Adjusting mechanism and adjusting method suitable for small excavator

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjusting mechanism and an adjusting method suitable for a small excavator, belongs to the technical field of excavator equipment, and aims to solve the problem of operation space of the small excavator, the adjusting mechanism comprises a deflection armrest box, a deflection pilot handle and a multi-dimensional adjusting bracket, the deflection armrest box comprises a first armrest box and a second armrest box which are arranged on the hood bottom plate assembly, and the deflection pilot handles are respectively arranged on the two armrest boxes; the multi-dimensional adjusting bracket is connected between the armrest box and the hand support; each armrest box comprises an armrest box bottom plate, a positioning component, an armrest box framework, a driving shaft and a driven shaft, wherein the positioning component and the armrest box framework are respectively mounted on the armrest box bottom plate; the driving shaft and the driven shaft are respectively connected to the lower part of the armrest box bottom plate and are inserted into the hood bottom plate assembly; a positioning hole, a rotating hole and an arc-shaped hole are formed in the hood bottom plate assembly and matched with the positioning assembly, the driving shaft and the driven shaft respectively. The armrest box can be subjected to multi-stage deflection adjustment, so that the operation space of a driver is expanded, and meanwhile, the operation performance and the driving comfort are not influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an adjustment mechanism and an adjustment method applicable to a small excavator, belonging to the technical field of excavator equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society, construction machinery, especially 1-ton small excavators, is increasingly widely used in indoor engineering construction in narrow working conditions in domestic and overseas markets. In order to pass through narrow elevator doors and indoor doors inside high-rise buildings, the overall width of 1-ton small excavators generally needs to be limited within 0.8 meters, resulting in a narrow operation space for the driver. At the same time, the left and right armrest boxes on the excavator are not reasonably designed, further squeezing the operation space and affecting comfort and efficiency.

[0003] In order to improve this phenomenon, the prior art enlarges the driver's operation space by canceling the left and right armrest boxes or narrowing the width of the left and right armrest boxes. Although the operation space can be expanded to a certain extent, due to the lack of armrest support, the driver is prone to fatigue during long-term operation and cannot meet the requirements of operation stability. Secondly, the space enlarged by the above measures is limited and may affect the rationality of the layout of other components inside the armrest box. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adjustment mechanism and an adjustment method applicable to a small excavator, which can perform multi-stage yaw adjustment on the armrest box, thereby expanding the driver's operation space without affecting the operation performance. By deflecting the pilot handle and the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket, both the handrest and the handle can adjust the angle and height with the yaw of the armrest box, improving the comfort of the driver.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an adjustment mechanism applicable to a small excavator, including: A yaw armrest box, including a first armrest box and a second armrest box installed on the hood bottom plate assembly, and handrests are connected to both the first armrest box and the second armrest box; Deflecting pilot handles, respectively installed on the first armrest box and the second armrest box; A multi-dimensional adjustment bracket, connected between the first armrest box, the second armrest box and the handrest; Both the first armrest box and the second armrest box include an armrest box bottom plate, a positioning component and an armrest box skeleton respectively installed on the armrest box bottom plate, a handle connected to the armrest box skeleton, and a driving shaft and a driven shaft respectively connected below the armrest box bottom plate and inserted into the hood bottom plate assembly; Positioning holes, rotation holes and arc-shaped holes are provided on the hood bottom plate assembly for cooperating with the positioning component, the driving shaft and the driven shaft respectively; The positioning holes are multiple, and the multiple positioning holes are arranged from the inside to the outside along the hood bottom plate assembly, so that the first armrest box and the second armrest box are positioned at multiple angles relative to the hood bottom plate assembly.

[0007] Optionally, the first armrest box and the second armrest box further include a limiting component, and the limiting component includes a first anti-collision ball installed on the armrest box skeleton and a second anti-collision ball installed on the armrest box bottom plate; The first anti-collision ball is close to the front end of the armrest box bottom plate, and the second anti-collision ball is connected to the rear end of the armrest box bottom plate and close to the armrest box skeleton.

[0008] Optionally, the positioning component includes a positioning seat installed on the armrest box bottom plate, a spring installed in the positioning seat, and a positioning rod passing through the spring, the positioning seat and the armrest box bottom plate; The positioning seat is of a hollow structure and is internally provided with a stop groove for limiting the spring; One end of the positioning rod close to the positioning hole is of a conical structure, and the other end is spherical.

