Multifunctional test tool for elevator bearing

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator bearing multifunctional test tool, which comprises a frame body, a mandrel, a tool seat, a support plate and a drive plate, a through hole penetrates through the tool seat, and a to-be-tested bearing is connected between the mandrel and the through hole. The driving plate is provided with a driving structure which is used for driving the mandrel to operate to enable the to-be-tested bearing to operate synchronously so as to simulate the actual operation condition of the elevator bearing, and the frame body is provided with a first simulation structure which is used for applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the to-be-tested bearing so as to simulate the actual static or dynamic radial load condition of the bearing. The frame body is also provided with a second simulation structure used for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the to-be-tested bearing and a third simulation structure used for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the to-be-tested bearing so as to simulate the working condition that the bearing is actually subjected to the static axial load or the reciprocating axial load. The problems that a traditional elevator bearing test tool is single in detection function and different load working conditions borne by an elevator bearing in actual operation are difficult to simulate are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of multifunctional testing tooling for elevator bearings, in particular to a multifunctional testing tooling for elevator bearings. Background Art

[0002] In the field of elevator manufacturing and maintenance, traction machine bearings are core transmission components, and their performance directly affects the safety and reliability of elevator operation. Therefore, comprehensive and accurate performance testing of elevator bearings is a key link in ensuring product quality.

[0003] However, traditional elevator bearing testing tooling has many limitations: on the one hand, the detection function of traditional elevator bearing testing equipment is relatively simple, and most tooling can only test a single type of load (such as static radial load), which cannot meet the requirements of simulating the working conditions of elevator bearings under multiple composite loads in actual operation; on the other hand, existing tooling is difficult to truly restore the stress state of elevator bearings under complex working conditions. For example, during elevator starting, braking and car overload, the bearings need to withstand the coupling of dynamic radial force, axial force and torque at the same time, and traditional tooling lacks effective dynamic loading and multi-load collaborative simulation mechanism, resulting in a large deviation between the test results and the actual operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a multifunctional testing tool for elevator bearings to solve the problem that traditional elevator bearing testing tooling has a single detection function and is difficult to simulate the different load conditions that elevator bearings are actually subjected to during operation.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a multifunctional testing fixture for elevator bearings, comprising a frame, a core shaft and a fixture seat, wherein the frame is provided with a support plate and a drive plate along its height direction, the fixture seat is provided on the support plate and is penetrated by a through hole for the core shaft to pass through, a bearing to be tested is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the core shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the through hole, the drive plate is provided with a driving structure for driving the core shaft to operate so that the bearing to be tested operates synchronously to simulate the actual operating conditions of the elevator bearing, the frame is provided with a first simulation structure for cooperating with the driving structure and applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static or dynamic radial load condition of the bearing, the frame is also provided with a second simulation structure for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and a third simulation structure for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static axial load or reciprocating axial load condition of the bearing.

[0006] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the frame body serves as the basic support structure, and the support plate and the drive plate arranged in the height direction form a hierarchical layout. Among them, the support plate is used to fix the tooling seat to position the bearing to be tested, while the drive plate provides an installation basis for the drive structure and realizes the linkage of the dynamic loading components; in the above technology, the mandrel passes through the perforation of the tooling seat and is connected to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested, ensuring that the bearing rotates synchronously with the mandrel to simulate the actual rotation working condition, and the perforation design of the tooling seat realizes the detachable installation of the outer ring of the bearing, meeting the test requirements of bearings of different specifications; in the above technology, the drive structure drives the mandrel to rotate, providing a real rotational speed simulation for the bearing, thereby simulating the actual operating condition of the elevator bearing; and the first simulation structure is linked with the drive structure, and can apply static or dynamic radial loads to the inner ring of the bearing, adapting to the change of radial force under working conditions such as starting and braking, thereby simulating the radial load condition suffered by the elevator bearing during actual operation; and the second simulation structure applies a static radial load to the outer ring to simulate constant loads such as the gravity of the car; the third simulation structure applies static or reciprocating axial loads to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested, thereby restoring the axial force of the elevator bearing under working conditions such as uneven wire rope tension during actual operation.

[0007] Through the setting of the above technical structure, a multi-dimensional load simulation system is constructed: that is, by the drive structure, the operating state of the bearing is ensured to be consistent with the actual working condition, providing a dynamic basis for load simulation; through the first to third simulation structures, the radial and axial loads on the inner and outer rings are accurately applied respectively, covering static, dynamic, unidirectional and composite load types; through the cooperation of the frame body, the mandrel and the tooling seat, the stable installation and rapid replacement of the bearing are realized. Through the modular structure design and the collaborative work of multi-load simulation components, the above technology breaks through the limitation of the single-load test of traditional tooling, can complete the multi-condition performance test of the bearing on the same platform, improves the test efficiency, and at the same time ensures the high coincidence of the test data and the actual operating state, providing a comprehensive and reliable technical basis for the bearing design optimization and quality assessment.

