Constant-frequency positive-pressure superposition high-frequency oscillation supporting device and method applied to breathing machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a constant-frequency positive-pressure superposition high-frequency oscillation supporting device and method applied to a breathing machine, and belongs to the technical field of medical breathing machines, and the constant-frequency positive-pressure superposition high-frequency oscillation supporting device comprises a monitoring module for monitoring physical state data of a patient; the evaluation module is used for evaluating whether auxiliary sputum excretion operation needs to be carried out or not according to the physical state data; the equipment control module is used for determining ventilation parameters of the ventilation equipment and foam driving parameters of the foam driving equipment according to the body state data; the ventilation equipment is used for providing ventilation airflow and ventilation pressure for the patient according to the ventilation parameters; the lung sputum monitoring module is used for monitoring the lung sputum discharge state of the patient and adjusting foam driving parameters according to the lung sputum discharge state. According to the breathing machine, the combination of ventilation and sputum excretion functions of the breathing machine is realized through a method of combining a foam-driven sputum excretion technology with a ventilation technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical ventilators, and more specifically, to a constant-frequency positive pressure superimposed high-frequency oscillation support device and method applied to a ventilator. Background Art

[0002] A respiratory support system is a device used to assist or maintain a patient's respiratory function. These devices can provide functions such as oxygen supply, respiratory tract ventilation support, or mechanical ventilation, and are used to treat respiratory diseases or maintain a patient's respiratory function during surgery. Common respiratory support devices include ventilators, oxygen delivery devices, respiratory tract aspirators, etc. The respiratory support system is an important device for rescuing critically ill patients. However, for patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU), due to the establishment of an artificial airway, they cannot produce an effective cough, and sputum will accumulate in the respiratory tract, thus endangering life and causing the failure of respiratory rescue.

[0003] Existing respiratory support systems do not have a sputum excretion function, and sputum is a gas-liquid mixture. Simply using negative pressure to aspirate sputum will cause alveolar collapse in patients, and then repeatedly opening small airways and alveoli through constant-frequency positive pressure will cause shear injury. Existing sputum excretion machines use a high-frequency percussion mode, which causes great harm to the lungs and is not targeted. The alveolar frequencies are different due to different inflammatory conditions in the lungs, and sputum adheres to the surface of the trachea and has tension, making it difficult to open the trachea for effective sputum aspiration. External sputum excretion machines such as oscillation vests and other body surface devices absorb most of the oscillation energy by the chest wall and lung tissue, resulting in poor clinical sputum excretion effects.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem for those skilled in the art to provide a device and method that can provide respiratory support while also having a sputum excretion function. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device and method for a ventilator, and the device and method are based on the foam drive principle. By providing the expiratory and inspiratory pressure airflows of constant frequency positive pressure, the small airways and alveoli of the patient are opened to achieve basic ventilation and discharge CO2; at the same time, the high frequency oscillation airflows of small tidal volumes are superimposed to enter and exit the alveoli. Since the compliance of the alveoli at the inflamed site decreases, the time constant is reduced, and resonance occurs with the high frequency oscillation airflows of small tidal volumes to obtain a larger amplitude; thus, the minute ventilation volume of the alveoli is increased, and the alveolar ventilation at the inflamed site is improved; at the same time, the high frequency airflows and the exudative mucus in the alveoli and small airways, through mechanisms such as constriction separation, generate a large amount of foam, reducing the density and viscosity of the liquid-gas mixed mucus, so that the foamy sputum in the airway can move back and forth with breathing under the action of a relatively low constant frequency positive pressure. Since the inspiratory time is short and the expiratory time is long, the sputum gradually discharges from the alveoli - small airways - large airways out of the body with breathing. The method of foam drive sputum drainage combined with constant frequency positive pressure ventilation superimposed with low amplitude high frequency oscillation ventilation realizes the combination of the ventilation and sputum drainage functions of the ventilator.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, the present invention provides a constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device for a ventilator, including:

[0008] A monitoring module, configured to monitor the physical state data of the patient;

[0009] An evaluation module, configured to evaluate whether an auxiliary sputum drainage operation is required according to the physical state data. If the evaluation result is that an auxiliary sputum drainage operation is required, the physical state data of the patient is sent to the device control module; if the evaluation result is that an auxiliary sputum drainage operation is not required, the monitoring module continues to monitor the physical state data of the patient at the next moment;

[0010] A device control module, configured to determine the ventilation parameters of the ventilation device and the foam drive parameters of the foam drive device according to the physical state data;

[0011] A ventilation device, configured to provide ventilation airflow and ventilation pressure for the patient according to the ventilation parameters;

[0012] A sputum monitoring module, configured to monitor the sputum discharge state of the patient's lungs and adjust the foam drive parameters according to the sputum discharge state of the lungs.

