Light control glass

Abstract

The application relates to a dimming glass, which comprises a first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer and a second electrode layer which are sequentially stacked, and further comprises an insulating layer arranged on the first electrode layer, so that the electrochromic layer covers the first electrode layer and the insulating layer; the dimming glass is provided with a first scribe line and a second scribe line, and the first scribe line and the second scribe line are irradiated by laser to form a first groove and a second groove; wherein the first groove and the second groove respectively penetrate the second electrode layer and the electrochromic layer, any one of the first groove and the second groove is arranged in correspondence with the insulating layer, and the groove width of the first groove or the second groove is smaller than the planar size of the insulating layer. When the insulating layer is arranged below the first groove or the second groove, the insulating layer plays an isolation role, avoids accidental connection of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, prevents short circuit phenomenon from occurring, and improves the stability of the dimming glass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photochromic glass technology, and more particularly to a dimming glass. Background Technology

[0002] Smart glass, an advanced material capable of actively and reversibly altering its transmittance through electrochromic processes, has demonstrated broad application prospects in numerous fields such as energy, construction, and automobiles. With the increasing demands for intelligent and energy-efficient technologies across various industries, the market size of smart glass continues to expand. Particularly in the automotive and aircraft manufacturing sectors, an increasing number of glass components are adopting smart glass technology to meet the requirements of actively adjusting transmittance according to actual needs, such as regulating interior light intensity, protecting passenger privacy, and improving aircraft energy efficiency.

[0003] All-solid-state electrochromic (EC) technology, as an important branch of smart glass, has secured a place in the market due to its unique advantages. This technology features low haze, good heat insulation, low energy consumption, and continuously adjustable brightness, providing users with a more comfortable and energy-efficient experience. The structure of all-solid-state EC smart glass includes two electrodes: a cathode and an anode, located at the top layer (assuming the anode, i.e., the upper electrode) and the bottom layer (assuming the cathode, i.e., the lower electrode), respectively. The top electrode can be directly connected to a drive signal to achieve precise control of the smart glass's transmittance.

[0004] However, the current method of fabricating the lower electrode of all-solid-state EC dimming glass is prone to problems such as adhesion and short circuits, which affect its normal use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a dimming glass that can prevent adhesion and short circuits, thereby improving safety.

[0006] This application provides a dimming glass, comprising a first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second electrode layer sequentially stacked thereon. The dimming glass further includes:

[0007] An insulating layer is disposed on the first electrode layer, such that the electrochromic layer covers the first electrode layer and the insulating layer;

[0008] The dimming glass is provided with a first scribe line and a second scribe line, and the first scribe line and the second scribe line are irradiated by a laser to construct a first groove and a second groove.

[0009] The first groove and the second groove respectively penetrate the second electrode layer and the electrochromic layer, any one of the first groove and the second groove is arranged corresponding to the insulating layer, and the groove width of the first groove or the second groove is smaller than the planar size of the insulating layer.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the light control glass further comprises a reflective layer, and the first groove and / or the second groove is arranged below the reflective layer.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the reflective layer is arranged with an arc-shaped groove.

[0012] When the first scribe line and / or the second scribe line is irradiated by laser, a focused reflection occurs through the arc-shaped groove, so that the groove width of the first groove and / or the second groove gradually decreases in the direction from the first electrode layer to the second electrode layer.

[0013] In a possible implementation, when the first groove and the second groove are both arranged with the reflective layer, the distance between the two reflective layers is smaller than a preset distance, so that a laser beam is shared when the first groove and the second groove are constructed.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the reflective layer is a planar structure.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the planar size of the reflective layer is smaller than the planar size of the insulating layer.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the reflective layer is made of a metal material.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the insulating layer is made of a carbon material.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the inner wall of the first groove and the second groove is formed with a sticky layer, and the first groove or the second groove without the insulating layer is filled with conductive silver paste.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the light control glass further comprises a substrate layer, and the substrate layer is arranged on the side of the first electrode layer away from the second electrode layer.

[0020] According to the light-adjustable glass provided by the embodiment of the present application, when the insulating layer is arranged below the first groove or the second groove, the insulating layer plays a role of insulation, avoids accidental connection of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, thereby preventing short circuit phenomenon from occurring, and improves stability of the light-adjustable glass. The insulating layer can effectively block abnormal current flow, ensures electrical safety of the light-adjustable glass, avoids electrical failure caused by short circuit and the like, reduces maintenance and replacement frequency of the light-adjustable glass in the use process, and reduces use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings incorporated in the specification and forming a part thereof illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise of no creative labor, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings. One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings, and these exemplary illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, unless otherwise specified. The drawings in the drawings do not constitute a proportion limit.

