Portable perovskite photovoltaic coiled material and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a portable perovskite photovoltaic coiled material and a preparation method and application thereof. The portable perovskite photovoltaic coiled material comprises at least two photovoltaic modules, flexible perovskite solar cells of the photovoltaic modules and packaging structures arranged on the two sides of the flexible solar cells respectively. The packaging structure comprises an adhesive film and a water-oxygen barrier film which are stacked in sequence, and the water-oxygen barrier film and a protective adhesive layer on the two sides form a packaging area. The flexible perovskite solar cell and the adhesive film are both arranged in the packaging area; the protective adhesive layers between the adjacent photovoltaic modules are provided with gaps, and the flexible perovskite solar cells are connected in series and / or in parallel through the gaps between the protective adhesive layers. The portable perovskite photovoltaic coiled material is easy to fold, curl and carry, the number of modules can be increased or decreased at any time according to actual requirements, and flexible configuration and expansion are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, and relates to a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of the global demand for clean energy, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, has been widely studied and developed in terms of its utilization technology. As an important form of solar energy utilization, a photovoltaic curtain wall combines the building envelope structure with the photovoltaic power generation function. It can not only provide electricity for buildings, but also reduce the dependence on traditional energy sources and lower carbon emissions, thus having significant energy conservation and environmental protection benefits.

[0003] Due to its excellent optoelectronic properties, perovskite materials have received extensive attention in the field of solar cells. Perovskite materials have a high light absorption coefficient, can efficiently absorb sunlight and convert it into electrical energy, and theoretically have a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Moreover, perovskite photovoltaic modules can be prepared at low temperature throughout the process, and the raw materials are widely sourced and have a low cost, which makes perovskite photovoltaic products have potential advantages in terms of the cost per unit of electricity generated.

[0004] However, at present, applying perovskite photovoltaic technology to photovoltaic curtain walls still faces many challenges. Most existing perovskite photovoltaic products are rigid components, which are inconvenient to carry and have inflexible configurations. When applied to photovoltaic curtain walls with complex building shapes, it is difficult to achieve good fitting and installation. Although some flexible perovskite photovoltaic products have emerged, their portability still needs to be improved, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of flexible movement and rapid installation at the construction site. Moreover, in the process of applying perovskite photovoltaic rolls to photovoltaic curtain walls, aspects such as their bonding method with the curtain wall structure, waterproof and sealing performance, long-term stability, and resistance to environmental erosion still need to be further optimized and improved.

[0005] CN119789673A discloses a super-flexible encapsulation structure of a perovskite optoelectronic component, a packaging method and application thereof. The super-flexible encapsulation structure includes a first encapsulation component and a second encapsulation component respectively disposed on both surfaces of a flexible module; wherein, the first encapsulation component includes a cloth-based substrate, a first adhesive film and a first inorganic barrier layer stacked; the second encapsulation component includes a polymer film, a second adhesive film and a second inorganic barrier layer stacked; the first inorganic barrier layer and the second inorganic barrier layer are respectively disposed on both surfaces of the flexible module; the flexible module is a perovskite module prepared based on a flexible conductive substrate, and its flexibility is improved by changing the encapsulation structure of the perovskite optoelectronic component. However, the encapsulation structure is only applicable to small-area perovskite optoelectronic components. If it is used for large-area photovoltaic modules, its flexibility will decrease significantly, and problems such as cracking will occur during the curling process.

[0006] CN119255681A discloses a large-area flexible perovskite solar cell, its preparation method and application. The preparation method includes the following steps: coating a UV glue on one side surface of a flexible substrate, then pasting the flexible substrate on a rigid substrate through the UV glue; sequentially depositing a conductive layer, a first charge transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second charge transport layer and an electrode layer on the side surface of the flexible substrate away from the rigid substrate; photolyzing the UV glue, and setting a polymer film on the electrode layer. After the polymer film and the periphery of the flexible substrate are adhered, heat sealing is carried out to complete the encapsulation, and a large-area flexible perovskite solar cell is obtained. Although it discloses a large-area flexible perovskite solar cell, on the one hand, due to the presence of the rigid substrate, the flexible perovskite solar cell has a certain flexibility, but far from achieving the effect of being able to be curled and stored. On the other hand, the structural controllability of the battery is poor, and it is difficult to increase or decrease components according to needs.

