Capacitance detection method, storage medium, controller, vehicle, and program product

Abstract

The application relates to a capacitor detection method, a storage medium, a controller, a vehicle and a program product. The capacitor detection method comprises the following steps: acquiring electrical property data of a target capacitor in a power system of a vehicle, wherein the electrical property data comprises at least one of charging data and discharging data; and obtaining a target detection result of the target capacitor according to the electrical property data, wherein the target detection result represents an abnormal situation of the target capacitor. The inventors find that when the capacitor is abnormal, the charging data and the discharging data of the capacitor are affected. Therefore, the capacitor detection method directly acquires the charging data and / or the discharging data of the target capacitor in the power system of the vehicle, so as to detect the target capacitor according to the charging data and / or the discharging data, and obtain the corresponding target detection result. Since the charging data and / or the discharging data of the target capacitor can be obtained from real-time messages and background data of the vehicle, any detection equipment does not need to be added, and the target capacitor does not need to be disassembled from the power system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of capacitors, and in particular to a capacitor detection method, a storage medium, a controller, a vehicle and a program product. BACKGROUND

[0002] An electric vehicle usually has a large-capacity target capacitor in the power system, and the characteristics of the target capacitor are used to ensure the reliability of the charging of the power battery. For example, when charging or discharging the power battery, the target capacitor is first charged through a pre-charge circuit, and then the power battery is charged or discharged through a standard circuit after the target capacitor is fully charged, so as to avoid the problem of contactor spark arc caused by directly turning on the standard circuit, reduce the impact and increase the safety.

[0003] As an electronic product, the capacitor has a certain service life. With the increase of service time, the capacitor is prone to abnormality, and in severe cases, it will directly fail. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the target capacitor in the power system to find the abnormality of the target capacitor in time, so that relevant measures can be taken.

[0004] The existing scheme usually additionally sets relevant detection equipment, and then the target capacitor is removed from the power system, and then the target capacitor is detected by using the set detection equipment, so as to determine whether the target capacitor is abnormal. The existing scheme needs to connect the detection equipment externally, which leads to low detection efficiency and high detection cost. The existing scheme needs to remove the target capacitor from the power system, which leads to the inability to detect the target capacitor during operation, and has great limitations. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a capacitor detection method, a storage medium, a controller, a vehicle and a program product, which directly obtain charging data and / or discharging data of a target capacitor in a power system of a vehicle, so as to detect the target capacitor according to the charging data and / or the discharging data, and obtain a corresponding target detection result, so as to at least partially solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, according to the first aspect of the present application, a capacitor detection method is provided, comprising:

[0007] Obtaining electrical property data of a target capacitor in a power system of a vehicle, the electrical property data including at least one of charging data and discharging data;

[0008] According to the electrical property data, a target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained, and the target detection result represents an abnormality of the target capacitor.

[0009] Optionally, the electrical property data comprises charging data, the charging data comprising a charging time for charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage; and the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the electrical property data, comprising:

[0010] If the charging time is less than a first preset time, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is abnormal is obtained.

[0011] If the charging time is not less than the first preset time, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained.

[0012] Optionally, the electrical property data comprises charging data, the charging data comprising a charging time for charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage; and the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the electrical property data, comprising:

[0013] A first ratio representing a proportional relationship between the charging time and the first preset time is obtained according to the charging time and the first preset time;

[0014] If the first ratio is less than a first preset ratio, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is abnormal is obtained.

[0015] If the first ratio is not less than the first preset ratio, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained.

[0016] Optionally, the electrical property data comprises charging data, the charging data comprising a charging rate for charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage; and the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the electrical property data, comprising:

[0017] If the charging rate is greater than a first preset rate, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is abnormal is obtained.

[0018] If the charging rate is not greater than the first preset rate, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained.

[0019] Optionally, the electrical property data comprises discharging data, the discharging data comprising a discharging time for discharging the target capacitor from a second initial voltage to a second target voltage; and the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the electrical property data, comprising:

[0020] If the discharging time is less than a second preset time, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is abnormal is obtained.

[0021] If the discharging time is not less than the second preset time, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained.

[0022] Optionally, the electrical property data comprises discharge data, the discharge data comprising a discharge time of discharging the target capacitor from the second initial voltage to the second target voltage; and the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the electrical property data, comprising:

[0023] a second ratio value representing a proportional relationship between the discharge time and the second preset time is obtained according to the discharge time and the second preset time;

[0024] if the second ratio value is less than a second preset ratio value, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is abnormal is obtained;

[0025] if the second ratio value is not less than the second preset ratio value, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained.

[0026] Optionally, the electrical property data comprises discharge data, the discharge data comprising a discharge rate of discharging the target capacitor from the second initial voltage to the second target voltage; and the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the electrical property data, comprising:

[0027] if the discharge rate is greater than a second preset rate, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is abnormal is obtained;

[0028] if the discharge rate is not greater than the second preset rate, the target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained.

[0029] Optionally, the electrical property data comprises charge data and discharge data; and the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the electrical property data, comprising:

[0030] a first initial detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the charge data; and a second initial detection result of the target capacitor is obtained according to the discharge data;

[0031] the target detection result is obtained according to the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result.

