Bidirectional recoil hole-forming equipment, bidirectional recoil hole-forming method and gusset plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-way recoil hole-forming device, a two-way recoil hole-forming method and a gusset plate, and is applied to the field of friction welding. The two-way back-punching hole forming equipment is used for machining taper holes in the gusset plate, the taper holes are used for containing the conical friction welding islands, and the gusset plate can fasten and connect a plurality of pieces to be connected through the friction welding technology and matching of the multiple sets of welding islands and the taper holes. The hole forming equipment comprises an ejector rod, an excitation hammer and an instantaneous force execution device. The ejector rod and the excitation hammer are arranged on the two opposite sides of the gusset plate, and the ejector rod is used for continuously abutting against the position to be subjected to hole forming so that the position to be subjected to hole forming can deform in the direction away from the ejector rod. The excitation hammer is provided with a taper punching structure matched with the taper hole; the taper punching structure is arranged opposite to the ejector rod and is used for aligning to a to-be-formed hole position to instantly impact to form a taper hole when the ejector rod instantaneously withdraws force; the ejector rod and the excitation hammer are both connected with the instantaneous force executing device, and the instantaneous force executing device is used for executing millisecond or microsecond-level force withdrawing and applying. The taper hole machining efficiency and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of friction welding. Specifically, it relates to a two-way recoil hole-forming device, a two-way recoil hole-forming method, and a gusset plate. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, as a solid-state joining technology, the friction welding process has been widely applied in fields such as aerospace, rail transit, and shipbuilding. Among them, the construction party can connect multiple to-be-connected parts at the distal end through a gusset plate. To improve the reliability of the connection between the gusset plate and the to-be-connected parts, a large number of taper holes for accommodating conical friction welding islands and molten materials are provided on the gusset plate. Based on the friction welding process, the taper holes can be tightly combined with the conical friction welding islands and the to-be-connected parts through the molten materials, thereby realizing the reliable and stable fixation of multiple to-be-connected parts.

[0003] In the related art, the processing of the taper holes on the gusset plate usually adopts the method of drilling and reaming one by one, and its hole-forming efficiency is not high. Therefore, the processing of the gusset plate, especially the processing of a large number of taper holes on the gusset plate, usually requires a large amount of manpower, material resources, and time costs to complete, which severely restricts the production efficiency of the gusset plate. Therefore, in the field of friction welding, it is urgent to develop a new gusset plate processing technology to alleviate problems such as low processing efficiency, high cost, and unstable quality, and improve the production efficiency and production quality of the gusset plate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a two-way recoil hole-forming device, a two-way recoil hole-forming method, and a gusset plate. For the to-be-perforated position on the gusset plate, by continuously applying a pressing force forward with a push rod and then instantaneously withdrawing the force at a millisecond or microsecond level, and at the same time, the taper punching structure instantaneously applies a force in the reverse direction at a millisecond or microsecond level, punching holes by using the principle of instantaneous switching of the fatigue deformation and stress direction of the plate, it can realize the high-efficiency and high-quality forming of the taper holes on the gusset plate, thereby improving the production efficiency and production quality of the gusset plate and reducing the cost.

[0005] The embodiments of the present application are implemented as follows: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a two-way counter-recoil hole-forming equipment. The two-way counter-recoil hole-forming equipment is used to process tapered holes on a node plate. One tapered hole is used to accommodate a tapered friction welding island. The node plate can tightly connect at least two to-be-connected parts through a friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of tapered friction welding islands and tapered holes. The two-way counter-recoil hole-forming equipment includes a push rod, a firing hammer, and an instantaneous force execution device. Among them, the push rod is arranged on one side of the node plate and is used to continuously press against the position of the node plate where a hole is to be formed, so that the position where the hole is to be formed deforms in a direction away from the push rod; the firing hammer is arranged on the other side of the node plate; the firing hammer has a tapered punching structure matching the tapered hole, and the tapered punching structure is arranged opposite to the push rod and is used to instantaneously impact the position where the hole is to be formed when the push rod instantaneously withdraws force, so as to form a tapered hole; both the push rod and the firing hammer are connected to the instantaneous force execution device, and the instantaneous force execution device is used to execute force withdrawal and force application in milliseconds or microseconds.

