Fuel cell control method and device, vehicle and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a control method and device of a fuel cell, a vehicle and a storage medium, the method is applied to the field of vehicles, and the method comprises the following steps: under the condition that the fuel cell of the vehicle enters a hot standby state, controlling the fuel cell to carry out periodic power loading, and meanwhile, obtaining the charging power of a power cell of the vehicle, and judging whether the charging power of the power battery is smaller than preset power output by the fuel cell after power loading, and controlling the fuel cell to enter a shutdown state under the condition that the charging power of the power battery is smaller than the preset power. According to the method, under the condition that the fuel cell enters the hot standby state, the fuel cell is controlled to perform periodic power loading, so that the influence on the performance of the proton exchange membrane due to too low internal humidity of the fuel cell can be avoided, and the influence on the service life of the fuel cell is further avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicles, and more specifically, to a control method, device, vehicle, and storage medium for a fuel cell in the field of vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing shortage of global resources and environmental pollution, environmental protection has become the focus of various industries. The automotive field is also actively exploring new fuels that are both environmentally friendly and energy-saving. As a clean and efficient electrochemical power generation device, fuel cells have attracted much attention. Fuel cell vehicles have become the mainstream of the industry's development, and their safety and economy have also become key topics for automotive manufacturers' research and development. Usually, when there is no need for the fuel cell to output power, in order to reduce the start-stop times of the fuel cell and extend its service life, the fuel cell can be controlled to be in a hot standby state.

[0003] Due to the characteristics of the fuel cell itself, when the fuel cell is in a hot standby state for a long time, it will cause the inside of the fuel cell to become overly dry, which will in turn affect the service life of the fuel cell. Therefore, how to avoid the impact of the hot standby state on the service life of the fuel cell has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a control method, device, vehicle, and storage medium for a fuel cell. When the fuel cell enters the hot standby state, by controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading, it is possible to avoid the impact on the performance of the proton exchange membrane due to too low humidity inside the fuel cell, and thus avoid affecting the service life of the fuel cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, a control method for a fuel cell is provided. The method includes: when the fuel cell of the vehicle enters the hot standby state, controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading; obtaining the charging power of the power battery of the vehicle, and determining whether the charging power of the power battery is less than a preset power; where the preset power is the output power after the fuel cell performs power loading; and when it is determined that the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power, controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state.

[0006] In the above technical solution, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, by performing periodic power loading on the fuel cell, the humidity and temperature inside the fuel cell can be briefly restored, avoiding the impact on the performance of the proton exchange membrane due to too low temperature or humidity inside the fuel cell, and further avoiding affecting the service life of the fuel cell. By judging whether the charging power of the power battery is less than the power after the fuel cell performs power loading, and when the charging power of the power battery is less than the power after the fuel cell performs power loading, controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state can effectively avoid overcharging of the power battery caused by the power output after the fuel cell is loaded, avoiding irreversible impact on the power battery, and can better ensure the safety of the power battery.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading includes: whenever the duration of the fuel cell with zero output power is greater than a first preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be loaded from zero to a preset power; whenever the duration of the fuel cell with the preset power as the output power is greater than a second preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be restored from the preset power to zero.

[0008] In the above technical solution, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, whenever the duration of the fuel cell with zero output power is greater than a first preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be loaded from zero to a preset power can avoid irreversible damage to the proton exchange membrane due to excessive dryness inside the fuel cell, and can effectively ensure that the service life of the fuel cell is not affected. Whenever the duration of the fuel cell with the preset power as the output power is greater than a second preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be restored from the preset power to zero can effectively avoid unnecessary energy waste, and can avoid the overcharging risk brought by the fuel cell output power to the power battery, thus effectively ensuring the safety of the power battery.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration.

[0010] In the above technical solution, by setting the first preset duration to be greater than the second preset duration, it can be ensured that the fuel cell remains in a state with zero output power for a relatively long time, and only performs power loading for a short time. While ensuring that the hot standby state of the fuel cell is not affected, through short-term power loading, it can avoid affecting the service life of the fuel cell due to excessive dryness inside the fuel cell.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the preset power is the output power value when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum value.

[0012] The above technical solution determines the output power value at which the fuel cell's energy conversion efficiency reaches its maximum as the preset power after the fuel cell is power-loaded. This means that each time power-load is applied, the fuel cell operates in its most efficient range, effectively reducing fuel consumption and improving fuel utilization. Power-loading also prevents damage to the proton exchange membrane within the fuel cell due to excessive drying out, thereby ensuring optimal energy consumption while minimizing the impact on the fuel cell's service life.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect and the above-mentioned implementation methods, in certain implementation methods of the first aspect, controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading includes: controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading, and controlling the fuel cell to maintain a hot standby state during the process of the fuel cell performing periodic power loading.

[0014] The above technical solution controls the fuel cell to maintain a hot standby state during the process of periodic power loading of the fuel cell, which can ensure the stability of the fuel cell state, avoid the impact of frequent state jumps on the operation of the hybrid power system, and effectively ensure the stability of the overall performance of the hybrid power system, thereby providing stable power for the vehicle.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect and the above-mentioned implementation methods, in some implementation methods of the first aspect, controlling the fuel cell to enter a shutdown state includes: obtaining the output power of the fuel cell in a thermal standby state; and controlling the fuel cell to enter a shutdown state based on the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state.