[0022] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic view of the light-adjustable glass provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic view of the light-adjustable glass provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic view of the light-adjustable glass provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic view of the light-adjustable glass provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic view of the light-adjustable glass provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0027] Figure 6 A cross-sectional schematic view of the light-adjustable glass provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0029] 1, light-adjustable glass; 11, first electrode layer; 12, electrochromic layer; 13, second electrode layer; 14, insulating layer; 15, first groove; 16, second groove; 17, reflecting layer; 171, arc-shaped groove; 18, adhesive layer; 19, base layer; AA, first scribe line; AB, second scribe line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will be combined with the accompanying drawings for the embodiments of the present application to make a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different structures of the present application. For the purpose of simplification, the components and arrangements of the specific examples are described in the following. Of course, they are only examples and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, reference numerals and / or letters can be repeated in different examples in the present application. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, the present application provides various specific examples of processes and materials, but a person of ordinary skill in the art can realize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0032] For the purpose of description, spatial relative terms can be used in the text to describe the relative position relationship or movement of one element or feature with respect to another element or feature as shown in the drawings, such as "internal", "external", "inboard", "outboard", "under", "below", "on", "above", "front", "back", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is flipped over or the posture is changed or the movement state is changed, the directional indications will also change accordingly, for example: the element described as "under" or "below" another element or feature will be oriented as "above" or "above" another element or feature. Therefore, the example term "below" can include both the up and down positions. The device can be additionally oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used in the text are interpreted accordingly.

[0033] First embodiment

[0034] As Figures 1-3As shown, the embodiment provides a dimming glass 1, which is designed to solve the problems existing in the preparation process of the electrode of the existing dimming glass, and improve the performance and reliability of the dimming glass. Among them, the dimming glass 1 includes a first electrode layer 11, an electrochromic layer 12 and a second electrode layer 13, the electrochromic layer 12 is stacked on the first electrode layer 11, and the second electrode layer 13 is stacked on the electrochromic layer 12, forming a multilayer composite structure to realize the electrochromic function of the dimming glass.

[0035] The first electrode layer 11 is a cathode layer, which can be made of indium tin oxide (ITO) material, so as to have good conductivity and transparency, and to ensure that the first electrode layer 11 can effectively conduct electrical signals without affecting the transparency of the dimming glass.

[0036] The electrochromic layer 12 is a key layer for the dimming glass to realize active and reversible change of transmittance. When different voltages are applied, the color and transmittance of the material are changed through internal redox reaction, so as to realize the optical performance adjustment of the dimming glass. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 is made of materials such as tungsten oxide (WO3), nickel oxide (NiO) and lithium-containing compounds.

[0037] Tungsten oxide is a typical cathode coloring electrochromic material, which has the advantages of high coloring efficiency and obvious color change (usually from transparent to deep blue). It has good absorption characteristics in the visible light region, and has good chemical stability, and can maintain stable performance in multiple cycles of redox reaction. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 can be prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD) method or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The physical vapor deposition method such as using physical method (such as evaporation, sputtering, etc.) to transfer tungsten oxide material from the target material to the first electrode layer 11 to form a uniform film. The chemical vapor deposition method such as through chemical reaction to decompose gaseous tungsten source (such as tungsten hexafluoride WF6) on the surface of the first electrode layer 11 and generate tungsten oxide film, etc., the specific steps are subject to actual situation.

[0038] Nickel oxide is an anodically coloring electrochromic material, whose color change is usually from transparent to brown. It has high optical contrast and good cycle stability, and is widely used in electrochromic devices. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 can be prepared by sol-gel method, electrodeposition method, etc. The sol-gel method is to dissolve nickel salt (such as nickel nitrate) in organic solvent, add appropriate amount of additives (such as complexing agent, stabilizer, etc.), and form uniform sol. Then through hydrolysis and polycondensation reaction, the sol gradually changes into gel, and finally the nickel oxide film is obtained through drying and heat treatment. The electrodeposition method is to make nickel ions on the electrode surface reduce and deposit to form a nickel oxide film by applying a certain voltage or current in an electrolyte containing nickel ions.

