Plasma cutting machine for steel structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a plasma cutting machine for a steel structure, and belongs to the field of plasma cutting, the plasma cutting machine comprises a base, a cavity for containing liquid is formed in the base, a supporting grid frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and a plurality of supporting flanges are integrally formed at the upper end of the supporting grid frame; the base is connected with an X-axis displacement part, the moving end of the X-axis displacement part is connected with a Y-axis displacement part, the moving end of the Y-axis displacement part is connected with a Z-axis displacement part, the moving end of the Z-axis displacement part is connected with a mounting seat, and one side of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with a plasma gun head; cutting of a steel structure workpiece is achieved in a water body, underwater plasma cutting has a certain cooling effect on the workpiece, a cutting torch and an electric arc area, transverse expansion of a plasma arc on the upper portion of a cutting seam is limited through rapid cooling, the melting range of the upper portion is compressed, the width change of the lower portion is relatively small, and therefore the taper is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plasma cutting, and more particularly to a plasma cutting machine for steel structures. Background Art

[0002] Plasma cutting is a process that uses a high-temperature, high-speed plasma arc to melt and cut metal materials. Essentially a thermal cutting method, it is widely used for cutting steel structures due to its high cutting speed and the absence of preheating requirements.

[0003] Currently, when plasma cutting is performed on steel structures, the center of the arc is most ionized, has the highest temperature, and has the strongest melting ability. The closer to the periphery of the arc, the lower the temperature and speed, and the melting ability decreases significantly. When the arc contacts the surface of the steel plate, the high-energy center area can quickly melt through the metal and transfer downward. As the cutting depth increases, the energy at the edge of the arc is insufficient to completely melt the underlying metal, resulting in a narrowing of the lower melt width. This causes a taper in the cut (i.e., the cut is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, forming a V-shape) when cutting steel workpieces. This is particularly evident when cutting medium-thick steel structures. The taper causes the cutting surface to be non-vertical, and adjacent components cannot fit tightly during splicing, requiring additional adjustment or forced assembly (the taper surface needs to be ground or milled to vertical, increasing labor and equipment costs). Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a plasma cutting machine for steel structures.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0006] A plasma cutting machine for steel structure, comprising a base, A cavity for accommodating liquid is provided inside the base, and a support grid frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity, and a plurality of support flanges are integrally formed on the upper end of the support grid frame; The base is connected to an X-axial displacement portion, and the movable end of the X-axial displacement portion is connected to the Y-axial displacement portion, the movable end of the Y-axial displacement portion is connected to the Z-axial displacement portion, and the movable end of the Z-axial displacement portion is connected to a mounting seat, and a plasma gun head is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting seat; The plasma gun head is fixedly connected to an external vortex drainage portion, and the vortex drainage portion is used to discharge high-pressure water flow into the liquid in the cavity and disturb the liquid in the cutting area; The vortex drainage part includes a hollow ring body fixed to the outside of the plasma gun head, a cavity opened inside the hollow ring body and a tapered cavity connected to the cavity, and multiple tangential water inlets tangentially opened on the outer surface of the hollow ring body and connected to the cavity.

[0007] Further, the upper part of the hollow ring body is a straight section and the lower part is a conical section. The cavity is opened in the straight section and the tapered cavity is opened in the conical section.

[0008] Further, a diversion spiral groove for guiding the high-pressure water flow tangentially entering the cavity is also opened on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0009] Further, a plurality of the tangential water inlet parts are equidistantly distributed in a circular array outside the hollow ring body, and a first pump body for supplying high-pressure water flow to the plurality of tangential water inlet parts is also fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part.

[0010] Further, a slag removal assisting component is also connected to the lower end of the support grid frame. The slag removal assisting component includes a plurality of brackets fixedly connected to the lower end of the support grid frame, a plurality of electromagnetic discs respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the plurality of brackets, a plurality of magnetic pole heads respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of brackets, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the plurality of brackets. Ultrasonic generating parts two are fixedly connected to both sides of the base, and the ultrasonic generating parts two are connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transducers. A plurality of the magnetic pole heads all pass through the grid grooves of the support grid frame and extend upward.

[0011] Further, a flushing and slag removal part is also connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part. The flushing and slag removal part includes a cross plate fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part, a screw rod screwed inside the cross plate, two guide rods movably inserted inside the cross plate, a lifting seat fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two guide rods, and a nozzle fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting seat. The lower end of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lifting seat. A second pump body is also fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part, and the second pump body is used for supplying high-pressure water flow to the nozzle.