[0013] Preferably, the monitoring module includes:

[0014] A basic data acquisition unit, configured to acquire the basic information of the patient;

[0015] A respiratory parameter monitoring unit for obtaining the respiratory parameters of the patient;

[0016] A mobility monitoring unit for obtaining the mobility information of the patient.

[0017] Preferably, the evaluation module includes:

[0018] A sputum accumulation evaluation unit for inputting the basic information and the respiratory parameters into a first evaluation model and outputting a sputum accumulation evaluation result;

[0019] A sputum excretion evaluation unit for inputting the basic information and the mobility information into a second evaluation model and outputting a sputum excretion ability evaluation result;

[0020] An auxiliary evaluation unit for inputting the sputum accumulation evaluation result and the sputum excretion ability evaluation result into a third evaluation model and outputting whether auxiliary sputum excretion operation is needed.

[0021] Preferably, the sputum accumulation evaluation unit includes:

[0022] A storage unit for storing the historical data monitored by the monitoring module; the historical data includes the physical state data and the evaluation results;

[0023] A model training unit for constructing an initial first evaluation model based on machine learning and inputting a data set obtained by preprocessing the basic information and the respiratory parameters to train the initial first evaluation model to obtain the first evaluation model;

[0024] An evaluation unit for inputting the real-time basic information and respiratory parameters of the patient obtained by the monitoring module into the first evaluation model to obtain a sputum accumulation evaluation result.

[0025] Preferably, the sputum excretion evaluation unit includes:

[0026] A first evaluation unit for taking the basic information and the mobility information as the input of a rule model and predicting and outputting a first sputum excretion ability coefficient y1 corresponding to the patient by the rule model;

[0027] A fitting unit for updating and training the fitting model by taking the first sputum excretion ability coefficient y1 output by the rule model as the true value output by the fitting model;

[0028] A second evaluation unit for inputting the basic information and the mobility into the fitting model that has completed the updated training and predicting and outputting a second sputum excretion ability coefficient y2 corresponding to the patient by the fitting model;

[0029] A coefficient correction module, which is used to use the sputum excretion ability reduction coefficient z predicted and output by the classification model as the correction basis to correct the sputum excretion ability coefficient y2 output by the fitting model, and the correction result finally represents the sputum excretion ability evaluation result of the patient.

[0030] Preferably, the device control module includes:

[0031] A constant frequency positive pressure control unit, which is used to configure a first constant frequency positive pressure ventilation signal for the ventilation cycle according to the body state data;

[0032] A high-frequency oscillation control unit, which is used to configure a first high-frequency oscillation pressure signal for the ventilation cycle according to the body state data;

[0033] An atomization control unit, which is used to configure the optimal driving parameters for the ventilation cycle according to the body state data.

[0034] Preferably, the atomization control unit includes:

[0035] A model construction unit, which is used to use the body state data of the patient as input and establish a numerical simulation model for the sputum foaming displacement control of the patient by using a numerical simulator;

[0036] An optimal parameter selection unit, which is used to design a set of solutions with the sputum viscosity and the sputum descent amplitude as constraint conditions, the displacement control time and the total amount of foam foaming agent injection as variables, simulate and run each solution through the established numerical simulation model for sputum foaming displacement control, and obtain the optimal displacement control time and the recommended optimal dose of foam foaming agent corresponding to each solution. The optimal displacement control timing and the optimal dose of foam foaming agent form the optimal driving parameters.