[0007] In summary, it is of great practical significance to develop a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll that can be applied to photovoltaic curtain walls. Such a roll can give full play to the advantages of perovskite materials, solve the deficiencies of existing photovoltaic curtain wall materials in terms of cost, installation flexibility, portability, etc., and provide a new solution for the development of photovoltaic curtain wall technology. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll, its preparation method and application. The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll of the present invention is easy to fold, curl and carry, and the number of modules can be increased or decreased at any time according to actual needs to achieve flexible configuration and expansion.

[0009] To achieve the purpose of this invention, the following technical solutions are adopted by the present invention:

[0010] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll, which includes at least two photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic module is a flexible perovskite solar cell and a first encapsulation structure and a second encapsulation structure respectively arranged on both sides of the flexible solar cell;

[0011] The first encapsulation structure includes a first adhesive film and a first water and oxygen barrier film arranged in a stacked manner in sequence. The second encapsulation structure includes a second adhesive film and a second water and oxygen barrier film arranged in a stacked manner in sequence. Among them, the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the flexible perovskite solar cell;

[0012] A protective glue layer is arranged at the edge between the first water and oxygen barrier film and the second water and oxygen barrier film. The first water and oxygen barrier film, the second water and oxygen barrier film and the protective glue layer form an encapsulation area;

[0013] The flexible perovskite solar cell, the first adhesive film, and the second adhesive film are all disposed inside the encapsulation area;

[0014] A notch is provided in the protective adhesive layer between adjacent photovoltaic modules, and the flexible perovskite solar cells in adjacent photovoltaic modules are connected in series and / or in parallel through the notch between the protective adhesive layers.

[0015] The shape of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll described in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, a square. To avoid waste, the flexible perovskite solar cell, the first adhesive film, and the second adhesive film are filled and disposed inside the encapsulation area formed by the first water-oxygen barrier film, the second water-oxygen barrier film, and the protective adhesive layer.

[0016] The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll described in the present invention is composed of at least two photovoltaic modules. The area of the roll is increased, making its overall structure thin, light, and flexible. While ensuring a good sealing effect, it has the characteristics of being portable, flexible, and easy to carry, and can be conveniently transported and stored by winding. The structure of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is controllable. The protective adhesive layer in the photovoltaic module has an opening, and the conductive material between the batteries can be connected through the opening (the conductive material is the conductive structure in the battery, such as a metal electrode or a transparent conductive layer, etc.), so that the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll described in the present invention can combine multiple batteries in series or in parallel according to needs to achieve different power outputs. Taking a square photovoltaic module as an example, the notch can be a long side of the photovoltaic module.

[0017] Preferably, the flexible perovskite solar cell includes a substrate, a conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light-absorbing layer, an electron transport layer, a buffer layer, and a metal electrode layer that are sequentially stacked.

[0018] Preferably, the material of the substrate includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and / or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN).

[0019] Preferably, the material of the conductive layer includes ITO and / or FTO.

[0020] Preferably, the material of the hole transport layer includes MEO-4PACZ and / or MEO-2PACZ.

