in Embodiment 1; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner bottom surface, inner wall, and top surface of the columnar partition in the regular hexagonal prism chamber on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in Embodiment 1; Figure 8 It is the third schematic diagram of the positive electrode sheet chamber structure in Embodiment 1; Figure 9 It is the third schematic diagram of the negative electrode sheet chamber structure in Embodiment 1.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Tab; 2. Substrate; 3. Division plane of double-sided chamber structure; 4. Chamber; 5. Columnar partition; 8. Top surface of columnar partition; 9. Inner wall surface of columnar partition; 10. Inner bottom surface of chamber; 20. Positive electrode tab; 21. Positive electrode substrate; 22. Division plane of positive electrode double-sided chamber structure; 23. Positive electrode chamber; 24. Positive electrode chamber columnar partition; 30. Negative electrode tab; 31. Negative electrode substrate; 32. Division plane of negative electrode double-sided chamber structure; 33. Negative electrode chamber; 34. Negative electrode chamber columnar partition. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present invention, and it is not a limitation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present invention, it is protected by the patent law.

[0028] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a 3D honeycomb new structure of a metal ion battery, specifically as Figures 1-9As shown, it includes a battery positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet; the battery positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are provided with electrode tabs 1 and a substrate 2, and the substrate 2 is provided with a plurality of chambers 4; the chambers 4 are arranged as regular hexagonal prism cavity structures, with one end being a regular hexagonal opening and the other end being a regular hexagonal seal; all the chambers 4 are symmetrically two-dimensionally topologically arranged on the substrate 2 to form a 3D geometric structure. The entire surfaces of the substrate 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the top surface 8 of the cylindrical partition of all the chambers 4 on the substrate 2, the inner wall surface 9 of the cylindrical partition, and the inner bottom surface 10 of the chamber are respectively attached to the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to form the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

[0029] Further, the battery electrode positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet have the same structure. The positive electrode sheet is provided with a positive electrode sheet electrode tab 20 and a positive electrode sheet substrate 21. The positive electrode sheet substrate 21 is provided with a positive electrode sheet chamber 23, and the positive electrode sheet chamber 23 is composed of a positive electrode sheet chamber cylindrical partition 24. The negative electrode sheet chamber 33 is composed of a negative electrode sheet chamber cylindrical partition 34. The entire surfaces of the top surface 8 of the cylindrical partition of all the positive electrode sheet chambers 23 on the positive electrode sheet substrate 21, the inner wall surface 9 of the cylindrical partition, and the inner bottom surface 10 of the chamber are attached to the positive electrode surface active material to form a positive electrode with a chamber 3D structure. In some embodiments, the middle position of the positive electrode sheet substrate 21 of the double-sided chamber structure is the positive electrode sheet double-sided chamber structure dividing plane 22, such that the positive electrode sheet chamber 23 structures on both sides of the positive electrode sheet substrate 21 are not interconnected. Similarly, the middle position of the negative electrode sheet substrate 31 of the double-sided chamber structure is the negative electrode sheet double-sided chamber structure dividing plane 32, such that the negative electrode sheet chamber 33 structures on both sides of the negative electrode sheet substrate 31 are not interconnected.

[0030] In some embodiments, the substrate 2 provided with the chambers 4 includes a single-sided chamber structure or a double-sided chamber structure; the single-sided chamber structure means that the chambers 4 are arranged on one surface of the substrate 2 to form a 3D honeycomb structure with a symmetric two-dimensional topological arrangement, and the other surface is a sealed plane; the double-sided chamber structure means that the chambers 4 are arranged on both surfaces of the substrate 2 to form a 3D honeycomb structure with a symmetric two-dimensional topological arrangement. The middle position of the substrate 2 plane is the double-sided chamber structure dividing plane 3, such that the chamber 4 structures on both sides of the substrate 2 are not interconnected.

[0031] In some embodiments, all the chambers 4 on the single-sided chamber structure or the double-sided chamber structure of the substrate 2 are arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology, and adjacent chambers 4 are connected by the cylindrical partition 5 of the chamber 4.

