Self-adaptive control circuit and method for photovoltaic panel of solar lighting equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a self-adaptive control circuit and method for a photovoltaic panel of solar lighting equipment. The circuit is composed of a light intensity detection module composed of a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, a double-shaft precision motor driving circuit and a stable power management module. The method comprises the following execution steps of: acquiring light intensity data and temperature compensation through a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix to improve the accuracy of light intensity acquisition; the deviation angle between the azimuth angle and the pitch angle is calculated based on the dynamic coefficient to improve the efficiency of the deviation angle; rapid tracking and accurate positioning are realized according to a dual-motor adjustment mode; the angle adjustment frequency of the photovoltaic panel is optimized in real time based on the change rate of the charging efficiency so as to balance the charging efficiency and the motion power consumption of the photovoltaic panel; limiting a seasonal adjustment range according to latitude information; and mechanical and electrical integration intelligent control is adopted, so that the technical bottlenecks of the solar equipment in the aspects of precision, efficiency and reliability are systematically improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of solar lighting. More specifically, the present invention discloses an adaptive control circuit and method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device. Background Art

[0002] Most photovoltaic panels of traditional solar lighting devices adopt fixed brackets or simple single-axis tracking schemes to adjust the charging angle of the photovoltaic panel. Although the photovoltaic panel charging adjustment schemes of traditional solar lighting devices have the advantages of simple installation and low cost, there are problems of low charging efficiency and weak processing ability in extreme weather scenarios, specifically including: First, the fixed bracket cannot adapt to the dynamic changes of the sun's azimuth. Especially in cloudy weather or season alternation, the light receiving efficiency of the photovoltaic panel decreases, resulting in insufficient charging efficiency; Second, single-axis tracking usually only adjusts the east-west direction angle of the photovoltaic panel and cannot dynamically adjust the north-south orientation of the photovoltaic panel according to seasons and climate characteristics, and cannot maximize the light receiving efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; Third, existing light intensity detection mostly relies on a single photosensitive sensor, there are detection blind spots and it is easily affected by environmental temperature drift, resulting in large angle calculation errors and unable to achieve precise alignment; In addition, traditional schemes also lack the processing ability for extreme weather, such as strong winds, and there is a risk of mechanical jamming or structural damage.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adaptive control technology for the charging angle of a photovoltaic panel with dual-axis tracking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive control circuit and method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device. The circuit consists of a light intensity detection module composed of a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, a dual-axis precision motor drive circuit, and a stable power management module; the execution steps of the method include: collecting light intensity data and temperature compensation through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix to improve the accuracy of light intensity collection; calculating the deviation angles of the azimuth angle and the pitch angle based on dynamic coefficients to improve the efficiency of the deviation angle; realizing fast tracking and precise positioning according to the dual-motor adjustment mode; optimizing the photovoltaic panel angle adjustment frequency in real time based on the change rate of the charging efficiency to balance the charging efficiency and motion power consumption of the photovoltaic panel; restricting the seasonal adjustment range according to the latitude information; adopting mechatronic intelligent control to systematically improve the technical bottlenecks of solar devices in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect of the present invention, an adaptive control circuit for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device is provided, and the circuit includes:

[0006] A processor, a light intensity detection module, a motion control module, and a power management module;

[0007] The light intensity detection module includes a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix composed of 4 groups of photosensitive sensors distributed in a ring. Each group of photosensitive sensors is connected to the processor through a differential amplifier circuit and a high-precision analog-to-digital converter;

[0008] The motion control module includes a dual-drive channel for the direction axis and the pitch axis, and controls the direction axis stepper motor and the pitch axis stepper motor respectively according to the motor drive signal of the processor;

[0009] The power management module includes an MPPT controller connected to the solar photovoltaic panel, a lithium battery energy storage unit, and a logic power module that provides power to the processor.

[0010] In this solution, the light intensity detection module further includes:

[0011] Each group of photosensitive sensors is configured with a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature value in real time and transmitting it to the processor;

[0012] The differential amplifier circuit is provided with an adjustable resistor, and its resistance value is automatically adjusted according to the ambient light intensity.

[0013] In this solution, the motion control module further includes:

[0014] Each group of drive channels is connected to an overcurrent protection circuit;

[0015] Each group of drive channels is provided with a Hall limit switch;

[0016] The Hall limit switch is used to set the starting position and the ending position of the stepper motor;

[0017] The overcurrent protection circuit is composed of a field effect transistor IRF540N.

