Color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis method for artery in semi-open meninx

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a color Doppler ultrasonic hemodynamic analysis method for an artery in a semi-open mouth meninx, which comprises the following steps of: taking a semi-open mouth of a patient, and maintaining an acoustic window through an occlusion object to enlarge a subtemporal fossa; a linear array or convex array probe is selected according to the body type of a subject, and ultrasonic equipment parameters are set; scanning in the subtemporal fossa to identify the trunk of the maxillary artery (MXA) and the branch of the middle meninx artery (MMA); measuring inner diameters and hemodynamic parameters of the MXA and the MMA, wherein the parameters comprise a systolic peak flow rate (PSV), an end-diastolic flow rate (EDV), a resistance index (RI) and a pulsation index (PI); compared with the prior art, the subtemporal fossa is expanded by 5-10 mm through the medical silica gel occlusion object with the occlusion thickness of 3-8 mm, the anterior-posterior diameter of the subtemporal fossa is expanded to 25-35 mm, the upper-lower diameter of the subtemporal fossa is expanded to 18-28 mm, and bone shielding of the condylar process on the initial section of the middle meninx artery (MMA) is thoroughly relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic diagnosis, and particularly relates to a method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position. Background Art

[0002] As an important branch of the maxillary artery, the hemodynamic state of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) is closely related to various intracranial vascular diseases such as dural arteriovenous fistula, moyamoya disease, and chronic subdural hematoma. At the same time, it is also the key donor artery for extracranial-intracranial bypass surgery. When detecting MMA by traditional ultrasound, limited by the bone occlusion of the mandibular condyle and coronoid process, the sub-temporal fossa is usually explored in the closed mouth position. However, the acoustic window in this position is narrow, and only part of the superficial MMA can be displayed. The deep MMA runs deep to the lateral pterygoid muscle and is blocked by the condyle, so the display rate is extremely low. In addition, the traditional method relies on the sonographer to manually adjust the probe angle and equipment parameters, resulting in poor display of deep blood vessels in patients with special body types such as obesity and short neck. Moreover, only basic blood flow parameters such as peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) can be obtained, lacking the evaluation of key information such as vascular elasticity and anatomical classification, and it is difficult to meet the clinical precision diagnosis requirements.

[0003] From the perspective of the existing technology, the limited acoustic window leads to a low display rate: the anteroposterior diameter of the sub-temporal fossa in the closed mouth position is only 21-23 mm, and the superior-inferior diameter is 18-20 mm. The overall display rate of MMA is less than 70%, and the display rate of the deep type is only 40%. In obese patients, due to the increase in soft tissue thickness, the display rate further decreases, which is prone to misdiagnosis. Secondly, parameter measurement depends on experience and has insufficient accuracy: traditional ultrasound does not intelligently match the probe according to body type differences, and blood flow parameter measurement is significantly affected by the sound beam angle and motion artifacts. The errors of core parameters such as resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) can reach 8%-15%, and the data repeatability is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above defects of the existing technology, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position, which solves the problems of low display rate of MMA caused by narrow acoustic window, large measurement error caused by rough parameter adjustment, and single function evaluation lacking anatomical and gender analysis.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: The patient takes the semi-open mouth position, and maintains the acoustic window through a bite object to expand the sub-temporal fossa;

[0008] S2: Select a linear array or convex array probe according to the subject's body type and set the parameters of the ultrasonic device;

[0009] S3: Scan the infratemporal fossa to identify the main trunk of the maxillary artery (MXA) and the branches of the middle meningeal artery (MMA);

[0010] S4: Measure the inner diameters and hemodynamic parameters of the MXA and MMA, including peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), resistance index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI);

[0011] S5: Conduct a comparative analysis in combination with gender, side, and anatomical classification.

[0012] Preferably, the bite material described in step S1 is a medical silicone bite material with adjustable thickness. By biting, the infratemporal fossa is enlarged by 5 - 10 mm, the anteroposterior diameter of the infratemporal fossa is enlarged to 25 - 35 mm, and the superior-inferior diameter is enlarged to 18 - 28 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the probe selection method described in step S2 is as follows: for those with a BMI ≥ 24, a 1 - 5 MHz convex array probe is used; for those with a BMI < 24, a 4 - 9 MHz linear array probe is used, and the initial velocity scale is set to 30 - 40 cm / s.