[0009] Optionally, one end of the armrest box skeleton is installed on the armrest box bottom plate through a hinge seat, and the other end is connected to the second anti-collision ball; A through groove is formed on one side of the armrest box skeleton close to the first anti-collision ball.

[0010] Optionally, a connecting arm is installed at one end of the handle passing through the armrest box, the connecting arm is installed on one side of the armrest box skeleton, and a gas spring is installed on the other side of the armrest box skeleton; The piston rod of the gas spring is connected to the armrest box bottom plate.

[0011] Optionally, the deflection pilot handle includes a fixed seat installed on the armrest box skeleton and a handle body connected to the fixed seat; The handle body includes a split flange installed on the fixed seat, a valve body connected inside the split flange and rotatably connected to a guide ring, a valve core assembly arranged on the valve body, a handle connecting shaft passing through the connection between the valve core assembly and the valve body, a shoulder structure installed in the valve body and connected to the lower end of the handle connecting shaft, a rubber sleeve chuck nested on the valve body and pressed by the shoulder structure, and a dust cover sleeved outside the rubber sleeve chuck, the valve core assembly and the handle connecting shaft.

[0012] Optionally, the split flange includes a first flange and a second flange, both the first flange and the second flange are fixed on the fixed seat, the covering angle of the first flange is 210°, and the covering angle of the second flange is 150°; Guide grooves corresponding to the valve body are respectively arranged on the inner sides of the first flange and the second flange, and the guide grooves are used for accommodating the guide ring to enable the valve body to be rotatably connected to the guide ring; A limiting seat is provided on the second flange, and a locking screw is inserted into the limiting seat; The locking screw passes through the limiting seat and abuts against the rubber sleeve chuck, and a locking pad is provided between the locking screw and the rubber sleeve chuck; The edge of the rubber sleeve chuck is nested with the dust cover.

[0013] When the adjustment handle rotates, loosen the locking screw, the locking pad is lifted from the rubber sleeve chuck, rotate the valve body, and the valve body rotates at an angle along the guide ring. When the handle valve body rotates in place, tighten the locking screw, and the locking pad abuts against the rubber sleeve chuck to limit the relative movement between the valve body and the flange.

[0014] Optionally, a limiting groove is provided on the leather sleeve chuck, and the notch angle of the limiting groove is 30°; The rubber sleeve chuck is pressed on the valve body by the shoulder structure of the handle connecting shaft to form an integral structure of the valve body, the rubber sleeve chuck and the handle connecting shaft. When the rubber sleeve chuck rotates relative to the second flange with the valve body, the limiting seat on the second flange is blocked by the limiting groove to limit the maximum rotation angle of the rubber sleeve chuck, the valve body and the handle.

[0015] Optionally, the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket includes a mounting seat connected to the armrest box skeleton, a telescopic tube inserted into the mounting seat, and a buckle assembly sleeved on the telescopic tube; The top of the telescopic tube is connected to the handrest support surface; The buckle assembly includes a clamp surrounding the outside of the telescopic tube and a locking screw connected to the clamp.

[0016] In a second aspect, an adjustment method applicable to a small excavator according to the present invention includes: Step 1: Pull the handle upward, and the handle drives the armrest box skeleton to rotate upward, so that the positioning component is exposed; Step 2: Pull the positioning component upward to separate the positioning component from the hood bottom plate assembly; Step 3: Apply an outward thrust to the first armrest box and the second armrest box respectively. At this time, the first armrest box and the second armrest box respectively swing outward with the driving shaft as the rotation center, and the driven shaft moves along the arc-shaped hole; Step 4: After the first armrest box and the second armrest box swing outward in place, release the positioning component to make the positioning component re-insert into the positioning hole on the hood bottom plate assembly; [[ID= thirty-one ]] Step 5: If the swing angles of the first armrest box and the second armrest box are not enough, continue to pull the positioning component upward and repeat the above steps for multi-angle swing until the swing reaches the comfortable angle of the driver, then pull down the handle to make the armrest box skeleton return to its original position; Step 6: Actuate the deflection pilot handle to deflect the handle to the comfortable area of the driver, and then adjust the angle and height of the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket to adjust the handrest under the driver's arm.

[0017] Beneficial effects achieved by the present invention compared with the prior art: 1. There is no need to cancel the armrest box. Multiple positioning holes are provided on the hood bottom plate assembly, and a positioning component is provided on the armrest box. By switching the cooperation between the positioning component and the multiple positioning holes, multi-angle yaw adjustment of the armrest box can be realized, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the operation space.

