Hydrogen filling and storing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of energy and power engineering, in particular to hydrogen filling and storing equipment which comprises an inner tank, and a filling and discharging pipe is arranged at the top of the inner tank; the flange plate is arranged at the bottom of the inner tank, and the rack is arranged at the bottom of the flange plate; the outer tank is sleeved outside the inner tank; the partition plate is arranged on the inner wall of the inner tank, and a lifting device is arranged on the partition plate; the piston is cooperatively arranged in the inner tank and located on the partition plate, and the top telescopic end of the lifting device is connected with the bottom of the piston; the solid hydrogen storage mechanism is arranged in the inner tank, the space above the piston is connected with the space below the partition plate through a communicating pipe, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the communicating pipe; and the control system is arranged on the rack. In the hydrogen outward filling process, it can be guaranteed that the air pressure in the air chamber is always kept at the proper filling air pressure through upward movement of the piston, and the filling stability is improved; in addition, only a small amount of hydrogen remains in the inner tank, so that the hydrogen can be saved, and the inner tank can be emptied quickly as required.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy and power engineering, and particularly to a hydrogen refueling and storage device. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and efficient energy source, hydrogen is widely used in fields such as power generation, industrial processes, and transportation. However, the physical properties of hydrogen make its storage a major challenge.

[0003] Chinese Patent with Publication No. CN113375039B discloses a high-pressure composite metal hydride hydrogen storage tank and its hydrogen storage method. The hydrogen storage tank includes a base bracket and a hydrogen storage tank shell with an open bottom. The hydrogen storage tank shell is sealed and fastened on the base bracket; a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet are provided on the hydrogen storage tank shell; a hydrogen storage alloy storage space, a gaseous hydrogen storage gap, and a circulating heat exchange system are arranged inside the hydrogen storage tank shell; the hydrogen storage alloy storage space is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy, and the circulating heat exchange system is used to absorb heat when the hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen and heat the hydrogen storage alloy when the hydrogen storage alloy releases hydrogen. This invention provides a storage gap for gaseous hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage tank, and the size of the reserved gap can be adjusted according to the need of the hydrogen storage mass density to achieve hydrogen storage with different mass densities, fully combining the advantages of high hydrogen storage mass density of high-pressure gas hydrogen storage and high volume density of solid hydrogen storage. By adjusting the volume of the solid hydrogen storage part, the purpose of storing more hydrogen under equal pressure can be achieved.

[0004] However, the above disclosed solution has the following deficiencies: When hydrogen is released, in the early stage, due to the high internal air pressure, the stable output of hydrogen can be ensured through a pressure reducing valve. However, in the later stage, due to the small amount of hydrogen in the tank, the normal discharge of hydrogen cannot be guaranteed. In addition, although the hydrogen storage alloy located inside the tank helps to increase the hydrogen storage capacity, it is difficult to accurately control the hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy, which may cause the air pressure in the tank to rise sharply in a short time, resulting in certain safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to address the problems in the background art that it is difficult to accurately control the hydrogen release of the hydrogen storage alloy and the exhaust of the hydrogen storage tank is not smooth in the later stage, and to propose a hydrogen refueling and storage device.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention: A hydrogen refueling and storage device includes an inner tank, and a charging and discharging pipe is arranged at the top of the inner tank; it further includes: A flange plate is arranged at the bottom of the inner tank, a through hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of the inner tank, and a frame is arranged at the bottom of the flange plate; An outer tank is sleeved outside the inner tank and connected to the flange plate; A partition plate is arranged on the inner wall of the inner tank, and a lifting device is arranged on the partition plate; A piston, which is arranged inside the inner tank and located on the partition board, and the top telescopic end of the lifting device is connected to the bottom of the piston; A solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, which is arranged inside the inner tank and below the partition board. The space above the piston and the space below the partition board are connected by a connecting pipe, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the connecting pipe; And a control system, which is arranged on the frame. The control system is connected to the lifting device, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism and the solenoid valve for control.

[0007] Preferably, inside the inner tank, the space above the piston forms an air chamber, the space below the partition board forms a hydrogen storage alloy chamber. A pressure sensor a is arranged at the center of the top of the piston, and a pressure sensor b is arranged on the hydrogen storage alloy chamber. The control system is connected to the pressure sensor a and the pressure sensor b for data transmission.