[0008] The present invention is further provided with: a drive seat and a transmission shaft are arranged on the drive plate, a transmission hole for the transmission shaft to pass through is opened on the drive seat, a companion test bearing is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission hole, the drive structure includes a servo motor arranged on the drive plate, the output end of the servo motor is coaxially connected with the end of the transmission shaft and is connected with a coupling, and two transmission belts are belt-connected between the transmission shaft and the mandrel, and the two transmission belts are respectively arranged at both ends of the mandrel.

[0009] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the driving seat on the driving board and the transmission shaft form the core of power transmission. The accompanying test bearing in the transmission hole reduces the friction loss during the operation of the transmission shaft and improves the stability of the transmission system. The servo motor is coaxially connected to the transmission shaft through a coupling to achieve efficient power output and precise control of the rotational speed. By arranging two groups of transmission belts at both ends of the core shaft, a symmetrical power transmission path is formed, avoiding eccentric operation of the core shaft caused by unilateral force, and at the same time, the elastic characteristics of the transmission belt can buffer the torque impact at the moment of startup and simulate the load fluctuation in actual operation. Through the symmetrical layout and precise transmission design of the above technical structure, it ensures that the core shaft drives the bearing to be tested to rotate at a stable speed, and the rotational speed error is controlled within a very small range, providing a constant operating basis for load simulation. The cooperation between the accompanying test bearing and the transmission belt reduces power loss and improves the transmission efficiency of the system, while adapting to high-frequency start-stop working conditions. Among them, the high-precision control of the servo motor realizes stepless adjustment of the rotational speed, meeting the test requirements of the bearing rotational speed for different elevator models. Through the setting of the above overall structure, not only the reliability of the drive system is ensured, but also through the symmetrical transmission and elastic buffer design, the operating state of the bearing is closer to the actual working conditions, creating a stable mechanical environment for the accurate application of subsequent radial and axial loads, and ensuring the authenticity and repeatability of the bearing force state during the test.

[0010] The present invention is further provided with: a chute is provided on the frame body along its height direction, a first driving motor is provided on the back of the top of the frame body, a sliding portion extends from the end of the driving board into the chute, the first simulation structure includes a first ball screw provided along the height direction of the frame body, the first ball screw includes a first nut portion and a first screw portion, the first nut portion is perpendicularly connected to the sliding portion, the first screw portion is coaxially connected to the output end of the first driving motor, the opening direction of the first screw portion is the same as the opening direction of the chute and the first screw portion is relatively perpendicular to the sliding portion, and two first guide shafts are provided on the frame body along its height direction, and the two first guide shafts are oppositely arranged and penetrate through the sliding portion.

[0011] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: Through mechatronic design, the first simulation structure realizes continuously adjustable static radial load: that is, the first driving motor adjusts the position of the driving plate in real time according to the preset working condition parameters, drives the driving plate to slide along the height direction of the frame body, so that the distance between the driving plate and the supporting plate changes synchronously, and then realizes the stretching or retraction of the transmission belt. Since the transmission belt has elasticity, when the distance between the driving plate and the supporting plate becomes larger, the driving seat and the servo motor will be driven to shift as the driving plate shifts, and then the transmission belt is stretched. When the transmission belt is stretched, the transmission belt deforms and generates a deformation mechanical force, so that the force exerted by the transmission belt on the mandrel increases. Part of the force exerted by the transmission belt on the mandrel is conducted to the inner ring to be tested through the mandrel, thus realizing the loading of the static radial load; In the above technology, the frame chute provides a guiding track for the driving plate to ensure its stable movement along the height direction. The first driving motor, as the power source, converts the rotational motion into a linear motion through the first ball screw. The first nut part is vertically connected to the sliding part of the driving plate to realize precise adjustment of the position of the driving plate. The first guiding shaft passes through the sliding part and is arranged parallel to the chute to further enhance the anti-deviation ability when the driving plate moves and reduce the lateral displacement error. In the above technology, the high-precision transmission characteristics of the ball screw ensure the resolution of load application and meet the simulation requirements for small load changes. The cooperation between the guiding shaft and the chute forms a rigid support structure, improving the structural stiffness during the loading process. Through the setting of the above technology, precise control of the load magnitude and action direction is achieved, meeting the radial load simulation requirements of elevator bearings in different operating stages (such as uniform speed, acceleration, and deceleration), and improving the adaptability of the tooling to complex working conditions.