[0037] Preferably, the ventilation device includes:

[0038] A constant frequency positive pressure device, which is used to calculate a first pressure value and a first flow value according to the first constant frequency positive pressure communication signal, and provide a first pressure and a first flow of gas according to the first pressure value and the first flow value;

[0039] A high-frequency oscillation device, which is used to calculate a first oscillation amplitude value according to the first high-frequency oscillation pressure signal and provide a first high-frequency oscillation pressure according to the first oscillation amplitude value;

[0040] An atomization device, which is used to provide an atomized foam foaming agent according to the optimal driving parameters.

[0041] Preferably, the sputum monitoring module includes:

[0042] A sputum monitoring unit, which is used to obtain the sputum state in real time and send it to the atomization control unit;

[0043] A device monitoring unit for obtaining the device parameters of the constant-frequency positive pressure device and the high-frequency oscillation device in real time;

[0044] An optimization unit for calculating the differences between the device parameters and a first pressure value, a first flow rate value, and a first oscillation amplitude value based on the device parameters obtained in real time, obtaining a second pressure value, a second flow rate value, and a second oscillation amplitude value according to the differences, and controlling the constant-frequency positive pressure device and the high-frequency oscillation device according to the second pressure value, the second flow rate value, and the second oscillation amplitude value.

[0045] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for supporting constant-frequency positive pressure superimposed on high-frequency oscillation applied to a ventilator. The method is applied to a device for supporting constant-frequency positive pressure superimposed on high-frequency oscillation applied to a ventilator as described in any one of the above, and includes the following steps:

[0046] Obtain the physical state data of the patient;

[0047] Evaluate whether an assisted sputum drainage operation is required according to the physical state data. If the evaluation result is that an assisted sputum drainage operation is required, send the physical state data of the patient to the device control module; if the evaluation result is that an assisted sputum drainage operation is not required, the monitoring module continues to monitor the physical state data of the patient at the next moment;

[0048] Determine the ventilation parameters of the ventilation device and the foam driving parameters of the foam driving device according to the physical state data;

[0049] Provide ventilation airflow and ventilation pressure for the patient according to the ventilation parameters;

[0050] Monitor the state of sputum discharge from the lungs of the patient, and adjust the foam driving parameters according to the state of sputum discharge from the lungs.

[0051] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a device and method for supporting constant-frequency positive pressure superimposed on high-frequency oscillation applied to a ventilator. First, through the method of combining foam-driven sputum drainage technology with ventilation technology, the combination of the ventilation and sputum drainage functions of the ventilator is realized. Furthermore, on the basis of constant-frequency positive pressure ventilation, low-amplitude high-frequency oscillation ventilation is superimposed. The bronchi are distributed in a tree-like shape, which is easier to generate foam, reduce the foam density, make it easier to be driven by a smaller pressure, easier to flow and discharge, and generate more bubbles during exhalation, making it easier to aspirate sputum. Description of the Drawings

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a detailed structural diagram of the monitoring module and the evaluation module in the system of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 A specific structural diagram of an evaluation model in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 This is a detailed structural diagram of the device control module, ventilation equipment, and sputum monitoring module in the system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device and method for a ventilator. By designing and improving the breathing mode, combined with the characteristics of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) airflow efficiently generating a large amount of mucus foam in the pneumonia area, the efficiency of foam generation under constant frequency positive pressure ventilation (CMV) conditions is improved. The high frequency oscillating airflow or high frequency jet airflow of the ventilator is superimposed on the constant frequency positive pressure ventilation of the ventilator to form a positive pressure oscillation composite waveform with adjustable frequency and amplitude. Utilizing the principle of foam drive technology, when ventilation is used, positive pressure causes expansion of the airways and alveoli at all levels of the patient's lungs, and the airflow shears the mucus plane of the alveoli, alveolar ducts and distal bronchioles to produce a bubbling effect, and foam mass transfer flow occurs along the exhalation direction. While improving the patient's ventilation, the mucus is discharged from the respiratory tract step by step along the airway, achieving the effect of expectoration using a respiratory device.