[0039] The lithium-containing compound is, for example, lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO2), etc. This kind of material combines the high mobility of lithium ions and the electrochromic properties of nickel element, and can realize fast color switching and high coloring efficiency. Among them, the electrochromic layer 12 can be prepared by high-temperature solid-phase reaction combined with thin film preparation technology. The lithium source (such as lithium carbonate Li2CO3) and the nickel source (such as nickel oxide NiO) are mixed uniformly according to a certain proportion, and the solid-phase reaction is carried out at high temperature to generate lithium nickel oxide powder. The synthesized lithium nickel oxide powder is made into slurry, and the slurry is coated on the surface of the first electrode layer 11 by screen printing, doctor blade coating and other methods, and then dried and sintered to obtain the electrochromic layer 12 of the lithium-containing compound.

[0040] The second electrode layer 13 is an anode layer, which can be made of indium tin oxide (ITO) material, so as to have good conductivity and transparency, which can meet the requirements of the electrode performance of the dimming glass. The second electrode layer 13 cooperates with the first electrode layer 11 to provide an electric field for the electrochromic layer 12, and drive the electrochromic reaction to occur.

[0041] The dimming glass further comprises an insulating layer 14, which is arranged on the first electrode layer 11, i.e. between the electrochromic layer 12 and the first electrode layer 11, so that the electrochromic layer 12 covers the first electrode layer 11 and the insulating layer 14. The function of the insulating layer 14 is to prevent short circuit between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13, and to improve the electrical insulation performance of the dimming glass.

[0042] The insulating layer 14 is a black organic insulating layer made of carbon material, such as carbon powder added polyimide (PI), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), etc. After adding carbon powder, the insulating layer 14 not only maintains good insulating properties, effectively preventing direct conduction of current between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13, and preventing short circuit phenomenon; but also has excellent chemical stability, can resist the erosion of external environmental factors such as humidity, temperature change and chemical substances, thereby maintaining its insulating properties for a long time. In addition, the black appearance can also play a certain shading role, which helps to optimize the optical performance of the dimmable glass.

[0043] The insulating layer 14 is formed by coating and exposing, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0044] Preparation of coating liquid: Dissolve carbon powder added polyimide (PI) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and other materials in a suitable solvent, stir uniformly, and form a coating liquid with a certain viscosity.

[0045] Coating: Use coating process such as spin coating, blade coating or spraying method to uniformly coat the coating liquid on the surface of the first electrode layer 11. The thickness and uniformity of the coating liquid need to be controlled during the coating process to ensure the consistency of the performance of the insulating layer 14.

[0046] Exposure: Place the coated substrate in the exposure equipment, and selectively expose the coating liquid through the mask. The coating liquid in the exposed area will undergo a chemical reaction, causing changes in its solubility or solidification properties.

[0047] Development: After exposure, use the developing liquid to treat the substrate, the unexposed part of the coating liquid will be dissolved and removed, and the exposed part will remain, forming a black organic insulating layer 14 with a specific pattern.

[0048] Post-processing: Post-processing is performed on the formed insulating layer 14, such as drying, curing, etc., to improve the stability and performance of the insulating layer 14.

[0049] The dimmable glass is provided with a first scribe line AA and a second scribe line AB, and the first scribe line AA and the second scribe line AB are irradiated by laser to form the first groove 15 and the second groove 16. During the laser cutting of the groove, a sticky layer 18 will be formed on the inner wall of the first groove 15 and the second groove 16 due to the laser ablation effect. The high energy of the laser will cause physical and chemical changes in the film layer material at the edge of the groove, resulting in adhesion between the film layers, thereby forming the sticky layer 18. The existence of this sticky layer 18 may affect the electrical performance of the dimmable glass, so it needs to be fully considered in the design and preparation process.

[0050] For the first trench 15 or the second trench 16 without the insulation layer 14, the electric connection between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 is realized by filling the conductive silver paste. The conductive silver paste has good conductivity and can fill the trench and form a reliable electrical path. When filling the conductive silver paste, it is necessary to ensure that the silver paste uniformly fills the trench and forms good contact with the electrode layer to ensure the stability and reliability of the electrical connection. When filling the conductive silver paste, a suitable process method is needed to ensure that the silver paste fully fills the trench and forms a good ohmic contact with the electrode layer. At the same time, attention should be paid to control the amount and filling speed of the silver paste to avoid uneven filling or overflow and other problems.

