FSU equipment supporting multiple slot positions and multiple types of board cards and data transmission method

Abstract

The invention provides FSU equipment supporting multiple slot positions and multiple types of board cards and a data transmission method, and relates to the technical field of power and environment monitoring, the FSU equipment supports multiple expansion slot positions, and different types of expansion board cards can be inserted into each expansion slot position, so that diversified interface requirements of different scenes can be met, and multiple types of data can be transmitted. The FSU equipment comprises an FSU processing unit, a universal serial bus hub and a plurality of expansion board cards; the FSU processing unit is connected with the USB hub through a USB interface; downlink interfaces of the USB hub serve as expansion slots to be connected with the expansion board card, the expansion board card achieves the function of transmitting corresponding types of data through the micro-processing control unit, the type of the expansion board card is related to the function of the expansion board card, the expansion board card can determine the communication address of the expansion board card according to the inserted expansion slots, and the expansion board card is further connected with power environment equipment. And the FSU processing unit can carry out data transmission with the expansion board card according to the type and the communication address of the expansion board card.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of dynamic environment monitoring, and particularly to an FSU device supporting multiple slots and multiple types of board cards and a data transmission method. Background Art

[0002] In the current field of dynamic environment monitoring, the Field Supervision Unit (FSU), as an important on-site data acquisition and processing device, is widely used in places such as data centers, large and medium-sized computer rooms, etc. to achieve real-time monitoring of environmental parameters and equipment status.

[0003] However, the interface configuration of traditional FSU devices is usually fixed, that is, the quantity and type of interfaces such as serial ports, Analog Input (AI), Digital Input (DI), and Digital Output (DO) are preset before leaving the factory. This design appears rather rigid when facing different operators or different application scenarios. With the continuous expansion of network facilities and the scale of data centers, operators' requirements for the quantity and type of interfaces of FSU devices are increasingly diversified. The FSU with a fixed interface configuration is difficult to meet the requirements of different operators or different application scenarios. If multiple FSU devices with different interface configurations are manufactured to adapt to different customization requirements, the device cost will increase significantly.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an FSU device that can flexibly adapt to various interface requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an FSU device supporting multiple slots and multiple types of board cards and a data transmission method. The FSU device supports multiple expansion slots, and each expansion slot can insert different types of expansion board cards, so as to meet the diversified interface requirements of different scenarios and transmit various types of data.

[0006] In a first aspect, an FSU device supporting multiple slots and multiple types of board cards is provided, including an FSU processing unit, a universal serial bus hub, and multiple expansion board cards: The FSU processing unit is provided with a universal serial bus interface; The upstream interface of the universal serial bus hub is connected to the universal serial bus interface. The number of downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub are used as expansion slots to connect different types of expansion board cards; The expansion board is plugged into the expansion slot of the universal serial bus hub. The expansion board realizes the function of transmitting corresponding types of data through the microprocessing control unit. The type of the expansion board is related to its own function. The expansion board is used to determine its own communication address according to the inserted expansion slot. The expansion board performs data transmission with the connected power environment device through an interface matching its own function. After the expansion board is inserted into the corresponding expansion slot, it is mapped as a universal serial bus device; The FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board.

[0007] In a feasible design, the types of multiple expansion boards include serial port data transmission, analog input, digital input, digital output, and mixed data transmission. The expansion board of the serial port data transmission type supports the function of transparent transmission of serial port data. The expansion board of the analog input type supports the function of collecting analog input data. The expansion board of the digital input type supports the function of collecting digital input data. The expansion board of the digital output type supports the function of outputting digital control data. The expansion board of the mixed data transmission type supports the function of collecting analog input data and transparent transmission of serial port data; The FSU processing unit and each expansion board establish a virtual general-purpose acquisition channel and M virtual serial ports in the corresponding expansion slot, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The FSU processing unit is used to perform the functions of collecting analog input data, collecting digital input data, or outputting digital control data with each expansion board through the general-purpose acquisition channel. The FSU processing unit is used to perform the function of transparent transmission of serial port data with each expansion board through the serial port channel.