[0021] Preferably, the thickness of the hole transport layer is 40 nm to 60 nm, for example: 40 nm, 45 nm, 50 nm, 55 nm, or 60 nm, etc. It is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0022] Preferably, the material of the perovskite light-absorbing layer comprises an ABX3 perovskite material, wherein A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent cation, and X is a monovalent anion. A includes any one or a combination of at least two of methylammonium cation, formamidinium cation or cesium ion. Typical but non-limiting combinations include the combination of methylammonium cation and formamidinium cation, the combination of methylammonium cation and cesium ion, or the combination of formamidinium cation and cesium ion, etc. B includes lead ion and / or tin ion, and X includes any one or a combination of at least two of iodide ion (I - ), bromide ion (Br - ), or chloride ion (Cl - ). Typical but non-limiting combinations include the combination of iodide ion and chloride ion, the combination of bromide ion and chloride ion, or the combination of iodide ion and bromide ion, etc.

[0023] Preferably, the thickness of the perovskite light-absorbing layer is 300 nm to 700 nm, for example: 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm or 700 nm, etc. It is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0024] Preferably, the material of the electron transport layer comprises fullerene C 60 .

[0025] Preferably, the thickness of the electron transport layer is 40 nm to 100 nm, for example: 40 nm, 50 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm or 100 nm, etc. It is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0026] Preferably, the material of the buffer layer comprises BCP.

[0027] Preferably, the thickness of the buffer layer is 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm or 50 nm, etc. It is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0028] Preferably, the material of the metal electrode layer comprises any one or a combination of at least two of copper, gold or silver. Typical but non-limiting combinations include the combination of copper and gold, the combination of copper and silver, or the combination of gold and silver, etc.

[0029] Preferably, the first adhesive film is connected to the substrate, and the second adhesive film is connected to the metal electrode layer.

[0030] Preferably, the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are independently polyolefin elastomer films (POE).

[0031] Preferably, the thicknesses of the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are independently 0.3 mm to 0.65 mm, for example: 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.55 mm, or 0.65 mm, etc.

[0032] Preferably, the first water-oxygen barrier film and the second water-oxygen barrier film are independently ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer films (ETFE).

[0033] Preferably, the thicknesses of the first water-oxygen barrier film and the second water-oxygen barrier film are independently 0.03 mm to 0.2 mm, for example: 0.03 mm, 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, or 0.2 mm, etc.

[0034] Preferably, the material of the protective adhesive layer includes butyl rubber.

[0035] Preferably, the width of the protective adhesive layer is 5 mm to 14 mm, for example: 5 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, or 14 mm, etc.

[0036] Preferably, the thickness of the protective adhesive layer = the thickness of the flexible perovskite solar cell + the thickness of the first adhesive film + the thickness of the second adhesive film.

[0037] Preferably, a 3M double-sided adhesive layer is further provided on the surface of the second encapsulation structure away from the flexible perovskite solar cell.

[0038] On the surface of the back of the battery of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll of the present invention, that is, on the surface of the first encapsulation structure away from the flexible perovskite solar cell, a 3M double-sided adhesive bonding layer is provided, which can be pasted on various surfaces and is applicable to various scenarios such as outdoor and building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) exterior walls.

[0039] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll as described in the first aspect, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0040] The protective adhesive layers are respectively pasted on the edges of the first water-oxygen barrier film and the second water-oxygen barrier film, and a notch is provided on the protective adhesive layer;

[0041] The first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are respectively placed on the first water-oxygen barrier film and the second water-oxygen barrier film to form a first encapsulation structure and a second encapsulation structure, wherein the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are both located inside the area surrounded by the protective adhesive layer;

[0042] Place the flexible perovskite solar cell on the second adhesive film in the second encapsulation structure, then cover the flexible perovskite solar cell with the first encapsulation structure. After hot pressing treatment, assemble at least two photovoltaic modules. The flexible perovskite solar cells in adjacent photovoltaic modules are connected through notches. Apply protective glue at the notch of the protective glue layer of the photovoltaic module to obtain the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll.

[0043] The preparation method of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll described in the present invention has flexibility. A notch is provided on the protective glue layer of a single photovoltaic module, and the flexible perovskite solar cells in adjacent photovoltaic modules can be connected through the notch. When the continuous lamination and encapsulation stop until the required component requirements are reached, the last notch is encapsulated with protective glue to achieve overall encapsulation.