[0059] The key to the easy movement of foamed mucus is that the mucus undergoes volume expansion, density reduction and viscosity reduction. According to Poiseuille's law, the resistance formula The resistance of the fluid in the pipeline is proportional to the fluid viscosity coefficient (i.e., the absolute viscosity, usually expressed as μ) and the length of the migration pipeline (Δx), and inversely proportional to the fourth power of the pipeline diameter. The fluid viscosity coefficient η (the absolute viscosity is μ) of the fluid is proportional to the density (ρ) and kinematic viscosity (ν) of the fluid, that is, ν = μ / ρ. After the mucus in the lungs is foamed, the density (ρ) of the two-phase mixture of liquid and gas will be greatly reduced, and the absolute viscosity (μ) of the liquid-gas mixture will be reduced, thereby changing the rheological properties of the foam fluid, making the liquid easier to move under the same pressure. After a large amount of foam is generated, these foams are in the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts, respiratory bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles in the pulmonary lobules. Under the action of the expiratory pressure airflow, foaming occurs. After the volume expands, foam seepage appears, adhering to and taking away the sputum components with higher viscosity, entering the small airways and large airways. Such a situation makes the airways blocked by sputum gradually reopen.

[0060] The exudate in the inflammatory part of the lungs forms a large amount of foam in the microchannels such as alveoli and small airways under the action of the HFOV airflow, reducing the average density (ρ) of the liquid-gas mixed fluid, and indirectly achieving the effect of reducing the absolute viscosity (μ) of the liquid-gas mixed fluid. At the same time, sufficient humidification of the airways will reduce the concentration of mucin in the mucus, further reducing the kinematic viscosity (ν) of the sputum, making the foam mucus easily driven by the airflow pressure.

[0061] Recognizing such a mechanism, we improve the mode of the ventilator, use the foam displacement principle to make the alveoli reinflate and the blocked airways reopen, use positive end-expiratory pressure to drive the foam mucus to accumulate from the alveoli to the small airways and large airways. While achieving lung-protective ventilation, effectively achieve lung recruitment, prevent airway collapse, and better achieve oxygen exchange and carbon dioxide excretion. Reduce the impact of lung inflammation on patients and promote the recovery of patients.

[0062] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device applied to a ventilator, as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0063] A monitoring module for monitoring the physical state data of the patient; the monitoring module includes the patient physical data collected by reading the external monitoring instrument and a data input device such as a computer that can directly input the physical state data of the patient. For example, the external monitoring instrument can be a finger clip type, patch type or wearable acquisition component, directly connected to the patient's body, so as to directly obtain the patient's physical data and monitor the patient's physical state in real time. Another example is that the external monitoring instrument can also be connected to other external monitoring devices such as an electrocardiogram monitor through a data cable to obtain more comprehensive physical data of the patient. It can be understood that the connected external monitoring instrument must be able to support data output.

[0064] The evaluation module is used to evaluate whether an assisted expectoration operation is required based on the physical condition data. If the evaluation result shows that an assisted expectoration operation is required, the patient's physical condition data is sent to the device control module; if the evaluation result shows that an assisted expectoration operation is not required, the monitoring module continues to monitor the patient's physical condition data at the next moment;

[0065] a device control module, configured to determine ventilation parameters of the ventilation device and foam driving parameters of the foam driving device according to the body state data;

[0066] Since the frequency of high-frequency oscillation ventilation set clinically is the frequency of high-frequency oscillation airflow, which is close to the corner frequency [fc] of the alveoli in the inflamed part of the lung (the alveolar compliance in this part is poor), the airflow in and out of the inflamed alveoli resonates, and the amplitude is much greater than that of the alveoli in normal parts (the alveolar compliance in this part is good).

[0067] High-frequency oscillatory ventilation has the following characteristics: low tidal volume, high flow rate (turbulence), asymmetric inspiratory flow rate (high-speed expiratory flow aligns with airway boundaries), high shear forces at all airway levels, pendular ventilation (Pendelluft) between alveoli with different time constants (inflamed and non-inflamed areas), and relatively high minute ventilation. These characteristics all favor mucus foaming in these areas. Therefore, we believe that high-frequency oscillatory ventilation is an ideal mode for lung foaming in pneumonia. However, the attenuation of pressure transmission within the airways by high-frequency oscillatory airflow makes this mode lack the driving force for the migration of foamy mucus. In areas where air resistance occurs, the pressure transmitted to the small airways and alveoli is low, resulting in a lack of penetration and inability to ensure lung ventilation in these areas. In the large airways and proximal alveoli, large amplitudes and high attenuation pressures can easily lead to volume and pressure trauma.