[0014] Preferably, the conditions for identifying the MMA in step S3 are: originating from the first segment of the MXA, with a tube diameter 40% - 60% thinner than that of the MXA, and the running direction forming an angle of 30° - 60° with the MXA and facing the foramen spinosum.

[0015] Preferably, in step S4, the pulsed Doppler mode is adopted, the angle between the sound beam and the blood vessel is ≤ 60°, the spectra of 3 - 5 cardiac cycles are continuously collected, and motion artifacts are removed through a waveform fitting algorithm.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes verifying the running type of the MMA through three-dimensional reconstruction of CT angiography (CTA), differentiating the superficial type (superficial to the lateral pterygoid muscle) and the deep type (deep to the lateral pterygoid muscle), and measuring the distance between the starting points of the MMA and the MXA (11.2 ± 1.5 mm).

[0017] Preferably, the hemodynamic parameters also include the time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMAX) and the vascular elasticity index (EI). The EI value is calculated through the radial displacement of the blood vessel wall, and the EI value of the MMA is 15% - 25% lower than that of the MXA.

[0018] Preferably, in step (5), a gender-specific reference database is established: the average tube diameter of the MMA in males (1.6 ± 0.2 mm) is 14% thicker than that in females (1.4 ± 0.1 mm), and the PI value (1.5 ± 0.1) is 7% higher than that in females (1.4 ± 0.1).

[0019] Preferably, the ultrasound device is built with an AI algorithm, trained based on CTA-MRI three-dimensional reconstruction data, which can automatically identify the MMA and prompt the display difficulty grading. The display rate of superficial type is ≥85%, and the display rate of deep type is ≥60%.

[0020] Preferably, when the RI of the MMA is detected to be >0.85 or the PSV > 35 cm / s, the device will automatically trigger an abnormal blood flow warning, and the warning accuracy rate is ≥90%.

[0021] The technical effects and advantages of a color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis method for the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. In this invention, the dynamic optimization of the acoustic window breaks through the anatomical occlusion and significantly improves the vascular display rate. By using a medical silicone bite block with a bite thickness of 3-8 mm, the infratemporal fossa is enlarged by 5-10 mm, the anteroposterior diameter of the infratemporal fossa is enlarged to 25-35 mm, and the vertical diameter is enlarged to 18-28 mm, completely removing the bony occlusion of the initial segment of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) by the condyle. Compared with the traditional closed mouth position ultrasound, the display rate of superficial MMA has increased from 70% to 88%, and that of deep type has increased from 40% to 65%. In particular, the display rate of deep blood vessels in obese patients (BMI≥24) has increased by 62.5%. This technology solves the problem of low display rate caused by bony occlusion in traditional methods through quantitative body position control and real-time ultrasound monitoring, provides stable acoustic window conditions for the ultrasound detection of MMA, and lays the foundation for subsequent hemodynamic analysis.

[0023] 2. In this invention, the intelligent matching of multi-modal parameters realizes accurate hemodynamic measurement. The probe type and parameters are automatically matched based on the subject's BMI (body mass index): for those with BMI < 24, a 4-9 MHz linear array probe (high resolution for superficial blood vessels) is used, and for those with BMI≥24, a 1-6 MHz convex array probe (strong penetration for deep blood vessels) is enabled. Combined with depth tracking technology, the velocity scale is dynamically adjusted (the velocity scale for deep blood vessels is reduced to 5-15 cm / s), so that the measurement error of blood flow parameters for subjects of different body types is ≤4%, and the accuracy is nearly doubled compared with traditional methods (error 8%-15%). Through angle correction with a sound beam angle ≤60° and waveform fitting algorithm for 5 consecutive cardiac cycles, the integrity rate of the spectral waveform can reach more than 96%, effectively eliminating motion artifacts such as respiration and swallowing, ensuring the measurement repeatability of core parameters such as peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistance index (RI), and providing reliable hemodynamic data support for clinical practice.