[0006] In some embodiments, there are two instantaneous force execution devices. One instantaneous force execution device is connected to the push rod, and one instantaneous force execution device is connected to the firing hammer; the two instantaneous force execution devices are electrically connected through a numerical control synchronizer.

[0007] In some embodiments, the numerical control synchronizer is provided with an advance fine-tuning instrument or a delay fine-tuning instrument.

[0008] In some embodiments, the push rod and / or the tapered punching structure is provided with a reverse-taper concave head, and the reverse-taper concave head is made of impact-resistant high-strength steel.

[0009] In some embodiments, the two-way counter-recoil hole-forming equipment further includes a node plate fixing fixture, and the node plate fixing fixture is used to fix and support the node plate.

[0010] In some embodiments, the instantaneous force execution device is a millisecond-level or microsecond-level electromagnetic force application and withdrawal device.

[0011] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a two-way counter-recoil hole-forming method. The two-way counter-recoil hole-forming method is applied to the two-way counter-recoil hole-forming equipment provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application; the two-way counter-recoil hole-forming method includes: controlling the push rod to continuously apply a pressing force to the position of the node plate where a hole is to be formed, so that the position where the hole is to be formed deforms in a direction away from the push rod; after the push rod continuously applies the pressing force for a preset duration, through the instantaneous force execution device, controlling the push rod to instantaneously withdraw force at a millisecond speed or a microsecond speed, and controlling the tapered punching structure to align with the position where the hole is to be formed and instantaneously impact at a millisecond speed or a microsecond speed, so as to form a tapered hole; the direction in which the push rod applies the pressing force is opposite to the impact direction of the tapered punching structure.

[0012] In some embodiments, the tapered punching structure is controlled to align with the position where the hole is to be formed, and is instantaneously impacted at a millisecond speed or a microsecond speed to form a tapered hole, including: controlling the tapered punching structure to rotationally impact toward the position where the hole is to be formed to form the tapered hole with a dense sidewall lattice.

[0013] In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a node plate, and the tapered hole on the node plate is obtained by processing the bidirectional recoil hole forming equipment provided by any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application; a tapered hole is used to accommodate a tapered friction welding island, and the node plate can fasten at least two to-be-connected parts through a friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of tapered friction welding islands and tapered holes; the node plate includes multiple tapered holes, and the multiple tapered holes are evenly arranged.

[0014] In some embodiments, the surface strength of the tapered hole wall is 1.8 times or more of the plate strength of the gusset plate; or, the surface finish of the tapered hole wall is level 6 or more.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application compared with the prior art are: The present application continuously presses the position of the node plate to be holed by the push rod, so that the material at the position to be holed is initially deformed, which is conducive to the stress superposition in the area to be holed; the push rod instantly withdraws the force and the excitation hammer instantly impacts, which can further concentrate the stress at the position to be holed. Based on the principle of fatigue deformation, the instantaneous high-energy impact is conducive to shortening the processing time of the tapered hole and improving the processing efficiency. The instantaneous impact of the excitation hammer toward the position to be holed combined with the design of the tapered punching structure is conducive to the high-quality forming of the tapered hole on the node plate; on this basis, the millisecond or microsecond response of the instantaneous force execution device can improve the synchronization between the instantaneous withdrawal of the push rod and the instantaneous impact of the excitation hammer, and can more accurately control the timing of withdrawing the force of the push rod and the timing of applying force to the excitation hammer, which helps the push rod or the excitation hammer to quickly switch between loading and unloading states, thereby improving the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of the tapered hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an application scenario in which a node plate according to some embodiments of the present application connects at least two parts to be connected by a friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of tapered friction welding islands and tapered holes; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional recoil drilling equipment according to some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of bidirectional recoil hole forming equipment applied to tapered hole machining and forming in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a bidirectional backflushing pore forming method according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Icons: 1-node plate; 10-tapered hole; 100-position of the hole to be drilled; 2-tapered friction welding island; 3-parts to be connected; 4-bidirectional recoil drilling equipment; 41-push rod; 42-excitation hammer; 420-tapered punching structure; 43-reverse cone concave head; 44-instantaneous force actuator; 45-CNC synchronizer; 46-node plate fixing fixture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish and describe, and do not indicate the order of arrangement, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "overhanging" do not necessarily imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "left", "right", "up", "down", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connected" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the internal parts of two elements.