[0018] 2. The deflecting pilot handle can be deflected within a range of 30° along with the yaw of the armrest box; the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket can be rotated 360° and adjusted in up and down height along with the yaw of the armrest box; after the first armrest box and the second armrest box are adjusted at multiple angles, the deflecting pilot handle and the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket are used to adaptively adjust the handle and the handrest, meeting the comfort of the operation space while meeting the comfort adjustment of the handle and the handrest.

[0019] 3. The structure is simple and compact, there is no need for complex disassembly procedures, and only by operating the armrest box handle, the rapid separation and closing of the armrest box skeleton and the armrest box bottom plate can be realized, enabling the positioning component in the armrest box to accurately face the driver, improving the convenience and efficiency of the driver's operation; and a gas spring is provided between the armrest box bottom plate and the armrest box skeleton as a buffer and energy storage component, greatly improving the stability during the flipping of the armrest box skeleton and realizing lightweight opening and closing, enabling the driver to operate with one hand.

[0020] 4. When the small excavator travels in a narrow aisle and during transportation, the positioning component can be connected to the innermost empty hole of the hood bottom plate assembly, making the overall lateral dimension of the small excavator the smallest, with flexible operation and a wide adaptation range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The figure shows an embodiment diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention applicable to a small excavator; Figure 2 The figure shows the structure diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure shows the side structure diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 The figure shows the structure diagram of the positioning component of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure shows the top view of the hood bottom plate assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 The figure shows the side view of the deflecting pilot handle of the present invention; Figure 7 The figure shows the perspective view of the deflecting pilot handle of the present invention; Figure 8 The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the deflecting pilot handle of the present invention; Figure 9 The figure shows the top view of the valve core and the split flange of the present invention; Figure 10 The following shows a partial cross-sectional view of the split flange of the present invention; Figure 11 The following shows a front view of the valve body of the present invention; Figure 12 The following shows an installation schematic diagram of the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket and the handrest of the present invention; Figure 13 The following shows an embodiment diagram of the adjustment mechanism applicable to a small excavator during transportation and passing through a narrow aisle of the present invention; Figure 14 The following shows an embodiment diagram of the adjustment mechanism applicable to a small excavator in a yaw state of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 - hood bottom plate assembly, 1-1 - positioning hole, 1-2 - rotation hole, 1-3 - arc hole, 2 - first armrest box, 2-1 - handle, 2-2 - first anti-collision ball, 2-3 - positioning rod, 2-4 - gas spring, 2-5 - armrest box bottom plate, 2-6 - armrest box skeleton, 2-7 - armrest box housing, 2-8 - driving shaft, 2-9 - snap ring, 2-10 - driven shaft, 2-11 - positioning seat, 2-12 - spring, 2-13 - second anti-collision ball, 3 - second armrest box, 4 - first deflection pilot handle, 4-1 - fixed seat, 4-2 - handle body, 4-2-1 - handle coupling shaft, 4-2-2 - dust cover, 4-2-3 - first flange, 4-2-4 - guide ring, 4-2-5 - second flange, 4-2-6 - valve body, 4-2-7 - locking washer, 4-2-8 - locking screw, 4-2-9 - spool assembly, 4-2-10 - guide groove, 4-2-11 - rubber sleeve chuck, 5 - second deflection pilot handle, 6 - seat, 7-1 - handrest support surface, 7-2 - telescopic tube, 7-3 - buckle assembly, 7-4 - mounting seat. Specific Embodiments

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] Embodiment 1

[0025] This embodiment provides an adjustment mechanism applicable to a small excavator, such as Figure 1 , Figure 13 and Figure 14The components shown include: a yaw armrest box, a deflection pilot handle, and a multi-dimensional adjustment bracket. Among them, the yaw armrest box includes a first armrest box 2 and a second armrest box 3 installed on the hood bottom plate assembly 1; the deflection pilot handle includes a first deflection pilot handle 4 and a second deflection pilot handle 5, and the first deflection pilot handle 4 and the second deflection pilot handle 5 are respectively installed on the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3; there are also two multi-dimensional adjustment brackets, which are respectively connected between the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3 and their respective armrests; after the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3 are adjusted at multiple angles, the handle and the armrest are adaptively adjusted through the deflection pilot handle and the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket to meet the operation comfort between the seat 6 and the two armrest boxes, and at the same time meet the comfort adjustment of the handle and the armrest.