[0044] Preferably, the application of the protective glue layer includes applying at least 1 strip of protective glue side by side.

[0045] Preferably, the temperature of the hot pressing is 80°C to 120°C, for example: 80°C, 90°C, 100°C, 110°C or 120°C, etc. It is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0046] Preferably, the pressure of the hot pressing is 40 MPa to 80 MPa, for example: 40 MPa, 50 MPa, 60 MPa, 70 MPa or 80 MPa, etc. It is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0047] Preferably, the time of the hot pressing is 15 min to 30 min, for example: 15 min, 20 min, 25 min or 30 min, etc. It is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within this numerical range are equally applicable.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll as described in the first aspect. The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is used for a photovoltaic curtain wall.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] (1) The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll described in the present invention is easy to fold, curl and carry, and the number of modules can be increased or decreased at any time according to actual needs, realizing flexible configuration and expansion.

[0051] (2) By effectively adjusting parameters such as the thickness of the water and oxygen barrier film, the thickness of the adhesive film, and the width of the protective glue layer, the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll can ensure its water and oxygen barrier performance and photovoltaic performance under the condition of long-term curling. Description of the Drawings

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module in a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll provided by an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a first water and oxygen barrier film, 2 is a first adhesive film, 3 is a substrate, 4 is a conductive layer, 5 is a hole transport layer, 6 is a perovskite light absorption layer, 7 is an electron transport layer, 8 is a buffer layer, 9 is a metal electrode layer, 10 is a second adhesive film, 11 is a second water and oxygen barrier film, 12 is a protective glue layer, 13 is 3M double-sided tape, and 14 is a notch.

[0053] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection part between adjacent photovoltaic modules in the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0054] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only for helping to understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations on the present invention.

[0055] The flexible perovskite solar cells used in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are all prepared by the following method:

[0056] Use PEN as the substrate and ITO as the conductive substrate of the conductive layer, and put it into a laser etching machine for etching and standby;

[0057] Coat an ethanol solution of MEO-4PACZ with a molar concentration of 0.5 mmol / L on the conductive layer of the conductive substrate to form a hole transport layer with a thickness of 50 nm. Define the sum of the masses of the drugs bromomethylamine, iodomethylamidine, chloromethylamine, cesium iodide, lead iodide, and lead bromide as 100%. Among them, bromomethylamine is 1%, iodomethylamidine is 20%, chloromethylamine is 3%, lead iodide is 65%, lead bromide is 3%, and cesium iodide is the balance; the solvent is a mixture of a first solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide) and a second solvent (amide solvent, N,N-dimethylformamide). By volume percentage, the second solvent is 80% and the first solvent is 20%. Mix the above drugs and solvents and continue to stir at 70 °C for 12 hours to prepare a perovskite precursor solution for standby (wherein, in the perovskite precursor solution, the concentration of the drug is 1.1 mol / L). Spin-coat the perovskite precursor solution on the surface of the hole transport layer to prepare a perovskite light absorption layer with a thickness of 500 nm. The surface of the perovskite light absorption layer is prepared by evaporation to deposit C 60 Prepare an electron transport layer with a thickness of 50 nm. Evaporate a BCP buffer layer with a thickness of 30 nm on the surface of the electron transport layer. Evaporate a silver metal layer on the buffer layer to obtain an unencapsulated flexible perovskite solar cell.