[0023] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in which a node plate 1 is used in some embodiments of the present application to connect at least two parts 3 to be connected by a friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of conical friction welding islands 2 and tapered holes 10. Figure 1 As shown, the gusset plate 1 can be laid on the same side of at least two components to be connected 3. The gusset plate 1 can exist in the form of a metal plate structure. The gusset plate 1 has a plurality of tapered holes 10 penetrating through both end faces of the plate member, and the central axis of the tapered hole 10 is generally perpendicular to the end face of the gusset plate 1.

[0025] Among them, one tapered hole 10 is used to accommodate one tapered friction welding island 2, and the tapered hole 10 can be firmly connected to the tapered friction welding island 2 based on the friction welding process. Specifically, after the tapered friction welding island 2 is inserted into the tapered hole 10, it is advanced towards the component to be connected 3 in a rotary manner through welding equipment. When the tapered friction welding island 2 rotates and advances, the heat generated and accumulated due to frictional contact with the component to be connected 3 causes the part of the tapered friction welding island 2 in frictional contact with the component to be connected 3 to continuously melt. Further, the melt is squeezed into the interior of the tapered friction welding island 2, the gap between the tapered friction welding island 2 and the tapered hole 10, and the gap between the tapered friction welding island 2 and the component to be connected 3. The melt recombines the tapered friction welding island 2, the component to be connected 3, and the gusset plate 1 to achieve the firm connection of the tapered friction welding island 2, the gusset plate 1, and the component to be connected 3, and further achieve the firm connection of multiple components to be connected 3.

[0026] A two-way counterpulsation hole-forming equipment 4, a two-way counterpulsation hole-forming method, and a gusset plate 1 provided by an embodiment of the present application, as well as the application method of the gusset plate 1 based on the friction welding process provided in the above embodiment, can be widely applied to the field of industrial mechanical equipment and the field of engineering structural components, and can be widely applied to various operation scenarios such as bridge construction and building erection.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 2 to 3 , Figure 2 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the two-way counterpulsation hole-forming equipment 4 shown in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the application of the two-way counterpulsation hole-forming equipment 4 provided in some embodiments of the present application to the processing and forming of the tapered hole 10. Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a two-way counterpulsation hole-forming equipment 4. The two-way counterpulsation hole-forming equipment 4 is used to process the tapered holes 10 on the gusset plate 1. One tapered hole 10 is used to accommodate one tapered friction welding island 2. The gusset plate 1 can firmly connect at least two components to be connected 3 through the friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of tapered friction welding islands 2 and tapered holes 10. The two-way counterpulsation hole-forming equipment 4 includes a push rod 41, an impact hammer 42, and an instantaneous force execution device 44.

[0028] Among them, the ejector rod 41 is arranged on one side of the gusset plate 1 and is used to continuously press against the to-be-punched position 100 of the gusset plate 1, so that the to-be-punched position 100 deforms in a direction away from the ejector rod 41; the impact hammer 42 is arranged on the other side of the gusset plate 1; the impact hammer 42 has a tapered punching structure 420 matching the tapered hole 10, and the tapered punching structure 420 is arranged opposite to the ejector rod 41 and is used to instantaneously impact the to-be-punched position 100 when the ejector rod 41 instantaneously withdraws force, so as to form the tapered hole 10; both the ejector rod 41 and the impact hammer 42 are connected to the instantaneous force execution device 44, and the instantaneous force execution device 44 is used to execute force withdrawal and force application in milliseconds or microseconds.