[0051] When the first trench 15 or the second trench 16 is provided with the insulation layer 14, the insulation layer 14 plays a key isolation role. The insulation layer 14 can effectively isolate the adhesive layer 18 from the first electrode layer 11, avoid the connection of the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 through the adhesive layer 18, and prevent the occurrence of short circuit phenomenon. Short circuit will cause the electrical performance of the dimming glass to decline, increase the leakage and power consumption, and affect the normal use of the dimming glass. The existence of the insulation layer 14 provides a guarantee for the stable operation of the dimming glass.

[0052] The main role of the insulation layer 14 is to provide electrical insulation and prevent accidental connection between the electrode layers through the adhesive layer 18. In the working process of the dimming glass, the electrode layers need to maintain a certain electrical isolation to ensure the normal progress of the electrochromic reaction. The insulation layer 14 can effectively block the abnormal flow of current and ensure the electrical safety of the dimming glass.

[0053] By setting the insulation layer 14, the stability of the dimming glass can be improved. Avoiding electrical failure caused by short circuit and other problems, reducing the maintenance and replacement frequency of the dimming glass during use, and reducing the use cost.

[0054] The first trench 15 and the second trench 16 respectively penetrate the second electrode layer 13 and the electrochromic layer 12, but do not penetrate the insulation layer 14 below the first electrode layer 11. There are different corresponding relationships in specific examples, and the following two examples will be described in detail.

[0055] First example

[0056] In the first example, the first trench 15 is connected with the first electrode layer 11. When the silver paste is filled in the first trench 15, the silver paste can conduct the first electrode layer 11, the electrochromic layer 12 and the second electrode layer 13, realizing the electrical signal transmission between the electrodes.

[0057] The second groove 16 is arranged corresponding to the insulating layer 14, that is, the insulating layer 14 is arranged below the second groove 16. In addition, the groove width of the second groove 16 is smaller than the planar size of the insulating layer 14. This design can ensure that the second groove 16 is completely separated from the first electrode layer 11, avoid short circuit between the first electrode layer 11 and other layers (such as the adhesive layer 18), and ensure the normal work of the dimming glass.

[0058] Second example

[0059] In the second example, the second groove 16 is connected with the first electrode layer 11. When the silver paste is filled in the second groove 16, the silver paste can conduct the first electrode layer 11, the electrochromic layer 12 and the second electrode layer 13, so as to realize the electrical connection between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13.

[0060] The first groove 15 is arranged corresponding to the insulating layer 14, that is, the insulating layer 14 is arranged below the first groove 15. In addition, the groove width of the first groove 15 is smaller than the planar size of the insulating layer 14. This design can completely separate the first groove 15 from the first electrode layer 11, avoid short circuit, and ensure the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0061] Through the above structure design and scribing arrangement, the dimming glass 1 of the embodiment can effectively solve the problems existing in the existing electrode preparation method, improve the reliability of electrode connection and the overall performance of the dimming glass. In the actual preparation process, appropriate examples can be selected for implementation according to specific needs. At the same time, the dimming glass can be widely used in energy, building, automobile and other industries, and has broad market prospects.

[0062] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 The dimming glass further comprises a reflective layer 17 made of a metal material such as Al, Ag, Mg, etc. The reflective layer 17 is formed by film forming and photolithography process, and plays a role of reflecting laser and protecting the first electrode layer 11 in the dimming glass.

[0063] First example

[0064] A reflective layer 17 is arranged below the first groove 15. Different shielding measures are taken at the two laser scribing lines, that is, the first scribing line AA and the second scribing line AB.

[0065] The first scribing line AA: a reflective conductor metal shield, that is, the reflective layer 17, is prepared. The reflective layer 17 can reflect laser, so that the laser irradiates the film layer again, reducing the direct damage to the first electrode layer 11. At the same time, the reflected laser can improve the utilization rate of laser and enhance the effect of laser scribing.

[0066] The second scribe line AB is shielded by the insulating layer 14. The insulating layer 14 can protect the first electrode layer 11 from the direct action of the laser. In addition, the insulating layer 14 can prevent the laser cutting edge from sticking, effectively preventing short circuit between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13.

[0067] Second example

[0068] A reflective layer 17 is arranged below the second groove 16, between the insulating layer 14 and the second groove 16, and the planar size of the reflective layer 17 is smaller than that of the insulating layer 14.