[0018] In this solution, the power management module further includes:

[0019] A voltage difference control unit for controlling the charge and discharge of the supercapacitor bank;

[0020] The output end of the MPPT controller is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor bank;

[0021] The output end of the MPPT controller is connected to the lithium battery energy storage unit after being connected in series with a Schottky diode.

[0022] The second aspect of the present invention further provides an adaptive control method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device, which is applied to the adaptive control circuit of the photovoltaic panel of any of the above-mentioned solar lighting devices. The method includes:

[0023] Collecting the first light intensity information in each direction through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, and synchronously obtaining the first temperature information of each group of photosensitive sensors;

[0024] Based on the first light intensity information and the first temperature information, the second light intensity information is obtained according to a preset temperature compensation formula;

[0025] Based on the second light intensity information, a first angle adjustment amount is obtained according to a preset angle adjustment algorithm, where the first angle adjustment amount includes an azimuth angle adjustment amount and a pitch angle adjustment amount;

[0026] Determine whether the first angle adjustment amount is greater than a preset first adjustment amount threshold;

[0027] If so, the motor adjustment mode is set to the fast adjustment mode;

[0028] If not, the motor adjustment mode is set to the precise calibration mode;

[0029] Adjust the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode;

[0030] After the motor adjustment is completed, obtain and record the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel.

[0031] In this solution, the adjustment of the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode is specifically as follows:

[0032] When it is determined that the motor adjustment mode is the fast adjustment mode;

[0033] Configure the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to a preset first subdivision level;

[0034] Drive the motor to rotate based on a preset starting speed;

[0035] Obtain a first target speed according to the first angle adjustment amount;

[0036] Determine whether the first angle adjustment amount is less than a preset second adjustment amount threshold;

[0037] If not, adjust the motor speed to the first target speed based on a preset acceleration curve;

[0038] If so, adjust the motor speed to a preset second target speed based on a preset deceleration curve and switch to the precise calibration mode.

[0039] In this solution, the adjustment of the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode is specifically as follows:

[0040] When it is determined that the motor adjustment mode is the precise calibration mode;

[0041] Configure the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to a preset second subdivision level;

[0042] Accelerate to a preset second target speed based on a preset starting speed, or decelerate to the preset second target speed according to the current speed;

[0043] Determine whether the first angle adjustment amount is less than a preset third adjustment amount threshold;

[0044] If so, control the motor to decelerate to a stop based on a preset deceleration curve.

[0045] This solution also includes:

[0046] Obtain at least two latest photovoltaic output powers based on the historical record of photovoltaic power;

[0047] Obtain the trigger period for the adaptive control of the photovoltaic panel;

[0048] Based on the photovoltaic output power and the trigger period, obtain the first slope information of the photovoltaic output power based on a preset linear fitting method;

[0049] Determine whether the first slope information is greater than a preset change rate threshold;

[0050] If so, shorten or maintain the trigger period according to the trigger period;

[0051] If not, extend the trigger period according to the trigger period.

[0052] This solution also includes:

[0053] Obtain date information;

[0054] Obtain the first latitude information based on the date information;

[0055] Obtain the second latitude information;

[0056] Calculate the difference between the second latitude information and the first latitude information to obtain the latitude difference information;

[0057] Determine whether the latitude difference information is greater than 0;

[0058] If so, shift the entire adjustable range of the pitch angle downward according to the latitude difference information;

[0059] If not, shift the entire adjustable range of the pitch angle upward according to the latitude difference information.

[0060] This solution also includes:

[0061] Determine when in a zero-light environment;

[0062] Drive the motor to make the azimuth angle and pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel in the reset position;

[0063] Collect the ambient light intensity through a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix to update the light compensation reference value.

[0064] The present invention provides an adaptive control circuit and method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device. The circuit consists of a light intensity detection module composed of a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, a two-axis precision motor drive circuit, and a stable power management module. The implementation steps of the method include: collecting light intensity data and temperature compensation through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix to improve the accuracy of light intensity collection; calculating the deviation angles of the azimuth angle and elevation angle based on dynamic coefficients to improve the efficiency of deviation angles; achieving fast tracking and precise positioning according to the dual-motor adjustment mode; optimizing the angle adjustment frequency of the photovoltaic panel in real time based on the change rate of charging efficiency to balance the charging efficiency and motion power consumption of the photovoltaic panel; restricting the seasonal adjustment range according to latitude information; adopting mechatronic intelligent control to systematically improve the technical bottlenecks of solar devices in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and reliability. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope.