[0029] Specifically, the force application surfaces of the ejector rod 41 and the impact hammer 42 are arranged opposite to each other and are both aligned with the same to-be-punched position 100 of the gusset plate 1 to be punched; the impact hammer 42 has a tapered punching structure 420 matching the size and shape requirements of the to-be-formed tapered hole 10, and the outer contour of the tapered punching structure 420 can be frustum-shaped.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the ejector rod 41 refers to a force application member that, at the initial stage of tapered hole machining, causes the to-be-punched position 100 to deform towards the punching member by applying continuous pressure; the impact hammer 42 refers to an impact structure that can move and apply force to impact the gusset plate 1 to be punched, so as to form a tapered hole 10 at the to-be-punched position 100 of the gusset plate 1; the tapered punching structure 420 refers to a structure provided on the impact hammer 42 that can make the formed tapered hole 10 initially meet the processing requirements through its own shape, size and other structural designs; the instantaneous force execution device 44 refers to a device connected to the ejector rod 41 and the impact hammer 42 that can quickly respond and accurately control the instantaneous force application or force withdrawal of the ejector rod 41 or the impact hammer 42. The instantaneous force execution device 44 provided in the embodiment of the present application can reach a response speed of microseconds or milliseconds.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the setting of the ejector rod 41 can continuously press against the to-be-punched position 100 of the gusset plate 1, so that the material at the to-be-punched position 100 is initially deformed, which helps the stress superposition at the to-be-punched position 100; the setting that the pressing direction of the ejector rod 41 is opposite to the punching direction of the tapered punching structure 420 can, based on the fatigue deformation principle of the gusset plate 1, reduce the force application requirements of the two-way reverse punching hole-forming equipment 4 for the high-quality and efficient forming of the tapered hole 10, which is beneficial to reducing the equipment cost and simplifying the equipment structure; the instantaneous force withdrawal of the ejector rod 41 and the instantaneous impact of the impact hammer 42 can further concentrate the stress at the to-be-punched position 100 (at this time, the total stress at the to-be-punched position 100 can be regarded as P 总和 =P 顶紧 +P 冲孔), the instantaneous high-energy impact is conducive to shortening the processing time of the tapered hole 10 and improving the processing efficiency. The instantaneous impact of the excitation hammer 42 toward the position 100 to be holed, combined with the design of the tapered punching structure 420, is conducive to the high-quality forming of the tapered hole 10 on the node plate 1; on this basis, the millisecond or microsecond response of the instantaneous force actuator 44 is conducive to improving the synchronization between the instantaneous force withdrawal of the ejector rod 41 and the instantaneous impact of the excitation hammer 42, so as to more accurately control the timing of force withdrawal of the ejector rod 41 and the timing of force application of the excitation hammer 42, which is conducive to quickly switching the force loading and unloading states, thereby improving the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of the tapered hole 10.

[0032] In some embodiments, two instantaneous force actuators 44 may be provided, one connected to the ejector pin 41 and the other connected to the excitation hammer 42; the two instantaneous force actuators 44 are electrically connected via a numerically controlled synchronizer 45. In other embodiments, only one instantaneous force actuator 44 may be provided, which simultaneously drives the ejector pin 41 and the excitation hammer 42 to apply or remove force.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the number of CNC synchronizers 45 can also be set to two, and one CNC synchronizer 45 is electrically connected to an instantaneous force actuator 44; the CNC synchronizer 45 refers to a device that can realize synchronous control of two instantaneous force actuators 44 through CNC technology, and the CNC synchronizer 45 can accurately adjust the action synchronization between each actuator to achieve efficient and reliable operation of the bidirectional recoil drilling equipment 4.