[0069] The reflective layer 17 and the insulating layer 14 work together to further protect the first electrode layer 11. The reflective layer 17 reflects the laser, reducing the damage of the laser to the first electrode layer 11. At the same time, the insulating layer 14 completely insulates the reflective layer 17 and the first electrode layer 11, effectively preventing short circuit between the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 caused by the sticking of the laser cutting edge.

[0070] Third example

[0071] A reflective layer 17 is arranged below the first groove 15 and the second groove 16, one of which is between the insulating layer 14 and the second groove 16, and the planar size of the reflective layer 17 is smaller than that of the insulating layer 14.

[0072] When laser scribing the light control glass, the laser is used to irradiate the position that needs to be cut, i.e. the first scribe line AA and the second scribe line AB. Due to the presence of the reflective layer 17, when the laser irradiates on the reflective layer 17, it will be reflected, so that the film layer in the light control glass is also irradiated once by the reflected laser, i.e. the film layer is irradiated twice.

[0073] This double irradiation can reduce the required laser energy and improve the efficiency of laser scribing. At the same time, the reflective layer 17 can protect the first electrode layer 11 from laser damage. At the position of the second scribe line AB, due to the presence of the insulating layer 14, the protection of the first electrode layer 11 can be further improved, effectively preventing short circuit between the second electrode layer 13 and the first electrode layer 11 due to the sticking of the film layer after laser ablation.

[0074] The reflective layer 17 is prepared by film forming and photolithography process. The film forming process can choose physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to deposit metal material on the first electrode layer 11 to form a thin film. The photolithography process can pattern the reflective layer 17 through photoresist, exposure, development and other steps.

[0075] The laser is used to irradiate the position that needs to be cut, and the energy, frequency and irradiation time of the laser are accurately controlled to ensure accurate scribing and no unnecessary damage to other layers.

[0076] Through the above structural design and preparation examples, the dimmable glass of the present embodiment has significant advantages in improving electrode connection reliability, protecting electrode layers, and reducing laser energy requirements, and can be widely applied to various fields requiring dimming function.

[0077] In the present embodiment, the reflective layer 17 is, for example, a planar structure. During the process of laser scribing to form the first groove 15 or the second groove 16, the planar structure of the reflective layer 17 provides a clear boundary for the laser. When the laser is irradiated, it can accurately determine the cutting range according to the planar profile of the reflective layer 17, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of inconsistent groove width caused by laser scattering or deviation. For example, in the absence of the reflective layer 17 or with irregular reflective layer structure, the laser may diffuse during cutting, causing the width of the groove to exceed the expected range and affecting the connection and insulation effect between electrodes. The planar reflective layer 17 can guide the laser to cut along the predetermined path, ensuring that the groove width meets the design requirements.

[0078] Due to the stable and predictable planar structure of the reflective layer 17, engineers can more conveniently adjust parameters such as laser energy, frequency, and irradiation time during the laser scribing process. By accurately designing the planar size and position of the reflective layer 17 in advance, combined with the parameter settings of the laser scribing equipment, precise control of the groove width can be achieved. This controllability makes the production process of the dimmable glass more standardized and normalized, improving the quality and consistency of the product.

[0079] The planar structure of the reflective layer 17 helps to form regular first grooves 15 or second grooves 16. During laser scribing, the planar surface of the reflective layer 17 can provide a uniform reflection surface for the laser, allowing it to maintain stable energy distribution during cutting and thus form regular-shaped grooves. Regular groove shapes are beneficial for subsequent electrode connection and insulation material filling, improving the overall performance of the dimmable glass. For example, regular rectangular grooves can ensure tighter connection between electrodes, reduce contact resistance, and also facilitate uniform filling of insulation material in the grooves, improving insulation effect.

[0080] The planar reflective layer 17 can reduce the deformation and defects of the groove during laser scribing. Since the planar surface of the reflective layer 17 provides stable support and guidance, the laser will not be subjected to uneven stress or interference during cutting, thereby reducing the likelihood of defects such as bending, twisting, or cracking of the groove. This is crucial for ensuring the electrical and mechanical performance of the dimmable glass, as deformation and defects of the groove may cause electrode short circuit, insulation failure, and other problems, affecting the normal use of the dimmable glass.

[0081] In this embodiment, by precisely controlling the groove width and structure of the first groove 15 or the second groove 16, the yield, performance stability and production efficiency of the product are improved, providing a strong guarantee for the large-scale production and application of the dimming glass.