[0012] The present invention is further provided that: the first simulation structure further includes two sets of eccentric members, the two sets of eccentric members are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission belt, the eccentric member includes a turntable, a second driving motor for driving the turntable to rotate, and a loading shaft eccentrically arranged on the turntable. Two sets of frame plates are arranged on the driving plate, the two sets of frame plates are arranged oppositely and are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission belt, the two second driving motors are respectively arranged on the two frame plates, the outer peripheral wall surface of the loading shaft is a contact surface for abutting against the outer wall surface of the adjacent transmission belt body, and a high-frequency response pressure sensor is embedded in the contact surface.

[0013] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, two sets of eccentric parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission belt. When the second driving motor drives the turntable to rotate, the eccentrically arranged loading shaft makes a circular motion with the center of the turntable as the center. Its contact surface contacts the outer wall of the transmission belt and applies periodic pressure or continuous pressure. When applying force to the transmission belt, it will change the tension of the transmission belt, so as to simulate the dynamic radial load or static radial load caused by vibration or load fluctuation during elevator operation; and the contact surface of the outer peripheral wall of the loading shaft is made of wear-resistant material, and the embedded high-frequency response pressure sensor collects the contact pressure signal in real time, providing feedback data for the control system to adjust the loading parameters. Through the above adjustable eccentric distance design, the amplitude of load fluctuation can be changed, and the rotation speed of the turntable is adjusted to correspond to dynamic loads of different frequencies, meeting the simulation requirements of various working conditions. The high-frequency response characteristics of the sensor ensure the complete capture of dynamic load signals and avoid signal distortion.

[0014] The above structure combines mechanical vibration loading and real-time sensing technology: that is, the periodic motion of the eccentric part is transmitted to the core shaft through the transmission belt, so that the inner ring of the bearing to be tested bears a regularly changing radial load, effectively simulating the dynamic force caused by car vibration or traction machine imbalance; and the pressure sensor monitors the load amplitude and frequency in real time, providing the original signal for the test data acquisition system, which is convenient for subsequent bearing fatigue life analysis. The symmetry of load application is ensured by the eccentric parts arranged symmetrically on both sides, preventing the bearing from generating additional axial torque due to unilateral force, improving the accuracy and reliability of dynamic load simulation, and enabling the tooling to truly restore the stress state of the bearing in a complex vibration environment.

[0015] The present invention is further provided with: an adjusting plate is arranged on the driving plate, an adjusting groove is opened along the length direction of the driving plate, a second ball screw is movably arranged in the adjusting groove, the second ball screw includes a second nut portion and a second screw rod portion, the adjusting plate is movably arranged above the driving plate along the length direction of the driving plate, the second nut portion is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the adjusting plate, a third driving motor is arranged on the bottom wall of the driving plate, and the output end of the third driving motor is belt-drivenly connected to the end of the second screw rod portion by a synchronous belt. The frame plate, the driving seat and the servo motor are all arranged on the adjusting plate.

[0016] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the adjustment groove in the above technology provides installation space for the second ball screw, and when the third drive motor drives the second screw part to rotate through the synchronous belt, the second nut part moves along the length direction of the second screw part, and the second nut part is connected to the bottom wall of the adjustment plate, so as to realize the linear movement of the adjustment plate along the length direction of the drive plate; and the frame plate, drive seat, and servo motor are integrated into the adjustment plate, and the center distance between the drive shaft and the core shaft changes as the adjustment plate moves, thereby adjusting the transmission belt tension. This adjustment structure realizes stepless adjustment of the transmission belt tension through mechanical transmission: when it is necessary to adapt to bearings of different specifications or simulate the working conditions of wire rope tension changes, the third drive motor drives the adjustment plate to move, accurately controlling the tension of the transmission belt, and the tension adjustment range covers the requirements of conventional working conditions; the drive components integrated into the adjustment plate move synchronously, avoiding installation errors caused by individual adjustments and improving the operating convenience of the tooling. At the same time, this structure provides a hardware foundation for the coordinated simulation of transmission belt tension and radial load. While applying a dynamic radial load, it can simulate the load coupling effect under different working conditions by adjusting the tension, further expanding the testing function of the tooling and meeting the testing requirements of multi-parameter coordinated loading under complex working conditions.

[0017] The present invention is further provided with: a top plate is provided on the top of the frame, and the top plate is provided above the support plate; the second simulation structure includes a loading disk and a plurality of radial loading cylinders; the plurality of radial loading cylinders are evenly distributed on the top plate in an annular direction and the output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders pass through the top plate and are all hinged to the top of the loading disk; the output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders are all arranged perpendicularly to the core shaft; a pressure shaft is coaxially connected to the bottom of the loading disk, and the pressure shaft is arranged in linkage with the workpiece seat.