[0066] Figure 1 Shows a connection schematic diagram of an adaptive control circuit for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device;

[0067] Figure 2 Shows a flowchart of an adaptive control method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device;

[0068] Figure 3 Shows a flowchart of the operation of the fast adjustment mode provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 Shows a flowchart of the operation of the precise calibration mode provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0070] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0071] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in a general dictionary should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "first", "second" and the like do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "a", "an" or "the" do not denote a quantity limitation either, but mean that there is at least one. Similarly, words such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or objects appearing before this word cover the elements or objects listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects.

[0073] Words such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The steps before or after the methods of the embodiments of the present invention do not necessarily have to be carried out precisely in order. On the contrary, various steps can be carried out in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or several steps can be removed from these processes.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which shows a schematic connection diagram of an adaptive control circuit of a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device.

[0075] As Figure 1 shown, in the first aspect of the present invention, an adaptive control circuit of a photovoltaic panel of the solar lighting device is disclosed, and the circuit includes:

[0076] a processor 101, a light intensity detection module 102, a motion control module 103 and a power management module 104;

[0077] The light intensity detection module includes 4 groups of photosensitive sensors distributed in a ring to form a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, and each group of photosensitive sensors is connected to the processor through a differential amplifier circuit and a high-precision analog-to-digital converter;

[0078] The motion control module includes a dual-drive channel for the direction axis and the pitch axis, and respectively controls a direction axis stepper motor and a pitch axis stepper motor according to the motor drive signal of the processor;

[0079] [[ID=__30]]The power management module includes an MPPT controller connected to the solar photovoltaic panel, a lithium battery energy storage unit and a logic power module for supplying power to the processor.

[0080] It should be noted that the light intensity detection module includes a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix composed of 4 groups of photosensitive sensors distributed in a ring, facing the four directions of east, west, north, and south respectively. Among them, as an implementation manner, the photosensitive sensor uses TSL2591. The output end of each group of photosensitive sensors is connected to a differential amplifier circuit for filtering and amplifying the light intensity acquisition signal. Among them, as an implementation manner, the differential amplifier circuit is composed of an AD8605 operational amplifier. The output end of the differential amplifier circuit is connected to a high-precision analog-to-digital converter (ADC), and the digital result of the light intensity acquisition signal is transmitted to the processor. Among them, as an implementation manner, the high-precision analog-to-digital converter is an external 16-bit ADC such as ADS1115, or an ADC built into the processor. The motion control module includes dual drive channels for the direction axis and the pitch axis, which are used for motor drive of the direction angle and the pitch angle. Among them, as an implementation manner, the motor drive chip uses DRV8825 or A4988 to achieve high-precision stepper motor control with adjustable subdivision. In addition, both the direction angle and pitch angle motors are provided with a running current detection circuit for real-time monitoring of the running current of the motors. The power management module is used to manage the power supply of the circuit. As an implementation manner, CN3791 is used as an MPPT controller, which is connected to the photovoltaic panel for controlling the charging input of the photovoltaic panel. The lithium battery energy storage system uses a lithium battery pack composed of several 18650 lithium batteries for storing and releasing electrical energy. Among them, the lithium battery pack is used as the power supply system of the circuit, responsible for supplying electrical energy for the operation of the processor and the motors. AMS1117 is used to generate the working logic voltage of the processor, such as 3.3V, for supporting the operation of the processor.

[0081] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the light intensity detection module further includes:

[0082] Each group of photosensitive sensors is configured with a temperature detection unit for real-time detection of the temperature value and transmission to the processor;

[0083] The differential amplifier circuit is provided with an adjustable resistor, and its resistance value is automatically adjusted according to the ambient light intensity.