[0016] The above technical solution can accurately determine whether the current output power of the fuel cell will cause an overcharging risk to the power battery based on the different output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state, thereby formulating different shutdown strategies in a targeted manner and controlling the shutdown of the fuel cell through different shutdown strategies, which can protect the power battery in a more targeted manner.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect and the above-mentioned implementation methods, in certain implementation methods of the first aspect, based on the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state, the fuel cell is controlled to enter a shutdown state, including: if the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state is zero, the fuel cell is controlled to enter a normal shutdown state with a first shutdown strategy; if the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state is not zero, the fuel cell is controlled to enter an emergency shutdown state with a second shutdown strategy; wherein, the time required to enter the normal shutdown state with the first shutdown strategy is greater than the time required to enter the emergency shutdown state with the second shutdown strategy.

[0018] For the above technical solution, if the output power of the fuel cell is zero in the hot standby state, it indicates that the output power of the current fuel cell will not cause overcharging of the power battery. Then, the fuel cell is controlled to enter the normal shutdown state with the first shutdown strategy that takes a longer time, which can control the shutdown of the fuel cell more safely and smoothly and avoid mechanical shock caused by sudden shutdown of the fuel cell. If the output power of the fuel cell is not zero in the hot standby state, it indicates that the output power of the current fuel cell may cause overcharging of the power battery. Then, the fuel cell is controlled to enter the emergency shutdown state with the second shutdown strategy that takes a shorter time, so as to quickly cut off the connection between the fuel cell and the power battery and ensure the safety of the power battery.

[0019] In a second aspect, a control device for a fuel cell is provided. The device includes: a first control module for controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power pulling when the fuel cell of the vehicle enters the hot standby state; a judgment module for obtaining the charging power of the power battery of the vehicle and judging whether the charging power of the power battery is less than a preset power, where the preset power is the output power after the fuel cell performs power pulling; and a second control module for controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state when it is determined that the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power.

[0020] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the first control module is specifically configured to: when the duration of the fuel cell with zero output power is greater than a first preset duration, control the output power of the fuel cell to be pulled from zero to the preset power; and when the duration of the fuel cell with the preset power as the output power is greater than a second preset duration, control the output power of the fuel cell to be restored from the preset power to zero.

[0021] In combination with the second aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration.

[0022] In combination with the second aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the preset power is the output power value when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum value.

[0023] In combination with the second aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the first control module is further specifically configured to: control the fuel cell to perform periodic power pulling and control the fuel cell to maintain the hot standby state during the process of the fuel cell performing periodic power pulling.

[0024] In combination with the second aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the second control module is specifically configured to: obtain the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state; and control the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state based on the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state.

[0025] Combined with the second aspect and the above implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the second aspect, the second control module includes a control unit, and specifically, the control unit is configured to: if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is zero, control the fuel cell to enter the normal shutdown state according to the first shutdown strategy; if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is not zero, control the fuel cell to enter the emergency shutdown state according to the second shutdown strategy; wherein, the duration required to enter the normal shutdown state according to the first shutdown strategy is greater than the duration required to enter the emergency shutdown state according to the second shutdown strategy.

[0026] In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory is used for storing executable program code, and the processor is used for calling and running the executable program code from the memory, so that the vehicle executes the control method of the fuel cell in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, a computer program product is provided, including: computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, enabling the computer to execute the control method of the fuel cell in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0028] In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, enabling the computer to execute the control method of the fuel cell in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a control method of a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the power change of a fuel cell with time in the hot standby state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of another control method of a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device of a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0034] The technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and elaborately described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Among them, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means "or". For example, A / B may mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more than two.

[0035] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0036] With the intensification of global resource shortages and environmental pollution, environmental protection has become the focus of all industries. The automotive field is also actively exploring new fuels that combine environmental protection and energy conservation. As a clean and efficient electrochemical power generation device, fuel cells have attracted much attention. Fuel cell vehicles have become the mainstream of the industry's development, and their safety and economy have also become key issues in the research and development of automobile manufacturers. Usually, when the fuel cell does not need to output power, in order to reduce the start-stop times of the fuel cell and extend its service life, the fuel cell can be controlled to be in a hot standby state.

[0037] Since the fuel cell stack temperature usually remains at 40°C to 60°C (close to the lower limit of the normal operating temperature) when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, it is usually higher than the ambient temperature. In a high-temperature environment, the residual gas inside the fuel cell may be "dried", resulting in a decrease in the gas humidity inside the fuel cell.

[0038] The proton exchange membrane is the core component of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and its essence is an ion-conducting membrane. The proton conduction of the proton exchange membrane usually depends on hydronium ions. When the moisture inside the fuel cell is insufficient, the ion conduction path is cut off, resulting in a decrease in proton conductivity. And long-term hot standby may cause the proton exchange membrane to become too dry due to humidity imbalance, leading to performance degradation or even structural damage, thereby affecting the service life of the fuel cell.

[0039] Therefore, how to avoid the impact of the hot standby state on the service life of the fuel cell has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0040] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a control method for a fuel cell, which is applied to a vehicle, specifically to the vehicle controller. When the fuel cell of the vehicle enters the hot standby state, this method controls the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading, avoiding the influence of too low humidity inside the fuel cell on the performance of the proton exchange membrane, and thus avoiding affecting the service life of the fuel cell.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, the method 100 includes:

[0043] Step 101, when the fuel cell of the vehicle enters the hot standby state, control the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading.