[0034] In the above technical solution, the setting of the two instantaneous force execution devices 44 can realize the independence of the force application and withdrawal control of the push rod 41 and the excitation hammer 42, which is beneficial for the two-way recoil hole-making equipment 4 to flexibly adjust the force distribution according to actual needs, thereby improving the processing efficiency, application flexibility and applicability of the two-way recoil hole-making equipment 4; the two instantaneous force execution devices 4 are electrically connected through the CNC synchronizer 45, so that the movement consistency and coordination of the push rod 41 and the excitation hammer 42 are improved, which not only reduces the tapered hole processing error caused by the asynchronous movement of the push rod 41 and the excitation hammer 42, but also improves the response speed and stability of the overall system.

[0035] In some embodiments, the numerical control synchronizer 45 is provided with an advance fine-tuning instrument or a delay fine-tuning instrument. In the embodiments of the present application, the advance fine-tuning instrument generally refers to a device for adjusting the action time of the ejector rod 41 or the firing hammer 42 in advance, and is applicable to scenarios that require early triggering; the delay fine-tuning instrument generally refers to a device for delaying the action time, and is applicable to scenarios that require delayed triggering; the advance fine-tuning instrument and the delay fine-tuning instrument generally refer to devices installed on the numerical control synchronizer 45 for fine-tuning the action time of the ejector rod 41 and the firing hammer 42, further improving the hole-forming accuracy of the tapered hole 10. Further, the advance fine-tuning instrument can be connected to the instantaneous force execution device 44 connected to the ejector rod 41, and the delay fine-tuning instrument can be connected to the instantaneous force execution device 44 connected to the firing hammer 42.

[0036] In some embodiments, the ejector rod 41 and / or the tapered punching structure 420 may be provided with an anti-taper concave head 43, and the anti-taper concave head 43 is made of impact-resistant high-strength steel. Further, the size and shape of the force application end of the ejector rod 41 and / or the tapered punching structure 420 may match the cross-section of the open end of the tapered hole 10. In the embodiments of the present application, the anti-taper concave head 43 generally refers to a specially designed head structure, which is concave and reverse-tapered relative to the end of the ejector rod 41 or the end of the tapered punching structure 420, and its concave part can be set in the form of a combination of multiple continuous planes (such as a frustum shape), or can be set in the form of a curved surface. The anti-taper concave head 43 can generally better guide the impact force and improve the hole-forming accuracy; the anti-taper concave head 43 is made of impact-resistant high-strength steel, which improves the service life of the ejector rod 41 and the firing hammer 42 and reduces the maintenance cost.

[0037] In some embodiments, the instantaneous force execution device 44 is an electromagnetic force application and removal device at the millisecond or microsecond level. In some other embodiments, the instantaneous force execution device 44 can also adopt piezoelectric technology, hydraulic technology, etc. In the embodiments of the present application, the instantaneous force execution device 44 adopts electromagnetic or piezoelectric technology, has fast response ability and high force output ability, and has a high energy efficiency ratio and reliability. The electromagnetic instantaneous force execution device 44 can generate an instantaneous high force output through the principle of electromagnetic induction, while the piezoelectric instantaneous force execution device 44 can directly convert electrical energy into mechanical energy by using the piezoelectric effect, and both are applicable to scenarios that require instantaneous high force output.

[0038] In some embodiments, the bidirectional recoil hole-forming apparatus 4 further includes a node plate fixing fixture 46, and the node plate fixing fixture 46 is used to fix and support the node plate 1. In the embodiments of the present application, the node plate fixing fixture 46 refers to a component used to fix and support the node plate 1 during the machining process of the tapered hole 10, which is used to improve the machining stability, machining accuracy, and machining reliability of the tapered hole 10 on the node plate 1. Specifically, the node plate fixing fixture 46 may include: an upper hole-shaped supporting ring and a lower hole-shaped supporting ring respectively disposed on two opposite end faces of the node plate 1, and the upper hole-shaped supporting ring and the lower hole-shaped supporting ring clamp the node plate 1 from both sides respectively, so that the overall position of the node plate 1 remains stable during the machining process of the tapered hole.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which is a schematic flow chart of the bidirectional recoil hole-forming method shown in some embodiments of the present application. Please combine Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a bidirectional recoil hole-forming method, and the bidirectional recoil hole-forming method is applied to the bidirectional recoil hole-forming apparatus 4 provided in any of the above embodiments. Among them, the machining and forming method of the tapered hole 10 (i.e., the bidirectional recoil hole-forming method) includes the following steps S110 to step S120.