[0032] In some embodiments, the thickness of the cylindrical partition 5 of the chamber 4 is set to be between one-tenth and one-half of the thickness of the substrate 2, so that the whole substrate 2 can bear good compressive force, provide a mechanical support framework for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material attached to the substrate 2 of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, strengthen the overall physical strength of the battery and the bonding force between the substrate material and the surface active material, and is not likely to cause the collapse of the internal structure.

[0033] Further, the cylindrical partitions 5 of all the chambers 4 on the substrate 2 and the structure of the inner bottom surface 10 of the chamber are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate 2.

[0034] Further, the positive electrode sheet chamber 23 is used to fit the positive electrode surface energy active material; the negative electrode tab 30 and the negative electrode substrate 31 are provided on the negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet chamber 33 is provided on the negative electrode substrate 31. The entire surfaces of the top surface 8 of the cylindrical partition, the inner wall surface 9 of the cylindrical partition, and the inner bottom surface 10 of all the negative electrode sheet chambers 33 on the negative electrode substrate 31 are fitted with the negative electrode surface active material to form a negative electrode with a 3D honeycomb structure having chambers.

[0035] Further, the surface area effect enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, greatly improving the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and significantly increasing the electrochemical reaction activity and effective space of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material.

[0036] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a method for constructing a 3D honeycomb new structure of a metal ion battery, including the following steps: S1. On the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the metal ion battery, a 3D honeycomb structure topological circuit network structure model system with a micron-scale size is constructed, so that the current can efficiently and widely reach the contact structure surface of the micron-scale molecular cluster particles in the surface active materials on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.

[0037] S2. According to the 3D honeycomb structure topological circuit network structure model system, the chambers 4 provided on the substrates 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are of micron-scale size.

[0038] S3. Based on the fact that all the chambers 4 on the substrate 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are 3D honeycomb structure models with micron-sized dimensions, a novel honeycomb structure configuration relationship with micron-sized dimensions is established between the substrate 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. It contains multiple chamber 4 structures. For the positive electrode sheet substrate 21 and the negative electrode sheet substrate 31, the chamber 4 structures will serve as electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, providing physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and forming a power supply electrode for the circuit network structure model system; for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, micron-sized molecular cluster particle structures with the shape of the chamber 4 are constructed on the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode sheet substrate 21 and the negative electrode sheet substrate 31 with the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. This chamber 4 structure creates a technical framework for the huge surface area effect condition on the fitting contact interfaces of the electrodes on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet substrate with the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material.

[0039] S4. According to the surface area effect technical architecture, the surface area effect enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, improves the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, increases the effective space for the electrochemical reaction activity of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, the effective space for the lattice void activity of the negative electrode surface active material, and the effective storage space for metal ions. Under the condition of unchanged battery volume, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the substrate 2 of the traditional positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the surface area effect of this chamber 4 structure model on the substrate 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet enables the current to reach the micron-sized molecular cluster particle contact surfaces in the positive electrode surface active material efficiently and extensively, activating more active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material to participate in the electrochemical reaction. The micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material release a greater total amount of free metal ions and electrons, while the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode surface active material can also provide a greater total amount of free metal ion storage lattice voids, thereby improving the unit energy density of the battery; On the other hand, under this surface area effect, the active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material participate in the electrochemical reaction more extensively, releasing more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This surface area effect fast charging technical architecture enables the charging speed to be significantly accelerated. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be significantly accelerated.

[0040] In some embodiments, step S2 further includes: on the substrates 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the single-sided chamber structure, the chambers 4 arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are single-sided micron-sized 3D honeycomb structures; on the substrates 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet in the double-sided chamber structure, the chambers 4 arranged in a symmetric two-dimensional geometric topology are double-sided micron-sized 3D honeycomb structures.

[0041] In some embodiments, step S2 further includes using a laser lithography forming process or an imprinting forming process to respectively form the cavity 3D honeycomb structures of the chambers 4 on the substrates of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the cylindrical partition plates 5 and the inner bottom surface 10 structures of all the chambers on the substrate 2 are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate 2.