[0008] Preferably, a corrugated protection pipe is arranged between the partition board and the piston. The lifting device is located inside the corrugated protection pipe. A wire duct a is arranged at the bottom of the piston, and a wire duct b is arranged on the partition board. The bottom of the wire duct b passes through the flange. The wire duct a is used for the wire routing of the pressure sensor a, the wire duct b is used for the wire routing of the pressure sensor a and the lifting device, and a wire duct c is arranged on the flange for the wire routing of the pressure sensor b. A wire duct d is arranged on the outer tank for the wire routing of the solenoid valve.

[0009] Preferably, an inward flanging is arranged at the bottom of the outer tank. The inward flanging is in contact with the flange surface. A plurality of screw rods a are arranged at the bottom of the inward flanging. After the screw rods a pass through the holes on the flange, they are locked with nuts. An avoidance hole for the charging and discharging pipe to pass through is arranged at the top of the outer tank. A sealing disc is arranged on the charging and discharging pipe. The sealing disc is attached to the inner wall of the top of the outer tank. A plurality of screw rods b are arranged vertically on the sealing disc. After the screw rods b pass through the through holes arranged at the top of the outer tank, they are locked with nuts.

[0010] Preferably, the frame includes a plurality of support legs arranged at the bottom of the flange and a support plate arranged on the support legs.

[0011] Preferably, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism includes a support plate connected to the bottom of the flange, a hydrogen storage alloy arranged on the support plate, and a temperature control device arranged on the frame. A plurality of heat conducting rods are arranged on the temperature control device and pass through the support plate and are inserted into the hydrogen storage alloy. The temperature is transmitted through the heat conducting rods to make the hydrogen storage alloy reach the hydrogen absorption or hydrogen release environment. The control system is connected to the temperature control device for control.

[0012] Preferably, spare hydrogen storage alloy is arranged on the inner wall of the outer tank. A support frame and a heat conducting plate are arranged on the temperature control device. The heat conducting plate is located inside the support frame. The top of the heat conducting plate is in contact with the outer wall of the outer tank at the position where the spare hydrogen storage alloy is located. The temperature control device controls the temperature of the heat conducting plate to provide a hydrogen absorption environment for the spare hydrogen storage alloy.

[0013] Preferably, after hydrogen leaks from the inner tank, the hydrogen enters the space between the inner tank and the outer tank. A hydrogen detection device is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank. After detecting the leak, the temperature control device controls the heat conduction plate to transfer heat so that the spare hydrogen storage alloy absorbs hydrogen. At the same time, the control system sends an alarm to the management personnel to remind the relevant personnel to handle it in time.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: By combining gaseous and solid hydrogen storage, the hydrogen storage capacity is effectively improved; during the process of hydrogen refueling outward, the upward movement of the piston can ensure that the air pressure in the air chamber is always maintained at an appropriate refueling pressure, improving the refueling stability; in addition, when there is a small amount of hydrogen remaining in the inner tank, the piston can move downward to inhale it into the air chamber, and then the piston moves upward to discharge the remaining hydrogen. Only a small amount of hydrogen will remain in the inner tank, which helps to save hydrogen and also helps to quickly empty the inner tank when needed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram from another perspective; Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic structural diagram after removing the outer tank; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the inner tank; Figure 5 is Figure 4 an enlarged schematic view of part A in