[0026] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, both the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3 include: an armrest box bottom plate 2-5, a positioning component, an armrest box skeleton 2-6, a handle 2-1, a driving shaft 2-8, a driven shaft 2-10, and an armrest box housing 2-7; the armrest box bottom plate 2-5 is installed and placed on the hood bottom plate assembly 1 and is movably connected to the hood bottom plate assembly 1 through the positioning component, the driving shaft 2-8, and the driven shaft 2-10. The positioning component and the armrest box skeleton 2-6 are both installed on the armrest box bottom plate 2-5. The handle 2-1 is connected to the armrest box skeleton 2-6. The driving shaft 2-8 and the driven shaft 2-10 are respectively connected below the armrest box bottom plate 2-5 and are movably inserted into the hood bottom plate assembly 1; the bottoms of the driving shaft 2-8 and the driven shaft 2-10 are fixed on the hood bottom plate assembly 1 through bottom bolts, and the bottom bolts are respectively connected to the driving shaft 2-8 and the driven shaft 2-10 through snap rings 2-9. Butter is applied to the upper side of the snap rings 2-9 to reduce the resistance when the driving shaft 2-8 and the driven shaft 2-10 move.

[0027] As Figure 5 As shown, positioning holes 1-1, circular rotation holes 1-2, and arc-shaped holes 1-3 are provided on the hood bottom plate assembly 1 for respectively cooperating with the positioning component, the driving shaft 2-8, and the driven shaft 2-10; there are multiple positioning holes 1-1, and the multiple positioning holes 1-1 are arranged from the inside to the outside along the hood bottom plate assembly 1, and the arrangement trajectory of the multiple positioning holes 1-1 is arc-shaped, corresponding to the yaw route of the armrest box; thus, the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3 can be yaw-positioned at multiple angles relative to the hood bottom plate assembly 1.

[0028] The armrest box housing 2-7 is installed on the armrest box skeleton 2-6 and wraps the armrest box skeleton 2-6 and internal components, and plays a protective role and an aesthetic effect on each internal component of the armrest box while making an up-and-down flip or left-and-right yaw along with the armrest box skeleton 2-6.

[0029] In this embodiment, the positioning component cooperates with the corresponding structure on the engine hood bottom plate assembly 1. When the positioning component is disengaged from the engine hood bottom plate assembly 1, the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3 can rotate around the driving shaft 2-8 and the rotation hole 1-2, causing the driven shaft 2-10 to swing along the arc-shaped hole 1-3 of the engine hood bottom plate assembly 1. At the same time, through the movable connection and sliding connection of the driving shaft 2-8 and the driven shaft 2-10 with the engine hood bottom plate assembly 1, it can provide balanced support for the deflection of the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3, prevent the armrest box from tilting or shaking, and provide a certain guiding function for the positioning component, improving the accuracy and stability of the switching of multiple positioning holes 1-1.

[0030] Optionally, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the first armrest box 2 and the second armrest box 3 further include a limiting component, and the limiting component includes a first anti-collision ball 2-2 and a second anti-collision ball 2-13; the first anti-collision ball 2-2 is installed on the armrest box skeleton 2-6, and the second anti-collision ball 2-13 is installed on the armrest box bottom plate 2-5; the first anti-collision ball 2-2 is close to the front end of the armrest box bottom plate 2-5, and the second anti-collision ball 2-13 is arranged at the rear end of the armrest box bottom plate 2-5 and faces the armrest box skeleton 2-6. When the armrest box skeleton 2-6 rotates up and down, the first anti-collision ball 2-2 and the second anti-collision ball 2-13 can respectively limit the front and rear positions of the armrest box skeleton 2-6, avoiding the deformation of the armrest box bottom plate 2-5 caused by the long-term extrusion of the armrest box skeleton 2-6, and thus affecting the deflection function.

[0031] Optionally, as Figure 4 shown, the positioning component includes a positioning seat 2-11, a spring 2-12, and a positioning rod 2-3. The positioning seat 2-11 is installed on the armrest box bottom plate 2-5, the spring 2-12 is installed in the positioning seat 2-11, and the positioning rod 2-3 passes through the spring 2-12, the positioning seat 2-11, and the armrest box bottom plate 2-5 to correspond to the positioning hole 1-1 of the engine hood bottom plate assembly 1; the positioning seat 2-11 is a hollow structure and is internally provided with a stop groove for limiting the spring 2-12; one end of the positioning rod 2-3 close to the positioning hole 1-1 is a conical structure, and the other end is spherical. The spherical shape is convenient for the driver to pick and place. At the same time, the diameter of the spherical end is larger than the diameter of the positioning seat 2-11, which can apply a part of gravity to the spring 2-12, ensuring the stability of the connection of the positioning component when the positioning rod 2-3 is inserted into the positioning hole 1-1. This embodiment is not limited to the spherical end and may also involve other shapes, such as a rhombus, etc.