[0032] Optionally, the charge data comprises a charge time of charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage, and the first initial detection result comprises a first ratio value representing a proportional relationship between the charge time and a first preset time; the discharge data comprises a discharge time of discharging the target capacitor from a second initial voltage to a second target voltage, and the second initial detection result comprises a second ratio value representing a proportional relationship between the discharge time and a second preset time;

[0033] the target detection result is obtained according to the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result, comprising:

[0034] if the first ratio value is less than a first preset ratio value and the second ratio value is less than a second preset ratio value, a first ratio product value of the first ratio value and the second ratio value is determined;

[0035] According to the first ratio product value and a second ratio product value of the first preset ratio and the second preset ratio, the target detection result is obtained.

[0036] Optionally, according to the first ratio product value and a second ratio product value of the first preset ratio and the second preset ratio, the target detection result is obtained, including:

[0037] If the first ratio product value is in a first multiple range of the second ratio product value, the target detection result representing that the target capacitance is normal is obtained.

[0038] If the first ratio product value is in a second multiple range of the second ratio product value, the target detection result representing that the target capacitance is in a first abnormality is obtained.

[0039] If the first ratio product value is in a third multiple range of the second ratio product value, the target detection result representing that the target capacitance is in a second abnormality is obtained.

[0040] The minimum value of the first multiple range is greater than the maximum value of the second multiple range, and the minimum value of the second multiple range is greater than the maximum value of the third multiple range.

[0041] Optionally, the charging data includes a charging rate of charging the target capacitance from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage, and the first initial detection result represents a size relationship between the charging rate and a first preset rate; the discharging data includes a discharging rate of discharging the target capacitance from a second initial voltage to a second target voltage, and the second initial detection result represents a size relationship between the discharging rate and a second preset rate.

[0042] According to the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result, the target detection result is obtained, including:

[0043] If the charging rate is greater than the first preset rate and the discharging rate is greater than the second preset rate, a first rate product value of the charging rate and the discharging rate is determined.

[0044] According to the first rate product value and a second rate product value of the first preset rate and the second preset rate, the target detection result is obtained.

[0045] Optionally, according to the first rate product value and a second rate product value of the first preset rate and the second preset rate, the target detection result is obtained, including:

[0046] If the first rate product value is in a fourth multiple range of the second rate product value, the target detection result representing that the target capacitance is normal is obtained.

[0047] If the first rate product value is in a fifth multiple range of the second rate product value, the target detection result representing that the target capacitance is in a first abnormality is obtained.

[0048] If the first rate product value is in a sixth multiple range of the second rate product value, a target detection result representing a second abnormality of the target capacitance is obtained.

[0049] The maximum of the fourth multiple range is less than the minimum of the fifth multiple range, and the maximum of the fifth multiple range is less than the minimum of the sixth multiple range.

[0050] According to a second aspect of the present application, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the capacitance detection method in any of the above embodiments.

[0051] According to a third aspect of the present application, a controller is provided, which stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the capacitance detection method in any of the above embodiments.

[0052] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, which comprises the controller in any of the above embodiments.

[0053] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, which comprises a computer program. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement the steps of the capacitance detection method in any of the above embodiments.

[0054] The inventors of the present application find that when the capacitance is abnormal, the charging data and the discharging data of the capacitance will be affected. Therefore, the capacitance detection method in the embodiments of the present application directly obtains the charging data and / or the discharging data of the target capacitance in the power system of the vehicle, so as to detect the target capacitance according to the charging data and / or the discharging data, and obtain the corresponding target detection result. Since the charging data and / or the discharging data of the target capacitance can be obtained from the real-time message and the background data of the vehicle, it is not necessary to increase any detection device, nor is it necessary to disassemble the target capacitance from the power system. Since it is not necessary to externally connect the detection device, the detection efficiency can be improved and the detection cost can be reduced. Since it is not necessary to disassemble the target capacitance from the power system, the target capacitance can be detected during operation, and the limitation is small.

[0055] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating any creative labor.

[0057] For a more complete understanding of the present application and its advantages, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like parts are marked with like numerals throughout the drawings.

[0058] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a bathtub curve provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0059] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a power system provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0060] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a charging loop provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0061] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a discharge loop provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0062] Figure 5 is a flow schematic diagram of a capacitance detection method provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0063] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the voltage and current variation curves of a target capacitance in a charging process provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0064] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the voltage and current variation curves of a target capacitance in a discharge process provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0065] Figure 8 is a flow schematic diagram of simultaneously referring to charging time and discharge time provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0066] Figure 9 is a flow schematic diagram of simultaneously referring to charging rate and discharge rate provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0067] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a controller provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application;

[0068] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0070] As an illustration, the failure rate of a capacitor follows a "bathtub curve", as shown in Figure 1 The curve is divided into three regions. Region A is early failure, which is related to inherent defects, usually caused by production process or poor quality of dielectric material; region B is random failure, which is caused by random events or operating conditions, such as short circuit, surge generated by switch, etc., and the probability of occurrence is low. Region C is fatigue failure, which is caused by temperature and electrical stress, and the insulation dielectric is damaged due to fatigue, which usually leads to degradation of the entire dielectric system. Among the above three failure modes, early failure can be eliminated by shipment detection, etc. to eliminate most of the poor batches of products; but random failure and fatigue failure are uncontrollable. The above three failure modes determine that there will be small batches of products installed in the vehicle on the market, and the failed capacitor will seriously affect the normal operation of the high-voltage system of the vehicle, and bring safety hazards to the driving vehicle, endangering the safety of passengers' life and property.