[0042] In some embodiments, step S3 further includes using a vacuum coating technology to respectively deposit the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the top surfaces 8 of the cylindrical partition plates, the inner wall surfaces 9 of the cylindrical partition plates, and the surfaces of the inner bottom surfaces 10 of all the chambers 4 on the substrates 2 of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to form a fully covered thin film layer.

[0043] Further, on the entire surfaces of the top surfaces 8 of the cylindrical partition plates, the inner wall surfaces 9 of the cylindrical partition plates, and the inner bottom surfaces 10 of all the positive electrode chambers 23 on the positive electrode sheet substrate 21 of the positive electrode sheet, the positive electrode surface active material is respectively adhered to form a positive electrode with a 3D honeycomb structure having chambers.

[0044] Further, on the entire surfaces of the top surfaces 8 of the cylindrical partition plates, the inner wall surfaces 9 of the cylindrical partition plates, and the inner bottom surfaces 10 of all the negative electrode chambers 33 on the negative electrode sheet substrate 31 of the negative electrode sheet, the negative electrode surface active material is respectively adhered to form a negative electrode with a 3D honeycomb structure having chambers.

[0045] Further, the positive electrode surface active material includes ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, etc.

[0046] Further, the negative electrode surface active material includes graphite or mesophase carbon microspheres, etc.

[0047] Further, a metal ion battery pack is composed of multiple battery cell monomers repeatedly adhered, stacked, and connected in parallel; a battery cell monomer is composed of "positive electrode + electrolyte + negative electrode" single-sided or "positive electrode + electrolyte + negative electrode + electrolyte" double-sided adhered and stacked; the positive electrode is composed of "positive electrode sheet substrate + positive electrode material"; the negative electrode is composed of "negative electrode sheet substrate + negative electrode material"; the electrolyte of the solid-state battery is a solid electrolyte; the electrolyte of the liquid battery is composed of "liquid electrolyte + separator + liquid electrolyte".

[0048] Further, the vacuum coating technology includes chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), electron beam physical vapor deposition (EPVD), etc.

[0049] The above has described the present invention in detail through specific embodiments. These detailed descriptions are only limited to helping those skilled in the art understand the content of the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. All kinds of modifications, equivalent transformations, etc. made by those skilled in the art to the above solutions under the concept of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel 3D honeycomb structure of a metal ion battery, characterized in that: It includes a battery positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet. The battery positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are provided with electrode tabs (1) and a matrix (2), and a plurality of chambers (4) are provided on the matrix (2); The chambers (4) are arranged as regular hexagonal prism cavity structures surrounded by cylindrical partitions (5), with one end being a regular hexagonal opening and the other end being a regular hexagonal seal; The matrix (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the top surfaces (8) of the cylindrical partitions of all the chambers (4) on the matrix (2), the inner wall surfaces (9) of the cylindrical partitions, and the entire surface of the inner bottom surfaces (10) of the chambers are respectively attached with positive electrode surface active materials and negative electrode surface active materials to form the positive electrode and the negative electrode.

2. The novel 3D honeycomb structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the chambers (4) are symmetrically arranged on the matrix (2) to form a 3D geometric structure with honeycomb structure characteristics.

3. The novel 3D honeycomb structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The matrix (2) provided with the chambers (4) includes a single-sided chamber structure; the single-sided chamber structure means that the chambers (4) are provided on one surface of the matrix (2) to form a symmetrically arranged honeycomb structure, and the other surface is a sealed plane.

4. The novel 3D honeycomb structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The matrix (2) provided with the chambers (4) includes a double-sided chamber structure; the double-sided chamber structure means that the chambers (4) are provided on both surfaces of the matrix (2) to form a symmetrically arranged honeycomb structure, and the middle position of the plane of the matrix (2) is the partition plane (3) of the double-sided chamber structure, so that the chamber (4) structures on both sides of the matrix (2) are not communicated with each other.

5. The novel 3D honeycomb structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 4, characterized in that: All the chambers (4) on the single-sided chamber structure or the double-sided chamber structure of the matrix (2) are symmetrically arranged, and adjacent chambers (4) are connected by the cylindrical partitions (5) of the chambers (4).