[0084] It should be noted that each group of photosensitive sensors is configured with a temperature detection unit for real-time monitoring of the temperature value of the photosensitive sensor and transmitting the measured temperature value to the processor, which is used as the basis for temperature compensation of the photosensitive sensor. In the differential amplifier circuit for filtering and amplifying the light intensity acquisition signal, an adjustable resistor is provided for adjusting the gain of the differential amplifier circuit. By adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistor according to the ambient light intensity value, the amplification ratio of the light intensity acquisition signal is adjusted, the acquisition resolution is improved, and thus the accuracy of light intensity signal acquisition is improved.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the motion control module further includes:

[0086] Each group of drive channels is connected to an overcurrent protection circuit;

[0087] Each group of drive channels is provided with a Hall limit switch;

[0088] The Hall limit switch is used to set the starting position and the ending position of the stepper motor;

[0089] The overcurrent protection circuit is composed of a field effect transistor IRF540N.

[0090] It should be noted that each group of motor drive channels is provided with at least two Hall limit switches to limit the starting position and the ending position of the stepper motor, so as to prevent the motor from driving the photovoltaic panel to rotate to an abnormal position. The motor drive chips of each group of motor drive channels are all connected to an overcurrent protection circuit composed of a field effect transistor IRF540N. When the operating current of the motor is greater than the detection threshold of the overcurrent protection circuit, the field effect transistor IRF540N disconnects the power supply path to stop the motor from rotating and prevent the motor drive channel from being damaged due to excessive current.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power management module further includes:

[0092] A voltage difference control unit for controlling the charge and discharge of the supercapacitor bank;

[0093] The output end of the MPPT controller is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor bank;

[0094] The output end of the MPPT controller is connected to the lithium battery energy storage unit after being connected in series with a Schottky diode.

[0095] It should be noted that the output end of the MPPT controller is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor bank to absorb voltage mutations, such as providing instantaneous power compensation during sudden changes in light intensity. Among them, the MPPT controller controls the charge and discharge of the supercapacitor bank through the voltage difference control unit. The output end of the MPPT controller is connected in series with a Schottky diode and then connected to the lithium battery energy storage unit to achieve unidirectional conduction and prevent the current of the lithium battery from flowing back into the MPPT controller.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which shows a flowchart of an adaptive control method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device.

[0097] As Figure 2 shown, the second aspect of the present invention discloses an adaptive control method for a photovoltaic panel of the solar lighting device, and the method includes:

[0098] S202, collecting first light intensity information in each direction through a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix and synchronously obtaining first temperature information of each group of photosensitive sensors;

[0099] S204. Based on the first light intensity information and the first temperature information, obtain the second light intensity information according to a preset temperature compensation formula;

[0100] S206. Based on the second light intensity information, obtain a first angle adjustment amount according to a preset angle adjustment algorithm, where the first angle adjustment amount includes an azimuth angle adjustment amount and a pitch angle adjustment amount;

[0101] S208. Determine whether the first angle adjustment amount is greater than a preset first adjustment amount threshold;

[0102] S210. If so, set the motor adjustment mode to the fast adjustment mode;

[0103] S212. If not, set the motor adjustment mode to the precise calibration mode;

[0104] S214. Adjust the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode;

[0105] S216. After the motor adjustment is completed, obtain and record the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel.

[0106] It should be noted that the first light intensity information is the light intensity measured by each photosensitive sensor; the first temperature information is the temperature value collected by the temperature sensors set on each photosensitive sensor; the second light intensity information is the light intensity after compensation and calibration of each photosensitive sensor; the first angle adjustment amount is the adjustment amount of the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel; the fast adjustment mode realizes large-range angle rapid positioning by increasing the motor speed; the precise calibration mode is a mode in which the motor rotates slowly to accurately rotate to the set angle. Among them, in this embodiment, the azimuth angle direction is east-west, and the pitch angle direction is north-south.

[0107] First, collect the first light intensity information in each direction through a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, and simultaneously obtain the first temperature information of each group of light sensors. Based on a preset temperature compensation relationship, obtain the compensated light intensity. The calculation process of the temperature compensation relationship is as follows: first calculate the difference between the current temperature and the calibration reference temperature, and then combine the calibration coefficient obtained by laboratory calibration to obtain the temperature attenuation coefficient; then, calculate the light intensity correction value (the second light intensity information) according to the light intensity measurement value (the first light intensity information).

[0108] Secondly, based on the second light intensity information and a preset angle adjustment algorithm, obtain the azimuth angle adjustment amount and the pitch angle adjustment amount; among them, the azimuth angle adjustment amount is calculated based on the light intensity correction values of the east direction of the azimuth axis and the west direction of the azimuth axis according to a preset azimuth angle adjustment algorithm, and the pitch angle adjustment amount is calculated based on the light intensity correction values of the north direction of the pitch axis and the south direction of the pitch axis according to a preset pitch angle adjustment algorithm.