[0024] 3. In this invention, AI-driven vascular identification and anatomical classification enhance diagnostic specificity. Relying on an AI algorithm trained with 1200 cases of CTA-MRI three-dimensional reconstruction data, this invention can automatically distinguish between the superficial type (superficial to the lateral pterygoid muscle, accounting for 72%) and the deep type (deep to the lateral pterygoid muscle, accounting for 28%) of the middle meningeal artery (MMA). The recognition accuracies are 92% and 85% respectively, and it can intelligently prompt the display difficulty grading of the deep type of MMA (display rate: superficial type ≥ 85%, deep type ≥ 60%), significantly reducing the dependence on doctors' experience. By combining CTA three-dimensional reconstruction (slice thickness 0.625mm, matrix 512×512) to measure the distance between the starting point of the MMA and the maxillary artery (MXA) (11.2 ± 1.5mm), a cross-modal diagnostic system of "ultrasound preliminary screening - CTA precise verification" is constructed, improving the anatomical classification accuracy to 91% and avoiding the misdiagnosis risk of single-modal detection.

[0025] 4. In this invention, gender-differentiated analysis and functional parameter expansion enrich the clinical evaluation dimension. For the first time, a gender-specific reference database for MMA is established, and it is found that the average diameter of the MMA in men (1.6 ± 0.2mm) is 14% thicker than that in women (1.4 ± 0.1mm), and the pulsatility index (PI) is 7% higher (p < 0.05). This solves the problem of gender misjudgment caused by the "one-size-fits-all" analysis in the prior art and makes the clinical evaluation more in line with physiological differences. At the same time, the measurement of the vascular elasticity index (EI) is newly added. The EI value of the MMA (0.08 - 0.12) calculated through the radial displacement of the vessel wall is 15% - 25% lower than that of the MXA, filling the functional gap that traditional ultrasound can only measure blood flow velocity.

[0026] 5. In this invention, intelligent early warning and efficiency improvement promote rapid clinical screening. When the RI of the MMA > 0.85 or the PSV > 35cm / s is detected, the built-in AI algorithm of the device automatically triggers an abnormal blood flow early warning (accuracy rate ≥ 90%). It only takes 15 seconds from data collection to generating an early warning report, with an efficiency improvement of 80% compared to manual analysis, realizing early non-invasive screening of vascular lesions such as dural arteriovenous fistula and moyamoya disease. Through a stable semi-open mouth position for biting, voice prompts for the probe angle, and monitoring of the biting force by a pressure sensor, the single-operator success rate is increased from 70% to over 90%, and the average detection time is shortened to 5 - 7 minutes (the traditional method takes 12 minutes), significantly optimizing the clinical workflow. This intelligent function not only improves the response speed in emergency scenarios but also reduces human error through standardized operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a method for color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis of the middle meningeal artery in a semi-open mouth position according to this invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "including..." do not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said elements.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] Reference Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis method for the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position, which is used for the implementation of superficial MMA detection in normal body type males. The implementation content includes:

[0032] Implementation background: Male, 32 years old, BMI = 23.5 (normal body type), no history of vascular diseases.

[0033] Implementation steps:

[0034] (1) Establishing the acoustic window, biting a 4-mm medical silicone bite block, expanding the infratemporal fossa by 7 mm, with the anteroposterior diameter of the infratemporal fossa being 27 mm (22 mm in the closed mouth position), and the ultrasound shows an enlarged distance between the condyle and the coronoid process;

[0035] (2) Selecting the probe, because BMI < 24, a linear array probe (frequency 6 - 9 MHz) is used, with an initial velocity scale of 35 cm / s and a sampling volume of 2 mm;

[0036] (3) Identifying the blood vessels, the main trunk of MXA (diameter 3.0 mm) is detected in the infratemporal fossa, and a branch of MMA (diameter 1.5 mm, 50% thinner than MXA, and the running angle is 45° towards the foramen spinosum) is seen 1.6 cm medial to it. The AI algorithm marks it as superficial (superficial to the lateral pterygoid muscle);

[0037] (4) Parameter measurement: The included angle of the sound beam is 50°. Spectra of 5 cardiac cycles are collected. PSV = 55 cm / s (MXA), 22 cm / s (MMA); EDV = 18 cm / s (MXA), 7 cm / s (MMA); RI = 0.63 (MXA), 0.81 (MMA); PI = 1.1 (MXA), 1.5 (MMA). The measurement error is ≤3%.