[0032] Optionally, as Figure 3 shown, one end of the armrest box skeleton 2-6 is installed on the armrest box bottom plate 2-5 through a hinge seat, and the other end is connected to the second anti-collision ball 2-13; A through groove is formed on one side of the armrest box frame 2-6 and the armrest box housing 2-7 close to the first anti-collision ball 2-2, which can prevent the armrest box frame 2-6 from colliding and deforming with the first anti-collision ball 2-2 when the armrest box frame 2-6 flips, and extend the service life of the device.

[0033] Optionally, as Figure 2 shown, a connecting arm is installed at one end of the handle 2-1 passing through the armrest box. The connecting arm is installed on one side of the armrest box frame 2-6, and a gas spring 2-4 is installed on the other side of the armrest box frame 2-6. The piston rod of the gas spring 2-4 is connected to the armrest box bottom plate 2-5.

[0034] In this embodiment, the gas spring 2-4 is linked with the armrest box frame 2-6. When the armrest box frame 2-6 flips upward, the gas spring 2-4 extends upward to buffer the impact force of the upward flip of the armrest box frame 2-6. When the armrest box frame 2-6 flips downward, the gas spring 2-4 compresses downward to absorb the downward acting force and gravity of the armrest box frame 2-6, playing a damping role to stably control the up and down flipping movement of the armrest box frame 2-6 and realizing lightweight opening and closing, so that the driver can operate with one hand, reducing the operation difficulty.

[0035] Optionally, as Figures 6 to 11 shown, the deflecting pilot handle includes a handle body 4-2 and a fixed seat 4-1; the fixed seat 4-1 is installed on the armrest box frame 2-6, and the handle body 4-2 is connected to the fixed seat 4-1; as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the handle body 4-2 includes: a split flange, a valve body 4-2-6, a valve core assembly 4-2-9, a handle connecting shaft 4-2-1, a rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11, a shoulder structure and a dust cover 4-2-2; the split flange is installed on the fixed seat 4-1, and the split flange is rotationally connected to the outside of the valve body 4-2-6 through a guide ring 4-2-4. The valve core assembly 4-2-9 is installed on the valve body 4-2-6. The handle connecting shaft 4-2-1 is screwed in the valve core assembly 4-2-9 and the valve body 4-2-6. The shoulder structure is installed in the valve body 4-2-6 and connected to the lower end of the handle connecting shaft 4-2-1; the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 is nested on the valve body 4-2-6 and pressed on the valve body 4-2-6 through the shoulder structure; the dust cover 4-2-2 is sleeved on the outside of the end of the handle connecting shaft 4-2-1, the valve core assembly 4-2-9 and the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11.

[0036] In this embodiment, the fixed seat 4-1 serves as the structural base and is fixed to the armrest box skeleton 2-6 by bolts, and the armrest box skeleton 2-6 provides overall stability. The split flange is sleeved outside the valve body 4-2-6 and is connected to the fixed seat 4-1 by bolts, forming a rigid support system with the fixed seat 4-1, ensuring the position accuracy of the split flange and the valve body 4-2-6 under complex working conditions, and realizing the axial and circumferential fixation of the split flange to prevent its axial movement. The split design of the split flange also facilitates the installation and maintenance of the valve body 4-2-6. During maintenance, only the corresponding side flange needs to be disassembled without disassembling the fixed seat 4-1, shortening the maintenance time. The valve body 4-2-6 realizes low-friction rotation with the split flange through the guide ring 4-2-4. When the operating handle is manipulated, the valve core opens to control the fluid passage, realizing the output of the pilot control oil signal.