[0008] In a feasible design, the FSU processing unit is used to send a first command or a second command to the expansion board through the general-purpose acquisition channel. The first command is used to obtain the type of the expansion board, and the second command is used to instruct to perform data acquisition or output digital control data.

[0009] In a feasible design, the expansion board is provided with Q1 first general-purpose input / output pins, where Q1 is determined according to N. There are multiple resistors on the connector of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub. Each resistor is used to configure the state of the general-purpose input / output pin level of the expansion board. The expansion board is used to determine the identifier of the inserted expansion slot according to the combination of the states of the Q1 general-purpose input / output pin levels.

[0010] In a feasible design, the expansion board is provided with Q2 second general-purpose input / output pins, where Q2 is determined according to the number of types of functions of multiple expansion boards. The expansion board is used to determine its own type according to the combination of the states of the Q2 second general-purpose input / output pin levels.

[0011] In a feasible design, the communication protocol format used by the FSU processing unit and the expansion board for communication through the general acquisition channel is the ministry-issued format, which includes a first field, a second field, and a third field; The first field is used to describe the communication address of the expansion board; The second field is used to describe the data action type or return information; The third field is used to describe the control data information or response data information.

[0012] In a feasible design, the FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board, including: The FSU processing unit is used to determine the identifier of the downstream interface in the universal serial bus hub to which the expansion board is connected; The FSU processing unit is used to determine the identifier of the expansion slot corresponding to the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected according to the identifier of the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected and the first mapping relationship. The first mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub and the identifier of the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit is used to determine the communication address of the expansion board according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship. The second mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the expansion slot and the communication address of the expansion board; The FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board.

[0013] In a second aspect, a data transmission method is provided. Using the device in any of the above embodiments, the method includes: The FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board inserted into the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit sends a first command to the expansion board based on the communication address of the expansion board. The first command is used to obtain the type of the expansion board; After receiving the first command, the expansion board sends a first response to the FSU processing unit, and the first response includes the type information of the expansion board; The FSU processing unit determines the type of the expansion board according to the first response; The FSU processing unit determines and sends a second command or a third command according to the type of the expansion board. The second command is used to instruct the expansion board to perform data acquisition or output digital quantity control data, and the third command is used to instruct to obtain serial port data; After receiving the second command, the expansion board performs corresponding operations according to the second command, or after receiving the third command, the expansion board forwards the third command to the power environment device connected to the expansion board.

[0014] In a feasible design, the FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board inserted into the expansion slot, including: The FSU processing unit determines the identifier of the downstream interface in the universal serial bus hub to which the expansion board is connected; The FSU processing unit determines the identifier of the expansion slot corresponding to the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected according to the identifier of the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected and the first mapping relationship. The first mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub and the identifier of the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship. The second mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the expansion slot and the communication address of the expansion board.

[0015] In a feasible design, it includes: After the expansion board is inserted into the expansion slot, it determines the identifier of the inserted expansion slot through the combination of the states of the Q1 general-purpose input / output pin levels; The expansion board determines its own communication address according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship.