[0044] Step 102, obtain the charging power of the vehicle's power battery, and determine whether the charging power of the power battery is less than a preset power.

[0045] Wherein, the above preset power is the output power after the fuel cell performs power loading.

[0046] Exemplarily, if the charging power of the power battery is less than the first preset power, then execute step 103; if the charging power of the power battery is greater than or equal to the first preset power, then continue to monitor the charging power of the power battery, that is, execute step 102.

[0047] Step 103, control the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, by performing periodic power loading on the fuel cell, the humidity and temperature inside the fuel cell can be briefly restored, avoiding the influence of too low temperature or humidity inside the fuel cell on the performance of the proton exchange membrane, and thus avoiding affecting the service life of the fuel cell. By determining whether the charging power of the power battery is less than the power after the fuel cell performs power loading, and controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state when the charging power of the power battery is less than the power after the fuel cell performs power loading, it effectively avoids overcharging of the power battery caused by the power output after the fuel cell is loaded, avoids irreversible influence on the power battery, and can better ensure the safety of the power battery.

[0049] Next, the specific implementation manners of each step in the Figure 1 shown embodiment will be described:

[0050] In step 101, when the fuel cell vehicle is in the pure electric priority mode (i.e., pure electric mode), if the vehicle has a continuous high-power request and the discharge power of the power battery is less than the vehicle's requested power, the vehicle's vehicle controller can request the fuel cell to start.

[0051] When the vehicle's requested power is less than or equal to the discharge power of the power battery, the power battery can already meet the vehicle's power demand. At this time, there is no need for the fuel cell to output power, and the fuel cell can be controlled to be in a shutdown state.

[0052] If the vehicle's requested power changes frequently within a certain period of time (such as when the vehicle is in a continuous acceleration and overtaking condition), it may frequently occur within this period that the vehicle's requested power is greater than the discharge power of the power battery, and the vehicle's requested power is less than or equal to the discharge power of the power battery, resulting in frequent start and stop of the fuel cell. Since the service life of the fuel cell is usually affected by the number of start and stop times, in order to extend the service life of the fuel cell, the vehicle's vehicle controller can control the fuel cell to enter the hot standby state.

[0053] It can be understood that when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, it usually does not output power, that is, the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is zero. In addition, compared with the fuel cell jumping from the shutdown state to the operating state, the time taken for the fuel cell to jump from the hot standby state to the operating state is shorter. Therefore, when the vehicle's requested power is less than or equal to the discharge power of the power battery, the fuel cell can be controlled to be in the hot standby state.

[0054] As mentioned above, due to the characteristics of the fuel cell itself, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state for a long time, it will cause the inside of the fuel cell to become too dry, and the proton exchange membrane inside the fuel cell being in an overly dry state for a long time may cause the performance of the proton exchange membrane to decline, thereby affecting the service life of the fuel cell.

[0055] Based on this, the embodiment of the present application can perform periodic power loading to restore the humidity and temperature inside the fuel cell when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state.

[0056] It can be understood that the above-mentioned power loading refers to controlling the fuel cell to output a greater power in a short period of time. By periodically performing power loading on the fuel cell, the electrochemical reaction rate inside the fuel cell can be increased suddenly. As the electrochemical reaction intensifies (such as the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen intensifies), a large amount of liquid water will be generated inside the fuel cell in a short period of time, supplementing the moisture lost by the fuel cell in the hot standby state and restoring the humidity inside the fuel cell.

[0057] Furthermore, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, although the fuel cell maintains a certain temperature, since the fuel cell does not output power externally, less heat is generated internally, and problems such as local temperature drop and uneven internal temperature of the fuel cell may occur.

[0058] By periodically performing power loading on the fuel cell, the electrochemical reaction rate inside the fuel cell increases suddenly, and the heat generated by the electrochemical reaction increases significantly with the increase in the power of the fuel cell, thereby increasing the overall internal temperature of the fuel cell in a short time.

[0059] Restoring the humidity and temperature inside the fuel cell through periodic power loading can prevent the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell from being in an overly dry state for a long time and can effectively extend the service life of the fuel cell.

[0060] In one possible implementation, controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading includes: whenever the duration of the fuel cell with zero as the output power is greater than a first preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be loaded from zero to the preset power; whenever the duration of the fuel cell with the preset power as the output power is greater than a second preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be restored from the preset power to zero.

[0061] It can be understood that, as described above, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, the output power of the fuel cell is usually zero. If the fuel cell is in the hot standby state for a long time and maintains an output power of zero, it will cause the inside of the fuel cell to be overly dry. Based on this, when the duration of the fuel cell with zero as the output power is greater than the first preset duration, the output power of the fuel cell can be controlled to be loaded from zero to the preset power, thereby restoring the temperature and humidity inside the fuel cell.

[0062] The above first preset duration can be set according to the operating duration when the humidity inside the fuel cell is lower than the critical value (when the humidity is lower than the critical value, it means that the inside of the fuel cell is overly dry and may cause irreversible damage to the proton exchange membrane) when the fuel cell operates with zero as the output power. For example, if the humidity inside the fuel cell is lower than the critical value when the fuel cell operates with zero as the output power for 20 minutes (min), the above first preset duration can be set to 20 min.

[0063] The above second preset duration can be set according to the operating duration when the humidity inside the fuel cell is restored to be higher than the critical value when the fuel cell operates with the preset power as the output power. For example, if the humidity inside the fuel cell is higher than the critical value after the fuel cell operates with the preset power as the output power for 5 seconds (S), the above second preset duration can be set to 5 S.