[0068] Normal-frequency positive pressure ventilation has the following characteristics: long inspiratory time (Ti) and expiratory time (Te), large driving pressure (ΔP) that does not decay in unobstructed airways, good pressure conduction and good mucus penetration properties, which are conducive to breaking through the air resistance caused by a large amount of mucus and bubbles in the narrow airways at all levels (Jiamin effect). It utilizes the inconsistency of the ratio of inspiratory and expiratory time of normal-frequency exhalation to promote the migration of foamy mucus along the alveoli-small airways-large airways.

[0069] During the inspiratory phase, the inspiratory pressure (PIP) of normal-frequency positive pressure ventilation reaches the alveoli, opening most normal alveoli and some inflamed alveoli with good compliance. The addition of low-amplitude, high-frequency oscillating airflow on this basis helps open alveoli that have collapsed due to inflammatory exudation and ventilate and bleb out mucus within the alveoli without causing over-expansion and damage to normal alveoli. This achieves complementary advantages in alveolar ventilation and mucus removal between the two breathing modes.

[0070] During the inspiratory phase when the mean airway pressure (MAP) is PIP (inspiratory pressure), the patient's lung volume is at a relatively high level, the compliance is close to the inflection point of the upper limit, the pipeline is relatively rigid, and the energy loss of oscillatory conduction is small. The high-frequency oscillation amplitude superimposed on PIP can be better conducted to the collapsed alveoli, achieving a larger high-frequency oscillation amplitude, which helps to open these collapsed lung tissues, causing airway reopening and alveolar recruitment; the amplitude of alveoli in normal areas is small, and the high-frequency oscillatory airflow is relatively less, mainly opened by the PIP inspiratory airflow itself. At the same time, due to the attenuation characteristics of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation pressure in the airway, the high-frequency oscillation pressure superimposed on conventional positive pressure ventilation acts more on large airways and small airways, easily exceeding the limit value, resulting in barotrauma of large airways and small airways. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the maximum pressure of the high-pressure part superimposed on conventional positive pressure, so that it does not exceed the upper limit of volume guarantee (VG) and maximum pressure limit under the conditions of conventional positive pressure ventilation. Thus, on the basis of ensuring safety, we can enable the patient to obtain the maximum sputum excretion treatment effect and comfort, and benefit the patient.

[0071] During the expiratory phase when the MAP (mean airway pressure) is PEEP (low mean airway pressure level), the patient's lung volume is at a relatively low level, the compliance is close to the inflection point of the lower limit, the pipeline is a bit softer, and the energy loss of oscillatory conduction is slightly larger. The high-frequency amplitude superimposed on PEEP can also be better conducted to the collapsed alveoli, achieving a larger high-frequency oscillation amplitude, which helps to open these collapsed lung tissues, causing airway reopening and alveolar recruitment; the amplitude of alveoli in normal areas is small, and the high-frequency oscillatory airflow is relatively less, mainly driven by the expiratory airflow for exhaust. At the same time, during exhalation, the alveoli retract, and the small tidal volume oscillatory airflow contacts and mixes with mucus mainly in the micro airways and small airways to form bubbles, playing the role of sputum foaming, and resonating with the cilia of small airways to promote mucus excretion. Since a certain PEEP is set to ensure sufficient functional residual capacity (FRC) and prevent lung collapse, therefore, the superimposed HFOV during the expiratory phase is relatively safe, without the risk of pressure injury caused by obvious airway collapse and without the risk of obvious volume injury.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of conventional positive pressure ventilation, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation is superimposed. Its safety is improved by reducing the high-frequency amplitude and the maximum pressure limit, and the best resonance frequency is achieved by adjusting the frequency, enabling the sputum in the lungs to be quickly foamed and driven out under the expiratory pressure of conventional positive pressure ventilation.

[0073] A ventilation device for providing ventilation airflow and ventilation pressure to a patient according to ventilation parameters;

[0074] A sputum monitoring module for monitoring the sputum excretion status of the patient and adjusting the foam driving parameters according to the sputum excretion status of the lungs.

[0075] In another embodiment, such asFigure 2 As shown, the monitoring module includes:

[0076] A basic data acquisition unit for acquiring the basic information of the patient; the basic information includes age, height, weight, body mass index, body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation, disease conditions, surgical conditions, etc.