[0038] (5) Comparative analysis: Matching the male reference database, the diameter of MMA and the PI value are within the normal range, and the CTA three-dimensional reconstruction verifies that the running types are consistent.

[0039] Implementation effect:

[0040] Display effect: For the superficial type of MMA, the display is clear, the blood vessel boundary is sharp, the filling degree of the blood flow signal reaches 95%, and the display rate reaches 88% (18% higher than the traditional method).

[0041] Measurement accuracy: The blood flow parameters have a high consistency with CTA. The errors of PSV and EDV are both ≤3%. The measured values of RI and PI are consistent with the normal ranges reported in the literature (low resistance type for MXA and high resistance type for MMA).

[0042] Typing accuracy: The CTA three-dimensional reconstruction confirms that MMA runs on the superficial surface of the lateral pterygoid muscle, which is completely consistent with the ultrasound judgment, and the typing accuracy rate reaches 92%.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This example provides a color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis method for the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position, which is used for the detection of the deep type of MMA in obese women. The implementation content includes:

[0045] Implementation background: Female, 45 years old, BMI = 28.0 (obese body type), without a history of headache.

[0046] Implementation steps:

[0047] (1) Establishing the sound transmission window: Biting a 4-mm medical silicone bite piece, expanding the infratemporal fossa by 7 mm, with the anteroposterior diameter of the infratemporal fossa being 27 mm (22 mm in the closed mouth position), and the ultrasound shows an enlarged distance between the condyle and the coronoid process.

[0048] (2) Vessel identification: The main trunk diameter of MXA is 3.3 mm, and MMA is detected 2.0 cm medial to it (diameter 1.3 mm, running included angle 55°). Because it is partially blocked by the hypoechoic part of the lateral pterygoid muscle, the AI prompts the deep type (display rate 60%).

[0049] (3) Parameter measurement: The velocity scale is reduced to 10 cm / s, PSV = 60 cm / s (MXA), 25 cm / s (MMA), RI = 0.65 (MXA), 0.85 (MMA), the starting point spacing measured by CTA is 12.0 mm (mean ± 1.5 mm), which conforms to the characteristics of the deep type;

[0050] (4) Elasticity evaluation: The radial displacement of the MMA wall during systole is 0.18 mm and 0.06 mm during diastole, EI = 0.08 (20% lower than MXA).

[0051] Implementation effect:

[0052] Breakthrough in the display of the deep type: Although the MMA is partially blocked by the lateral pterygoid muscle, the deep type MMA was successfully displayed through the low-frequency mode of the convex array probe and the adjustment of the velocity scale, with a display rate of 65% (a 62.5% increase compared to the traditional closed mouth position).

[0053] Value of elasticity evaluation: The elasticity index EI of the MMA is 0.08, which is 20% lower than that of MXA, indicating that its vascular wall compliance is poor, providing a new index for evaluating vascular function and filling the limitation of traditional ultrasound that only measures blood flow velocity.

[0054] Reliability of parameters: Even when the depth reaches 55 mm, the measurement errors of PSV and RI are still controlled within 4%, verifying the applicability of this method in obese body types.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This example provides a color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis method for the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position, which is used for the implementation of optimizing the display rate of the MMA in thin people. The implementation content includes:

[0057] Implementation background: Female, 28 years old, BMI = 20.0 (thin body type), no history of migraine or vascular diseases, and excellent ultrasound image quality.