[0064] Furthermore, since the fuel cell enters the hot standby state usually when the vehicle's required power is less than or equal to the discharge power of the power battery, if the fuel cell continuously outputs power at a preset power when the vehicle's required power is less than or equal to the discharge power of the power battery, it may cause unnecessary energy waste and may also pose a risk of overcharging to the power battery.

[0065] Based on this, when the duration for which the fuel cell outputs power at the preset power is greater than the second preset duration, the output power of the fuel cell can be controlled to return from the preset power to zero, thereby avoiding unnecessary energy waste and also avoiding the risk of overcharging to the power battery.

[0066] When the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, by repeatedly executing the following steps: when the duration for which the fuel cell outputs power of zero is greater than the first preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be pulled from zero to the preset power, and when the duration for which the fuel cell outputs power at the preset power is greater than the second preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to return from the preset power to zero, periodic power pulling is achieved.

[0067] In the above method, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, whenever the duration for which the fuel cell outputs power of zero is greater than the first preset duration, the output power of the fuel cell is controlled to be pulled from zero to the preset power. By pulling the output power of the fuel cell, irreversible damage to the proton exchange membrane caused by over-drying inside the fuel cell can be avoided, and the service life of the fuel cell can be effectively ensured. Whenever the duration for which the fuel cell outputs power at the preset power is greater than the second preset duration, the output power of the fuel cell is controlled to return from the preset power to zero, which can effectively avoid unnecessary energy waste and can also avoid the risk of overcharging to the power battery caused by the output power of the fuel cell, thereby effectively ensuring the safety of the power battery.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the above first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration.

[0069] It can be understood that, as described above, the fuel cell enters the hot standby state usually when the vehicle's required power is less than or equal to the discharge power of the power battery. To avoid the fuel cell outputting power when the discharge power of the power battery meets the vehicle's required power and causing unnecessary energy waste, usually the fuel cell can be controlled to output power of zero for a long time (i.e., within the above first preset duration) to ensure that the operating state of the fuel cell itself still conforms to the hot standby state.

[0070] Further, to prevent the fuel cell from being overly dry inside due to zero output power for a long time during the hot standby state, the output power of the fuel cell can be ramped up from zero to a preset power within a short period of time (i.e., within the above-mentioned second preset duration), so as to avoid affecting the service life of the fuel cell due to excessive dryness inside the fuel cell.

[0071] By setting the first preset duration to be greater than the second preset duration, it can ensure that the operating state of the fuel cell still conforms to the hot standby state and can also avoid affecting the service life of the fuel cell due to excessive dryness inside the fuel cell.

[0072] Exemplarily, the first preset duration can be set to 20 min, and the second preset duration can be set to 5 s.

[0073] In the above method, by setting the first preset duration to be greater than the second preset duration, it can ensure that the fuel cell remains in a state of zero output power for a relatively long time, and only performs power ramping within a short period of time. This can ensure that the hot standby state of the fuel cell is not affected, and at the same time, through a short power ramping, it can avoid affecting the service life of the fuel cell due to excessive dryness inside the fuel cell.

[0074] If the above-mentioned first preset duration is 20 min and the second preset duration is 5 s. When the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, when the continuous duration of the fuel cell with zero output power is greater than 20 min, control the output power of the fuel cell to be ramped up from zero to the preset power, and when the continuous duration of the fuel cell with the preset power as the output power is greater than 5 s, control the output power of the fuel cell to be restored from the preset power to zero, and then cycle the above process.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the above-mentioned preset power is the output power value when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum value.

[0076] It can be understood that when the energy conversion efficiency of the above-mentioned fuel cell reaches the maximum value, it can also be referred to as the optimal output efficiency point of the fuel cell.

[0077] The above-mentioned energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell generally refers to the ratio of the electrical energy output by the fuel cell stack to the chemical energy of the input hydrogen.

[0078] Through experimental tests, such as gradually increasing the output power of the fuel cell and recording the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell corresponding to each power point, the output power of the fuel cell when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum value can be determined.

[0079] Exemplarily, if it is determined through experimental tests that the output power of the fuel cell when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum value is 9.56 KW, then the above-mentioned preset power can be set to 9.56 KW.

[0080] In the above method, the output power value when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum is determined as the preset power after the fuel cell performs power pulling, which means that each time power pulling is performed, the fuel cell operates in the most efficient range, which can effectively reduce fuel consumption and improve fuel utilization. At the same time, power pulling can also ensure that the proton exchange membrane inside the fuel cell will not be damaged due to excessive dryness inside the fuel cell, thus avoiding affecting the service life of the fuel cell while ensuring optimal energy consumption.

[0081] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the power of a fuel cell with time in the hot standby state provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0082] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 in which the x - coordinate can represent the time T when the fuel cell enters the hot motor state, and the y - coordinate can represent the output power P of the fuel cell.