[0058] Embodiment 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll, and the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll includes three serially connected photovoltaic modules. The schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module is as shown in Figure 1 shown. The photovoltaic module independently includes a first water and oxygen barrier film 1, a second water and oxygen barrier film 11, a first adhesive film 2, a second adhesive film 10, a flexible perovskite solar cell, a protective adhesive layer 12, 3M double-sided tape 13, and a notch 14. The edge positions of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are connected through the protective adhesive layer 12 to form a packaging area (a single photovoltaic module needs to leave a notch 14, and the last notch will be sealed with a protective adhesive after finally assembling into a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll to form a packaging area). The material of the protective adhesive layer 12 is butyl rubber. The flexible perovskite solar cell, the first adhesive film 2, and the second adhesive film 10 are arranged in the packaging area. The flexible perovskite solar cell is connected to the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 through the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 respectively. Among them, the materials of the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 are both PEO, the thicknesses of the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 are both 0.55 mm, the materials of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are both ETFE, the thicknesses of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are both 0.15 mm, the width of the protective adhesive layer is 9 mm, and the thickness of the protective adhesive layer 12 after lamination = the thickness of the flexible perovskite solar cell + the thickness of the first adhesive film 2 + the thickness of the second adhesive film 10;

[0060] The flexible perovskite solar cell includes a substrate 3, a conductive layer 4, a hole transport layer 5, a perovskite light absorption layer 6, an electron transport layer 7, a buffer layer 8, and a metal electrode layer 9 which are sequentially stacked. The substrate 3 is connected to the first adhesive film 2, and the metal electrode layer 9 is connected to the second adhesive film 10.

[0061] A 3M double-sided tape layer 13 is also provided on the second water and oxygen barrier film 11.

[0062] The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is prepared by the following method:

[0063] Apply butyl glue to three edges of the square ETFE film. Apply three strips side by side on each edge without overlap to form a protective glue layer 12. Place the cut PEO glue film in the area surrounded by the protective glue layer 12 to form a packaging structure. Place the flexible perovskite solar cell on the PEO glue film, and then cover the flexible perovskite solar cell with the PEO film of another packaging structure. The ETFE films of the two packaging structures need to be aligned. Place it in a laminator, pad compressive glass around it, cover it with a high-temperature cloth, and perform hot pressing at 90 °C and a pressure of 0.5 MPa for 20 min for packaging to obtain a photovoltaic module. Connect 30 photovoltaic modules electrically to each other through the positions where no butyl glue is set (the structural schematic diagram of the connection position is as shown in Figure 2 shown. The first photovoltaic module is at the position, and for subsequent photovoltaic modules, only butyl glue needs to be applied on both sides), and then apply butyl glue to the last position where no butyl glue is set (notch 14) to complete the packaging to obtain the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This example provides a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll. The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll includes three serially connected photovoltaic modules. The structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module is as shown in Figure 1 shown. The photovoltaic module independently includes a first water-oxygen barrier film 1, a second water-oxygen barrier film 11, a first adhesive film 2, a second adhesive film 10, a flexible perovskite solar cell, a protective glue layer 12, and 3M double-sided tape 13. Among them, the edge positions of the first water-oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water-oxygen barrier film 11 are connected through the protective glue layer 12 to form a packaging area (a single photovoltaic module needs to leave a notch 14, and the last notch will be sealed with protective glue after finally assembling into a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll to form a packaging area). The material of the protective glue layer 12 is butyl glue. The flexible perovskite solar cell, the first adhesive film 2, and the second adhesive film 10 are arranged in the packaging area. The flexible perovskite solar cell is connected to the first water-oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water-oxygen barrier film 11 through the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 respectively. Among them, the materials of the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 are both PEO. The thicknesses of the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 are both 0.3 mm. The materials of the first water-oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water-oxygen barrier film 11 are both ETFE. The thicknesses of the first water-oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water-oxygen barrier film 11 are both 0.03 mm. The width of the protective glue layer is 5 mm. The thickness of the protective glue layer 12 after lamination = the thickness of the flexible perovskite solar cell + the thickness of the first adhesive film 2 + the thickness of the second adhesive film 10;

[0066] The flexible perovskite solar cell includes a substrate 3, a conductive layer 4, a hole transport layer 5, a perovskite light-absorbing layer 6, an electron transport layer 7, a buffer layer 8, and a metal electrode layer 9 that are sequentially stacked. The substrate 3 is connected to a first adhesive film 2, and the metal electrode layer 9 is connected to a second adhesive film 10.