[0071] According to a first aspect of the present application, a capacitor detection method is provided for detecting a target capacitor in a power system of a vehicle.

[0072] As shown in Figure 2 The power system of the vehicle includes a power battery BAT, a main positive contactor K1, a pre-charge contactor K2, a pre-charge resistor R1, a main negative contactor K3, a discharge resistor R2 and a target capacitor C. The power system is electrically connected to a charging pile through the target capacitor C and corresponding power distribution box and DC charging port, so as to charge the power battery BAT based on the electrical energy output by the charging pile. The power system is also electrically connected to a high-voltage load through the target capacitor C, so as to supply power to the high-voltage load.

[0073] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 The target capacitor C can form a loop with the power battery BAT, the main positive contactor K1, the pre-charge contactor K2, the pre-charge resistor R1 and the main negative contactor K3, thereby realizing charging or discharging of the power battery BAT. In addition, as shown in Figure 4 The target capacitor C can also form a discharge loop with the discharge resistor R2, thereby realizing energy discharge on the target capacitor C.

[0074] Wherein, the target capacitance C can be the sum of the load capacitances of the motor, air conditioner compressor, DCDC and other high-voltage loads. Since it is a parallel relationship, it can be directly added when calculating. Because there is a capacitive load in the power system, at the moment of closing the circuit, the high-voltage system relay will suddenly close, at this time the charge of the target capacitance C is zero, according to the transient characteristics of the circuit, the target capacitance is equivalent to a short circuit, and the loop resistance (including the internal resistance of the power battery BAT, the resistance of the high-voltage line, the contact resistance of each contact point, the internal resistance of the fuse, etc.) is tens of milliohms, so the transient current of the high-voltage system becomes very large, thereby generating a large current impact of several thousand amperes. If no effective protection measures are taken, this transient impact current will not only burn out the main positive contactor K1 and the main negative contactor K3, but also cause serious damage to the entire power system and other electrical equipment, and may also endanger the personal safety of the driver and passengers. Therefore, the pre-charging circuit composed of the pre-charging contactor K2 and the pre-charging resistor R1 and other devices is needed to weaken and eliminate the transient impact current. When the DC bus end power supply is cut off, the discharge process of the target capacitance C is completed through the discharge resistor R2. Generally, the passive discharge function should make the high-voltage DC bus voltage of the whole vehicle drop to 60V or the AC side bus voltage drop to 30V (rms) within a specified time.

[0075] As shown in Figure 5 The capacitance detection method comprises:

[0076] Step 101, obtaining the electrical data of the target capacitance in the power system of the vehicle, the electrical data comprising at least one of charging data and discharging data.

[0077] Wherein, the inventors of the present application find that the abnormal condition of the target capacitance will affect the electrical data such as the charging data and the discharging data, so one of the charging data and the discharging data can be directly obtained, so as to detect and judge the target capacitance according to the charging data and the discharging data.

[0078] Wherein, the corresponding controller in the vehicle itself can control the power system, including the charging control or discharging control of the power battery (in this process, the charging control of the target capacitance is included) and the discharging control of the target capacitance, so the charging data and the discharging data required by the present embodiment can be directly obtained from the real-time messages and background data of the vehicle, so that additional detection equipment is not needed to obtain other data for detection. It can be understood that since the charging data and the discharging data are both data generated during the operation of the target capacitance, the detection purpose can be achieved during the operation of the target capacitance, so the target capacitance does not need to be removed from the power system.

[0079] Step 102, obtaining the target detection result of the target capacitance according to the electrical data, the target detection result representing the abnormal condition of the target capacitance.

[0080] Before executing this step, the charging data and discharging data of the target capacitor under normal conditions can be pre-stored. Based on the above-mentioned "discovery by the inventors", it can be known that when the target capacitor is abnormal, whether it is charging data or discharging data, there will be certain differences between the directly acquired data and the stored data under normal conditions. Therefore, the target capacitor can be detected based on whether there is a difference between the directly acquired data and the stored data under normal conditions, and the size of the difference when there is a difference, and finally a target detection result characterizing the abnormality of the target capacitor can be obtained.

[0081] Specifically, if only charging data is considered, the target capacitor can be detected by comparing the directly acquired charging data with the stored charging data under normal conditions to determine whether there is a difference in the charging data level and the size of the difference when there is a difference, and finally obtaining a target detection result that characterizes the abnormal situation of the target capacitor.