[0040] S110: Control the ejector rod 41 to continuously apply a pressing force towards the hole-forming position 100 of the node plate 1, so that the hole-forming position 100 deforms in a direction away from the ejector rod 41.

[0041] In this step, the ejector rod 41 presses against the node plate 1 on one side of the hole-forming position 100 and continuously applies a pressing force, so that the hole-forming position 100 deforms in a direction away from the ejector rod 41. At this time, the tapered punching structure 420 of the impact hammer 42 can abut against the other side of the hole-forming position 100, and the tapered punching structure 420 of the impact hammer 42 can also just fit against the hole-forming position 100 but does not apply a force towards the hole-forming position 100 (the applied force magnitude is 0), and the tapered punching structure 420 of the impact hammer 42 can also be spaced apart from the hole-forming position 100 (node plate 1) by a certain distance (the applied force magnitude is 0). If the tapered punching structure 420 of the impact hammer 42 abuts against the hole-forming position 100, its applied force direction is usually opposite to the pressing direction of the ejector rod 41, but the applied force magnitude should be less than the pressing force applied by the ejector rod 41 to the node plate 1.

[0042] S120: After the ejector rod 41 continuously applies a pressing force for a preset duration, through the instantaneous force execution device 44, control the ejector rod 41 to instantaneously withdraw the force at a millisecond-level speed or a microsecond-level speed, and at the same time, control the tapered punching structure 420 to align with the hole-forming position 100 and instantaneously impact at a millisecond-level speed or a microsecond-level speed to form the tapered hole 10.

[0043] Specifically, the direction in which the ejector rod 41 applies the tightening force is opposite to the impact direction of the tapered punching structure 420. The two-way counter-punching hole-forming equipment 4 first continuously applies a force in the forward direction ( Figure 3 from (a) to Figure 3 the A direction shown in (b)) of the ejector rod 41 to tighten the position 100 to be punched, so that the position 100 to be punched on the gusset plate 1 deforms toward one side. Then, the ejector rod 41 instantaneously withdraws the force in milliseconds or microseconds, and synchronously and reversely instantaneously applies a force in milliseconds or microseconds ( Figure 3 the B direction shown in (c)) of the tapered punching structure 420 to achieve reverse shearing in milliseconds or microseconds (preferably microseconds) for the position 100 to be punched on the gusset plate 1, instantaneously switch the stress direction, stagger the metal structure interface of the position 100 to be punched, and under the impact force of the tapered punching structure 420, the metal lattice mutates and the gusset plate 1 is instantaneously punched. After the tapered hole punching is completed, the tapered punching structure 420 withdraws the tapered hole 10 of the gusset plate 1 in the same direction as the direction in which the ejector rod continuously applies the tightening force ( Figure 3 the C direction shown in (d)), and then moves the gusset plate 1 or the two-way counter-punching hole-forming equipment 4 so that the ejector rod 41 and the tapered punching structure 420 are aligned with the next position 100 to be punched on the gusset plate 1, thereby realizing the processing of the next tapered hole 10.

[0044] In the above technical solution, the two-way counter-punching hole-forming equipment 4 unidirectionally and continuously applies a tightening force to the position 100 to be punched, and then instantaneously impacts in the reverse direction in milliseconds or microseconds. The method of realizing the processing of the tapered hole by reverse shearing is beneficial to quickly and high-quality punching of the gusset plate. The hole shape of the tapered hole 10 is regular and the hole boundary is dense, improving the processing efficiency and edge fatigue resistance of the gusset plate 1, and reducing the probability of hole opening weakening and tearing marks.