[0018] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the top plate of the frame body provides an installation reference for the second simulation structure. A number of radial loading cylinders are circumferentially distributed on the top plate, and their output ends are hinged to the top of the loading plate, forming a multi-point balanced loading structure. The pressurizing shaft at the bottom of the loading plate is linked and cooperated with the tooling seat, converting the thrust of the radial loading cylinder into a force acting on the tooling seat, and then conducting it to the outer ring of the bearing through the tooling seat, thereby realizing the static radial load loading on the outer ring of the bearing. The stable application of the static radial load is achieved through the above structure: that is, multiple loading cylinders act synchronously to ensure that the load magnitudes are the same and the directions are perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel, simulating constant radial loads such as the gravity of the traction wheel. The rigid connection between the loading plate and the pressurizing shaft ensures the directness of the load transmission path and reduces energy loss. This static loading system is independent of and works in coordination with the dynamic loading structure, and can continuously apply a constant radial load during the operation of the bearing, thereby simulating the radial load conditions suffered by the bearing during actual operation, that is, simulating constant loads such as the gravity of the car. In the above technology, the radial loading cylinders are driven by hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, with the characteristics of fast response speed and high load control accuracy; the circumferential uniform distribution design of a number of radial loading cylinders makes the load evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer ring of the bearing, avoiding local stress concentration.

[0019] The present invention is further provided that: a stress-bearing plane is machined on the top wall of the tooling seat by a cutting process, the pressurizing shaft is hingedly cooperated with the stress-bearing plane, and a radial load sensor is arranged between the pressurizing shaft and the loading plate.

[0020] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The stress-bearing plane on the top wall of the tooling seat in the above technology is machined by a cutting process, having a certain flatness and surface hardness, providing a rigid support surface for the pressurizing shaft to ensure the vertical transmission of the static radial load; the radial load sensor arranged between the pressurizing shaft and the loading plate adopts high-precision strain type or piezoresistive elements, which can capture the minute changes in the load during the loading process in real time, provide feedback signals for the control system to achieve closed-loop control, and thus improve the test accuracy and efficiency.

[0021] The present invention is further provided that: the third simulation structure includes a third ball screw and a fourth driving motor. The third ball screw includes a third screw part and two third nut parts that cooperate with the third screw part and are movably arranged on the third screw part along the direction in which the third screw part is provided. The third screw part is rotatably arranged on the top plate, the fourth driving motor is arranged on the top plate and the output end of the fourth driving motor is coaxially connected to the end of the third screw part. Substrates are arranged on both of the two third nut parts, the substrates are arranged perpendicular to the top plate, the two substrates are respectively arranged on both sides of the tooling seat, cylinders are arranged on the substrates and the output ends of the cylinders are arranged towards the tooling seat, and a contact shaft that is coaxially connected to the output end of the cylinder and is used for contacting the side wall of the inner ring of the bearing to be tested is arranged.

[0022] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the third ball screw of the third simulation structure adopts a bidirectional screw design. When the fourth driving motor drives the third screw part to rotate, the two third nut parts move synchronously along the screw part, causing the substrates arranged on both sides of the tooling seat to perform synchronous displacement movements. The output end of the cylinder on the substrate contacts or separates from the side wall of the inner ring of the bearing through the abutting shaft, realizing the unidirectional application or bidirectional application of static axial load or the periodic loading of reciprocating axial load. This structure realizes the multi-mode simulation of axial load through mechatronic design: that is, in the static mode, the cylinder maintains a constant thrust to simulate the unidirectional axial load caused by the wire rope tension; in the reciprocating mode, the cylinder combines the position adjustment of the ball screw to output a periodic axial force according to the preset frequency and stroke, so as to restore the axial load fluctuation caused by the car partial load, and then simulate the static or dynamic axial load conditions suffered by the bearing during actual operation, thereby improving the test accuracy and test efficiency.

[0023] The present invention is further provided that: a wear-resistant head is provided at the end of the abutting shaft, the wear-resistant head is made of rubber material, and a pressure sensor is provided in the wear-resistant head.

[0024] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the wear-resistant head at the end of the abutting shaft is made of rubber material, and its elastic characteristics can buffer the instantaneous impact when the axial load is applied, avoiding damage to the end face of the inner ring of the bearing caused by rigid contact; the pressure sensor embedded inside the wear-resistant head adopts a thin-film type or piezoelectric type element, which can monitor the contact pressure between the abutting shaft and the inner ring of the bearing in real time, provide real-time data for the closed-loop control of the axial load, and then improve the test accuracy and test efficiency.