[0082] Among them, the charging data may refer to at least one of the charging time and charging rate of the target capacitor. The charging time may be understood as the time required for the target capacitor to charge from the first initial voltage to the first target voltage. Similarly, the charging rate may be understood as the rate corresponding to the charging of the target capacitor from the first initial voltage to the first target voltage, which may be obtained by the voltage change and the charging time, or by unit time (when using unit time, the corresponding voltage change is smaller, but it can still be represented by the difference between the first initial voltage and the first target voltage). When charging a power battery, it is usually necessary to charge the voltage of the target capacitor from zero to near the terminal voltage of the power battery (which may be slightly less than the terminal voltage of the power battery). For example, taking the terminal voltage of the power battery as 1000V, the first initial voltage may be set to 0V and the first target voltage may be set to 970V.

[0083] Specifically, if only discharge data is considered, the target capacitor can be detected by comparing the directly acquired discharge data with the stored discharge data under normal conditions to determine whether there is a difference in the discharge data level and the size of the difference when there is a difference, and finally obtaining a target detection result that characterizes the abnormal situation of the target capacitor.

[0084] The discharge data can be at least one of a discharge time and a discharge rate of the target capacitor. The discharge time can be understood as a time required for the target capacitor to discharge from the second initial voltage to the second target voltage. Similarly, the discharge rate can be understood as a rate corresponding to the target capacitor discharging from the second initial voltage to the second target voltage, which can be obtained by a voltage change amount and the discharge time, or can be obtained by a unit time (when the unit time is used, the corresponding voltage change amount is smaller, but it can still be represented by the difference between the second initial voltage and the second target voltage). When discharging the target capacitor, the voltage of the target capacitor usually needs to be discharged to a safe voltage. The second initial voltage depends on the voltage of the target capacitor when it starts to discharge, and the second target voltage depends on the safety index of the circuit, so the second initial voltage and the second target voltage can be set according to actual needs.

[0085] It should be noted that the first initial voltage and the first target voltage mentioned above can cover the entire charging process or only a certain section; the second initial voltage and the second target voltage are the same.

[0086] The inventors of the present application found that when the capacitor is abnormal, it will affect its charging data and discharge data. Therefore, the capacitor detection method of the embodiments of the present application directly obtains the charging data and / or discharge data of the target capacitor in the power system of the vehicle, so as to detect the target capacitor according to the charging data and / or discharge data, and obtain the corresponding target detection result. Since the charging data and / or discharge data of the target capacitor can be obtained from the real-time message and background data of the vehicle, it is not necessary to increase any detection equipment, nor is it necessary to disassemble the target capacitor from the power system. Since no external detection equipment is needed, the detection efficiency can be improved and the detection cost can be reduced. Since the target capacitor does not need to be disassembled from the power system, the target capacitor can be detected during operation, and the limitation is small.

[0087] Optionally, the electrical data includes charging data, and the charging data includes a charging time of charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage.

[0088] In the formula, the reference Figure 2 or Figure 3 When the power battery BAT is charged or discharged, the power battery BAT, the pre-charge contactor K2, the pre-charge resistor R1, the main negative contactor K3 and the target capacitor C form a pre-charge circuit. When the pre-charge circuit works, the voltage U C and the current I P flowing through the target capacitor C change with time T as shown in Figure 6 . The charging time T1 is related to the pre-charge resistor R1, the voltage U C on the target capacitor C, the terminal voltage U B of the power battery BAT, and the voltage U01 (usually 0) is as shown in formula (1):

[0089] (1)

[0090] In this embodiment, the voltage U before the load end closes the high voltage 01 As the first initial voltage, the first target voltage is equal to the terminal voltage U of the power battery BAT. B The difference between them is △U. When the pre-charge circuit is working, the voltage U on the target capacitor C C Getting higher (current smaller and smaller), when it approaches the terminal voltage of the power battery BAT When (i.e. and The difference △U is small enough, generally less than 5%), turn on the main positive contactor K1, and then cut off the pre-charge contactor K2 to complete the pre-charge, thereby reducing the spark arcing of the contactor, alleviating the impact of the high-voltage system and improving safety.

[0091] Usually the voltage U on the target capacitor C is required C Reach the terminal voltage of the power battery BAT More than 95% of the battery life, the charging time should not be too short, that is, ,certainly, The time constant cannot be too long. Excessively long time constants will cause the charging current to decrease slowly, resulting in a higher average power in the resistor, unnecessary losses, and prolonged power-up times. When the three types of capacitor failure described above occur, the capacitance of the target capacitor C decreases to varying degrees, affecting the vehicle's pre-charge time and ultimately threatening the safety and stability of the vehicle's high-voltage system.

[0092] Based on the electrical data, the target detection results of the target capacitance are obtained, including:

[0093] If the charging time is less than the first preset time, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitance is abnormal is obtained.

[0094] It can be seen from formula (1) that when the target capacitor C is abnormal, its capacitance value will decrease. When other parameters remain unchanged, the charging time T1 will be reduced, thus being lower than the first preset time under normal conditions. Therefore, when the charging time T1 is obtained and it is determined that the charging time T1 is less than the first preset time, a target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitor can be obtained.