[0045] In some embodiments, controlling the tapered punching structure 420 to be aligned with the position 100 to be punched and instantaneously impacting at a speed of milliseconds or microseconds to form the tapered hole 10 includes: controlling the tapered punching structure 420 to perform rotary impact toward the position 100 to be punched to form a tapered hole 10 with a dense sidewall lattice. The rotary impact makes the metal lattice dense, reduces the notch effect, and the hole shape of the tapered hole 10 obtained by radial spinning is regular and the hole boundary is dense; the method of rotary expanding the hole, or the processing form of unidirectional spinning and reverse rolling to reciprocally form a valve-like structure is beneficial to forming a microcrystalline grain interface, and the notch effect of the gusset plate 1 is significantly weakened (the notch effect is not significant).

[0046] In other embodiments of the present application, the tapered hole 10 can also be processed and formed by a laser cutting method. The laser cutting equipment sets an appropriate incident angle of the laser beam and the focal position according to the specific shape and size requirements of the tapered hole 10 (such as the diameters of the openings at both ends of the tapered hole 10, the taper angle of the tapered hole, etc.), so that the laser beam generates the required inclination angle for cutting the tapered hole 10 at different depths. First, fix the node plate 1 to be processed on the workbench, adjust the levelness and calibrate the zero position. For thicker plates, preheating treatment can be carried out first to reduce thermal deformation. Then, start the laser cutting equipment and control the inclined laser beam to rotate around the fixed processing axis (usually coinciding with the central axis of the tapered hole to be formed) for one week to cut out the tapered hole 10 at the hole-forming position 100 on the node plate 1.

[0047] In the above technical solution, the method of laser cutting the tapered hole 10 can improve the processing flexibility of the tapered hole 10. Laser cutting can quickly adjust the processing dimensions of the tapered hole 10, which is suitable for the production mode of small batches, multiple varieties, and multiple specifications. Laser cutting is a non-contact processing method, which is beneficial to the long-term use of the cutting equipment. The cutting surface (the circumferential inner wall of the tapered hole 10) obtained by laser cutting is smooth and flat, which helps to reduce the requirements of subsequent processing procedures and improve the processing accuracy of the tapered hole 10.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a node plate 1. The tapered hole 10 on the node plate 1 is processed by the two-way counterpulsation hole-forming equipment 4 provided in the above embodiments of the present application. In addition, the tapered hole 10 on the node plate 1 can also be processed based on the two-way counterpulsation hole-forming method provided in the above embodiments of the present application. Among them, the node plate 1 includes a plurality of tapered holes 10. One tapered hole 10 is used to accommodate one conical friction welding island 2. The node plate 1 can fasten and connect at least two workpieces to be connected through the friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of conical friction welding islands 2 and tapered holes 10. The plurality of tapered holes 10 can be evenly arranged or equidistantly arranged.

[0049] By combining the processing method of continuously pushing the hole-forming position 100 forward by the ejector rod 41 and then instantly withdrawing the force of the ejector rod 41 and the reverse instant impact of the tapered hole-forming structure towards the hole-forming position 100, the processing accuracy of the tapered hole 10 is improved. On this basis, cooperating with the punching method of the rotary impact of the tapered punching structure 420 is also beneficial to form a microcrystalline interface, and the surface strength and smoothness of the circumferential inner wall of the tapered hole 10 can also be further improved. In some embodiments, the surface strength of the hole wall of the tapered hole 10 is usually more than 1.8 times the strength of the plate of the node plate 1; or, the surface smoothness of the hole wall of the tapered hole 10 is usually above grade 6. In some embodiments, the out-of-roundness and relative dimensional error of the tapered hole 10 usually do not exceed one-thousandth.

[0050] Specifically, the gusset plate 1 can be a rectangular metal plate, and each tapered hole 10 penetrates through both end surfaces of the gusset plate 1. The axial cross-section of the inner wall in the circumferential direction of the tapered hole 10 can be straight or curved. The gusset plate 1 can adopt the structural form of a tapered group of holes, and multiple groups of tapered holes 10 are worn and fitted with the tapered friction welding island 2 to form a closely attached component with the tapered friction welding island 2 and the component to be connected, and the tapered holes 10 are arranged at equal distances from each other. Further, the gusset plate 1 can be connected to the component to be connected 3 in a form combining two connection methods of recessive internal connection and explicit spot-fixing marking welding, and the spot-fixing marking welding is usually configured with a segmented and welded connection method with equal distances and equal lengths.