[0083] After the fuel cell enters the hot standby state, the output power of the fuel cell is controlled to be zero, and at the same time, timing starts. When the duration of the fuel cell with zero as the output power reaches 1200 s (that is, Figure 2 the time when entering the hot standby state in

[0084] reaches 1200 s), the output power of the fuel cell is controlled to be pulled from zero to 9.56 KW. Figure 2 Then continue timing. When the duration of the fuel cell with 9.56 KW as the output power reaches 5 s (that is,

[0085] the time when entering the hot standby state in Figure 2 reaches 1205 s), the output power of the fuel cell is controlled to be reduced from 9.56 KW to zero. Figure 2 And so on. When the duration of the fuel cell with zero as the output power reaches 1200 s again (that is,

[0086] the time when entering the hot standby state in Figure 2 reaches 2405 s), the output power of the fuel cell is controlled to be pulled from zero to 9.56 KW, and when the duration of the fuel cell with 9.56 KW as the output power reaches 5 s (that is,

[0087] the time when entering the hot standby state in Figure 2 Figure 2 reaches 2410 s), the output power of the fuel cell is again controlled to be reduced from 9.56 KW to zero.

[0086] Furthermore, when the fuel cell is in the hot standby state, the fuel cell is controlled to perform periodic power pulling according to the Figure 2 shown strategy.

[0087] The above Figure 2The schematic diagram showing the change of the output power of the fuel cell over time is only an example.

[0088] In some embodiments, during the process of controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be pulled from zero to a preset power, the output power of the fuel cell can be increased from zero to the preset power at a preset rising gradient; similarly, during the process of controlling the output power of the fuel cell to recover from the preset power to zero, the output power of the fuel cell can also be decreased from the preset power to zero at a preset falling gradient.

[0089] It can be understood that the above-mentioned preset rising gradient and preset falling gradient can be set according to actual needs. For example, the preset rising gradient is set to 5KW / S, and the preset falling gradient is also set to 5KW / S. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0090] Furthermore, during the process of controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power pulling, the output power of the fuel cell will briefly exceed 0. To ensure the smoothness of the vehicle's power output, the fuel cell is controlled to remain in the hot standby state without jumping.

[0091] In a possible implementation manner, controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power pulling includes: controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power pulling and controlling the fuel cell to maintain the hot standby state during the process of the fuel cell performing periodic power pulling.

[0092] It can be understood that during the vehicle's driving process, the power output usually needs to be kept stable and continuous. When the fuel cell performs periodic power pulling, if the state of the fuel cell jumps, it may cause a brief interruption or fluctuation in the power output, thereby affecting the smoothness of the vehicle's power output.

[0093] For example, when controlling the fuel cell to switch from the hot standby state to other states, it is usually necessary to readjust parameters such as the gas supply, voltage, and current inside the fuel cell. During this process, the power output may be unstable, affecting the driving smoothness of the vehicle, and even affecting the power performance and safety of the vehicle under some emergency conditions (such as overtaking and climbing slopes).

[0094] Based on this, keeping the fuel cell in the hot standby state without jumping during the process of the fuel cell performing periodic power pulling can provide stable power for the vehicle.

[0095] In the above method, controlling the fuel cell to maintain the hot standby state during the process of the fuel cell performing periodic power pulling can ensure the stability of the fuel cell state, avoid the influence of frequent state jumps on the operation of the hybrid power system, and effectively ensure the stability of the overall performance of the hybrid power system, thereby providing stable power for the vehicle.

[0096] In step 102, after the fuel cell is subjected to power loading, the output power of the fuel cell will briefly reach the preset power. If the charging power of the power battery is limited at this time, the fuel cell outputting the preset power may cause overcharging of the power battery, thereby causing irreversible damage to the power battery.

[0097] Among them, the charging power limitation of the above-mentioned power battery is usually caused by the power battery being limited in charging power due to high voltage or high temperature, or by the relatively sufficient current state of the power battery.

[0098] Based on this, the charging power of the vehicle's power battery can be obtained in real time, and it can be determined whether the charging power of the power battery is less than the output power of the fuel cell after power loading, that is, the above-mentioned preset power.

[0099] In some embodiments, the vehicle controller can obtain the current state parameters of the power battery, and based on the charging MAP of the power battery, determine the maximum charging current of the power battery corresponding to the current state parameters of the power battery; based on the maximum charging current and the current voltage across the power battery, calculate the charging power of the power battery.

[0100] It can be understood that the above-mentioned charging MAP refers to the corresponding relationship established in advance through a large number of tests between different state parameters of the power battery and the maximum charging current of the power battery.

[0101] Among them, the above-mentioned different state parameters may include but are not limited to the current remaining power (SOC) of the power battery, the battery temperature, and the battery health state (SOH).

[0102] After obtaining the current state parameters of the power battery, the corresponding maximum charging current can be found in the charging MAP, and then according to the power calculation formula P = U×I, the determined maximum charging current of the power battery is multiplied by the current voltage U across the power battery to calculate the charging power P of the power battery.

[0103] Exemplarily, if the current remaining power of the power battery is obtained as 85%, the battery temperature is 23°C, and the battery health state is 90%, based on the above-mentioned charging MAP, the maximum charging current of the power battery can be determined to be 30A. If the current voltage across the power battery is obtained as 300V, the charging power P of the power battery can be calculated according to the power calculation formula as P = 300V×30A = 9000W = 9KW.

[0104] Further, after determining the current charging power of the power battery, it can be judged whether the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power. If the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power, it means that overcharging of the power battery will occur when the fuel cell outputs the preset power.

[0105] In step 103, if it is determined that the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power, it means that overcharging of the power battery will occur when the fuel cell outputs the preset power in the hot standby state. In order to avoid overcharging of the power battery when the fuel cell outputs the preset power in the hot standby state, the fuel cell can be controlled to enter the shutdown state.