[0082] In this embodiment, the dimming glass further comprises a substrate layer 19, which serves as the basic support structure of the dimming glass and is arranged on the side of the first electrode layer 11 away from the second electrode layer 13, playing a crucial role in the performance and stability of the entire dimming glass.

[0083] The selection of the material of the substrate layer 19 needs to consider multiple factors, such as mechanical strength, chemical stability, optical performance, and compatibility with other layers, etc. The substrate layer 19 is made of materials such as glass, polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), etc.

[0084] The substrate layer 19 provides a solid mechanical support for other layers of the dimming glass. During the production, processing and use of the dimming glass, it will be subjected to various external forces, such as stretching, bending, impact, etc. The high strength and rigidity of the substrate layer 19 can ensure the structural integrity of the dimming glass under these external forces, preventing separation or damage between the layers. For example, during the installation of the dimming glass, the substrate layer 19 can withstand the stress generated during the installation process, ensuring the installation quality of the dimming glass.

[0085] The substrate layer 19 is located on the outermost side of the dimming glass, which can effectively protect the internal structure from the erosion of the external environment. It can prevent moisture, dust, chemicals, etc. from entering the interior of the dimming glass, avoiding corrosion and damage to the first electrode layer 11, electrochromic layer 12 and second electrode layer 13, etc. For example, in some humid environments, the waterproof performance of the substrate layer 19 can prevent moisture from penetrating into the interior of the dimming glass, prolonging the service life of the dimming glass.

[0086] The optical performance of the substrate layer 19 will also affect the overall optical effect of the dimming glass. By selecting appropriate substrate layer materials and surface treatment, the optical performance of the dimming glass can be optimized, such as improving the light transmittance, reducing reflection, etc. For example, using a glass substrate layer with an anti-reflection coating can reduce the reflection of light on the surface of the dimming glass, improve the transmittance of light, and make the dimming glass more clear and bright in the transparent state.

[0087] The substrate layer 19 needs to have good compatibility with other layers to ensure the close combination and cooperative work between the layers. During the preparation of the dimming glass, the surface properties of the substrate layer 19 will affect the deposition and adhesion effect of the subsequent layers. For example, the surface roughness and chemical activity of the substrate layer 19 will affect the deposition quality and adhesion of the first electrode layer 11, and then affect the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0088] The substrate layer 19 provides a stable support surface for the first electrode layer 11, and the surface quality and chemical stability of the substrate layer 19 directly affect the deposition effect and performance of the first electrode layer 11. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the substrate layer 19 can also ensure that the first electrode layer 11 is not damaged during use.

[0089] The substrate layer 19, together with the electrochromic layer 12, the second electrode layer 13, and the insulating layer 14, the reflective layer 17, and the adhesive layer 18, etc., constitutes the overall structure of the dimming glass. Each layer cooperates with each other to realize the electrochromic function of the dimming glass. The substrate layer 19 as the basic support ensures the relative position and structural stability between the layers, so that the entire dimming glass can work normally.

[0090] In the laser scribing process, the high energy generated by the laser can cause potential damage to the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13, such as ablation, melting, or even fracture, which can affect the electrical conductivity and stability of the first electrode layer 11. By preparing a shielding structure above the first electrode layer 11 at the two laser scribe lines, the risk of such damage is effectively reduced. The reflective layer 17 at the first scribe line AA can reflect part of the laser energy, reducing the direct impact of the laser on the first electrode layer 11, thereby significantly reducing the damage to the first electrode layer 11 caused by the laser impact. At the second scribe line AB, the combination of the insulating layer 14 and the reflective layer 17 provides a more comprehensive protection for the first electrode layer 11.

[0091] Because the shielding structure effectively reduces the damage to the electrode during the laser scribing process, the electrode can maintain its original physical and chemical properties, thereby enhancing the long-term stability of the electrode. This helps the dimming glass to maintain good electrical connection and performance during long-term use, reducing the cost of repair and replacement due to electrode damage.

[0092] The reflective layer 17 at the first scribe line AA not only has the effect of protecting the electrode, but also can guide the reflected laser energy back to the laser cutting area. This energy reflection mechanism increases the energy density of the laser at the cutting site, allowing the laser to act more efficiently on the cutting target, improving the cutting efficiency and precision of the laser. By more accurately forming the required groove shape and size, the electrical connection and insulation performance of the dimming glass are ensured, and the waste of laser energy is also reduced.