[0012] Further, the mounting seat includes a fixed part fixedly connected to one side of the movable end of the Z-axis displacement part and a movable part connected to one side of the fixed part. A front and rear tilt control part is connected inside the fixed part. The front and rear tilt control part includes a movable groove opened inside the fixed part, a gear rotatably connected inside the movable groove, a rack slidably connected inside the movable groove and meshing with the gear, and a lead screw screwed inside the rack and rotatably connected to the inner walls of both ends of the movable groove. One side of the movable part is fixedly connected to one side of the gear, and an ion gun head is fixedly connected to the other side of the movable part. A motor for driving the lead screw to rotate is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed part.

[0013] Further, an inclination sensor is also fixedly connected to the other side of the movable part.

[0014] Further, a piezoelectric ceramic ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the hollow ring body, and a plurality of amplitude transformers are fixedly connected to the inside of the piezoelectric ceramic ring. An ultrasonic generating part one is also fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part, and the ultrasonic generating part one is connected to the plurality of amplitude transformers.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art: (1) This solution is provided with a base, and a cavity for accommodating water is opened inside the base. By placing the steel structure workpiece in the water and supporting it by the supporting flange, cutting of the steel structure workpiece is realized in the water. Underwater plasma cutting has a certain cooling effect on the workpiece, the torch and the arc area. This rapid cooling limits the lateral expansion of the plasma arc above the cut. The cooling rate at the lower part of the cut is also very fast. However, due to the downward penetration characteristic of the plasma arc itself, and the process that the molten metal is blown downward by the high-speed gas flow is relatively unhindered by water (especially after penetration), the width of the lower part of the cut is less affected by cooling. The melting range of the upper part is "compressed", while the width change of the lower part is relatively small, thereby reducing the width difference between the upper and lower parts of the cut, that is, reducing the taper.

[0016] (2) This solution is provided with an eddy current drainage part. After pressurizing the water by the first pump body, the water is pumped into a plurality of tangential water inlet parts. The high-pressure water flow enters the cavity from the tangential water inlet parts and forms an eddy current along the diversion spiral groove. The high-pressure water flow is discharged from the bottom of the tapered cavity and enters the water body. The discharged high-pressure water flow can disturb the water flow near the cutting area, thereby promoting the slag generated by underwater plasma cutting to move out from near the cut. The slag is removed in time by the disturbed water flow discharged into the water body, preventing the slag from solidifying again in the cut to form tumor-like protrusions, improving the cutting quality, and ensuring the taper of the cut.