[0058] Implementation steps:

[0059] (1) Establishing the acoustic window, biting a 3-mm medical silicone bite block (due to the thin body type and shallow infratemporal fossa, there is no need to open the mouth too wide), expanding the infratemporal fossa by 6 mm, measuring the superior-inferior diameter of the infratemporal fossa by ultrasound as 25 mm (20 mm in the closed mouth position), and the anteroposterior diameter as 26 mm, and confirming that there is no bone blockage in the acoustic window;

[0060] (2) Probe selection: Since BMI = 20.0 < 24, a linear array probe (frequency 9 MHz, depth adjustment range 20 - 35 mm) is used, the initial velocity scale is 30 cm / s, the sampling volume is 2 mm, and the carotid artery conditions are set (to improve the resolution of superficial blood vessels);

[0061] (3)Vascular identification: Scanning was performed with a translational movement from the lateral side of the ascending ramus of the mandible towards the cephalic side. The main trunk of the MXA (diameter 2.8 mm) was detected at the mandibular notch in the infratemporal fossa. A branch of the MMA (diameter 1.4 mm, running angle 42°, towards the foramen spinosum) was seen 1.5 cm medial to it. The depth of vascular display was 25 mm, and the blood flow signal was clear without aliasing.

[0062] (4)Parameter measurement: The beam angle was 48° (≤55°). Spectra of 3 consecutive cardiac cycles were acquired (due to stable vascular pulsation in thin patients). PSV = 62 cm / s (MXA), 28 cm / s (MMA), EDV = 22 cm / s (MXA), 9 cm / s (MMA), TAMAX = 35 cm / s (MMA), and the integrity rate of the spectral waveform was 100%.

[0063] (5)Comparative analysis: The device automatically matched the female reference database. The diameter of the MMA was 1.4 mm (female average), and PI = 1.4 (consistent with gender-specific data). Combining with CTA, the walking type was confirmed as the superficial type. The entire detection process took 4 minutes (33% faster than in obese patients).

[0064] Implementation effect:

[0065] Advantages of the acoustic window: In thin patients, the infratemporal fossa is relatively shallow. The semi-open mouth position expands the superior-inferior diameter to 25 mm, and the display rate of the MMA reaches 90% (2% higher than the average display rate). The time taken for measuring the internal diameter and blood flow velocity of the blood vessels is shortened by 30%.

[0066] Blood flow characteristics match: The blood flow parameters of the MMA (PSV = 28 cm / s, TAMAX = 35 cm / s) are consistent with the physiological characteristics of lower vascular resistance in thin patients, and there is no significant difference compared with the normal body type group of the same gender (p > 0.05), and the data repeatability is good.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This example provides a method for color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis of the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position for the implementation of AI early warning function verification. The implementation content includes:

[0069] Implementation background: Male, 55 years old, BMI = 24.5 (borderline body type), with a chief complaint of recurrent headache, and clinically suspected of having a dural arteriovenous fistula.

[0070] Implementation steps:

[0071] (1)Individualized acoustic window adjustment: Bite a 5-mm bite block, the infratemporal fossa is expanded by 8 mm, the anteroposterior diameter of the infratemporal fossa is 29 mm, and scanning is performed using a convex array probe (frequency 3 MHz, depth 40 mm).

[0072] (2) AI-assisted vascular identification. After detecting the main trunk of the MXA (diameter 3.1 mm), the AI algorithm automatically tracks its branches and finds that the diameter of the MMA is 1.6 mm, the running angle is 50°, but the blood flow spectrum is abnormal (RI = 0.88, PSV = 38 cm / s, both exceeding the warning threshold).

[0073] (3) Abnormal signal processing. The device triggers the warning mechanism, displays a red warning icon on the screen, and gives a voice prompt "The resistance index of the MMA is abnormal. It is recommended to conduct a CTA examination for further diagnosis", and automatically saves the current ultrasound image and spectrum data.

[0074] (4) CTA verification process. CT angiography (slice thickness 0.625 mm, matrix 512×512) is performed, and three-dimensional reconstruction shows a dural arteriovenous fistula in the left transverse sinus region. The fistula is supplied by branches of the MMA, which is completely corresponding to the abnormal parameters detected by ultrasound.

[0075] Implementation effect:

[0076] Timeliness of warning: It only takes 15 seconds from detecting the abnormal spectrum to generating a warning report, with an 80% improvement in efficiency compared to manual analysis.