[0067] A 3M double-sided adhesive layer 13 is further provided on the second water and oxygen barrier film 11.

[0068] The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is prepared by the following method:

[0069] Butyl rubber is applied to three edges of a square ETFE film. Three strips are applied side by side on each edge without overlap to form a protective rubber layer 12. A cut PEO rubber film is placed in the area surrounded by the protective rubber layer 12 to form a packaging structure. The flexible perovskite solar cell is placed on the PEO rubber film, and then the PEO film of another packaging structure is covered on the flexible perovskite solar cell. The ETFE films of the two packaging structures need to be aligned. It is placed in a laminator, with compressive glass padded around it, covered with a high-temperature cloth, and hot-pressed at 80 °C and a pressure of 1 MPa for 30 min for packaging to obtain a photovoltaic module. After 40 photovoltaic modules are connected in series through the positions where no butyl rubber is provided, the position (notch 14) where no butyl rubber is finally provided is applied with butyl rubber to complete the packaging, and the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is obtained.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This example provides a portable perovskite photovoltaic roll. The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll includes three serially connected photovoltaic modules. The structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module is as Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic module independently includes a first water and oxygen barrier film 1, a second water and oxygen barrier film 11, a first adhesive film 2, a second adhesive film 10, a flexible perovskite solar cell, a protective adhesive layer 12 and a 3M double-sided adhesive 13. The edge positions of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are connected through the protective adhesive layer 12 to form a packaging area (a single photovoltaic module needs to leave a notch 14, and finally, after assembling into a portable perovskite photovoltaic coil, the last notch is sealed with the protective adhesive to form the packaging area). The material of the protective adhesive layer 12 is butyl rubber. The flexible perovskite solar cell, the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 are arranged in the packaging area. The flexible perovskite solar cell is connected to the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 through the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 respectively. Among them, the materials of the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 are both PEO, the thicknesses of the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 10 are both 0.65 mm, the materials of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are both ETFE, the thicknesses of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are both 0.2 mm, the width of the protective adhesive layer is 14 mm, and the thickness of the protective adhesive layer after lamination = the thickness of the flexible perovskite solar cell + the thickness of the first adhesive film 2 + the thickness of the second adhesive film 10;

[0072] The flexible perovskite solar cell includes a substrate 3, a conductive layer 4, a hole transport layer 5, a perovskite light absorption layer 6, an electron transport layer 7, a buffer layer 8 and a metal electrode layer 9 which are sequentially stacked. The substrate 3 is connected to the first adhesive film 2, and the metal electrode layer 9 is connected to the second adhesive film 10.

[0073] A 3M double-sided adhesive layer 13 is also arranged on the second water and oxygen barrier film 11.

[0074] The portable perovskite photovoltaic coil is prepared by the following method:

[0075] Apply butyl rubber to three edges of a square ETFE film, apply three strips side by side on each edge without overlapping to form the protective adhesive layer 12. Place the cut PEO adhesive film in the area surrounded by the protective adhesive layer 12 to form a packaging structure. Place the flexible perovskite solar cell on the PEO adhesive film, then cover the PEO film of another packaging structure on the flexible perovskite solar cell. The ETFE films of the two packaging structures need to be aligned. Put them into a laminator, pad compressive glass around, cover with a high-temperature cloth, and hot-press at 100 °C and 1 MPa for 5 min for packaging to obtain a photovoltaic module. Connect 40 photovoltaic modules in parallel through the positions without butyl rubber, and then apply butyl rubber to the last position without butyl rubber (notch 14) to complete the packaging to obtain the portable perovskite photovoltaic coil.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the application width of the butyl rubber is 3 mm, and other conditions and parameters are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the thicknesses of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are both 0.3 mm, and other conditions and parameters are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0080] Example 6

[0081] The difference between this example and Example 1 is only that the thicknesses of the first water and oxygen barrier film 1 and the second water and oxygen barrier film 11 are both 0.01 mm, and other conditions and parameters are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the protective adhesive layer is not provided, and other conditions and parameters are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the adhesive film is not provided, and other conditions and parameters are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0086] Comparative Example 3

[0087] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is only that the battery substrate is glass, and other conditions and parameters are exactly the same as those in Example 1.