[0106] The above shutdown state refers to the state where the fuel cell stops operating and does not generate electric energy. When the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power, by controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state, the fuel supply of the fuel cell can be cut off to ensure that the fuel cell is in a state of not generating electric energy, thereby effectively avoiding overcharging of the power battery.

[0107] In a possible implementation, controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state includes: obtaining the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state; controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state based on the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state.

[0108] It can be understood that, as described above, the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state can usually be any value between zero and the preset power.

[0109] When the output power of the fuel cell is zero, the fuel cell is in a state of not generating electricity. At this time, no energy is input into the power battery. Therefore, regardless of whether the charging power of the power battery is limited, there is no risk of overcharging the power battery.

[0110] When the output power of the fuel cell is not zero (i.e., 0 < output power ≤ preset power), if the charging power of the power battery is less than the output power of the fuel cell, there will be a risk of overcharging the power battery.

[0111] Based on this, different strategies can be formulated according to the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state, and the fuel cell can be controlled to enter the shutdown state according to different strategies.

[0112] In a possible implementation, based on the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state, controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state includes: if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is zero, controlling the fuel cell to enter the normal shutdown state according to the first shutdown strategy; if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is not zero, controlling the fuel cell to enter the emergency shutdown state according to the second shutdown strategy; wherein, the duration required to enter the normal shutdown state according to the first shutdown strategy is longer than the duration required to enter the emergency shutdown state according to the second shutdown strategy.

[0113] It can be understood that the above first shutdown strategy can be the strategy executed when the fuel cell performs the normal shutdown process; the above second shutdown strategy can be the strategy executed when the fuel cell performs the emergency shutdown process.

[0114] The above normal shutdown state refers to the planned shutdown executed according to the normal shutdown process when there is no fault and no emergency risk in the vehicle; the above emergency shutdown state refers to the rapid shutdown enforced to avoid the expansion of the accident when an abnormal risk (such as overcharging, overvoltage, overheating or other safety threats) is detected.

[0115] If the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is zero, it indicates that there is no energy input from the fuel cell to the power battery at this time, and there will be no risk of overcharging the power battery currently. However, if the fuel cell is still in the hot standby state, after the subsequent power draw of the fuel cell, there may still be a risk of overcharging the power battery. Therefore, the first shutdown strategy can be executed according to the normal shutdown process to control the fuel cell to enter the normal shutdown state and avoid the risk of overcharging the power battery.

[0116] If the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is not zero, it indicates that the fuel cell may be in the process of power draw, and the fuel cell will input energy to the power battery, which will pose a risk of overcharging the power battery, especially when the charging power of the power battery is less than the current output power of the fuel cell. Therefore, the second shutdown strategy can be immediately executed according to the emergency shutdown process to control the fuel cell to enter the emergency shutdown state and avoid the risk of overcharging the power battery.

[0117] Exemplarily, the above first shutdown strategy may specifically include the following steps: the first step is to cut off the fuel supply of the fuel cell, such as closing the supply valve of hydrogen or oxygen; the second step is to purge the inside of the fuel cell to remove residual fuel and moisture; the third step is to maintain the coolant circulation until the temperature inside the fuel cell is reduced to the safe range; the fourth step is to turn off the auxiliary equipment inside the fuel cell and control the fuel cell to enter the sleep state.

[0118] The above-mentioned second shutdown strategy may specifically include the following steps: First step, disconnect the power output relay between the fuel cell and the power battery; Second step, cut off the fuel supply of the fuel cell, such as closing the supply valves of hydrogen or oxygen; Third step, turn off the auxiliary equipment inside the fuel cell and control the fuel cell to enter the sleep state.

[0119] It can be seen that compared with executing the normal shutdown process with the first shutdown strategy, when executing the emergency shutdown process with the second shutdown strategy, the step of purging the inside of the fuel cell is reduced. Therefore, the time required to enter the emergency shutdown state with the second shutdown strategy is usually less than the time required to enter the normal shutdown state with the first shutdown strategy.

[0120] For the above method, if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is zero, it indicates that the current output power of the fuel cell will not cause overcharging of the power battery. Then, controlling the fuel cell to enter the normal shutdown state with the first shutdown strategy that takes a longer time can control the shutdown of the fuel cell more safely and smoothly, and avoid mechanical shock caused by sudden shutdown of the fuel cell. If the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is not zero, it indicates that the current output power of the fuel cell may cause overcharging of the power battery. Then, controlling the fuel cell to enter the emergency shutdown state with the second shutdown strategy that takes a shorter time can quickly cut off the connection between the fuel cell and the power battery to ensure the safety of the power battery.

[0121] Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of another control method for a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0122] Exemplarily, as Figure 3 shown, the execution subject of the method 300 is the vehicle's vehicle controller. The method 300 includes:

[0123] Step 301, when the vehicle is in the pure electric priority mode, determine whether to start the fuel cell.

[0124] It can be understood that the vehicle controller can usually determine whether to start the fuel cell according to the vehicle's requested power. If the discharge power of the power battery is greater than or equal to the vehicle's power request, it indicates that the power output by the power battery is sufficient to meet the vehicle's needs, and there is no need to start the fuel cell; on the contrary, if the discharge power of the power battery is less than the vehicle's power demand, it indicates that the power output by the power battery cannot meet the vehicle's needs, and it is necessary to start the fuel cell for power compensation.