[0077] Clinical value: Confirmed by CTA and DSA (digital subtraction angiography), the location of the fistula of this case of dural arteriovenous fistula is highly correlated with the abnormal blood flow parameters of the MMA (RI = 0.88, PSV = 38 cm / s), and the warning accuracy rate reaches 92%, realizing early non-invasive screening.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] This example provides a method for color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis of the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position for the implementation of gender-differentiated parameter comparison. The implementation content includes:

[0080] Implementation background: Subject grouping

[0081] Male group: 20 healthy males aged 30 - 40, BMI = 22 - 25, with an average of 23.8;

[0082] Female group: 20 healthy females of the same age group, BMI = 20 - 23, with an average of 21.5.

[0083] Implementation steps:

[0084] (1) Unify the detection process. All subjects bite a 5-mm bite block, and use a probe corresponding to their BMI (18 cases in the male group use a linear array probe, and 2 cases use a convex array probe due to being overweight; all cases in the female group use a linear array probe).

[0085] (2) Standardized parameter measurement, measuring the inner diameter of MMA, PSV, EDV, RI, and PI. For a certain case in the male group: the pipe diameter is 1.7 mm, PI = 1.6; for a certain case in the female group: the pipe diameter is 1.3 mm, PI = 1.3;

[0086] (3) Data statistical analysis, summarizing the data of the two groups, and using SPSS 21.0 for independent sample t-test:

[0087] The average pipe diameter of male MMA (1.6 ± 0.2 mm) is 14% thicker than that of female (1.4 ± 0.1 mm) (t = 4.21, p < 0.001);

[0088] The PI value of male (1.5 ± 0.1) is 7% higher than that of female (1.4 ± 0.1) (t = 2.85, p = 0.007);

[0089] (4) Database construction, entering the gender-differentiated parameters into the built-in database of the ultrasound device to form an automatic matching algorithm, and the device can call the corresponding reference range according to the gender of the subject during subsequent detections.

[0090] Implementation effect:

[0091] Data significance: The differences in the MMA pipe diameter and PI value between males and females are statistically significant (p < 0.05). The established gender-specific reference database can reduce gender misjudgment in clinical diagnosis. For example, it can avoid misjudging the normal high PI value of males as vascular stenosis.

[0092] Standardized application: The ultrasound device can automatically match the gender of the subject and generate the corresponding reference value range, making hemodynamic analysis more accurate, especially suitable for the unification of multi-center research data.

[0093] Comparative example 1

[0094] This comparative example provides traditional closed-mouth position ultrasound detection, and the content includes:

[0095] Implementation background: Male, 35 years old, BMI = 24.0, simulating the traditional closed-mouth position (without using bite material).

[0096] The comparison of the results between the proposed solution of the present invention and traditional closed-mouth position ultrasound detection is shown in detail in Table 1.

[0097] Table 1. Comparison of the proposed solution of the present invention with traditional technical parameters

[0098]

[0099] For traditional closed-mouth position ultrasound detection, the condyle in the closed-mouth position blocks the starting segment of MMA, and the probe angle needs to be adjusted repeatedly. The deep type is basically invisible, and the measurement error is large.

[0100] Implementation effect:

[0101] Low display rate: The superficial display rate is only 70% (88% in the present invention), and the deep type is only 40% (65% in the present invention). In 15% of the subjects, MMA cannot be displayed due to complete occlusion of the condyle.

[0102] Large measurement error: The errors of PSV and EDV reach 10%-15%. RI and PI are often misjudged due to incomplete spectral waveforms (completeness rate < 70%), and effective data still cannot be obtained after repeated scanning (taking 12 minutes).

[0103] Functional limitations: It cannot identify the walking type of MMA, let alone have the functions of elastic evaluation and abnormal warning, so its clinical application value is limited.

[0104] Common technical details of the embodiments

[0105] Uniform standard for bite

[0106] Material: Medical silicone, Shore hardness 20-30A, thickness adjustment accuracy 0.5mm;

[0107] Width of occlusal surface: 20-25mm, matching the mandibular notch to ensure a 5-10mm expansion of the infratemporal fossa (Claim 2).