[0017] (3) This solution is provided with a slag-assisted removal component. During the cutting process, the electromagnetic disk is energized to generate a magnetic force, so that the magnetic pole heads close to the bottom of the steel structure workpiece generate a magnetic force. Through the magnetic field, a directional traction force can be applied to the slag during cooling (the temperature drops to the magnetic activation range), accelerating its detachment from the cut. The magnetic field gradient can guide the slag to move towards the bottom or side of the cut, reducing its adhesion to the cut edge, reducing the accumulation of slag at the lower edge of the cut, reducing the difficulty of slag removal, improving the surface roughness of the cut surface, inhibiting large-particle slag from falling back to the arc path, avoiding arc interruption or cutting deviation, reducing the splashing pollution of the slag to the nozzle, reducing the nozzle loss rate, centrally collecting the iron-containing slag, facilitating recycling, and reducing the pollution of water body suspended particles. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the eddy current drainage part of the present invention; Figure 3 is the present invention Figure 1 Schematic enlarged view of the structure at A in; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pump body, the first ultrasonic generating part and the flushing slag removal part of the present invention; Figure 5Schematic diagram of the hollow ring body and tangential water inlet part structure of the present invention; Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the hollow ring body of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the front and rear tilt control part structure of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the poly-pole head structure of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the bracket, electromagnetic disk and ultrasonic transducer part structure of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. Base; 11. Cavity; 12. Support grid; 13. Support flange; 2. X-axis displacement part; 3. Y-axis displacement part; 4. Z-axis displacement part; 41. Mounting seat; 411. Fixed part; 412. Movable part; 5. Plasma gun head; 6. Eddy current drainage part; 61. Pump body I; 62. Hollow ring body; 63. Tangential water inlet part; 64. Cavity; 65. Tapered cavity; 66. Guide spiral groove; 7. Piezoelectric ceramic ring; 71. Horn; 72. Ultrasonic generating part I; 8. Front and rear tilt control part; 81. Movable groove; 82. Lead screw; 83. Rack; 84. Gear; 85. Motor; 86. Tilt angle sensor; 9. Flushing and slag removal part; 91. Pump body II; 92. Screw; 93. Guide rod; 94. Lifting seat; 95. Sprayer; 10. Slag assisting and removing assembly; 101. Bracket; 102. Electromagnetic disk; 103. Poly-pole head; 104. Ultrasonic transducer part; 105. Ultrasonic generating part II. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , a plasma cutting machine for steel structures, including a base 1, A cavity 11 for accommodating liquid is opened inside the base 1, and a support grid 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 11, and a plurality of support flanges 13 are integrally formed at the upper end of the support grid 12; An X-axis displacement part 2 is connected to the base 1, and a Y-axis displacement part 3 is connected to the moving end of the X-axis displacement part 2. A Z-axis displacement part 4 is connected to the moving end of the Y-axis displacement part 3, and a mounting seat 4! is connected to the moving end of the Z-axis displacement part 4. A plasma gun head 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting seat 41; An eddy current drainage part 6 is fixedly connected to the outside of the plasma gun head 5, and the eddy current drainage part 6 is used to discharge high-pressure water flow into the liquid in the cavity 11 and disturb the liquid in the cutting area.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the steel structure workpiece to be cut is placed on the support grid frame 12 and supported by a plurality of support flanges 13. Water is added to the cavity 11 to submerge the workpiece. The plasma gun head 5 is connected to components such as a plasma power supply and an air compressor. The grounding clamp is clamped on the workpiece. The X-axis displacement part 2 is controlled to drive the plasma gun head 5 to move in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis displacement part 3 is controlled to drive the plasma gun head 5 to move in the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis displacement part 4 is controlled to work to drive the plasma gun head 5 to move in the Z-axis direction (adjust the cutting distance between the plasma gun head 5 and the workpiece), so as to drive the plasma gun head 5 to perform XYZ three-axis movement and cut the workpiece, realizing the cutting of the steel structure workpiece in water. Underwater plasma cutting has a certain cooling effect on the workpiece, the torch and the arc area. This rapid cooling limits the lateral expansion of the plasma arc at the upper part of the cut. The cooling speed at the lower part of the cut is also very fast, but due to the downward penetration characteristic of the plasma arc itself, and the process that the molten metal is blown downward by the high-speed air flow is relatively unobstructed by water (especially after penetration), the width of the lower part of the cut is less affected by cooling, the melting range at the upper part is "compressed", and the width change at the lower part is relatively small, thus reducing the width difference between the upper and lower parts of the cut, that is, reducing the taper; at the same time, the molten metal blown off by the high-speed plasma air flow will solidify (quench) when it meets water. This prevents the molten metal from reattaching or flowing at the lower edge of the cut or the slag hanging place, thus helping to keep the clarity of the lower edge of the cut.

[0023] As Figures 4 - 6 shown, the eddy current drainage part 6 includes a hollow ring body 62 fixedly connected to the outside of the plasma gun head 5, a cavity 64 opened inside the hollow ring body 62, a tapered cavity 65 communicated with the cavity 64, and a plurality of tangential water inlet parts 63 tangentially opened on the outer surface of the hollow ring body 62 and communicated with the cavity 64.

[0024] The upper part of the hollow ring body 62 is a straight section and the lower part is a tapered section. The cavity 64 is opened in the straight section and the tapered cavity 65 is opened in the tapered section.

[0025] A guide spiral groove 66 for guiding the high-pressure water flow tangentially entering the cavity 64 is also opened on the inner wall of the cavity 64.