[0088] Performance Test:

[0089] The water and oxygen barrier properties of the portable perovskite photovoltaic rolls obtained from the examples and comparative examples were tested under the following conditions: temperature: 85 ± 2 °C; humidity: 85 ± 2% RH, and the test time was 1000 h. In addition, the water and oxygen barrier and photovoltaic performance of the portable perovskite photovoltaic rolls were tested under the condition of being curled, with the test conditions being temperature: 85 ± 2 °C; humidity: 85 ± 2% RH, and the test time being 1000 h. Evaluation indicators: photoelectric conversion efficiency decay rate (required to be less than 10%); appearance inspection (visually no obvious discoloration, whitening or yellowing, and no obvious fracture or delamination). The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0090] Table 1

[0091]

[0092] As can be seen from Table 1, it can be obtained from Examples 1 - 3 that the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll of the present invention can pass the water and oxygen barrier test and the photovoltaic performance test before and after being curled and stored for 1000 h. Only when the thicknesses of the adhesive film and the barrier film are maintained within a suitable range can the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll ensure its water and oxygen barrier performance and photovoltaic performance under the condition of long-term curling.

[0093] By comparing Example 1 and Example 4, it can be obtained that in the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll of the present invention, the pasting width of the protective adhesive layer affects its water and oxygen barrier performance. When the pasting width of the protective adhesive layer is controlled within 5 mm - 14 mm, the performance of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is better. If the pasting width of the protective adhesive layer is too small, its water and oxygen barrier performance will deteriorate.

[0094] By comparing Example 1 and Examples 5 - 6, it can be obtained that in the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll of the present invention, the thickness of the water and oxygen barrier film affects its water and oxygen barrier performance. When the thickness of the water and oxygen barrier film is controlled within 0.03 mm - 0.2 mm, the performance of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is better. If the thickness of the water and oxygen barrier film is too small, its water and oxygen barrier performance will deteriorate. If the thickness of the water and oxygen barrier film is too large, its flexibility will deteriorate.

[0095] By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be obtained that the protective adhesive film has a great influence on the water and oxygen barrier performance of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll. Without the protective adhesive film, water and oxygen can easily penetrate into the interior of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll through the surrounding, resulting in a significant decline in its water and oxygen barrier performance.

[0096] By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, it can be obtained that the presence of the adhesive film has a great influence on the water and oxygen barrier performance of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll. During the lamination process, the adhesive film fills the defects of the water and oxygen barrier layer, which can improve the water and oxygen barrier ability of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll.

[0097] By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, it can be obtained that the substrate of the portable perovskite photovoltaic roll is flexible and has the characteristic of being resistant to bending. It can be curled and ensure its water and oxygen barrier performance and photovoltaic performance, which is convenient for transportation and storage.

[0098] The applicant declares that the above-mentioned is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable perovskite photovoltaic coil, characterized in that, The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll includes at least two photovoltaic modules, and each photovoltaic module includes a flexible perovskite solar cell, and a first encapsulation structure and a second encapsulation structure respectively disposed on both sides of the flexible solar cell; The first encapsulation structure includes a first adhesive film and a first water and oxygen barrier film stacked in sequence, and the second encapsulation structure includes a second adhesive film and a second water and oxygen barrier film stacked in sequence. Among them, the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are respectively disposed on the two side surfaces of the flexible perovskite solar cell; A protective adhesive layer is provided at the edge between the first water and oxygen barrier film and the second water and oxygen barrier film, and the first water and oxygen barrier film, the second water and oxygen barrier film and the protective adhesive layer form an encapsulation area; The flexible perovskite solar cell, the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are all disposed inside the encapsulation area; A notch is provided in the protective adhesive layer between adjacent photovoltaic modules, and the flexible perovskite solar cells in adjacent photovoltaic modules are connected in series and / or in parallel through the notch between the protective adhesive layers.