[0108] Core functions of AI algorithm

[0109] Training data: 1200 cases of CTA-MRI three-dimensional reconstruction (including 800 superficial cases and 400 deep cases);

[0110] Recognition accuracy: The superficial display rate ≥ 85%, the deep type ≥ 60%, and the relationship between the automatically marked blood vessels and the lateral pterygoid muscle is determined.

[0111] Consistency of parameter measurement

[0112] Angle correction: The beam angle ≤ 60°, the waveform fitting algorithm removes motion artifacts, and the spectral completeness rate ≥ 95%;

[0113] CTA verification: Layer thickness 0.625mm, matrix 512×512, measurement error of starting point spacing ≤ 0.8mm.

[0114] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.

[0115] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or in a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of this application.

[0116] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically alone, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0117] As described above, this is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0118] Finally: The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis of the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position, characterized in that Including the following steps: S1: First, the patient takes a semi-open mouth position, and a sound-transmitting window is maintained through a bite block to expand the infratemporal fossa; S2: Select a linear array or convex array probe according to the subject's body type and set the parameters of the ultrasonic device; S3: Scan the infratemporal fossa to identify the main trunk of the maxillary artery (MXA) and the branches of the middle meningeal artery (MMA); S4: Measure the inner diameters and hemodynamic parameters of MXA and MMA, including peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), resistance index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI); S5: Conduct a comparative analysis in combination with gender, side, and anatomical classification.

2. The hemodynamic analysis method of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bite block described in step S1 is a medical silicone bite block with adjustable thickness. By biting, the infratemporal fossa is expanded by 5-10 mm, the anteroposterior diameter of the infratemporal fossa is expanded to 25-35 mm, and the superior-inferior diameter is expanded to 18-28 mm.

3. The color Doppler ultrasound hemodynamic analysis method of the middle meningeal artery in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, wherein The probe selection method described in step S2 is as follows: for those with a BMI≥24, a 1-5 MHz convex array probe is used; for those with a BMI<24, a 4-9 MHz linear array probe is used, and the initial velocity scale is set to 30-40 cm / s.

4. The method for hemodynamic analysis of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, wherein The conditions for identifying MMA in step S3 are: originating from the first segment of MXA, with a tube diameter 40%-60% thinner than that of MXA, and the running direction forming an angle of 30°-60° with MXA and facing the foramen spinosum.

5. The method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, wherein, In step S4, the pulsed Doppler mode is adopted, the angle between the sound beam and the blood vessel is ≤60°, the spectra of 3-5 cardiac cycles are continuously collected, and motion artifacts are removed through a waveform fitting algorithm.

6. The method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, wherein It also includes verifying the running type of MMA through three-dimensional reconstruction of CT angiography (CTA), distinguishing between the superficial type (superficial to the lateral pterygoid muscle) and the deep type (deep to the lateral pterygoid muscle), and measuring the starting point spacing between MMA and MXA (11.2±1.5 mm).

7. The method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, wherein The hemodynamic parameters also include time-averaged maximum velocity (TAMAX) and vascular elasticity index (EI). The EI value is calculated through the radial displacement of the blood vessel wall, and the EI value of MMA is 15%-25% lower than that of MXA.

8. The hemodynamic analysis method of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), a gender-specific reference database is established: the average tube diameter of MMA in males (1.6±0.2 mm) is 14% thicker than that in females (1.4±0.1 mm), and the PI value (1.5±0.1) is 7% higher than that in females (1.4±0.1).

9. The method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, wherein The ultrasonic device is built-in with an AI algorithm, trained based on CTA-MRI three-dimensional reconstruction data, automatically identifies MMA and prompts the display difficulty grading, with a display rate of ≥85% for the superficial type and ≥60% for the deep type.

10. The method for analyzing the hemodynamics of the middle meningeal artery by color Doppler ultrasound in the semi-open mouth position according to claim 1, wherein, When it is detected that the RI of MMA>0.85 or PSV>35 cm / s, the device automatically triggers an abnormal blood flow warning, and the warning accuracy rate is ≥90%.

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