[0025] The present invention is further provided that: it further includes a sensor group and two test seats arranged on the support plate. The two test seats are arranged on both sides of the support seat, and through holes for the core shaft to pass through are provided in the test seats. The sensor group includes two spoke-type sensors. Card slots are circumferentially formed on the inner peripheral wall of the through hole. The two spoke-type sensors are respectively arranged in the two card slots. The spoke-type sensors are detachably connected to the card slots. The two ends of the core shaft are respectively inserted and matched with the shaft holes of the two spoke-type sensors. The sensor group further includes a multi-axis force sensor, and the multi-axis force sensor is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and the through hole.

[0026] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the test seats on the support plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the tooling seat. The clamping grooves in the through holes are used to fix the spoke-type sensors. The sensor shaft holes are inserted and matched with both ends of the mandrel to directly measure the radial force received by the mandrel. The multi-axis force sensor is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and the perforation of the tooling seat, and can synchronously monitor multi-directional loads such as radial and axial loads borne by the outer ring. The above technology constructs a multi-dimensional load monitoring system through a distributed layout: that is, the spoke-type sensor directly measures the radial force on the mandrel to avoid interference from external factors such as the tension of the transmission belt on the measurement results; the multi-axis force sensor captures the composite load of the outer ring of the bearing in real time, provides original data for analyzing the load distribution of the inner and outer rings of the bearing and the stress state of the rolling elements, and through multi-source data fusion, provides rich parameter support for bearing failure analysis, life prediction, etc., making the tooling have higher test accuracy and technical added value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the front perspective of the present invention; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the back perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 is a partial three-dimensional view of the present invention after removing the frame and the top plate; Figure 4 is a partial three-dimensional view of the support plate and its linkage structure in the present invention; Figure 5 is a partial three-dimensional view of the drive plate and its linkage structure in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The present invention provides a multi-functional test tooling for elevator bearings, including a frame body 1, a mandrel 21 and a tooling seat 2. The frame body 1 is provided with a support plate 11 and a driving plate 12 along its height direction. The tooling seat 2 is arranged on the support plate 11, and a perforation 22 for the mandrel 21 to pass through is provided through the tooling seat 2. A bearing to be tested 23 is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the mandrel 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the perforation 22. The driving plate 12 is provided with a driving structure for driving the mandrel 21 to operate so that the bearing to be tested 23 operates synchronously to simulate the actual operating conditions of the elevator bearing. The frame body 1 is provided with a first simulation structure for being linked and cooperated with the driving structure and applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested 23 to simulate the actual condition of the bearing under static or dynamic radial load. The frame body 1 is further provided with a second simulation structure for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested 23 and a third simulation structure for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested 23 to simulate the actual condition of the bearing under static axial load or reciprocating axial load. The driving plate 12 is provided with a driving seat 13 and a transmission shaft 131. A transmission hole 132 for the transmission shaft 131 to pass through is provided in the driving seat 13. A companion bearing 133 is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft 131 and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission hole 132. The driving structure includes a servo motor 14 arranged on the driving plate 12. The output end of the servo motor 14 is coaxially connected with the end of the transmission shaft 131 and is connected with a coupling. There are two sets of transmission belts 15 in belt transmission connection between the transmission shaft 131 and the mandrel 21. The two sets of transmission belts 15 are respectively arranged at both ends of the mandrel 21. The frame body 1 is provided with a chute 16 along its height direction. The back of the top of the frame body 1 is provided with a first driving motor 31. The end of the driving plate 12 extends into the chute 16 with a sliding part 121. The first simulation structure includes a first ball screw 3 opened along the height direction of the frame body 1. The first ball screw 3 includes a first nut part 32 and a first screw part 33. The first nut part 32 is vertically connected