2. The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll as claimed in claim 1, wherein The flexible perovskite solar cell includes a substrate, a conductive layer, a hole transport layer, a perovskite light absorption layer, an electron transport layer, a buffer layer and a metal electrode layer stacked in sequence; Preferably, the material of the substrate includes polyethylene terephthalate and / or polyethylene naphthalate; Preferably, the material of the conductive layer includes ITO and / or FTO; Preferably, the material of the hole transport layer includes MEO-4PACZ and / or MEO-2PACZ; Preferably, the material of the perovskite light absorption layer includes an ABX3 perovskite material, wherein A is a monovalent cation, B is a divalent cation, and X is a monovalent anion. A includes any one or a combination of at least two of methylammonium cation, formamidinium cation or cesium ion, B includes lead ion and / or tin ion, and X includes any one or a combination of at least two of iodide ion, bromide ion or chloride ion; Preferably, the material of the electron transport layer includes fullerene C 60 ; Preferably, the material of the buffer layer includes BCP; Preferably, the material of the metal electrode layer includes any one or a combination of at least two of copper, gold or silver; Preferably, the first adhesive film is connected to the substrate, and the second adhesive film is connected to the metal electrode layer.

3. The portable perovskite photovoltaic coil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are independently polyolefin elastomer films; Preferably, the thicknesses of the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are independently 0.3 mm to 0.65 mm.

4. The portable perovskite photovoltaic coil according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first water and oxygen barrier film and the second water and oxygen barrier film are independently ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer films; Preferably, the thicknesses of the first water and oxygen barrier film and the second water and oxygen barrier film are independently 0.03 mm to 0.2 mm.

5. The portable perovskite photovoltaic coil according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The material of the protective adhesive layer includes butyl rubber; Preferably, the width of the protective adhesive layer is 5 mm to 14 mm.

6. The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The thickness of the protective adhesive layer = the thickness of the flexible perovskite solar cell + the thickness of the first adhesive film + the thickness of the second adhesive film.

7. The portable perovskite photovoltaic roll as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, A 3M double-sided adhesive layer is further provided on the surface of the second encapsulation structure away from the flexible perovskite solar cell; 8. A method for preparing a portable perovskite photovoltaic coil according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: A protective adhesive layer is respectively applied to the edges of the first water and oxygen barrier film and the second water and oxygen barrier film, and a notch is provided on the protective adhesive layer; A first adhesive film and a second adhesive film are respectively placed on the first water and oxygen barrier film and the second water and oxygen barrier film to form a first encapsulation structure and a second encapsulation structure, wherein the first adhesive film and the second adhesive film are both located inside the area surrounded by the protective adhesive layer; The flexible perovskite solar cell is placed on the second adhesive film in the second encapsulation structure, and then the first encapsulation structure is covered on the flexible perovskite solar cell. After hot pressing treatment, a photovoltaic module is obtained. At least two photovoltaic modules are assembled, and the flexible perovskite solar cells in adjacent photovoltaic modules are connected through the notch. A protective adhesive is applied to the notch of the protective adhesive layer of the photovoltaic module to obtain the portable perovskite photovoltaic coil.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature of the hot pressing is 80°C to 120°C; Preferably, the pressure of the hot pressing is 40 MPa to 80 MPa; Preferably, the time of the hot pressing is 15 min to 30 min.

10. Use of a portable perovskite photovoltaic coil as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The portable perovskite photovoltaic coil is used for a photovoltaic curtain wall.

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