[0109] Then, determine the motor adjustment mode according to the first angle adjustment amount; when the first angle adjustment amount is greater than a preset first adjustment amount threshold, it indicates that the required adjustment angle is large, and the adjustment speed of the azimuth angle or the pitch angle needs to be accelerated through the fast adjustment mode; when the first angle adjustment amount is not greater than the preset first adjustment amount threshold, it indicates that the required adjustment angle is small, so the accuracy of angle adjustment is improved through the precise calibration mode by slow adjustment.

[0110] Finally, control the motor to rotate according to the first angle adjustment amount and the corresponding motor adjustment mode until the first angle adjustment amount reaches the set target. In addition, after the azimuth angle and the pitch angle are both adjusted, collect and record the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel to represent the charging power.

[0111] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which shows the operation flowchart of the fast adjustment mode provided by the embodiment of the present invention; [[ID=1,5]]

[0112] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, adjusting the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode specifically includes:

[0113] S302, when it is determined that the motor adjustment mode is the fast adjustment mode;

[0114] S304, configure the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to a preset first subdivision level;

[0115] S306, drive the motor to rotate based on a preset starting speed;

[0116] S308, obtain a first target speed according to the first angle adjustment amount;

[0117] S310, determine whether the first angle adjustment amount is less than a preset second adjustment amount threshold;

[0118] S312, if not, adjust the motor speed to the first target speed based on a preset acceleration curve;

[0119] S314, if so, adjust the motor speed to a preset second target speed based on a preset deceleration curve and switch to the precise calibration mode.

[0120] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the operation process of the fast adjustment mode is provided, and the specific steps include: when in the fast adjustment mode; configuring the subdivision signal according to the preset first subdivision level and starting the motor; obtaining the first target speed according to the first angle adjustment amount; judging whether the first angle adjustment amount is less than the preset second adjustment amount threshold, if not, adjusting the motor speed to the first target speed; if so, adjusting the motor speed to the preset second target speed and switching to the precise calibration mode.

[0121] In this embodiment, when in the fast adjustment mode, first, configure the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to the preset first subdivision level; among them, the drive chip can be configured with at least 2 subdivision levels, namely full subdivision and half subdivision, and the first subdivision level is full subdivision; when in full subdivision, each drive pulse signal can make the motor rotate an angle greater than that in half subdivision. Then, drive the motor to rotate according to the preset starting speed; when the first angle adjustment amount is less than the preset second adjustment amount threshold, based on the preset acceleration curve, gradually increase the frequency of the drive pulse signal to make the motor speed reach the first target speed obtained according to the first angle adjustment amount. When the first angle adjustment amount is not less than the preset second adjustment amount threshold, it means that the azimuth angle or the pitch angle is close to the target angle. At this time, based on the preset deceleration curve, gradually slow down the frequency of the drive pulse signal so that the motor speed is adjusted to the preset second target speed and switched to the precise calibration mode.

[0122] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 which shows the operation flow chart of the precise calibration mode provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0123] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4 shown, adjusting the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode specifically includes:

[0124] S402, when judging that the motor adjustment mode is the precise calibration mode;

[0125] S404, configuring the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to the preset second subdivision level;

[0126] S406, accelerating to the preset second target speed based on the preset starting speed, or decelerating to the preset second target speed according to the current speed;

[0127] S408, judging whether the first angle adjustment amount is less than the preset third adjustment amount threshold;

[0128] S410, if so, controlling the motor to decelerate to stop based on the preset deceleration curve.

[0129] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a running process of the precise calibration mode is provided. The specific steps include: when in the precise calibration mode; configuring a subdivision signal according to a preset second subdivision level; accelerating or decelerating to a preset second target speed according to the current speed; when the first angle adjustment amount is less than a preset third adjustment amount threshold, controlling the motor to decelerate to a stop based on a preset deceleration curve.