[0026] A plurality of the tangential water inlet parts 63 are equidistantly distributed in a circular array on the outside of the hollow ring body 62. A pump body 61 for supplying high-pressure water flow to the plurality of tangential water inlet parts 63 is also fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part 3.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the first pump body 61 is connected to a plurality of tangential water inlet parts 63 through pipelines (the pipelines are not shown in the attached drawings of the specification of this application). The first pump body 61 pressurizes water and pumps it into the plurality of tangential water inlet parts 63. The high-pressure water flow enters the cavity 64 tangentially and forms a vortex in the cavity 64 via the diversion spiral groove 66. The water flow discharges from the opening at the bottom of the tapered cavity 65 into the hollow ring body 62 and then enters the water inside the cavity 11. The high-pressure water flow discharged from the hollow ring body 62 can disturb the water flow near the cutting area of the workpiece, so as to prompt the slag generated by underwater plasma cutting to quickly move out from near the cutting seam. The disturbing water flow discharged into the water body can timely remove the adhering slag, prevent the slag generated during cutting from adhering to the cutting seam and solidifying again to form tumor-like protrusions, improve the cutting quality, and ensure the perpendicularity of the cutting seam.

[0028] As Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, a slag assisting and removing assembly 10 is further connected to the lower end of the support grid frame 12. The slag assisting and removing assembly 10 includes a plurality of brackets 101 fixedly connected to the lower end of the support grid frame 12, a plurality of electromagnetic disks 102 respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the plurality of brackets 101, a plurality of magnetic pole heads 103 respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of brackets 101, and a plurality of ultrasonic transducers 104 respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the plurality of brackets 101. Ultrasonic generating parts two 105 are fixedly connected to both sides of the base 1, and the ultrasonic generating parts two 105 are connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transducers 104. The plurality of magnetic pole heads 103 all pass through the grid slots of the support grid frame 12 and extend upward.

[0029] A flushing and slag removing part 9 is further connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part 3. The flushing and slag removing part 9 includes a cross plate fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part 3, a screw rod 92 screwed inside the cross plate, two guide rods 93 movably inserted inside the cross plate, a lifting seat 94 fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two guide rods 93, and a nozzle 95 fixedly connected to the lower end of the lifting seat 94. The lower end of the screw rod 92 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lifting seat 94. A second pump body 91 is further fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part 3, and the second pump body 91 is used to supply high-pressure water flow to the nozzle 95.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, when underwater plasma cutting a workpiece, the electromagnetic disk 102 is controlled to work, and a plurality of magnetic pole heads 103 (which can be made of industrial pure iron DT4C, nickel-plated on its surface by 5 - 10 μm for rust prevention, and a silica aerogel composite material with a density of 200 kg / m³ and a thickness of 10 - 15 mm is arranged outside the magnetic pole heads 103 for heat insulation of the magnetic pole heads 103 to prevent magnetic permeability attenuation) generate magnetic force. The magnetic field generated by the magnetic pole heads 103 can apply a directional traction force to the slag in cooling (the temperature drops to the magnetic activation range), accelerate its detachment from the cut, the magnetic field gradient can guide the slag to move towards the bottom or side of the cut, reduce its adhesion to the cut edge, reduce the accumulation of slag at the lower edge of the cut, reduce the difficulty of slag cleaning, improve the surface roughness of the cut surface, inhibit large particle slag from falling back to the arc path, avoid arc interruption or cutting deviation, reduce the splash pollution of the slag to the cutting nozzle, reduce the nozzle loss rate, centrally collect the iron-containing slag for easy recycling, and reduce the water body suspended particle pollution; when it is necessary to clean the slag attracted by the magnetic pole heads 103, the electromagnetic disk 102 is stopped from working, the ultrasonic generating part two 105 is controlled to work, a plurality of ultrasonic transducer parts 104 work and drive the support 101 and a plurality of magnetic pole heads 103 to generate low-frequency vibration. Then, the screw 92 is rotated to lower the lifting seat 94, the input end of the spray head 95 is connected to the output end of the pump body two 91, water is pressurized by the pump body two 91 and pumped into the spray head 95, and high-pressure water flow is sprayed out from the spray head 95. The water flow can blow towards the outer surface of the magnetic pole heads 103, and cooperate with the low-frequency vibration to effectively clean the slag attracted on the outer surface of the magnetic pole heads 103.

[0031] As Figure 7 shown, the mounting seat 41 includes a fixed part 411 fixedly connected to one side of the Z-axis displacement part 4's moving end and a movable part 412 connected to one side of the fixed part 411. The inside of the fixed part 411 is connected with a front and rear inclination control part 8, and the front and rear inclination control part 8 includes a movable groove 81 opened inside the fixed part 411, a gear 84 rotatably connected in the movable groove 81, a rack 83 slidably connected in the movable groove 81 and meshed with the gear 84, and a lead screw 82 screwed inside the rack 83 and rotatably connected to the inner walls of both ends of the movable groove 81. One side of the movable part 412 is fixedly connected to one side of the gear 84, the other side of the movable part 412 is fixedly connected with a plasma gun head 5, and a motor 85 for driving the lead screw 82 to rotate is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed part 411.