[0016] In this application, considering that in a power environment, the FSU device needs to monitor various types of devices, such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, current sensors, etc. These devices perform different types of data transmission through different interfaces. For example, the serial port (for transmitting serial data), the analog input (AI) interface (for transmitting analog input data), the digital input (DI) interface (for transmitting digital input data), the digital output (DO) interface (for outputting digital control data), etc. To meet the diverse monitoring requirements, this application sets a USB interface on the FSU processing unit and connects a multi-port USB Hub as a relay for the expansion slots. The plug-and-play feature of the expansion board enables each expansion slot to access different types of expansion boards as needed, realizing the dynamic communication connection between the FSU processing unit and multiple types of expansion boards. The multi-port USB Hub enables the FSU processing unit to have multiple expansion slots, realizing that the FSU processing unit can simultaneously support the access of different types of expansion boards. At the software level, the expansion board automatically identifies its communication address through the expansion slot, thus having the ability to communicate with the FSU processing unit. The FSU processing unit automatically identifies the type and communication address of the expansion board, thus having the ability to perform corresponding type of data transmission with different types of expansion boards. Therefore, the FSU device provided by this application can easily adapt to different power environment monitoring requirements, such as adding a serial port, an AI interface, a DI interface, or a DO interface, which can be realized by inserting the corresponding type of expansion board, avoiding the functional limitations and high costs caused by the fixed number and type of interfaces of traditional FSU devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of an FSU device supporting multiple slots and multiple types of boards provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the principle of an expansion board identifying the identifier of an expansion slot provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the division of a USB data channel provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of data transmission provided by an exemplary embodiment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] With the establishment of large and medium-sized computer rooms and data centers of each communication operator, the requirements for the number of interfaces of FSU devices are increasing. For example, the requirements for the number of serial ports, analog input (AI) interfaces, digital input (DI) interfaces, and digital output (DO) interfaces have increased significantly. Moreover, different computer rooms have different requirements for the number and type of interfaces, which requires the FSU device to be able to dynamically expand different types and numbers of interfaces. Traditional FSU devices usually adopt a fixed interface design, which cannot meet the requirements of different scenarios at the same time, resulting in high equipment costs and poor flexibility.

[0021] To solve the above problems, the present application proposes an FSU device and a data transmission method that support multiple slots and multiple types of board cards. The FSU device can support multiple expansion slots, and different types of expansion board cards can be inserted into each slot, realizing the flexible expansion of the FSU device and meeting the requirements of different scenarios. It not only reduces the production cost of the FSU device but also can flexibly meet the different requirements for the FSU in different scenarios.

[0022] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the present application provides an FSU device that supports multiple slots and multiple types of board cards, including an FSU processing unit, a universal serial bus hub, and multiple expansion board cards: The FSU processing unit is provided with a universal serial bus interface; The upstream interface of the universal serial bus hub is connected to the universal serial bus interface, and the number of downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub are used as expansion slots to connect different types of expansion board cards; The expansion board cards are plugged into the expansion slots of the universal serial bus hub. The expansion board cards realize the function of transmitting corresponding types of data through a microprocessing control unit. The type of the expansion board card is related to its own function. The expansion board card is used to determine its own communication address according to the inserted expansion slot. The expansion board card performs data transmission with the connected power environment device through an interface matching its own function. After the expansion board card is inserted into the corresponding expansion slot, it is mapped to a universal serial bus device; The FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board.

[0023] Among them, the FSU processing unit includes basic communication functions, data processing functions, and management functions. This application does not limit the chip used by the FSU processing unit. For example, it can be the Rockchip PX30 chip. The FSU processing unit is provided with a USB 1.1 or higher interface and can act as a USB host device to manage multiple USB slave devices (i.e., the USB devices mapped by the expansion board in the system of the FSU processing unit). The FSU processing unit is connected to a universal serial bus hub through the USB interface to achieve communication with various types of expansion boards.

[0024] Power environment devices are devices for which data needs to be collected or devices to be controlled in the power environment, such as various sensors, surveillance cameras, etc.

[0025] That the expansion board is mapped as a universal serial bus device after being inserted into the corresponding expansion slot means that after the expansion board is inserted into the expansion slot, it establishes a connection with the central processing unit of the FSU processing unit through the USB communication architecture. At the operating system level, this connection is realized in the form of a virtual serial communication port, and its underlying driver adopts the Universal Serial Bus Communications Device Class (CDC). The specific mapping process is as follows: Each expansion board is recognized as an independent USB slave device during the enumeration process; the FSU processing unit assigns a unique device identifier to each expansion board; the FSU processing unit establishes a virtual serial channel through the USB CDC or USB Abstract Control Model (ACM) driver model to achieve abstract control at the operating system level.

[0026] This application does not limit the number of USB interfaces of the FSU processing unit, and each USB interface can be connected to a universal serial bus hub.

[0027] It should be understood that the number of downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub is configured according to the number of expansion slots required. For example, the number N of downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub is 7.

[0028] It should be understood that the expansion board in this application has a circuit for implementing the corresponding function, and the specific design of the circuit is determined according to actual requirements.