[0077] A respiratory parameter monitoring unit for acquiring the respiratory parameters of the patient; the respiratory parameters include vital capacity, respiratory rate, tidal volume, maximum expiratory flow rate, etc.

[0078] A mobility monitoring unit for acquiring the mobility information of the patient, and the mobility information includes the maximum movement amplitude of the patient, the maximum vibration amplitude that the patient's chest can withstand, etc.

[0079] In another embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the evaluation module includes:

[0080] A sputum accumulation evaluation unit for inputting the basic information and respiratory parameters into a first evaluation model and outputting a sputum accumulation evaluation result;

[0081] A sputum excretion evaluation unit for inputting the basic information and mobility information into a second evaluation model and outputting a sputum excretion ability evaluation result;

[0082] An auxiliary evaluation unit for inputting the sputum accumulation evaluation result and the sputum excretion ability evaluation result into a third evaluation model and outputting whether auxiliary sputum excretion operation is required.

[0083] In another embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the sputum accumulation evaluation unit includes:

[0084] A storage unit for storing the historical data monitored by the monitoring module; the historical data includes body status data and evaluation results;

[0085] A model training unit for constructing an initial first evaluation model based on machine learning and inputting a data set obtained by preprocessing the basic information and respiratory parameters to train the initial first evaluation model to obtain the first evaluation model;

[0086] An evaluation unit for inputting the real-time basic information and respiratory parameters of the patient obtained by the monitoring module into the first evaluation model to obtain a sputum accumulation evaluation result.

[0087] Specifically: randomly divide the data set into a training data set and a test data set; use the training data set to train the initial first evaluation model, continuously adjust the model parameters, and find a suitable parameter combination to minimize the loss function to the greatest extent; the training aim is to find a set of parameters such that the model can well fit the training data and show good generalization performance on the test data set; then use the confusion matrix to preliminarily evaluate the model performance through the operating characteristic curve.

[0088] In another embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the sputum excretion evaluation unit includes:

[0089] The first evaluation unit is used to take the basic information and activity ability information as the input of the rule model, and the rule model predicts and outputs the corresponding first sputum excretion ability coefficient y1 of the patient;

[0090] The fitting unit is used to update and train the fitting model with the first sputum excretion ability coefficient y1 output by the rule model as the true value output by the fitting model;

[0091] The second evaluation unit is used to input the basic information and activity ability into the fitting model that has completed the updated training, and the fitting model predicts and outputs the corresponding second sputum excretion ability coefficient y2 of the patient;

[0092] The coefficient correction module is used to use the sputum excretion ability reduction coefficient z predicted and output by the classification model as the correction basis to correct the sputum excretion ability coefficient y2 output by the fitting model, and the correction result finally represents the sputum excretion ability evaluation result of the patient. The correction method can be expressed by the following formula:

[0093] yy = y2 × z

[0094] where, yy represents the correction result; y2 represents the sputum excretion ability coefficient output by the fitting model; z represents the sputum excretion ability reduction coefficient predicted and output by the classification model.

[0095] In another embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the device control module includes:

[0096] The constant frequency positive pressure control unit is used to configure the first constant frequency positive pressure ventilation signal for the ventilation cycle according to the body state data;

[0097] The high frequency oscillation control unit is used to configure the first high frequency oscillation pressure signal for the ventilation cycle according to the body state data;

[0098] The atomization control unit is used to configure the optimal driving parameters for the ventilation cycle according to the body state data.

[0099] In another embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the atomization control unit includes:

[0100] A model building unit is used to use the patient's physical condition data as input and establish a patient's sputum foaming and displacement numerical simulation model using a numerical simulator;

[0101] The optimal parameter selection unit is used to design a scheme group with sputum viscosity and sputum reduction range as constraints, and adjustment and displacement time and the total amount of foam foaming agent injected as variables. Each scheme is simulated and run by the established sputum foaming adjustment and displacement numerical simulation model to obtain the optimal adjustment and displacement time and the optimal foam foaming agent dosage corresponding to each scheme. The optimal adjustment and displacement timing and the optimal foam foaming agent dosage constitute the optimal driving parameters.