[0032] Another side of the movable part 412 is also fixedly connected with an inclination sensor 86.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor 85 operates to drive the lead screw 82 to rotate. The rotation of the lead screw 82 can drive the rack 83 to perform translational motion in the movable slot 81. The movement of the rack 83 drives the gear 84 to rotate, and the rotation of the gear 84 drives the movable part 412 and the plasma gun head 5 to perform small-angle rotation, so that the plasma gun head 5 tilts forward or backward towards the cutting seam direction. When performing underwater plasma cutting, the forward tilt of the plasma gun head 5 is usually used to quickly penetrate thick plates at the start of cutting or to compensate for the drag during cutting for specific materials or speeds. Underwater, the forward tilt may help to start the arc more smoothly and maintain arc stability, especially when cutting thick plates; underwater, due to the cooling effect of water, the perpendicularity has been improved. Although the application of the backward tilt of the plasma gun head 5 may not be as critical or effective as in air, it can still be used as a fine-tuning parameter to optimize the cut quality under specific conditions (such as reducing top burrs). The underwater environment greatly reduces the main factors leading to large taper (upper heat diffusion and oxidation). Therefore, even with a small backward tilt angle, better perpendicularity (smaller taper) can be obtained underwater than backward tilt cutting in air.

[0034] As Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a piezoelectric ceramic ring 7 is fixedly connected to the outside of the hollow ring body 62, and a plurality of amplitude transformers 71 are fixedly connected to the inside of the piezoelectric ceramic ring 7. On one side of the Y-axis displacement part, an ultrasonic generating part one 72 is also fixedly connected, and the ultrasonic generating part one 72 is connected to the plurality of amplitude transformers 71.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, the ultrasonic generating part one 72 operates to output signals to the plurality of amplitude transformers 71, causing the plurality of amplitude transformers 71 to generate low-frequency vibrations. The low-frequency vibrations generate ultrasonic waves and act on the hollow ring body 62 and the plasma gun head 5. Microbubbles in the micron range are generated in water by the low-frequency ultrasonic waves. When the microbubbles collapse, microjets with a speed greater than 1000 m / s are formed, directly impacting the interface between the slag and the substrate. At the same time, standing waves are excited on the surface of the cut molten pool, causing the molten metal to fluctuate periodically, reducing the adhesion force, reducing the slag hanging thickness and the residual oxides on the side walls, and improving the cut taper.

[0036] Working principle: Place the steel structure workpiece to be cut on the support grid frame 12 and support the workpiece through multiple support flanges 13. Add water to the cavity 11 to submerge the workpiece. Connect the plasma gun head 5 to components such as the plasma power supply and air compressor. Clamp the grounding clip on the workpiece. Control the Y-axis displacement part 3, X-axis displacement part 2, and Z-axis displacement part 4 to drive the plasma gun head 5 to perform XYZ three-axis movement to cut the workpiece. During the cutting process, the first pump body 61 pressurizes the water and pumps it into multiple tangential water inlet parts 63. The high-pressure water flow tangentially enters the cavity 64 and forms a vortex in the cavity 64 through the guide spiral groove 66. The water flow discharges from the opening at the bottom of the tapered cavity 65 into the hollow ring body 62 and then enters the water in the cavity 11. The high-pressure water flow discharged from the hollow ring body 62 can disturb the water flow near the cutting area of the workpiece, prompting the slag generated by underwater plasma cutting to quickly move out from near the cut. Control the electromagnetic disk 102 to work and make multiple magnetic pole heads 103 apply a directional traction force to accelerate its separation from the cut. The magnetic field gradient can guide the slag to move towards the bottom or side of the cut.