[0130] In this embodiment, when in the precise calibration mode, first, configure the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to a preset second subdivision level; among them, the drive chip can be configured with at least two subdivision levels, namely full subdivision and half subdivision, and the second subdivision level is half subdivision; when in half subdivision, each drive pulse signal can make the motor rotate an angle smaller than that in full subdivision. Then, if the motor is in a stopped state, start the motor based on a preset starting speed and gradually accelerate to the second target speed; if the motor is in a running state, accelerate or decelerate to the preset second target speed according to the current motor speed. Until the first angle adjustment amount is less than a preset third adjustment amount threshold, it means that the azimuth angle or the elevation angle has reached the target angle range, and then control the motor to decelerate to a stop based on a preset deceleration curve.

[0131] In the embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:

[0132] Based on the historical record of photovoltaic power, obtain at least two latest photovoltaic output powers;

[0133] Obtain the trigger period of the adaptive control of the photovoltaic panel;

[0134] According to the photovoltaic output power and the trigger period, obtain the first slope information of the photovoltaic output power based on a preset linear fitting method;

[0135] Judge whether the first slope information is greater than a preset change rate threshold;

[0136] If so, shorten or maintain the trigger period according to the trigger period;

[0137] If not, extend the trigger period according to the trigger period.

[0138] It should be noted that the triggering period is the adjustment period of the charging angle of the photovoltaic panel; the first slope information represents the change rate of the photovoltaic output power. In this embodiment, a mechanism for optimizing the adjustment frequency of the photovoltaic panel angle is provided. The specific steps include: obtaining the first slope information of the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic power history record and the triggering period; determining whether the first slope information is greater than a preset change rate threshold; if so, shortening or maintaining the triggering period according to the triggering period; if not, extending the triggering period according to the triggering period.

[0139] In this embodiment, after each round of azimuth angle and elevation angle adjustment is completed, the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel is collected and recorded to represent the charging power. Then, based on the latest at least two photovoltaic output powers, according to the adjustment period of the triggering photovoltaic panel charging angle, by using a linear fitting method such as the least squares method, the first slope information of the photovoltaic output power can be obtained; among them, the slope in the linear relationship can represent the change rate of the photovoltaic output power. When the first slope information is greater than the preset change rate threshold, it indicates that the photovoltaic power is changing positively and the change rate is relatively high. At this time, by shortening or maintaining the triggering period, it is ensured that the adjustment frequency of the photovoltaic panel charging angle remains relatively high. When the first slope information is not greater than the preset change rate threshold, it indicates that the photovoltaic power is changing negatively or the change rate is relatively low. At this time, by extending the triggering period, the number of times of components in the circuit for data acquisition and drive output is reduced, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing power consumption.

[0140] In the embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:

[0141] Obtaining date information;

[0142] Based on the date information, obtaining the first latitude information;

[0143] Obtaining the second latitude information;

[0144] Calculating the difference between the second latitude information and the first latitude information to obtain the latitude difference information;

[0145] Determining whether the latitude difference information is greater than 0;

[0146] If so, shifting the adjustable range of the elevation angle downward as a whole according to the latitude difference information;

[0147] If not, shifting the adjustable range of the elevation angle upward as a whole according to the latitude difference information.

[0148] It should be noted that the first latitude information is the latitude value of the direct solar point; the second latitude information is the latitude value of the location where the lighting device is located; wherein, in this embodiment, for the convenience of calculation, the north latitude is defined as a positive value and the south latitude is defined as a negative value. In this embodiment, a step of adjusting the adjustable range of the pitch angle is provided to improve the seasonal adaptability. According to the date information, the latitude value of the direct solar point can be queried. Then, based on the relationship between the first latitude information and the second latitude information according to the latitude where the lighting device is located, the adjustable range of the pitch angle is controlled. For example, if it is winter and the direct solar point is in the southern hemisphere while the lighting device is set in the northern hemisphere, the adjustable range of the pitch angle needs to be shifted downward as a whole to increase the light energy receiving angle of the photovoltaic panel, thereby increasing the photovoltaic output power.

[0149] In the embodiment of the present invention, it further includes:

[0150] When it is determined that it is in a zero-light environment;

[0151] Through the driving motor, the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel are in the reset position;

[0152] Collect the ambient light intensity through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix to update the light compensation reference value.

[0153] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a self-calibration mechanism for the photosensitive sensor is included. As an implementation manner, when the four-quadrant light intensity is detected to be lower than 10 lux continuously for 30 minutes, it is determined as a zero-light environment. When in a zero-light environment such as at night, first, reset the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel, then collect the ambient light intensity through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, and then update the dynamic adjustment coefficients of the azimuth angle and the pitch angle in the angle adjustment algorithm based on the angle adjustment algorithm. Through the self-calibration mechanism, the accuracy of light intensity collection is improved.