[0125] Exemplarily, if it is determined to start the fuel cell, then execute step 302; if it is determined not to start the fuel cell, then continue to execute step 301.

[0126] Step 302, request the fuel cell to start.

[0127] It can be understood that the request to start the fuel cell is usually for the vehicle controller to control the fuel cell to be in the operating state (i.e., the run state).

[0128] Step 303, determine whether to control the fuel cell to stop outputting.

[0129] It can be understood that after the fuel cell is started, the vehicle controller can determine whether to control the fuel cell to stop outputting based on the vehicle requested power and the discharge power of the power battery. If the vehicle requested power is greater than the discharge power of the power battery, the fuel cell needs to continue to output energy, that is, control the fuel cell to continue to output and maintain the operating state; if the vehicle requested power is less than or equal to the discharge power of the power battery, there is no need for the fuel cell to continue to output energy, that is, control the fuel cell to stop outputting.

[0130] Exemplarily, if it is determined to control the fuel cell to stop outputting, then execute step 304; if it is determined to control the fuel cell to continue outputting, then continue to execute step 303.

[0131] Step 304, request the fuel cell to enter the hot standby state.

[0132] It can be understood that the above hot standby state can also be referred to as the "hot standby" state.

[0133] As described above, in the above hot standby state, the fuel cell usually does not output power externally, that is, the output power of the fuel cell is zero.

[0134] Exemplarily, the state where the output power of the above fuel cell is zero is denoted as state 1.

[0135] Step 305, when the fuel cell enters the hot standby state, start timing to obtain the first timing duration.

[0136] Step 306, when the first timing duration is greater than 20 minutes, perform power loading on the fuel cell to load the output power of the fuel cell to the preset power.

[0137] It can be understood that, as described above, during the process of performing power loading on the fuel cell, control the fuel cell to still be in the hot standby state.

[0138] Exemplarily, the state of performing power loading on the above fuel cell is denoted as state 2.

[0139] As described above, the above preset power can be the power corresponding to the optimal output efficiency point of the fuel cell, for example, it can be 9.56 KW.

[0140] Step 307, when the output power is loaded to the preset power, restart timing to obtain the second timing duration.

[0141] Step 308: Determine whether the second timing duration is greater than 5 seconds.

[0142] Exemplarily, if the second timing duration is greater than 5 seconds, control the output power of the fuel cell to return to zero, i.e., execute the above step 304; if the second timing duration is less than or equal to 5 seconds, continue timing and continue to determine whether the second timing duration is greater than 5 seconds, i.e., execute step 308.

[0143] Further, while executing step 304, the following steps can also be performed:

[0144] Step 309: Determine whether the charging power of the power battery is less than a preset power.

[0145] Exemplarily, if the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power, execute step 310; if the charging power of the power battery is greater than or equal to the preset power, continue to execute step 309.

[0146] Step 310: Determine whether the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is state 1.

[0147] It can be understood that, as described above, the state where the output power of the fuel cell is zero is state 1.

[0148] Exemplarily, if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is state 1, execute step 311; if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is not state 1, execute step 312.

[0149] Step 311: Request the fuel cell to shut down normally.

[0150] It can be understood that the above process of the normal shutdown of the fuel cell is as described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0151] Step 312: Request the fuel cell to shut down emergently.

[0152] It can be understood that the above process of the emergency shutdown of the fuel cell is as described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0153] In the above embodiments, when it is determined to control the fuel cell to stop output, the fuel cell is requested to enter the hot standby state, which can avoid frequent start-stop of the fuel cell, and can control the fuel cell to jump to the operating state faster when the fuel cell needs to start running, improving the power response speed of the vehicle. When the fuel cell enters the hot standby state, timing starts to obtain the first timing duration. When the first timing duration is greater than 20 minutes, power loading is performed on the fuel cell to load the output power of the fuel cell to a preset power. By performing power loading on the fuel cell, the humidity and temperature inside the fuel cell can be briefly restored, avoiding the influence of too low internal temperature or humidity of the fuel cell on the performance of the proton exchange membrane, and thus avoiding affecting the service life of the fuel cell. And when the output power is loaded to the preset power, timing starts again to obtain the second timing duration, and it is determined whether the second timing duration is greater than 5 seconds. When the second duration is greater than 5 seconds, the output power of the fuel cell is controlled to return to zero, thus forming a cyclic process, which can effectively avoid unnecessary energy waste and avoid the overcharging risk brought by the output power of the fuel cell to the power battery, thereby effectively ensuring the safety of the power battery. While performing periodic power loading on the fuel cell, it is determined whether the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power. When the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power, according to the different output powers of the fuel cell in the hot standby state, it can be accurately determined whether the current output power of the fuel cell will cause an overcharging risk to the power battery, so as to formulate different shutdown strategies accordingly, and control the fuel cell to shut down through different shutdown strategies, which can more specifically protect the power battery.

[0154] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0155] Exemplarily, as Figure 4 shown, the device 400 includes:

[0156] The first control module 401 is configured to control the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading when the fuel cell of the vehicle enters the hot standby state.

[0157] The judgment module 402 is configured to obtain the charging power of the power battery of the vehicle and judge whether the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power.

[0158] Wherein, the preset power is the output power after the fuel cell performs power loading.

[0159] The second control module 403 is configured to control the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state when it is determined that the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power.