[0037] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its improved concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma cutting machine for steel structures, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A cavity (11) for containing liquid is formed inside the base (1), and a support grid frame (12) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (11). A plurality of support flanges (13) are integrally formed at the upper end of the support grid frame (12); An X-axis displacement part (2) is connected to the base (1), and a Y-axis displacement part (3) is connected to the moving end of the X-axis displacement part (2). A Z-axis displacement part (4) is connected to the moving end of the Y-axis displacement part (3), and a mounting seat (41) is connected to the moving end of the Z-axis displacement part (4). A plasma gun head (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the mounting seat (41); An eddy current drainage part (6) is fixedly connected to the outside of the plasma gun head (5), and the eddy current drainage part (6) is used to discharge high-pressure water flow into the liquid in the cavity (11) and disturb the liquid in the cutting area; The eddy current drainage part (6) includes a hollow ring body (62) fixedly connected to the outside of the plasma gun head (5), a cavity (64) formed inside the hollow ring body (62), a tapered cavity (65) communicated with the cavity (64), and a plurality of tangential water inlet parts (63) tangentially formed on the outer surface of the hollow ring body (62) and communicated with the cavity (64).

2. The plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 1, wherein: The upper part of the hollow ring body (62) is a straight section and the lower part is a tapered section. The cavity (64) is formed in the straight section and the tapered cavity (65) is formed in the tapered section.

3. The plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 2, wherein: A guiding spiral groove (66) for guiding the high-pressure water flow tangentially entering the cavity (64) is further formed on the inner wall of the cavity (64).

4. The plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of tangential water inlet parts (63) are equidistantly distributed in a circular array on the outside of the hollow ring body (62). A pump body one (61) for supplying high-pressure water flow to the plurality of tangential water inlet parts (63) is further fixedly connected to one side of the Y-axis displacement part (3).

5. The plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 4, wherein: A slag assisting and removing assembly (10) is further connected to the lower end of the support grid frame (12). The slag assisting and removing assembly (10) includes a plurality of brackets (101) fixedly connected to the lower end of the support grid frame (12), a plurality of electromagnetic disks (102) respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the plurality of brackets (101), a plurality of magnetic pole heads (103) respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the plurality of brackets (101), and a plurality of ultrasonic transducer parts (104) respectively fixedly connected to the lower ends of the plurality of brackets (101). Ultrasonic generating parts two (105) are fixedly connected to both sides of the base (1), and the ultrasonic generating parts two (105) are connected to the plurality of ultrasonic transducer parts (104). The plurality of magnetic pole heads (103) all penetrate out of the grid grooves of the support grid frame (12) and extend upward.

6. The plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 5, wherein: On one side of the Y-axis displacement part (3), a flushing and slag-removing part (9) is also connected. The flushing and slag-removing part (9) includes a cross plate fixed on one side of the Y-axis displacement part (3), a screw rod (92) screwed inside the cross plate, two guide rods (93) movably inserted inside the cross plate, a lifting seat (94) fixed at the lower ends of the two guide rods (93), and a spray head (95) fixed at the lower end of the lifting seat (94). The lower end of the screw rod (92) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the lifting seat (94). On one side of the Y-axis displacement part (3), a second pump body (91) is also fixed, and the second pump body (91) is used to supply high-pressure water flow to the spray head (95).

7. The plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting seat (41) includes a fixed part (411) fixed on one side of the moving end of the Z-axis displacement part (4) and a movable part (412) connected to one side of the fixed part (411). Inside the fixed part (411), a front and rear tilt control part (8) is connected. The front and rear tilt control part (8) includes a movable groove (81) opened inside the fixed part (411), a gear (84) rotatably connected in the movable groove (81), a rack (83) slidably connected in the movable groove (81) and meshing with the gear (84), and a lead screw (82) screwed inside the rack (83) and rotatably connected to the inner walls of both ends of the movable groove (81). One side of the movable part (412) is fixed to one side of the gear (84). On the other side of the movable part (412), a plasma gun head (5) is fixed. On one side of the fixed part (411), a motor (85) for driving the lead screw (82) to rotate is fixed.

8. A plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 7, characterized in that: On the other side of the movable part (412), an inclination sensor (86) is also fixed.

9. The plasma cutting machine for steel structures according to claim 8, wherein: Outside the hollow ring body (62), a piezoelectric ceramic ring (7) is fixed. Inside the piezoelectric ceramic ring (7), a plurality of amplitude transformers (71) are fixed. On one side of the Y-axis displacement part (3), a first ultrasonic generating part (72) is also fixed, and the first ultrasonic generating part (72) is connected to the plurality of amplitude transformers (71).

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