[0051] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A two-way backwashing hole-forming equipment, characterized in that The bidirectional backflush hole-forming equipment is used to process tapered holes on the node plate. One of the tapered holes is used to accommodate a tapered friction welding island. The node plate can tightly connect at least two to-be-connected parts through the friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of the tapered friction welding islands and the tapered holes. The bidirectional backflush hole-forming equipment includes: A push rod, which is arranged on one side of the node plate and is used to continuously press against the to-be-hole-forming position of the node plate, so that the to-be-hole-forming position deforms in the direction away from the push rod. An impact hammer, which is arranged on the other side of the node plate; the impact hammer has a tapered punching structure matching the tapered hole, and the tapered punching structure is arranged opposite to the push rod and is used to instantaneously impact the to-be-hole-forming position when the push rod instantaneously withdraws force, so as to form the tapered hole. An instantaneous force execution device, both the push rod and the impact hammer are connected to the instantaneous force execution device, and the instantaneous force execution device is used to execute force withdrawal and force application in milliseconds or microseconds.

2. The two-way recoil hole-forming equipment according to claim 1, wherein, There are two instantaneous force execution devices. One instantaneous force execution device is connected to the push rod, and one instantaneous force execution device is connected to the impact hammer; the two instantaneous force execution devices are electrically connected through a numerical control synchronizer.

3. The double-recoil hole-forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The numerical control synchronizer is provided with an advance fine-tuning instrument or a delay fine-tuning instrument.

4. The two-way recoil hole-forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that The push rod and / or the tapered punching structure is provided with a reverse taper concave head, and the reverse taper concave head is made of impact-resistant high-strength steel.

5. The two-way recoil hole-forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional backflush hole-forming equipment further includes a node plate fixing fixture, and the node plate fixing fixture is used to fix and support the node plate.

6. The two-way recoil hole-forming equipment according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The instantaneous force execution device is a millisecond-level or microsecond-level electromagnetic force application and withdrawal device.

7. A two-way backflushing hole-forming method, characterized in that, The bidirectional backflush hole-forming method is applied to the bidirectional backflush hole-forming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the bidirectional backflush hole-forming method includes: Controlling the push rod to continuously apply a pressing force to the to-be-hole-forming position of the node plate, so that the to-be-hole-forming position deforms in the direction away from the push rod. After the push rod continuously applies the pressing force for a preset time, through the instantaneous force execution device, controlling the push rod to instantaneously withdraw force at a millisecond speed or a microsecond speed, and controlling the tapered punching structure to align with the to-be-hole-forming position and instantaneously impact at a millisecond speed or a microsecond speed, so as to form the tapered hole; the direction in which the push rod applies the pressing force is opposite to the impact direction of the tapered punching structure.

8. The two-way recoil hole-forming method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The step of controlling the tapered punching structure to align with the to-be-hole-forming position and instantaneously impact at a millisecond speed or a microsecond speed to form the tapered hole includes: controlling the tapered punching structure to perform a rotary impact towards the to-be-hole-forming position to form a tapered hole with a dense sidewall lattice.

9. A gusset plate, characterized in that, The tapered hole on the node plate is processed by the bidirectional backflush hole-forming equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 6. One of the tapered holes is used to accommodate a tapered friction welding island. The node plate can tightly connect at least two to-be-connected parts through the friction welding process and the cooperation of multiple groups of the tapered friction welding islands and the tapered holes; the node plate includes a plurality of the tapered holes, and the plurality of tapered holes are uniformly arranged.

10. The gusset plate according to claim 9, wherein The surface strength of the hole wall of the tapered hole is more than 1.8 times the sheet strength of the gusset plate; or, the surface finish of the hole wall of the tapered hole is above grade 6.

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