[0160] In a possible implementation, the first control module is specifically configured to: whenever the duration for which the fuel cell outputs zero power is greater than a first preset duration, control the output power of the fuel cell to be pulled from zero to a preset power; and whenever the duration for which the fuel cell outputs the preset power is greater than a second preset duration, control the output power of the fuel cell to be restored from the preset power to zero.

[0161] In a possible implementation, the first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration.

[0162] In a possible implementation, the preset power is the output power value when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum value.

[0163] In a possible implementation, the first control module is further specifically configured to: control the fuel cell to perform periodic power pulling, and control the fuel cell to maintain a hot standby state during the process of the fuel cell performing periodic power pulling.

[0164] In a possible implementation, the second control module is specifically configured to: obtain the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state; and based on the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state, control the fuel cell to enter a shutdown state.

[0165] In a possible implementation, the second control module includes a control unit, and the control unit is specifically configured to: if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is zero, control the fuel cell to enter a normal shutdown state according to a first shutdown strategy; if the output power of the fuel cell in the hot standby state is not zero, control the fuel cell to enter an emergency shutdown state according to a second shutdown strategy; wherein, the duration required to enter the normal shutdown state according to the first shutdown strategy is greater than the duration required to enter the emergency shutdown state according to the second shutdown strategy.

[0166] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0167] Exemplarily, as Figure 5 shown, the vehicle 500 includes: a memory 501 and a processor 502, wherein, an executable program code 5011 is stored in the memory 501, and the processor 502 is configured to call and execute the executable program code 5011 to execute a control method of a fuel cell.

[0168] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further protects a device, which may include a memory and a processor, wherein, an executable program code is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to call and execute the executable program code to execute a control method of a fuel cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0169] In this embodiment, the device can be divided into functional modules according to the above method examples. For example, each functional module can be corresponding, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware. It should be noted that the division of modules in this embodiment is illustrative, only a logical function division, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation.

[0170] In the case of dividing each functional module corresponding to each function, the device can also include a first control module, a judgment module, a second control module, etc. It should be noted that all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be cited in the function description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be repeated here.

[0171] It should be understood that the device provided in this embodiment is used to execute the above control method of a fuel cell, so the same effect as the above implementation method can be achieved.

[0172] In the case of adopting an integrated unit, the device can include a processing module and a storage module. Among them, when the device is applied to a vehicle, the processing module can be used to control and manage the actions of the vehicle. The storage module can be used to support the vehicle to execute relevant program codes and data, etc.

[0173] Among them, the processing module can be a processor or a controller, which can implement or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules, and circuits shown in combination with the disclosure of the present application. The processor can also be a combination that realizes computing functions, such as including a combination of one or more microprocessors, a combination of digital signal processing (DSP) and a microprocessor, etc. The storage module can be a memory.

[0174] In addition, the device provided in the embodiment of the present application can specifically be a chip, a component, or a module. The chip can include a connected processor and a memory; among them, the memory is used to store instructions, and when the processor calls and executes the instructions, the chip can execute the control method of a fuel cell provided in the above embodiment.

[0175] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer program code is stored. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the above relevant method steps to implement the control method of a fuel cell provided in the above embodiment.

[0176] This embodiment also provides a computer program product. When the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to execute the above relevant steps to implement the control method of a fuel cell provided in the above embodiment.

[0177] Among them, the device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product or chip provided in this embodiment are all used to execute the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects in the corresponding method provided above, and will not be elaborated here.

[0178] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, only the above division of each functional module is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0179] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0180] The above content is only the specific implementation manner of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and all should be covered by the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for a fuel cell, characterized in that, The method includes: When the fuel cell of the vehicle enters the thermal standby state, controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading; Obtaining the charging power of the power battery of the vehicle and determining whether the charging power of the power battery is less than a preset power; wherein, the preset power is the output power after the fuel cell performs power loading; When it is determined that the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power, controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading includes: Whenever the duration for which the fuel cell outputs zero power is greater than a first preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be loaded from zero to the preset power; Whenever the duration for which the fuel cell outputs the preset power is greater than a second preset duration, controlling the output power of the fuel cell to be restored from the preset power to zero.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first preset duration is greater than the second preset duration.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The preset power is the output power value when the energy conversion efficiency of the fuel cell reaches the maximum value.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading includes: Controlling the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading and controlling the fuel cell to maintain the thermal standby state during the process of the fuel cell performing periodic power loading.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state includes: Obtaining the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state; Based on the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state, controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The controlling the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state based on the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state includes: If the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state is zero, controlling the fuel cell to enter the normal shutdown state with a first shutdown strategy; If the output power of the fuel cell in the thermal standby state is not zero, controlling the fuel cell to enter the emergency shutdown state with a second shutdown strategy; wherein, the duration required to enter the normal shutdown state with the first shutdown strategy is greater than the duration required to enter the emergency shutdown state with the second shutdown strategy.

8. A control device for a fuel cell, characterized in that, The device includes: A first control module, configured to control the fuel cell to perform periodic power loading when the fuel cell of the vehicle enters the thermal standby state; A judgment module, configured to obtain the charging power of the power battery of the vehicle and determine whether the charging power of the power battery is less than a preset power; wherein, the preset power is the output power after the fuel cell performs power loading; A second control module, configured to control the fuel cell to enter the shutdown state when it is determined that the charging power of the power battery is less than the preset power.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes: A memory, configured to store executable program code; A processor, configured to call and run the executable program code from the memory, so that the vehicle executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed, implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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