[0016] Reference numerals: 1, inner tank; 2, charging and discharging pipe; 3, pressure regulating valve; 4, flange; 5, outer tank; 6, screw a; 7, avoidance hole; 8, sealing disc; 9, screw b; 10, support leg; 11, support plate; 12, piston; 13, lifting device; 14, corrugated protection pipe; 15, air chamber; 16, hydrogen storage alloy chamber; 17, partition; 18, pressure sensor a; 19, wire duct a; 20, wire duct b; 21, hydrogen storage alloy; 22, support plate; 23, screw c; 24, pressure sensor b; 25, wire duct c; 26, connecting pipe; 27, solenoid valve; 28, wire duct d; 29, temperature control device; 30, control system; 31, heat conducting rod; 32, support frame; 33, heat conducting plate; 34, spare hydrogen storage alloy. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0017] As Figures 1-4 shown, a hydrogen refueling and storage device proposed by the present invention includes an inner tank 1. The inner tank 1 is a conventional hydrogen storage tank. A charging and discharging pipe 2 is provided at the top of the inner tank 1. The charging and discharging pipe 2 is used to fill hydrogen into the inner tank 1 or release hydrogen from the inner tank 1. A pressure regulating valve 3 is provided on the charging and discharging pipe 2 to improve the stability of hydrogen release; it further includes: The flange 4 is arranged at the bottom of the inner tank 1. A through hole is arranged at the center of the bottom of the inner tank 1. A frame is arranged at the bottom of the flange 4. The frame includes a plurality of support legs 10 arranged at the bottom of the flange 4 and a support plate 11 arranged on the support legs 10. In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of support legs 10 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction with the axis of the inner tank 1 as the center. The support legs 10 are inclined. The support plate 11 is a circular plate. A plurality of through holes for the support legs 10 to pass through are arranged at the edge of the support plate 11. Then, the support legs 10 and the support plate 11 are welded and fixed. The outer tank 5 is detachably sleeved outside the inner tank 1 and connected to the flange 4. The partition plate 17 is arranged on the inner wall of the inner tank 1. A lifting device 13 is arranged on the partition plate 17. The piston 12 is arranged in the inner tank 1 and located on the partition plate 17. The top telescopic end of the lifting device 13 is connected to the bottom of the piston 12. The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is arranged in the inner tank 1 and below the partition plate 17. The space above the piston 12 and the space below the partition plate 17 are connected through a connecting pipe 26. An electromagnetic valve 27 is arranged on the connecting pipe 26. And the control system 30 is arranged on the frame. The control system 30 is connected to the lifting device 13, the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and the electromagnetic valve 27 for control.

[0018] The data monitoring structure is as follows: Inside the inner tank 1, the space above the piston 12 forms an air chamber 15, and the space below the partition plate 17 forms a hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16. A pressure sensor a18 is arranged at the center of the top of the piston 12 to detect the hydrogen pressure in the air chamber 15. A pressure sensor b24 is arranged on the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16 to detect the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16. The control system 30 is connected to the pressure sensor a18 and the pressure sensor b24 for data transmission.

[0019] A corrugated protection pipe 14 is arranged between the partition plate 17 and the piston 12. The lifting device 13 is located inside the corrugated protection pipe 14. In this embodiment, the lifting device 13 is an electric push rod. A wire duct a19 is arranged at the bottom of the piston 12. A wire duct b20 is arranged on the partition plate 17. The bottom of the wire duct b20 passes through the flange 4. The wire duct a19 is used for the wire routing of the pressure sensor a18. A wire harness seal is arranged at the place where the wire passes through the piston 12. The wire duct b20 is used for the wire routing of the pressure sensor a18 and the lifting device 13. A wire duct c25 is arranged on the flange 4 for the wire routing of the pressure sensor b24. A wire duct d28 is arranged on the outer tank 5 for the wire routing of the electromagnetic valve 27. Seals are arranged at the ends of the wire duct a19, the wire duct b20, the wire duct c25, and the wire duct d28.

[0020] The connection method between the outer tank 5 and the inner tank 1 is as follows: The bottom of the outer tank 5 is provided with an inward flanging, and the inward flanging is in surface contact with the flange 4 to form a seal. To improve the sealing effect, an annular sealing ring can also be provided on the flange 4 and the inward flanging. Multiple screw rods a6 are provided at the bottom of the inward flanging. After the screw rods a6 pass through the holes on the flange 4, they are locked with nuts. An avoidance hole 7 for the charging and discharging pipe 2 to pass through is provided at the top of the outer tank 5. A sealing disc 8 is provided on the charging and discharging pipe 2, and the sealing disc 8 fits against the inner wall of the top of the outer tank 5 to form a seal. To improve the sealing effect, a sealing ring can also be provided on the sealing disc 8 and the inner wall of the top of the outer tank 5. Multiple screw rods b9 are vertically provided on the sealing disc 8. After the screw rods b9 pass through the through holes provided at the top of the outer tank 5, they are locked with nuts; when the outer tank 5 needs to be disassembled, after removing the nuts on the screw rods b9 and the screw rods a6, it can be moved upward from the bottom to directly remove the outer tank 5.