[0093] The improvement of laser utilization rate means that more cutting tasks can be completed under the same laser power and processing time, or the same cutting effect can be achieved at a lower laser power. This not only reduces the cost of laser processing, but also reduces the wear and tear of laser equipment, prolonging the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the optimized laser processing process also helps to improve the production efficiency of the dimming glass and meet the needs of mass production.

[0094] The combination structure of the reflective layer 17 and the insulating layer 14 at the second scribe line AB has good insulating properties, which can effectively isolate the electrical connection between the laser cutting edge adhesive layer 18 and the first electrode layer 11. During the laser cutting process, the film material at the edge of the groove may be adhered to form a conductive channel, causing the first electrode layer 11 and the second electrode layer 13 to short circuit. The presence of the insulating layer 14 prevents the formation of such a conductive channel, fundamentally avoiding the occurrence of short circuit phenomenon and improving the electrical safety of the dimming glass.

[0095] The reflective layer 17 cooperates with the insulating layer 14 at the second scribe line AB to further enhance the short circuit prevention capability. The reflective layer 17 blocks reflected laser energy, reducing the adhesion of the laser cutting edge and reducing the likelihood of the adhesive layer 18 forming a conductive channel. At the same time, it forms a double protection mechanism with the insulating layer 14, providing a more reliable guarantee for the electrical performance of the dimming glass.

[0096] By reducing electrode damage, improving laser utilization rate and avoiding short circuit and other problems, the shielding structure at the laser scribe line of the dimming glass significantly improves the yield of the product. In the production process, the number of defective products caused by electrode damage, inaccurate cutting or short circuit and other defects is reduced, the production cost is reduced, and the economic benefits of the enterprise are improved.

[0097] Second embodiment

[0098] The second embodiment of the present application also provides a dimming glass, which has the same or similar structure as the dimming glass provided by the first embodiment thereof, except that, as shown in Figures 3-5 The reflective layer 17 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 171, so that the reflective layer 17 is configured as a concave lens structure. This dimming glass is mainly used to construct the first groove 15 and / or the second groove 16 by laser irradiation of the first scribe line AA and / or the second scribe line AB, to achieve specific electrical connection and insulation functions.

[0099] According to the optical principle of the concave lens, the shape and size of the arc-shaped groove 171 can be designed. The curvature radius, depth and other parameters of the arc-shaped groove 171 need to be accurately calculated according to the wavelength and energy of the laser and the required focusing effect, so that the reflective layer 17 can effectively focus the incident laser.

[0100] Materials with high reflectivity are selected to prepare the reflective layer 17, such as aluminum (Al), silver (Ag), and other metal materials. These materials can effectively reflect laser energy, improving the utilization of laser.

[0101] The laser beam is accurately irradiated to the first scribe line AA and / or the second scribe line AB position. The wavelength, power, pulse width, and other parameters of the laser need to be adjusted according to the material properties of the dimming glass and the scribe requirements. In general, a laser with higher energy and appropriate wavelength is selected to ensure that it can effectively ablate the dimming glass to form a groove.

[0102] When the laser irradiates the reflective layer 17, the laser will be focused and reflected due to the concave lens structure of the reflective layer 17. The arc-shaped groove 171 makes the reflected laser more concentrated and has higher energy. The focused laser can more accurately act on the dimming glass, improving the ablation efficiency of the laser.

[0103] The focused and reflected laser acts on the dimming glass, forming a first groove 15 and / or a second groove 16 at the first scribe line AA and / or the second scribe line AB position. Due to the focusing effect of the laser, the groove width of the first groove 15 and / or the second groove 16 gradually decreases along the direction from the first electrode layer 11 to the second electrode layer 13. This gradually decreasing groove width helps to improve the accuracy and quality of the groove, while reducing the width of laser ablation and reducing damage to the surrounding material.

[0104] Through the above specific embodiments, the dimming glass of the second embodiment can effectively utilize the concave lens structure of the reflective layer 17, improve the utilization of the laser and the scribe accuracy, and at the same time ensure the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0105] Third Embodiment

[0106] The third embodiment of the present application also provides a dimming glass, which has the same or similar structure as the dimming glass provided by the second embodiment thereof, except that, as shown in Figure 3 、 Figure 6 When the first groove 15 and the second groove 16 are both provided with the reflective layer 17, the distance between the two reflective layers 17 is less than a predetermined distance, so that a laser beam is shared when the first groove 15 and the second groove 16 are constructed. This design aims to reduce the number of laser scans and improve production efficiency.