[0102] In another embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, ventilation equipment includes:

[0103] a constant frequency positive pressure device, configured to calculate a first pressure value and a first flow value according to the first constant frequency positive pressure communication signal, and provide a first pressure and a first flow value of the gas according to the first pressure value and the first flow value;

[0104] a high-frequency oscillation device for calculating a first oscillation amplitude value according to the first high-frequency oscillation pressure signal and providing a first high-frequency oscillation pressure according to the first oscillation amplitude value;

[0105] The atomizing device is used to provide atomized foam blowing agent according to optimal driving parameters.

[0106] In another embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the sputum monitoring module includes:

[0107] Sputum monitoring unit, used to obtain sputum status in real time and send it to the atomization control unit;

[0108] Equipment monitoring unit, used to obtain equipment parameters of the constant frequency positive pressure device and high frequency oscillation device in real time;

[0109] The optimization unit is used to calculate the difference between the equipment parameters and the first pressure value, the first flow value, and the first oscillation amplitude value based on the real-time acquired equipment parameters, obtain the second pressure value, the second flow value, and the second oscillation amplitude value based on the difference, and control the constant frequency positive pressure device and the high frequency oscillation device based on the second pressure value, the second flow value, and the second oscillation amplitude value.

[0110] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for supporting a ventilator with a constant frequency positive pressure superimposed on a high frequency oscillation, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned constant frequency positive pressure superimposed on a high frequency oscillation support device for a ventilator, comprising the following steps:

[0111] Obtaining patient's physical status data;

[0112] Evaluate whether assisted sputum drainage operation is required based on the body status data. If the evaluation result is that assisted sputum drainage operation is required, send the patient's body status data to the device control module; if the evaluation result is that assisted sputum drainage operation is not required, the monitoring module continues to monitor the patient's body status data at the next moment;

[0113] Determine the ventilation parameters of the ventilation device and the foam driving parameters of the foam driving device according to the body status data;

[0114] Provide the patient with ventilation airflow and ventilation pressure according to the ventilation parameters;

[0115] Monitor the sputum discharge status of the patient's lungs and adjust the foam driving parameters according to the sputum discharge status of the lungs.

[0116] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method part.

[0117] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device applied to a ventilator, characterized in that, Including: A monitoring module, configured to monitor the physical state data of a patient; An evaluation module, configured to evaluate whether an assisted sputum drainage operation is required according to the physical state data. If the evaluation result indicates that an assisted sputum drainage operation is required, the physical state data of the patient is sent to the device control module; if the evaluation result indicates that an assisted sputum drainage operation is not required, the monitoring module continues to monitor the physical state data of the patient at the next moment; A device control module, configured to determine the ventilation parameters of a ventilation device and the foam driving parameters of a foam driving device according to the physical state data; A ventilation device, configured to provide a ventilation airflow and a ventilation pressure for the patient according to the ventilation parameters; A pulmonary sputum monitoring module, configured to monitor the pulmonary sputum discharge state of the patient and adjust the foam driving parameters according to the pulmonary sputum discharge state.

2. The constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device for a ventilator according to claim 1, wherein The monitoring module includes: A basic data acquisition unit, configured to acquire the basic information of the patient; A respiratory parameter monitoring unit, configured to acquire the respiratory parameters of the patient; An activity ability monitoring unit, configured to acquire the activity ability information of the patient.

3. The constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device applied to a ventilator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The evaluation module includes: A sputum accumulation evaluation unit, configured to input the basic information and the respiratory parameters into a first evaluation model and output a sputum accumulation evaluation result; A sputum drainage evaluation unit, configured to input the basic information and the activity ability information into a second evaluation model and output a sputum drainage ability evaluation result; An auxiliary evaluation unit, configured to input the sputum accumulation evaluation result and the sputum drainage ability evaluation result into a third evaluation model and output whether an assisted sputum drainage operation is required.

4. A constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device applied to a ventilator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sputum accumulation evaluation unit includes: A storage unit, configured to store historical data; the historical data includes the physical state data and the evaluation result; A model training unit, configured to construct an initial first evaluation model based on machine learning and input a data set obtained by preprocessing the basic information and the respiratory parameters to train the initial first evaluation model to obtain a first evaluation model; An evaluation unit, configured to input the real-time basic information and respiratory parameters of the patient obtained by the monitoring module into the first evaluation model to obtain a sputum accumulation evaluation result.