with the sliding part 121. The first screw part 33 is coaxially connected with the output end of the first driving motor 31. The opening direction of the first screw part 33 is the same as the opening direction of the chute 16 and the first screw part 33 is relatively perpendicular to the sliding part 121. The frame body 1 is provided with two first guide shafts 34 along its height direction. The two first guide shafts 34 are relatively arranged and pass through the sliding part 121. The first simulation structure further includes two sets of eccentric parts. The two sets of eccentric parts are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission belt 15. The eccentric part includes a turntable 35, a second driving motor 36 for driving the turntable 35 to operate and a loading shaft 351 eccentrically arranged on the turntable 35. The driving plate 12 is provided with two sets of frame plates 361. The two sets of frame plates 361 are relatively arranged and are respectively arranged on both sides of the transmission belt 15. The two second driving motors 36 are respectively arranged on the two frame plates 361.The outer peripheral wall surface of the loading shaft 351 is a contact surface 352 for abutting against the outer wall surface of the adjacent transmission belt 15. A high-frequency response pressure sensor is embedded in the contact surface 352. An adjusting plate 41 is arranged on the driving plate 12. An adjusting groove 122 is formed in the driving plate 12 along its length direction. A second ball screw 4 is movably arranged in the adjusting groove 122. The second ball screw 4 includes a second nut portion and a second screw portion 43. The adjusting plate 41 is movably arranged above the driving plate 12 along the length direction of the driving plate 12. The second nut portion is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the adjusting plate 41. A third driving motor 44 is arranged on the bottom wall of the driving plate 12. The output end of the third driving motor 44 is belt-drivenly connected to the end of the second screw portion 43 by a synchronous belt 45. The frame plate 361, the driving seat 13 and the servo motor 14 are all arranged on the adjusting plate 41. A top plate 5 is arranged at the top of the frame body 1. The top plate 5 is arranged above the support plate 11. The second simulation structure includes a loading disc 51 and a plurality of radial loading cylinders 52. The plurality of radial loading cylinders 52 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the top plate 5. The output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders 52 penetrate through the top plate 5 and are all hinged to the top of the loading disc 51. The output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders 52 are all arranged perpendicular to the core shaft 21. The bottom of the loading disc 51 is coaxially connected with a pressure application shaft 53. The pressure application shaft 53 is in linkage cooperation with the tooling seat 2. The top wall of the tooling seat 2 is processed with a stress plane 24 by a cutting process. The pressure application shaft 53 is in hinge cooperation with the stress plane 24. A radial load sensor is arranged between the pressure application shaft 53 and the loading disc 51. The third simulation structure includes a third ball screw 6 and a fourth driving motor 61. The third ball screw 6 includes a third screw portion 62 and two third nut portions 63 that cooperate with the third screw portion 62 and are movably arranged on the third screw portion 62 along the direction in which the third screw portion 62 is formed. The third screw portion 62 is rotatably arranged on the top plate 5. The fourth driving motor 61 is arranged on the top plate 5 and the output end of the fourth driving motor 61 is coaxially connected to the end of the third screw portion 62. Substrates 64 are arranged on both of the third nut portions 63. The substrates 64 are arranged perpendicular to the top plate 5. The two substrates 64 are respectively arranged on both sides of the tooling seat 2. A cylinder 641 is arranged on the substrate 64 and the output end of the cylinder 641 is arranged towards the tooling seat 2. The output end of the cylinder 641 is coaxially connected with a contact shaft 642 for contacting the inner ring side wall of the bearing 23 to be tested. A wear-resistant head 643 is arranged at the end of the contact shaft 642. The wear-resistant head 643 is made of rubber material. A pressure sensor is arranged in the wear-resistant head 643. It further includes a sensor group and two test seats 7 arranged on the support plate 11. The two test seats 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the support seat and through holes 71 for the core shaft 21 to pass through are formed in the test seats 7. The sensor group includes two spoke-type sensors 72. A clamping groove is circumferentially formed in the inner peripheral wall of the through hole 71. The two spoke-type sensors 72 are respectively arranged in the two clamping grooves.The spoke - type sensor 72 is detachably connected to the card slot. The two ends of the mandrel 21 are respectively inserted and matched with the shaft holes of the two spoke - type sensors 72. The sensor group further includes a multi - axis force sensor 73, and the multi - axis force sensor 73 is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing 23 to be tested and the perforation 22.,