6. The novel 3D honeycomb structure of a metal ion battery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the cylindrical partitions (5) of the chambers (4) is set to be between one-tenth and one-half of the thickness of the matrix (2), so that the matrix (2) as a whole can bear good compressive force, provide a mechanical support framework for the positive electrode surface active materials and the negative electrode surface active materials attached to the matrix (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, strengthen the overall physical strength of the battery and the bonding force between the matrix material and the surface active materials, and is not easily caused to collapse internally.

7. A construction method for a 3D honeycomb novel structure of a metal ion battery, characterized in that: It includes the following steps. S1, on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the metal ion battery, construct a 3D honeycomb structure topological circuit network structure model system with micron-scale dimensions, so that the current can efficiently and widely reach the micron-scale molecular cluster particle contact surfaces in the surface active materials on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. S2. According to the topological circuit network structure model system of the 3D honeycomb structure, the chambers (4) provided on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are of micron size; S3. Based on the 3D honeycomb structure model in which all the chambers (4) on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are of micron size, a new structural configuration relationship of a honeycomb structure of micron size is established between the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet and the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. It contains a plurality of chamber (4) structures. For the positive electrode sheet substrate (21) and the negative electrode sheet substrate (31), the chamber (4) structures will serve as electrode containers for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, providing physical structure support for the molecular cluster particle structures of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, and forming a power supply electrode of the circuit network structure model system; for the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, micron-sized molecular cluster particle structures having the shape of the chamber (4) are constructed on the fitting contact interfaces of the positive electrode sheet substrate (21) and the negative electrode sheet substrate (31) with the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material. This chamber (4) structure creates a technical framework for the huge surface area effect condition on the fitting contact interfaces between the electrodes on the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet substrate and the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material; S4. According to the surface area effect technical framework, the surface area effect enables the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material to exhibit new physical properties, improves the effective utilization rate of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, increases the effective space for the electrochemical reaction activity of the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material, the effective space for the lattice void activity of the negative electrode surface active material, and the effective storage space for metal ions. Under the condition that the volume of the battery remains unchanged, compared with the 2D planar structure model of the substrates of the traditional positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the surface area effect of the chamber (4) structure model on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet enables the current to reach the micron-sized molecular cluster particle contact surfaces in the positive electrode surface active material efficiently and widely, activating more active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material to participate in the electrochemical reaction. The micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material release a greater total amount of free metal ions and electrons, and the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the negative electrode surface active material can also provide a greater total amount of free metal ion storage lattice voids, thereby improving the unit energy density of the battery; On the other hand, under this surface area effect, the active material molecules on the surfaces of the micron-sized molecular cluster particles in the positive electrode surface active material participate in the electrochemical reaction more widely, releasing more free metal ions and electrons per unit time. This surface area effect fast charging technical framework enables the charging speed to be greatly accelerated. Similarly, the discharging speed can also be greatly accelerated.

8. The construction method of the 3D honeycomb new structure of the metal ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S2 further includes, On the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the single-sided chamber structure, the symmetrically arranged chambers (4) constructed are single-sided micron-sized 3D honeycomb structures; on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet of the double-sided chamber structure, the symmetrically arranged chambers (4) constructed are double-sided micron-sized 3D honeycomb structures.

9. The construction method of the 3D honeycomb new structure of the metal ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step S2 includes, Using a laser lithography forming process or an imprinting forming process to respectively form the cavity 3D honeycomb structure of the chamber (4) on the substrates (31) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet; the cylindrical partition plates (5) and the inner bottom surface (10) structure of all the chambers (4) on the substrate (2) are integrally formed at one time and are made of the same material as the substrate (2).

10. The construction method of the 3D honeycomb novel structure of the metal ion battery according to claim 7, characterized in that : The step S3 further includes, Using a vacuum coating technology to respectively deposit the positive electrode surface active material and the negative electrode surface active material on the top surface (8) of the cylindrical partition plate, the inner wall surface (9) of the cylindrical partition plate, and the surface of the inner bottom surface (10) of all the chambers (4) on the substrates (2) of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to form a full-coverage thin film layer.

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