[0107] The distance between the two reflective layers 17 is accurately controlled to be less than a predetermined distance. The determination of the predetermined distance needs to consider factors such as the wavelength, energy, focusing characteristics of the laser, and the material properties of the dimming glass. By reasonably designing the distance, it is ensured that the laser can simultaneously irradiate the two reflective layers 17, and the reflected laser can form two clear scribe lines.

[0108] To avoid the short circuit caused by the adhesion between the two reflective layers 17, one of the reflective layers 17 is arranged adjacent to or connected with the insulating layer 14. The insulating layer 14 has good insulation performance and can effectively isolate the electrical connection between the two reflective layers 17.

[0109] The appropriate laser parameters are selected, including the wavelength, power, pulse width, etc. of the laser. The laser energy needs to be controlled to be unable to ablate the film layer under the reflected laser energy after focusing, so as to ensure that the laser can form the first groove 15 and the second groove 16 respectively when irradiating the two reflective layers 17 at the same time, without excessive ablation of other parts of the dimming glass.

[0110] One laser beam is used to irradiate the two reflective layers 17 at the same time. Due to the concave lens structure of the two reflective layers 17, the laser will be focused and reflected. The laser reflected by each reflective layer 17 acts on the dimming glass to form the first groove 15 and the second groove 16, respectively. Due to the precise control of the laser energy, the laser reflected by the reflective layer 17 can accurately ablate the required groove shape and size.

[0111] After the laser irradiates the reflective layer 17, the energy is more concentrated after the focusing and reflection of the concave lens structure. The laser reflected by the two reflective layers 17 respectively acts on the dimming glass along different paths to form the first groove 15 and the second groove 16 at the positions of the first scribe line AA and the second scribe line AB. Due to the small spacing between the two reflective layers 17 and the shielding of the insulating layer 14 in between, the reflected laser will not interfere with each other, and two clear scribe lines can be formed.

[0112] Through the above specific embodiments, the dimming glass of the third embodiment can effectively utilize the layout design of the two reflective layers 17, realize the formation of two scribe lines by one laser scanning, improve the production efficiency, and at the same time ensure the electrical performance and stability of the dimming glass.

[0113] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including" and "has" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order in which they are described or illustrated, unless otherwise explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps can be employed.

[0114] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example implementations.

[0115] The foregoing detailed description of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Various modifications and changes can be made to the embodiments in light of the above detailed description without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the application. It is to be understood that the application can be practiced without the following claims.

Claims

1. A dimming glass comprising a first electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second electrode layer which are sequentially stacked, characterized in that, The dimming glass further comprises: an insulating layer disposed on the first electrode layer, such that the electrochromic layer covers the first electrode layer and the insulating layer; The dimming glass is provided with a first scribe line and a second scribe line, and the first scribe line and the second scribe line are irradiated by laser to form a first groove and a second groove; The first groove and the second groove respectively penetrate the second electrode layer and the electrochromic layer, any one of the first groove and the second groove is correspondingly disposed with the insulating layer, and the groove width of the first groove or the second groove is smaller than the planar size of the insulating layer; The dimming glass further comprises a reflective layer, and the insulating layer is disposed between the first groove and / or the second groove and the reflective layer.

2. The dimmable glass according to claim 1, wherein, The reflective layer is provided with an arc-shaped groove; When the first scribe line and / or the second scribe line are irradiated by laser, focused reflection occurs through the arc-shaped groove, so that the groove width of the first groove and / or the second groove gradually decreases in the direction from the first electrode layer to the second electrode layer.

3. The dimmable glass of claim 1, wherein, When the reflective layer is disposed below the first groove and the second groove, the spacing between the two reflective layers is less than a preset distance, so that a laser beam is shared when the first groove and the second groove are formed.

4. The switchable glass of claim 1, wherein, The reflective layer is in a planar structure.

5. The switchable glass of claim 1, wherein, The planar size of the reflective layer is smaller than the planar size of the insulating layer.

6. The switchable glass of claim 1, wherein, The reflective layer is made of a metal material.

7. The switchable glass of claim 1, wherein, The insulating layer is made of a carbon material.

8. The switchable glass of claim 1, wherein, The inner walls of the first groove and the second groove are formed with an adhesive layer, and the first groove or the second groove without the insulating layer is filled with conductive silver paste.

9. The switchable glass of claim 1, wherein, The dimming glass further comprises a substrate layer, and the substrate layer is disposed on the side of the first electrode layer away from the second electrode layer.

Images