[0021] The structure of the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is as follows: The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism includes a support plate 22 connected to the bottom of the flange 4, a hydrogen storage alloy 21 provided on the support plate 22, and a temperature control device 29 provided on the frame. Multiple heat conduction rods 31 that pass through the support plate 22 and are inserted into the hydrogen storage alloy 21 are provided on the temperature control device 29. The temperature is transmitted through the heat conduction rods 31 to enable the hydrogen storage alloy 21 to reach the hydrogen absorption or hydrogen release environment. The control system 30 is connected to the temperature control device 29 for control; in an optional embodiment, multiple screw rods c23 are provided at the bottom of the flange 4, and multiple through holes for the screw rods c23 to pass through are provided on the support plate 22. The support plate 22 is locked with nuts, and the support plate 22 and the flange 4 form a tight surface contact to achieve sealing.

[0022] A spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank 5. A support frame 32 and a heat conduction plate 33 are provided on the temperature control device 29. The heat conduction plate 33 is located inside the support frame 32, and the top of the heat conduction plate 33 is in contact with the outer wall of the outer tank 5 at the position where the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 is located. The temperature control device 29 controls the temperature of the heat conduction plate 33 to provide a hydrogen absorption environment for the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34.

[0023] After hydrogen leaks from the inner tank 1, the hydrogen enters the space between the inner tank 1 and the outer tank 5. A hydrogen detection device is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank 5. After detecting the leak, the temperature control device 29 controls the heat conduction plate 33 to transfer temperature to enable the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 to absorb hydrogen. Specifically, the heat conduction plate 33 needs to transfer low temperature to enable the spare hydrogen storage alloy 34 to absorb hydrogen, maintaining safety in the short term. At the same time, the control system 30 sends an alarm to the management personnel to remind the relevant personnel to handle it in time.

[0024] In summary, when the present invention is in use, during hydrogen charging, the solenoid valve 27 is opened, and the temperature is controlled by the heat conduction rod 31 to make the hydrogen storage alloy 21 enter the hydrogen absorption state. Hydrogen enters the air chamber 15 from the charging and discharging pipe 2 and enters the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16 through the connecting pipe 26 until it is filled. Whether it is filled is judged according to the values of the air pressure sensor a18 and the air pressure sensor b24. After the hydrogen charging is completed, the solenoid valve 27 is closed, and gaseous and solid storage are carried out through the air chamber 15 and the hydrogen storage alloy chamber 16, improving the hydrogen storage capacity of the inner tank 1. When hydrogen is subsequently refueled to other devices, the solenoid valve 27 is initially in the closed state. As the hydrogen in the air chamber 15 is discharged, the internal air pressure of the air chamber 15 begins to drop. The piston 12 is pushed upward by the lifting device 13 to ensure that the hydrogen air pressure in the air chamber 15 is within a suitable refueling range, ensuring refueling stability. After the piston 12 moves to the uppermost position, the refueling is paused, the solenoid valve 27 is opened, and the hydrogen storage alloy 21 enters the hydrogen release state. At the same time, the lifting device 13 drives the piston 12 to move downward, and hydrogen continuously enters the air chamber 15 until the piston 12 moves to the lowest point and the internal air pressure reaches the set value, then the solenoid valve 27 is closed, and the hydrogen storage alloy 21 exits the hydrogen release state, and the hydrogen refueling work to other devices continues to cycle. When all the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage alloy 21 is released, the hydrogen can be inhaled into the air chamber 15 by the downward movement of the piston 12, then the solenoid valve 27 is closed, and the piston 12 rises, so that the hydrogen in the inner tank 1 can be discharged. The remaining hydrogen amount is very small, which helps to save hydrogen and also helps to quickly empty the inner tank 1 when needed.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

Claims

1. A hydrogen filling and storage device, comprising an inner tank (1), and a charging and discharging pipe (2) is arranged at the top of the inner tank (1); characterized in that, It further includes: A flange (4) is provided at the bottom of the inner tank (1). A through hole is provided at the center of the bottom of the inner tank (1). A frame is provided at the bottom of the flange (4). An outer tank (5) is sleeved outside the inner tank (1) and connected to the flange (4). A partition plate (17) is provided on the inner wall of the inner tank (1). A lifting device (13) is provided on the partition plate (17). A piston (12) is fitted inside the inner tank (1) and located on the partition plate (17). The top telescopic end of the lifting device (13) is connected to the bottom of the piston (12). A solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism is provided inside the inner tank (1) and below the partition plate (17). The space above the piston (12) and the space below the partition plate (17) are connected by a communication pipe (26). An electromagnetic valve (27) is provided on the communication pipe (26). And a control system (30) is provided on the frame. The control system (30) is connected to the lifting device (13), the solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism, and the electromagnetic valve (27) for control.