[0037] The handle coupling shaft 4-2-1 is threadedly connected to the valve core assembly 4-2-9 and the valve body 4-2-6. Among them, both the valve core assembly 4-2-9 and the valve body 4-2-6 are provided with internal threads, and both ends and the shoulder structures at the lower ends of the handle coupling shaft 4-2-1 corresponding to the valve core assembly 4-2-9 are provided with external threads, so that the connection of the handle coupling shaft 4-2-1 with the valve core assembly 4-2-9 and the valve body 4-2-6 can transmit the operating force to the valve core assembly 4-2-9 and the valve body 4-2-6 to drive the valve core to act; the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 is pressed on the valve body 4-2-6 by the shoulder structure to prevent dust from entering. Similarly, the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 is in stop cooperation with the flange to limit the rotation angle of the handle, improving the safety of operation; the dust cover 4-2-2 extends from the edge of the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 to the uppermost end of the handle coupling shaft 4-2-1, forming a sealed cavity to block dust and water vapor from entering the handle body 4-2 and affecting its operating accuracy and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0038] Optionally, as Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown, guide grooves 4-2-10 corresponding to the valve body 4-2-6 are respectively provided on the inner sides of the first flange 4-2-3 and the second flange 4-2-5. The guide grooves 4-2-10 are used to accommodate the guide ring 4-2-4, and the valve body 4-2-6 can rotate a certain angle along the guide ring 4-2-4; a limit seat is provided on the second flange 4-2-5, and a locking screw 4-2-8 is inserted into the limit seat. The locking screw 4-2-8 passes through the limit seat and abuts against the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11, and a locking washer 4-2-7 is provided between the locking screw 4-2-8 and the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11; the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 is pressed on the valve body 4-2-6 by the shoulder structure of the handle coupling shaft 4-2-1, connecting the valve body 4-2-6, the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11, and the handle coupling shaft 4-2-1 into one body, and the edge of the leather sleeve chuck can be nested with the dust cover 4-2-2.

[0039] When adjusting the handle in this embodiment, loosen the locking screw 4-2-8. The locking washer 4-2-7 is lifted from the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11, and the valve body 4-2-6 is rotated. The valve body 4-2-6 rotates at an angle along the guide ring 4-2-4. When the handle valve body 4-2-6 rotates in place, tighten the locking screw 4-2-8. The locking washer 4-2-7 abuts against the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 to increase the friction force, restricting the relative movement between the valve body 4-2-6 and the flange. A rotating pair is formed through the guide ring 4-2-4, realizing the flexible rotation of the valve body 4-2-6. At the same time, the limiting seat and the locking screw 4-2-8 on the second flange 4-2-5 are used to effectively limit and lock the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11, ensuring the stability of the overall structure.

[0040] As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 is provided with a limiting groove. Figure 9 At A in

[0041] is the notch angle of the limiting groove. In this embodiment, the notch angle is 30°. The rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 is pressed on the valve body 4-2-6 by the shoulder structure of the handle connecting shaft 4-2-1, forming an overall structure of the valve body 4-2-6, the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 and the handle connecting shaft 4-2-1. When the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11 rotates relative to the second flange 4-2-5 along with the valve body 4-2-6, the limiting seat on the second flange 4-2-5 is blocked by the limiting groove to limit the maximum rotation angle of the rubber sleeve chuck 4-2-11, the valve body 4-2-6 and the handle. At the same time, it can be deflected and adjusted within a range of 30° after the armrest box yaws, ensuring that the equipment operates within a safe and controllable range and at the same time having an adjustment that meets the comfort of handle use.

[0041] Optionally, as Figure 12The described multi-dimensional adjustment bracket includes: a mounting base 7-4, a telescopic tube 7-2, and a buckle assembly 7-3; the mounting base 7-4 is connected to the armrest box skeleton 2-6, the telescopic tube 7-2 is inserted into the mounting base 7-4, and the buckle assembly 7-3 is sleeved on the telescopic tube 7-2; the top of the telescopic tube 7-2 is connected to the handrest support surface 7-1; the telescopic tube 7-2 is composed of two slidably connected hollow tubes. The tube with a larger diameter is connected to the armrest box skeleton 2-6 through the mounting base 7-4, passes through the armrest box outer shell 2-7, and is installed on the armrest box. The tube with a smaller diameter is connected to the handrest support surface 7-1. The buckle assembly 7-3 is installed at the connection of the two tubes, and a rectangular notch is provided on the tube with a larger diameter for the buckle assembly 7-3 to adjust the tightness between the two tubes; the buckle assembly 7-3 is a combination of a clamp and a locking screw. The clamp surrounds the outside of the telescopic tube 7-2, and the locking screw is connected to the clamp; one end of the locking screw is connected with a wrench for adjusting the tightness of the clamp. When the handrest needs to adjust the angle and height, the locking screw is loosened by the action of the wrench to loosen the clamp, so that the tube connecting the handrest can rotate in angle and adjust the height until it is adjusted to the angle satisfactory to the driver, and then the locking screw is re-operated to limit the telescopic tube 7-2. This embodiment can adapt to the heights and body types of different drivers, such as Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown, to adjust the deflection of the armrest box, and the connection between the locking screw and the wrench enables the adjustment of the telescopic tube 7-2 to be operated with one hand. After the armrest box is deflected, it can be adjusted to meet the comfort of using the handrest without the aid of disassembly tools.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment discloses an adjustment method applicable to a small excavator, including: Step 1: Pull the handle upward, and the handle drives the armrest box skeleton and the armrest box outer shell to rotate upward, so that the positioning component is exposed facing the driver.