[0029] The test process of this tooling: I. Initialization and preparation stage: 1. Bearing installation and positioning: Embed the outer ring of the bearing to be tested into the perforation of the tooling seat, fix it through the detachable connection structure, pass the mandrel through the inner ring of the bearing and co - axially position it with the perforation of the tooling seat; After the transmission shaft on the driving plate passes through the accompanying bearing, it is connected to both ends of the mandrel through two groups of transmission belts to form a symmetric power transmission path; 2. Driving system debugging: Start the third driving motor, adjust the position of the adjusting plate on the driving plate through the second ball screw, adjust the center distance between the transmission shaft and the mandrel to make the tension of the transmission belt meet the requirements of the test working condition; After the servo motor is powered on, run it idly to confirm the rotational speed control accuracy and the stability of the transmission system; 3. Load simulation structure reset: The first driving motor of the first simulation structure drives the ball screw to make the sliding part of the driving plate reset to the initial position along the chute of the frame; The fourth driving motor of the third simulation structure drives the third ball screw to adjust the two side substrates and the cylinder to the zero position of the axial load, ensuring that the loading component is in the initial state.

[0030] II. Dynamic operation simulation stage: (1) Radial load simulation: 1. Mandrel drive and rotational speed loading: According to the actual operating parameters of the elevator bearing, set the rotational speed of the mandrel (adjustable from 0 - 3000 rpm) through the servo motor controller. The servo motor drives the transmission shaft to rotate through the coupling, and synchronously drives the mandrel and the bearing to be tested to operate through two groups of transmission belts, simulating the actual rotational speed working condition of the elevator traction machine; 2. Operation state monitoring: The spoke - type sensor monitors the radial force balance at both ends of the mandrel to ensure that the mandrel runs without eccentricity; The multi - axis force sensor synchronously collects the initial load data of the bearing outer ring as the reference parameter for no - load operation.

[0031] III. Multi - load collaborative loading stage: 1. Static radial load application (second simulation structure): The control system sends a command to the radial loading cylinder, adjusts the hydraulic / pneumatic pressure according to the preset load value (such as 0 - 50 kN), and several circumferentially evenly distributed loading cylinders extend synchronously. The static radial load is vertically applied to the bearing outer ring through the loading disk and the pressure - applying shaft; The radial load sensor real - time feeds back the load value to the external intelligent industrial control computer to simulate constant radial loads such as the gravity of the car.

[0032] 2. Dynamic Radial Load Application (First Simulation Structure): Position Linkage Loading: The first driving motor drives the ball screw according to the working condition curve (such as sine wave, step wave), drives the driving plate to reciprocate in the height direction, and contacts the transmission belt through the loading shaft of the eccentric part to convert the displacement change into the dynamic radial load of the inner ring of the bearing; Vibration Load Simulation: The second driving motor drives the turntable to rotate, and the eccentrically arranged loading shaft applies periodic pressure to the transmission belt at a preset frequency (1 - 50 Hz), which is transmitted to the inner ring of the bearing through the core shaft to simulate dynamic working conditions such as starting impact and car vibration. The high-frequency response pressure sensor captures the load fluctuation signal in real time.

[0033] (II) Axial Load Simulation: 1. Static Axial Load Application: The fourth driving motor adjusts the third ball screw to move the two side substrates towards each other to the specified position. The abutting shaft at the output end of the cylinder contacts the side wall of the inner ring of the bearing, and the pressure sensor in the wear-resistant head monitors the contact pressure in real time to ensure that the load acts stably on the end face of the inner ring; 2. Reciprocating Axial Load Application: Combined with the elevator start-stop working condition parameters, the control system drives the third ball screw to periodically change the position of the substrate, and the cylinder synchronously outputs an axial force for reciprocating motion to simulate the axial load fluctuation caused by uneven wire rope tension or car partial load. The load frequency and stroke can be dynamically adjusted according to the measured data.

[0034] In the above technologies, each loading cylinder, motor, and cylinder are all prior arts, so their structures and functions will not be elaborated too much; at the same time, each sensor is also a prior art. It is communicatively connected to the external intelligent industrial control device to feedback the detection data and signals in real time, and the data integration and calculation are realized through the external intelligent industrial control device. The opening and closing of the loading cylinder, motor, and cylinder can also be realized through the external intelligent industrial control device. Since the sensor and the intelligent industrial control device are both prior arts, their structures and functions will not be elaborated too much.

[0035] The above-mentioned specification drawings only show the schematic of the component structure positions and connection relationships, and do not specifically limit the specific dimensions.

[0036] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-functional test tooling for elevator bearings, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a frame, a core shaft and a tooling seat, wherein the frame is provided with a support plate and a drive plate along its height direction, the tooling seat is provided on the support plate and is penetrated by a through hole for the core shaft to pass through, a bearing to be tested is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the core shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the through hole, the drive plate is provided with a drive structure for driving the core shaft to operate so that the bearing to be tested operates synchronously to simulate the actual operating condition of the elevator bearing, the frame is provided with a first simulation structure for cooperating with the drive structure and applying a static or dynamic radial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static or dynamic radial load condition of the bearing, the frame is also provided with a second simulation structure for applying a static radial load to the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and a third simulation structure for applying a static axial load or a reciprocating axial load to the inner ring of the bearing to be tested to simulate the actual static axial load or reciprocating axial load condition of the bearing.

2. The multi-functional test tooling for elevator bearings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving seat and a transmission shaft are provided on the driving plate, a transmission hole for the transmission shaft to pass through is opened on the driving seat, and a test bearing is detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the transmission shaft and the inner peripheral wall of the transmission hole. The driving structure includes a servo motor provided on the driving plate, the output end of the servo motor is coaxially connected to the end of the transmission shaft and is connected with a coupling, and two groups of transmission belts are connected between the transmission shaft and the core shaft, and the two groups of transmission belts are respectively provided at both ends of the core shaft.