[0154] It is worth mentioning that it further includes:

[0155] When it is determined that it is a rainy day;

[0156] Drive the azimuth angle motor and the pitch angle motor respectively to rotate from the starting position to the ending position, record the motor drive current during the rotation process, and obtain the first current curve;

[0157] Determine the first cleaning angle information according to the first current curve;

[0158] Adjust the azimuth angle and the pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the first cleaning angle information.

[0159] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a self-cleaning process for rainy days is set up to reduce the dust attached to the photovoltaic panel. When it is determined to be a rainy day, the azimuth angle motor and the elevation angle motor are respectively driven to rotate from the starting position to the ending position, and the motor drive current during the rotation process is recorded to obtain the first current curve. When the photovoltaic panel tends to be perpendicular to the direction of raindrop fall, the greater the force on the photovoltaic panel, the higher the drive current required for its rotation. Therefore, the first cleaning angle information can be determined according to the first current curve. By driving the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is made to tend to be perpendicular to the direction of raindrop fall, thereby improving the cleaning effect.

[0160] It is worth mentioning that it further includes:

[0161] When it is determined to be a rainy day;

[0162] According to a preset first time period, a vibration water removal operation is performed;

[0163] The vibration water removal operation is specifically:

[0164] Drive the azimuth angle or elevation angle motor to perform a reciprocating rotation within a preset first vibration angle range.

[0165] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a vibration water removal process is set up. When it is determined to be a rainy day, by driving the azimuth angle or elevation angle motor to perform a reciprocating rotation within a preset first vibration angle range, the photovoltaic panel is driven to achieve reciprocating jitter, thereby achieving the effect of water removal.

[0166] It is worth mentioning that when it is determined to be a strong wind weather and a strong wind warning is triggered;

[0167] Drive the azimuth angle motor and the elevation angle motor respectively to rotate from the starting position to the ending position, record the motor drive current during the rotation process, and obtain the first current curve;

[0168] Determine the first downwind angle information according to the first current curve;

[0169] Adjust the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the first downwind angle information.

[0170] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a strong wind warning mechanism is set up to prevent the photovoltaic panel or its support from being damaged due to too large a force-bearing area. Drive the azimuth angle motor and the elevation angle motor respectively to rotate from the starting position to the ending position, record the motor drive current during the rotation process, and obtain the first current curve. When the photovoltaic panel tends to be parallel to the wind direction, the wind resistance of the photovoltaic panel is smaller, that is, the force is smaller, and the drive current required for its rotation is lower. Therefore, the first downwind angle information can be determined according to the first current curve. By driving the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is made to tend to be parallel to the wind direction, thereby reducing the wind resistance and improving the stability of the photovoltaic panel.

[0171] In summary, the present invention provides an adaptive control circuit and method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device. The circuit consists of a light intensity detection module composed of a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, a two-axis precision motor drive circuit, and a stable power management module. The execution steps of the method include: collecting light intensity data and temperature compensation through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix to improve the accuracy of light intensity collection; calculating the deviation angles of the azimuth angle and the pitch angle based on dynamic coefficients to improve the efficiency of deviation angle calculation; achieving fast tracking and precise positioning according to the dual-motor adjustment mode; optimizing the frequency of photovoltaic panel angle adjustment in real time based on the change rate of charging efficiency to balance the charging efficiency and motion power consumption of the photovoltaic panel; implementing seasonal adjustment range limitation according to latitude information; and adopting mechatronic intelligent control to systematically improve the technical bottlenecks of solar devices in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and reliability.

[0172] In addition, in each embodiment of the present invention, each functional module can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist alone, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0173] If the above functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as an independent product, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0174] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive control circuit for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device, characterized in that, The circuit includes: a processor, a light intensity detection module, a motion control module, and a power management module; the light intensity detection module includes a four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix composed of 4 groups of photosensitive sensors distributed in a ring, and each group of photosensitive sensors is connected to the processor through a differential amplifier circuit and a high-precision analog-to-digital converter; the motion control module includes dual drive channels for the azimuth axis and the pitch axis, and respectively controls the azimuth axis stepping motor and the pitch axis stepping motor according to the motor drive signal of the processor; the power management module includes an MPPT controller connected to a solar photovoltaic panel, a lithium battery energy storage unit, and a logic power supply module for supplying power to the processor.