[0044] Step 2: The driver pulls the positioning rod upward. The pulling force compresses the spring. At the same time, the pulling force makes the conical structure disengage from the positioning hole at the innermost side of the hood bottom plate assembly to above the armrest box bottom plate, separating the positioning component from the hood bottom plate assembly; the armrest box bottom plate and the hood bottom plate assembly are in an active connection state.

[0045] Step 3: The driver applies an outward thrust to the first armrest box and the second armrest box respectively according to his own body type. At this time, the first armrest box and the second armrest box respectively swing outward with the active shaft as the rotation center, and the passive shaft moves along the arc-shaped hole.

[0046] Step 4: After the first armrest box and the second armrest box are respectively swung outward to the appropriate positioning hole positions, the driver releases the positioning rod. Driven by the elastic force released by the spring and the self-gravity of the positioning rod itself, the positioning rod quickly drops and is reinserted into the outer positioning hole. A fixed connection state is formed between the bottom plate of the armrest box and the bottom plate assembly of the hood. Finally, the first armrest box and the second armrest box can be positioned at the swung position through the positioning assembly.

[0047] Step 5: If the driver feels that the swinging angles of the first armrest box and the second armrest box are not enough, continue to pull up the positioning rod and repeat Steps 2 to 4 for multi-angle swinging adjustment until the whole armrest box is swung to the comfortable angle of the driver. Then pull down the handle to make the armrest box frame flip downward, driving the outer shell of the armrest box to be closed with the bottom plate of the armrest box. Step 6: After the position of the armrest box is adjusted, the driver operates the deflection pilot handle to deflect the handle to the comfortable area of the driver, and then operates the wrench to release the limit of the telescopic tube by the buckle assembly. Adjust the angle and height of the handrest until the handrest is adjusted to the comfortable area under the driver's arm, and then lock the buckle assembly with the wrench.

[0048] In summary, the present invention does not need to cancel the armrest box. By providing multiple positioning holes on the bottom plate assembly of the hood and a positioning assembly on the armrest box, and through the switching cooperation between the positioning assembly and the multiple positioning holes, multi-angle swinging adjustment of the armrest box can be realized, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the operation space.

[0049] The deflection pilot handle can be deflected and adjusted within a range of 30° along with the swing of the armrest box; the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket can be rotated 360° and adjusted in height up and down along with the swing of the armrest box; after the first armrest box and the second armrest box are adjusted multi-angularly, the handle and the handrest are adaptively adjusted through the deflection pilot handle and the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket, meeting the comfort of the operation space while meeting the comfort adjustment of the handle and the handrest.

[0050] The structure is simple and compact, without complex disassembly procedures. Only by operating the handle of the armrest box can the rapid separation and closing of the armrest box frame and the bottom plate of the armrest box be realized, making the positioning assembly face the driver; and an air spring is provided between the bottom plate of the armrest box and the armrest box frame as a buffer and energy storage component, greatly improving the stability and service life of the opening and closing of the armrest box frame.

[0051] When the small excavator travels in a narrow aisle and during transportation, the positioning assembly can be connected to the innermost empty hole of the bottom plate assembly of the hood, making the overall lateral dimension of the small excavator the smallest, with flexible operation and a wide adaptation range.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope protected by the claims. All of these fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjusting mechanism applicable to a small excavator, characterized in that, Comprising: A yaw armrest box, including a first armrest box and a second armrest box installed on the hood bottom plate assembly, and a handrest is connected to both the first armrest box and the second armrest box; Deflection pilot handles, respectively installed on the first armrest box and the second armrest box; A multi-dimensional adjustment bracket, connected between the first armrest box, the second armrest box and the handrest; Both the first armrest box and the second armrest box include an armrest box bottom plate, a positioning component and an armrest box skeleton respectively installed on the armrest box bottom plate, a handle connected to the armrest box skeleton, and a driving shaft and a driven shaft respectively connected under the armrest box bottom plate and inserted into the hood bottom plate assembly; Positioning holes, rotation holes and arc-shaped holes are provided on the hood bottom plate assembly for cooperating with the positioning component, the driving shaft and the driven shaft respectively; There are multiple positioning holes, and the multiple positioning holes are arranged from the inside to the outside along the hood bottom plate assembly, so that the first armrest box and the second armrest box can be positioned at multiple angles relative to the hood bottom plate assembly.

2. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first armrest box and the second armrest box further include a limiting component, and the limiting component includes a first anti-collision ball installed on the armrest box skeleton and a second anti-collision ball installed on the armrest box bottom plate; The first anti-collision ball is close to the front end of the armrest box bottom plate, and the second anti-collision ball is connected to the rear end of the armrest box bottom plate and close to the armrest box skeleton.

3. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a mini excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component includes a positioning seat installed on the armrest box bottom plate, a spring installed in the positioning seat, and a positioning rod passing through the spring, the positioning seat and the armrest box bottom plate; The positioning seat is a hollow structure, and a stop groove is provided inside for limiting the spring; One end of the positioning rod close to the positioning hole is a conical structure, and the other end is spherical.

4. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the armrest box skeleton is installed on the armrest box bottom plate through a hinge seat, and the other end is connected to the second anti-collision ball; A through groove is provided on one side of the armrest box skeleton close to the first anti-collision ball.

5. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting arm is installed at one end of the handle passing through the armrest box, the connecting arm is installed on one side of the armrest box skeleton, and a gas spring is installed on the other side of the armrest box skeleton; The piston rod of the gas spring is connected to the armrest box bottom plate.

6. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deflection pilot handle includes a fixed seat installed on the armrest box skeleton and a handle body connected to the fixed seat; The handle body includes a split flange installed on the fixed seat, a valve body connected inside the split flange and rotatably connected to a guide ring, a spool assembly provided on the valve body, a handle connecting shaft passing through the spool assembly and connected to the valve body, a shoulder structure installed in the valve body and connected to the lower end of the handle connecting shaft, a rubber sleeve chuck nested on the valve body and pressed by the shoulder structure, and a dust cover sleeved outside the rubber sleeve chuck, the spool assembly and the handle connecting shaft.

7. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a mini excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The split flange includes a first flange and a second flange, both the first flange and the second flange are fixed on the fixed seat, the covering angle of the first flange is 210°, and the covering angle of the second flange is 150°; Guide grooves corresponding to the valve body are respectively provided on the inner sides of the first flange and the second flange, and the guide grooves are used to accommodate the guide ring to rotatably connect the valve body with the guide ring; A limit seat is provided on the second flange, and a locking screw is inserted into the limit seat; The locking screw passes through the limit seat and abuts against the rubber sleeve chuck, and a locking pad is provided between the locking screw and the rubber sleeve chuck; The edge of the rubber sleeve chuck is nested with the dust cover.

8. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a mini excavator according to claim 6, characterized in that The rubber sleeve chuck is provided with a limit groove, and the notch angle of the limit groove is 30°. When the rubber sleeve chuck rotates relative to the second flange with the valve body, the limit seat on the second flange is blocked by the limit groove to limit the maximum rotation angle of the rubber sleeve chuck, the valve body and the handle.

9. The adjusting mechanism applicable to a small excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional adjustment bracket includes a mounting seat connected to the armrest box skeleton, a telescopic tube inserted into the mounting seat, and a buckle assembly sleeved on the telescopic tube; The top of the telescopic tube is connected to the handrest support surface; The buckle assembly includes a clamp surrounding the outside of the telescopic tube and a locking screw connected to the clamp.

10. An adjustment method applicable to a small excavator, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism applicable to a small excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 9 includes: Pull the handle upward, and the handle drives the armrest box skeleton to rotate upward, so that the positioning component is exposed; Pull the positioning component upward to separate the positioning component from the hood bottom plate assembly; Apply an outward thrust to the first armrest box and the second armrest box respectively. At this time, the first armrest box and the second armrest box respectively swing outward with the active shaft as the rotation center, and the passive shaft moves along the arc-shaped hole; After the first armrest box and the second armrest box swing outward in place, release the positioning component to make the positioning component re-insert into the positioning hole on the hood bottom plate assembly; If the swing angles of the first armrest box and the second armrest box are not enough, continue to pull the positioning component upward and repeat the above steps for multi-angle swing until the swing reaches the comfortable angle of the driver, then pull the handle downward to make the armrest box skeleton return to its original position; Actuate the deflection pilot handle to deflect the handle to the comfortable area of the driver, and then adjust the angle and height of the multi-dimensional adjustment bracket to adjust the handrest under the driver's arm.

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