[0095] If the charging time is not less than the first preset time, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitor is normal is obtained.

[0096] Same as above, no further details will be given here.

[0097] Optionally, obtaining a target detection result of the target capacitance based on the electrical data includes:

[0098] A first ratio representing a proportional relationship between the charging time and the first preset time is obtained according to the charging time and the first preset time.

[0099] The first preset time can be set to T 1理论 , which can be expressed as , then the charging time T1 and the first preset time T 1理论 The first ratio It can be expressed as formula (2):

[0100] (2)

[0101] Where n is a coefficient obtained based on the actual high-voltage system charge and discharge voltage requirements, which can usually be a constant value such as 3 or 5; α1 is a correction coefficient caused by the allowable accuracy deviation of the pre-charge resistor, which is generally 95%~105%; Correction coefficient for the allowable accuracy deviation of the capacitor; It is an empirical correction factor, usually taking the ambient temperature and humidity into consideration.

[0102] As a comparison reference, the first preset ratio under normal conditions can be obtained , if the first ratio Less than the first preset ratio , then the target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitance is obtained.

[0103] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that when the target capacitor is abnormal, its capacitance value will decrease, which will cause the charging time T1 to decrease, and further cause the first ratio Reduced, so when the first ratio is obtained And determine the first ratio Less than the first preset ratio When , a target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitance can be obtained.

[0104] If the first ratio is not less than the first preset ratio, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitance is normal is obtained.

[0105] Same as above, no further details will be given here.

[0106] Optionally, the electrical data includes charging data, and the charging data includes a charging rate for charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage.

[0107] The charging process of the target capacitor can be expressed by the charging rate X1, as shown in formula (3):

[0108] (3)

[0109] wherein, is the voltage variation amount in the same time during the charging process (generally, the variation amount of 10 ms, i.e., the difference between the first initial voltage and the first target voltage); is the environmental influence correction value during the charging process. The attenuation of the capacitance value will increase the charging rate X1, and the voltage variation will be faster, so that the charging rate X1 can be detected to detect the abnormal situation of the target capacitance.

[0110] According to the electrical data, the target detection result of the target capacitance is obtained, including:

[0111] If the charging rate is greater than the first preset rate, the target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitance is obtained.

[0112] wherein, the first preset rate can be set as X 理论预充 , which can be represented as formula (4):

[0113] (4)

[0114] According to the above analysis, when the target capacitance is abnormal, the corresponding charging rate X1 will increase, so when the charging rate X1 is obtained and it is determined that it is greater than the first preset rate X 理论预充 , the target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitance can be obtained.

[0115] If the charging rate is not greater than the first preset rate, the target detection result representing the normality of the target capacitance is obtained.

[0116] As above, it will not be repeated here.

[0117] Optionally, the electrical data includes discharge data, and the discharge data includes a discharge time of discharging the target capacitance from a second initial voltage to a second target voltage.

[0118] wherein, referring to Figure 2 or Figure 4 When discharging the target capacitance C, the target capacitance C and the discharge resistor R2 form a discharge loop. When the discharge loop works, the voltage U C on the target capacitance C and the current I P flowing through it change with time T as shown in Figure 7 . The relationship between the discharge time T2 and the discharge resistor R2, the voltage U C on the target capacitance C, the voltage U 02 before discharging, and the safe voltage U S (after discharging, generally 0) is as formula (5):

[0119] (5)

[0120] wherein, in the embodiment, the voltage U 02 as the second initial voltage. When the bleed circuit is working, the voltage U C is increasingly low (the current is increasingly large).

[0121] According to the electrical data, the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained, including:

[0122] If the discharge time is less than the second preset time, the target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitor is obtained.

[0123] wherein, according to formula (5), when the target capacitor C is abnormal, the capacitance value thereof will decrease, and under the condition that other parameters do not change, the discharge time T2 will decrease, thereby being lower than the second preset time in the normal state. Therefore, when the discharge time T2 is obtained and it is determined that the discharge time T2 is less than the second preset time, the target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitor can be obtained.

[0124] If the discharge time is not less than the second preset time, the target detection result representing the normality of the target capacitor is obtained.

[0125] The above is not repeated here.

[0126] Optionally, according to the electrical data, the target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained, including:

[0127] According to the discharge time and the second preset time, a second ratio representing the proportional relationship between the discharge time and the second preset time is obtained.

[0128] wherein, the second preset time can be T 2理论 , which can be represented as , the second ratio of the discharge time T2 and the second preset time T 2理论 can be represented as formula (6):

[0129] (6)

[0130] wherein, a2 is a correction coefficient caused by the accuracy deviation of the bleed resistor, which is generally 95%~105%.

[0131] As a comparison reference, the second preset ratio in the normal state can be obtained, and if the first ratio is less than the second preset ratio , the target detection result representing the abnormality of the target capacitor is obtained.