2. The hydrogen refueling and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Inside the inner tank (1), the space above the piston (12) forms an air chamber (15), and the space below the partition plate (17) forms a hydrogen storage alloy chamber (16). A pressure sensor a (18) is provided at the center of the top of the piston (12), and a pressure sensor b (24) is provided on the hydrogen storage alloy chamber (16). The control system (30) is connected to the pressure sensor a (18) and the pressure sensor b (24) for data transmission.

3. The hydrogen filling and storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A corrugated protection pipe (14) is provided between the partition plate (17) and the piston (12). The lifting device (13) is located inside the corrugated protection pipe (14). A wire duct a (19) is provided at the bottom of the piston (12), and a wire duct b (20) is provided on the partition plate (17). The bottom of the wire duct b (20) passes through the flange (4). The wire duct a (19) is used for the wire routing of the pressure sensor a (18), and the wire duct b (20) is used for the wire routing of the pressure sensor a (18) and the lifting device (13). A wire duct c (25) is provided on the flange (4) for the wire routing of the pressure sensor b (24), and a wire duct d (28) is provided on the outer tank (5) for the wire routing of the electromagnetic valve (27).

4. The hydrogen refueling and storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that An inward flanging is provided at the bottom of the outer tank (5). The inward flanging is in surface contact with the flange (4). A plurality of screw rods a (6) are provided at the bottom of the inward flanging. After the screw rods a (6) pass through the holes on the flange (4), they are locked with nuts. An avoidance hole (7) for the charging and discharging pipe (2) to pass through is provided at the top of the outer tank (5). A sealing disc (8) is provided on the charging and discharging pipe (2). The sealing disc (8) fits against the inner wall of the top of the outer tank (5). A plurality of screw rods b (9) are vertically provided on the sealing disc (8). After the screw rods b (9) pass through the through holes provided at the top of the outer tank (5), they are locked with nuts.

5. The hydrogen filling and storage equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame includes a plurality of support legs (10) provided at the bottom of the flange (4) and a support plate (11) provided on the support legs (10).

6. The hydrogen filling and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solid-state hydrogen storage mechanism includes a pallet (22) connected to the bottom of a flange plate (4), a hydrogen storage alloy (21) disposed on the pallet (22), and a temperature control device (29) disposed on the frame. A plurality of heat conduction rods (31) passing through the pallet (22) and inserted into the hydrogen storage alloy (21) are provided on the temperature control device (29). The temperature is transmitted through the heat conduction rods (31) to enable the hydrogen storage alloy (21) to reach a hydrogen absorption or hydrogen release environment. The control system (30) is controllably connected to the temperature control device (29).

7. The hydrogen filling and storage device according to claim 6, wherein, A spare hydrogen storage alloy (34) is disposed on the inner wall of the outer tank (5). A support frame (32) and a heat conduction plate (33) are provided on the temperature control device (29). The heat conduction plate (33) is located inside the support frame (32). The top of the heat conduction plate (33) contacts the outer wall of the outer tank (5) at the position where the spare hydrogen storage alloy (34) is located. The temperature control device (29) controls the temperature of the heat conduction plate (33) to provide a hydrogen absorption environment for the spare hydrogen storage alloy (34).

8. The hydrogen filling and storage device according to claim 7, wherein, After hydrogen leaks from the inner tank (1), the hydrogen enters the space between the inner tank (1) and the outer tank (5). A hydrogen detection device is provided on the inner wall of the outer tank (5). After detecting the leak, the temperature control device (29) controls the heat conduction plate (33) to transfer temperature to cause the spare hydrogen storage alloy (34) to absorb hydrogen.

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