3. The multi-functional test tooling for elevator bearings according to claim 2, wherein: The frame is provided with a slide groove along its height direction, a first drive motor is provided on the top back side of the frame, a sliding portion is extended into the slide groove at the end of the drive plate, the first simulation structure includes a first ball screw opened along the height direction of the frame, the first ball screw includes a first nut portion and a first screw portion, the first nut portion is vertically connected to the sliding portion, the first screw portion is coaxially connected to the output end of the first drive motor, the opening direction of the first screw portion is consistent with the opening direction of the slide groove, and the first screw portion and the sliding portion are relatively perpendicular, and two first guide shafts are provided on the frame along its height direction, and the two first guide shafts are relatively arranged and pass through the sliding portion.

4. The multi-functional test tooling for an elevator bearing according to claim 2, wherein: The first simulation structure also includes two groups of eccentric parts, which are arranged on both sides of the transmission belt. The eccentric parts include a turntable, a second drive motor for driving the turntable and a loading shaft eccentrically arranged on the turntable. Two groups of frame plates are arranged on the drive plate, and the two groups of frame plates are arranged opposite to each other and are arranged on both sides of the transmission belt. The two second drive motors are arranged on the two frame plates. The outer peripheral wall surface of the loading shaft is a contact surface for contacting the outer wall surface of the adjacent transmission belt body, and a high-frequency response pressure sensor is embedded in the abutment surface.

5. The multi-functional test tooling for an elevator bearing according to claim 4, wherein: An adjusting plate is arranged on the driving plate. An adjusting groove is formed in the driving plate along its length direction. A second ball screw is movably arranged in the adjusting groove. The second ball screw includes a second nut portion and a second screw rod portion. The adjusting plate is movably arranged above the driving plate along the length direction of the driving plate. The second nut portion is detachably connected to the bottom wall of the adjusting plate. A third driving motor is arranged on the bottom wall of the driving plate. The output end of the third driving motor is in belt transmission connection with the end of the second screw rod portion through a synchronous belt. The frame plate, the driving seat and the servo motor are all arranged on the adjusting plate.

6. The multi-functional test tooling for elevator bearings according to claim 1, wherein: A top plate is arranged at the top of the frame body. The top plate is arranged above the support plate. The second simulation structure includes a loading disc and a plurality of radial loading cylinders. The plurality of radial loading cylinders are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the top plate. The output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders penetrate through the top plate and are all hinged to the top of the loading disc. The output ends of the plurality of radial loading cylinders are all arranged perpendicular to the core shaft. A pressing shaft is coaxially connected to the bottom of the loading disc. The pressing shaft is in linkage cooperation with the tooling seat.

7. The multi-functional test tooling for elevator bearings according to claim 6, wherein: A stress plane is machined on the top wall of the tooling seat through a cutting process. The pressing shaft is in hinge cooperation with the stress plane. A radial load sensor is arranged between the pressing shaft and the loading disc.

8. A multi-functional test tooling for elevator bearings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third simulation structure includes a third ball screw and a fourth driving motor. The third ball screw includes a third screw rod portion and two third nut portions that cooperate with the third screw rod portion and are movably arranged on the third screw rod portion along the direction in which the third screw rod portion is arranged. The third screw rod portion is rotatably arranged on the top plate. The fourth driving motor is arranged on the top plate, and the output end of the fourth driving motor is coaxially connected to the end of the third screw rod portion. Substrates are arranged on both of the third nut portions. The substrates are arranged perpendicular to the top plate. The two substrates are respectively arranged on both sides of the tooling seat. An air cylinder is arranged on the substrate, and the output end of the air cylinder faces the tooling seat. The output end of the air cylinder is coaxially connected to an abutting shaft for contacting the inner ring side wall of the bearing to be tested.

9. The multi-functional test tooling for an elevator bearing according to claim 8, wherein: A wear-resistant head is arranged at the end of the abutting shaft. The wear-resistant head is made of rubber material. A pressure sensor is arranged in the wear-resistant head.

10. The multi-functional test tooling for an elevator bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a sensor group and two test seats arranged on the support plate. The two test seats are respectively arranged on both sides of the support seat, and through holes for the core shaft to pass through are formed in the test seats. The sensor group includes two spoke-type sensors. Card slots are circumferentially formed in the inner peripheral wall of the through hole. The two spoke-type sensors are respectively arranged in the two card slots. The spoke-type sensors are detachably connected to the card slots. The two ends of the core shaft are respectively inserted and matched with the shaft holes of the two spoke-type sensors. The sensor group further includes a multi-axis force sensor. The multi-axis force sensor is detachably connected between the outer ring of the bearing to be tested and the through hole.

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