[0132] ​Wherein, based on the above analysis, when the target capacitor is abnormal, its capacitance value will decrease, thereby causing the discharge time T2 to decrease, and further causing the second ratio to decrease, so when the second ratio is obtained and it is determined that the second ratio is less than a second preset ratio , a target detection result indicating that the target capacitor is abnormal can be obtained.

[0133] If the second ratio is not less than the second preset ratio, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitor is normal can be obtained.

[0134] The above is the same, and will not be repeated here.

[0135] Optionally, the electrical data includes discharge data, and the discharge data includes a discharge rate of discharging the target capacitor from the second initial voltage to the second target voltage.

[0136] Wherein, the discharge process of the target capacitor can be represented by the discharge rate X2, specifically as formula (7):

[0137] (7)

[0138] Wherein, is the voltage change amount in the same time (generally 10 ms, that is, the difference between the first initial voltage and the first target voltage) in the discharge process; is an environmental influence correction value in the discharge process. The decay of the capacitance value will increase the discharge rate X2, and the voltage change will be faster, so that the discharge rate X2 can be detected to detect the abnormal condition of the target capacitor.

[0139] According to the electrical data, a target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained, including:

[0140] If the discharge rate is greater than a second preset rate, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitor is abnormal can be obtained.

[0141] Wherein, the second preset rate can be set as X 理论放电 , which can be represented as formula (8):

[0142] (8)

[0143] Wherein, from the above analysis, when the target capacitor is abnormal, the corresponding discharge rate X2 will increase, so when the discharge rate X2 is obtained and it is determined that the discharge rate X2 is greater than the second preset rate X 理论放电 , a target detection result indicating that the target capacitor is abnormal can be obtained.

[0144] If the discharge rate is not greater than the second preset rate, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitor is normal can be obtained.

[0145] The same as above, which will not be repeated here.

[0146] Optionally, the electrical data includes charging data and discharging data; according to the electrical data, a target detection result of the target capacitor is obtained, including:

[0147] According to the charging data, a first initial detection result of the target capacitor is obtained; according to the discharging data, a second initial detection result of the target capacitor is obtained.

[0148] In the above embodiments, the target capacitor can be detected according to the charging data or the discharging data respectively, and in this embodiment, the target capacitor can be detected according to the charging data and the discharging data simultaneously, so that the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result of the target capacitor can be obtained according to the charging data and the discharging data respectively.

[0149] According to the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result, a target detection result is obtained.

[0150] Generally, when the target capacitor is abnormal, its charging data and discharging data will be affected, but due to system error, one of them may not represent the abnormality of the target capacitor, so in this embodiment, the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result obtained by simultaneously referring to the charging data and the discharging data are integrated, so that the target detection result with lower fault tolerance is obtained.

[0151] Optionally, according to the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result, the target detection result is obtained, including:

[0152] If the first ratio is less than the first preset ratio and the second ratio is less than the second preset ratio, a first ratio product value of the first ratio and the second ratio is determined; according to the first ratio product value and a second ratio product value of the first preset ratio and the second preset ratio, the target detection result is obtained.

[0153] Specifically, as shown in Figure 8 , the steps include:

[0154] First, the whole vehicle starts pre-charging, judges whether the whole vehicle has been pre-charged successfully, if the pre-charging is successful, the charging time T1 of this pre-charging is obtained and recorded, otherwise the process is ended. Then, the first ratio At1 representing the proportional relationship between the charging time T1 and the first preset time is judged, and its size is compared with the first preset ratio .

[0155] When the first ratio At1 is less than the first preset ratio , then it is preliminarily judged that the target capacitor has failed, after entering the discharging process, it is judged whether the discharging is successful. If successful, the discharging time T2 of this time is recorded, otherwise the process is ended. Then a second ratio At2 representing the proportional relationship between the discharging time T2 and the second preset time is judged, and its size is compared with the second preset ratio .

[0156] When the second ratio At2 is less than the second preset ratio , then the capacitor failure is judged again, and and are recorded, and the corresponding protection strategy is executed according to this, and the judgment process is ended.

[0157] Optionally, according to the first ratio product value and the second ratio product value of the first preset ratio and the second preset ratio, a target detection result is obtained, including:

[0158] If the first ratio product value is within the first multiple range of the second ratio product value, a target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained;

[0159] If the first ratio product value is within the second multiple range of the second ratio product value, a target detection result representing that the target capacitor is first abnormal is obtained;

[0160] If the first ratio product value is within the third multiple range of the second ratio product value, a target detection result representing that the target capacitor is second abnormal is obtained;

[0161] Wherein, the minimum value of the first multiple range is greater than the maximum value of the second multiple range, and the minimum value of the second multiple range is greater than the maximum value of the third multiple range.

[0162] Wherein, the first multiple range can be set to 95% to 100% (not including 95%), the second multiple range can be set to 85% to 95% (not including 85%), and the third multiple range can be set to 85% or less.