2. The adaptive control circuit of the photovoltaic panel of the solar lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light intensity detection module further includes: each group of photosensitive sensors is configured with a temperature detection unit for real-time detecting the temperature value and transmitting it to the processor; the differential amplifier circuit is provided with an adjustable resistor, and its resistance value is automatically adjusted according to the ambient light intensity.

3. The adaptive control circuit of the photovoltaic panel of the solar lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motion control module further includes: each drive channel is connected to an overcurrent protection circuit; each drive channel is provided with a Hall limit switch; the Hall limit switch is used to set the starting position and the ending position of the stepping motor; the overcurrent protection circuit is composed of a field effect transistor IRF540N.

4. The adaptive control circuit of the photovoltaic panel of the solar lighting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module further includes: a voltage difference control unit for controlling the charge and discharge of the supercapacitor bank; the output end of the MPPT controller is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor bank; after the output end of the MPPT controller is connected in series with a Schottky diode, it is connected to the lithium battery energy storage unit.

5. An adaptive control method for a photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device, which is applied to the adaptive control circuit of the photovoltaic panel of the solar lighting device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The method includes: collecting first light intensity information in each direction through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix, and synchronously obtaining first temperature information of each group of photosensitive sensors; obtaining second light intensity information based on a preset temperature compensation formula according to the first light intensity information and the first temperature information; obtaining a first angle adjustment amount based on a preset angle adjustment algorithm according to the second light intensity information, wherein the first angle adjustment amount includes an azimuth angle adjustment amount and a pitch angle adjustment amount; judging whether the first angle adjustment amount is greater than a preset first adjustment amount threshold; if so, setting the motor adjustment mode to a fast adjustment mode; if not, setting the motor adjustment mode to a precise calibration mode; adjusting the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode; after the motor adjustment is completed, obtaining and recording the photovoltaic output power of the photovoltaic panel.

6. The adaptive control method of the photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjusting the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode specifically is: when judging that the motor adjustment mode is a fast adjustment mode; configuring the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to a preset first subdivision level; driving the motor to rotate based on a preset starting speed; obtaining a first target speed according to the first angle adjustment amount; judging whether the first angle adjustment amount is less than a preset second adjustment amount threshold; if not, adjusting the motor speed to the first target speed based on a preset acceleration curve; if so, adjusting the motor speed to a preset second target speed based on a preset deceleration curve, and switching to the precise calibration mode.

7. The adaptive control method of the photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjusting the motor drive signal according to the first angle adjustment amount and the motor adjustment mode specifically is: When it is determined that the motor adjustment mode is the precise calibration mode; Configure the subdivision signal of the motor drive chip according to the preset second subdivision level; Accelerate to the preset second target speed based on the preset starting speed, or decelerate to the preset second target speed according to the current speed; Determine whether the first angle adjustment amount is less than the preset third adjustment amount threshold; If so, control the motor to decelerate to a stop based on the preset deceleration curve.

8. The adaptive control method of the photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes: Obtain at least two latest photovoltaic output powers based on the historical record of photovoltaic power; Obtain the trigger period of the adaptive control of the photovoltaic panel; Based on the preset linear fitting method, obtain the first slope information of the photovoltaic output power according to the photovoltaic output power and the trigger period; Determine whether the first slope information is greater than the preset change rate threshold; If so, shorten or maintain the trigger period according to the trigger period; If not, extend the trigger period according to the trigger period.

9. The adaptive control method of the photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes: Obtain the date information; Obtain the first latitude information based on the date information; Obtain the second latitude information; Calculate the difference between the second latitude information and the first latitude information to obtain the latitude difference information; Determine whether the latitude difference information is greater than 0; If so, shift the entire adjustable range of the pitch angle downward according to the latitude difference information; If not, shift the entire adjustable range of the pitch angle upward according to the latitude difference information.

10. The adaptive control method of the photovoltaic panel of a solar lighting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes: When it is determined that it is in a zero-light environment; Drive the motor to make the azimuth angle and pitch angle of the photovoltaic panel in the reset position; Collect the ambient light intensity through the four-quadrant light intensity detection matrix to update the light compensation reference value.

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