5. The constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device for a ventilator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sputum drainage evaluation unit includes: A first evaluation unit, configured to use the basic information and the activity ability information as the input of a rule model, and predict and output a first sputum drainage ability coefficient y1 corresponding to the patient by the rule model; A fitting unit, configured to update and train the fitting model by using the first sputum drainage ability coefficient y1 output by the rule model as the true value output by the fitting model; A second evaluation unit, configured to input the basic information and the activity ability into the fitting model that has completed the updated training, and predict and output a second sputum drainage ability coefficient y2 corresponding to the patient by the fitting model; A coefficient correction module, configured to use the sputum drainage ability reduction coefficient z predicted and output by a classification model as a correction basis to correct the drainage ability coefficient y2 output by the fitting model, and the correction result finally represents the sputum drainage ability evaluation result of the patient.

6. The constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device applied to a ventilator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device control module includes: A constant frequency positive pressure control unit, configured to configure a first constant frequency positive pressure ventilation signal for a ventilation cycle according to the physical state data; A high-frequency oscillation control unit for configuring a first high-frequency oscillation pressure signal for a ventilation cycle according to the body state data; An atomization control unit for configuring an optimal driving parameter for a ventilation cycle according to the body state data.

7. The constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device applied to a ventilator according to claim 6, wherein The atomization control unit includes: A model construction unit for using the body state data of the patient as input and establishing a numerical simulation model for the regulation and drive of sputum foaming of the patient by using a numerical simulator; An optimal parameter selection unit for designing a set of solutions with the sputum viscosity and the sputum descent amplitude as constraint conditions and the regulation time and the total amount of foam foaming agent injection as variables, simulating the operation of each solution through the established numerical simulation model for the regulation and drive of sputum foaming, obtaining the optimal regulation time and the dose of the optimal foam foaming agent corresponding to each solution, and the optimal regulation timing and the dose of the optimal foam foaming agent form an optimal driving parameter.

8. The constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device for a ventilator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ventilation device includes: A conventional frequency positive pressure device for calculating a first pressure value and a first flow value according to the first conventional frequency positive pressure communication signal and providing a first pressure and a first flow of gas according to the first pressure value and the first flow value; A high-frequency oscillation device for calculating a first oscillation amplitude value according to the first high-frequency oscillation pressure signal and providing a first high-frequency oscillation pressure according to the first oscillation amplitude value; An atomization device for providing an atomized foam foaming agent according to the optimal driving parameter.

9. The constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support device applied to a ventilator according to claim 8, wherein, It is characterized in that The sputum monitoring module includes: A sputum monitoring unit for obtaining the sputum state in real time and sending it to the atomization control unit; A device monitoring unit for obtaining the device parameters of the conventional frequency positive pressure device and the high-frequency oscillation device in real time; An optimization unit for calculating the difference between the device parameters and the first pressure value, the first flow value, and the first oscillation amplitude value according to the device parameters obtained in real time, obtaining a second pressure value, a second flow value, and a second oscillation amplitude value according to the difference, and controlling the conventional frequency positive pressure device and the high-frequency oscillation device according to the second pressure value, the second flow value, and the second oscillation amplitude value.

10. A constant frequency positive pressure superimposed high frequency oscillation support method applied to a ventilator, characterized in that, The method is applied to a conventional frequency positive pressure superimposed high-frequency oscillation support device for a ventilator according to any one of claims 1-9, and includes the following steps: Obtain the body state data of the patient; Evaluate whether an assisted sputum drainage operation is required according to the body state data. If the evaluation result is that an assisted sputum drainage operation is required, send the body state data of the patient to the device control module; if the evaluation result is that an assisted sputum drainage operation is not required, the monitoring module continues to monitor the body state data of the patient at the next moment; Determine the ventilation parameters of the ventilation device and the foam drive parameters of the foam drive device according to the body state data; Provide a ventilation airflow and a ventilation pressure for the patient according to the ventilation parameters; Monitor the sputum discharge state of the patient's lungs and adjust the foam drive parameters according to the sputum discharge state of the lungs.

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