[0163] Specifically, when the product is detected within the first multiple range, it is considered to be within the normal working range and is not processed. When the product is detected within the second multiple range, it is considered that the target capacitor may start to age or have a slight failure, the target capacitor is recorded as a general failure in the background data, and the after-sales personnel is reminded to record the vehicle, but the vehicle instrument does not prompt an alarm. When the product is detected within the third multiple range, it is considered that the target capacitor has failed seriously and needs to be replaced, in which case the target capacitor cannot meet the system's demand for energy storage and fast charging and discharging, which may affect the performance and safety of the vehicle. The capacitor is recorded as a serious failure, and an alarm is prompted on the vehicle instrument.

[0164] As a supplement, when the target capacitor causes the capacitance value to rise due to an anomaly, it can be detected in a similar manner to the above. The corresponding charging time and discharging time rise, the first multiple range can be set to 105% to 100% (not including 105%), the second multiple range can be set to 115% to 105% (not including 115%), and the third multiple range can be set to 115% or more.

[0165] Optionally, according to the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result, a target detection result is obtained, including:

[0166] If the charging rate is greater than the first preset rate and the discharging rate is greater than the second preset rate, a first rate product value of the charging rate and the discharging rate is determined; and according to the first rate product value and a second rate product value of the first preset rate and the second preset rate, a target detection result is obtained.

[0167] Specifically, as shown in Figure 9 , the steps include:

[0168] First, the whole vehicle starts pre-charging power-on, judges whether the whole vehicle has been pre-charged successfully, if the pre-charging is successful, the charging rate X1= of this pre-charging is obtained and recorded, otherwise the process is ended. Then, the pre-charging rate is judged with the size of the first preset rate.

[0169] When the pre-charging rate is greater than the first preset rate, it is preliminarily judged that the capacitor has failed, and after entering the discharging process, it is judged whether the discharging is successful. If it is successful, the discharging rate of this discharging is recorded, otherwise the process is ended. Then, the discharging rate is judged with the size of the second preset rate.

[0170] When the discharging rate is greater than the second preset rate, the capacitor failure is judged again, and

[0171] and are recorded, and the corresponding protection strategy is executed and the judgment process is ended according to this.

[0172] Optionally, according to the first rate product value and the second rate product value of the first preset rate and the second preset rate, a target detection result is obtained, including:

[0173] If the first rate product value is within a fourth multiple range of the second rate product value, a target detection result representing that the target capacitor is normal is obtained;

[0174] If the first rate product value is within a fifth multiple range of the second rate product value, a target detection result representing that the target capacitor has a first anomaly is obtained;

[0175] If the first rate product value is in the sixth multiple range of the second rate product value, a target detection result representing a secondary abnormality of the target capacitor is obtained.

[0176] The maximum value of the fourth multiple range is less than the minimum value of the fifth multiple range, and the maximum value of the fifth multiple range is less than the minimum value of the sixth multiple range.

[0177] The fourth multiple range can be set to 105% to 100% (not including 105%), the fifth multiple range can be set to 115% to 105% (not including 115%), and the sixth multiple range can be set to 115% or more.

[0178] Specifically, when it is detected that the product X12 is in the fourth multiple range of , it is considered to be within the normal working range and is not processed. When it is detected that the product X12 is in the fifth multiple range of , it is considered that the target capacitor may start to age or have a slight failure, the target capacitor is recorded as a general failure in the background data, and the after-sales personnel are reminded to record the vehicle, but the vehicle instrument does not prompt an alarm. When it is detected that the product X12 is in the sixth multiple range of , it is considered that the target capacitor has failed seriously and needs to be replaced. In this case, the target capacitor cannot meet the system's demand for energy storage and fast charging and discharging, which may affect the performance and safety of the vehicle. The capacitor is recorded as a serious failure, and an alarm is prompted on the vehicle instrument.

[0179] As a supplement, when the target capacitor causes the capacitor value to rise due to an abnormality, it can be detected in a similar manner as described above. The charging rate and the discharging rate are reduced, the fourth multiple range can be set to 95% to 100% (not including 95%), the fifth multiple range can be set to 85% to 95% (not including 85%), and the sixth multiple range can be set to 85% or less.

[0180] As a supplement, the present application can exclude the influence of human factors and detection equipment precision on the detection result in the detection process, and can continuously correct the required preset value through the background data, thereby continuously improving the detection precision and the reliability of the detection result.

[0181] In addition, the present application can also detect the state of the target capacitor in real time, lock the working condition of the target capacitor failure through the recorded time and rate, and preliminarily judge the capacitor failure type and record the influencing factors of the capacitor failure process by referring to the corresponding "bathtub curve" of the capacitor failure. Therefore, the present application has important reference value for capacitor research and development improvement and manufacturing process.

[0182] According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, which causes a computer to perform some or all of the steps of any of the audio processing methods as recited in the above method embodiments.

[0183] According to a third aspect of the present application, as Figure 10 indicated, there is also provided a controller 200, which can include a processor 201, a memory 202. The controller 200 can also include one or more of a multimedia component 203, an input / output (I / O) component 204, and a communication component 205.

[0184] The processor 201 is configured to control overall operations of the controller 200 to complete all or part of the steps in the above method. The memory 202 is configured to store various types of data to support the operations of the controller 200, which can include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the controller 200, and application-related data, such as contact data, transmitted and received messages, pictures, audio, video, and the like. The memory 202 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The multimedia component 203 can include a screen and an audio component. The screen can be, for example, a touch screen, and the audio component is configured to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component can include a microphone configured to receive external audio signals. The received audio signals can be further stored in the memory 202 or transmitted through the communication component 205. The audio component also includes at least one speaker configured to output audio signals. The I / O component 204 provides an interface between the processor 201 and other interface modules, which can be a keyboard, a mouse, a button, and the like. The buttons can be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 205 is configured to perform wired or wireless communication between the controller 200 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as WiFi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), 2G, 3G, 4G, NB-IOT, eMTC, or other 5G, and the like, or a combination of one or more of them, is not limited herein. Therefore, the corresponding communication component 205 can include a WiFi module, a Bluetooth module, an NFC module, and the like.

[0185] In an exemplary embodiment, the controller 200 can be implemented by one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), Digital Signal Processor (DSP), Digital Signal Processing Device (DSPD), Programmable Logic Device (PLD), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or other electronic elements for executing the above-mentioned methods.

[0186] According to a fourth aspect of the present application, as shown in Figure 11 the vehicle 300 comprises the above-mentioned controller 200.

[0187] According to a fifth aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the capacitive detection method in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0188] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned method embodiments, in order to simply describe, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited to the action sequence described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification all belong to preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily necessary for the present application.

[0189] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of software program module.

[0190] The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, can be stored in a computer readable storage unit. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage unit and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage unit includes: a U disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0191] A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by a program instructing relevant hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer readable storage unit, which can include a flash disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0192] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can refer to the related description of other embodiments.

[0193] The embodiments, implementation manners and related technical features of the present application can be combined, replaced with each other without conflict.

[0194] The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the present application in any form. In the embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own focus, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can refer to the related content of other embodiments. Any brief modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application, without departing from the technical solution content of the present application, still belongs to the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A capacitance detection method, characterized in that: include: Acquiring electrical data of a target capacitor in a power system of a vehicle, the electrical data including charging data and discharging data; Obtaining a first initial detection result of the target capacitance based on the charging data; and obtaining a second initial detection result of the target capacitance based on the discharging data; Obtaining a target detection result based on the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result; wherein the target detection result represents an abnormality of the target capacitor; The charging data includes a charging time for charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage, and the first initial detection result includes a first ratio representing a proportional relationship between the charging time and a first preset time; The discharge data includes a discharge time for discharging the target capacitor from a second initial voltage to a second target voltage, and the second initial detection result includes a second ratio representing a proportional relationship between the discharge time and a second preset time; Obtaining the target detection result based on the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result includes: if the first ratio is less than a first preset ratio and the second ratio is less than a second preset ratio, determining a first ratio product value of the first ratio and the second ratio; and obtaining the target detection result based on the first ratio product value and a second ratio product value of the first preset ratio and the second preset ratio; Alternatively, the charging data includes a charging rate for charging the target capacitor from a first initial voltage to a first target voltage, and the first initial detection result represents the magnitude relationship between the charging rate and a first preset rate; the discharging data includes a discharge rate for discharging the target capacitor from a second initial voltage to a second target voltage, and the second initial detection result represents the magnitude relationship between the discharge rate and a second preset rate; obtaining the target detection result based on the first initial detection result and the second initial detection result includes: if the charging rate is greater than the first preset rate and the discharge rate is greater than the second preset rate, determining a first rate product value of the charging rate and the discharge rate; and obtaining the target detection result based on the first rate product value and a second rate product value of the first preset rate and the second preset rate.

2. The capacitance detection method according to claim 1, wherein: Obtaining the target detection result according to the first ratio product value and a second ratio product value of the first preset ratio and the second preset ratio includes: If the first ratio product value is within a first multiple of the second ratio product value, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitance is normal is obtained; If the first ratio product value is within a second multiple of the second ratio product value, a target detection result indicating a first-level abnormality of the target capacitance is obtained; If the first ratio product value is within a range of a third multiple of the second ratio product value, a target detection result indicating a secondary abnormality of the target capacitor is obtained; The minimum value of the first multiple range is greater than the maximum value of the second multiple range, and the minimum value of the second multiple range is greater than the maximum value of the third multiple range.

3. The capacitance detection method according to claim 1, wherein: Obtaining the target detection result according to the first rate product value and a second rate product value of the first preset rate and the second preset rate includes: If the first rate product value is within a range of a fourth multiple of the second rate product value, a target detection result indicating that the target capacitance is normal is obtained; If the first rate product value is within a range of a fifth multiple of the second rate product value, a target detection result indicating a first-level abnormality of the target capacitance is obtained; If the first rate product value is within a range of a sixth multiple of the second rate product value, obtaining a target detection result indicating a secondary abnormality of the target capacitor; The maximum value of the fourth multiple range is smaller than the minimum value of the fifth multiple range, and the maximum value of the fifth multiple range is smaller than the minimum value of the sixth multiple range.

4. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the capacitance detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

5. A controller having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the capacitance detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the controller according to claim 5.

7. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the capacitance detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

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