[0029] In this application, considering that in a power environment, the FSU device needs to monitor various types of devices, such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, current sensors, etc. These devices perform different types of data transmission through different interfaces. For example, serial ports (for transmitting serial data), analog input (AI) interfaces (for transmitting analog input data), digital input (DI) interfaces (for transmitting digital input data), digital output (DO) interfaces (for outputting digital control data), etc. To meet the diverse monitoring requirements, this application sets a USB interface on the FSU processing unit and connects a multi-port USB Hub as a relay for the expansion slots. The plug-and-play feature of the expansion board enables each expansion slot to access different types of expansion boards as needed, realizing the dynamic communication connection between the FSU processing unit and multiple types of expansion boards. The multi-port USB Hub enables the FSU processing unit to have multiple expansion slots, realizing that the FSU processing unit can simultaneously support the access of different types of expansion boards. At the software level, the expansion board automatically identifies its communication address through the expansion slot, thus acquiring the ability to communicate with the FSU processing unit. The FSU processing unit automatically identifies the type and communication address of the expansion board, thus acquiring the ability to perform corresponding type of data transmission with different types of expansion boards. Therefore, the FSU device provided by this application can easily adapt to different power environment monitoring requirements, such as adding serial ports, AI interfaces, DI interfaces, or DO interfaces, which can be achieved by inserting the corresponding type of expansion board, avoiding the functional limitations and high costs caused by the fixed number and type of interfaces of traditional FSU devices.

[0030] The following explains the basic concept of the expansion slots of this application: At the hardware level, the expansion slot is the downstream interface of the USB Hub and serves as the mechanical plugging and unplugging point for the expansion board. For example, a 7-port Hub provides 7 expansion slots.

[0031] At the software level, the FSU processing unit converts the physical expansion slots into logical identifiers through USB topology enumeration, and the identifiers of the expansion slots serve as the communication addressing basis for the FSU processing unit and the expansion board.

[0032] The expansion slot uses the USB Hub downstream port as the physical carrier and realizes the dynamic mapping mechanism of "port number - device address - virtual node" through the USB protocol stack, forming a strong binding relationship between the physical plugging and unplugging position and the logical communication address, and finally constructing a modular and hot-pluggable device expansion channel at the operating system layer.

[0033] Based on the above expansion slots, exemplarily, after the expansion board is inserted into the expansion slot, the names of the USB devices mapped in the operating system of the FSU processing unit include: Product Identity (PID) and Vendor Identity (VID). Different expansion slots map the expansion board into different USB devices.

[0034] Among them, the identifier of the expansion slot into which the expansion board can be inserted is used as the PID of the expansion board to uniquely represent the expansion board.

[0035] In a feasible design, the FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board, including: The FSU processing unit is used to determine the identifier of the downstream interface in the universal serial bus hub to which the expansion board is connected; The FSU processing unit is used to determine the identifier of the expansion slot corresponding to the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected according to the identifier of the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected and the first mapping relationship, and the first mapping relationship is used to one-to-one correspond the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub with the identifier of the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit is used to determine the communication address of the expansion board according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship, and the second mapping relationship is used to one-to-one correspond the identifier of the expansion slot with the communication address of the expansion board; The FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board.

[0036] In the above embodiments, by establishing two - layer mapping relationships - the first mapping relationship connects the downstream interface identifier of the USB hub with the expansion slot identifier, and the second mapping relationship further corresponds the expansion slot identifier with the communication address of the expansion board. The FSU processing unit can intelligently identify and locate each inserted expansion board, ensuring the accuracy of data transmission. This mechanism eliminates the inconvenience of manual configuration or reliance on complex software algorithms in traditional FSU devices, achieving hardware - level dynamic identification and instant communication. Based on the mapped communication address and combined with the type of the expansion board, the FSU processing unit can directly send targeted instructions or data. For example, it can query the environmental temperature from an expansion board of the type for collecting AI data, or send a control signal to an expansion board of the type for outputting DO data. This design not only significantly reduces the data - processing delay and improves the system response speed, but also enhances the stability and security of the entire FSU system due to the clear and controllable communication path, enabling the device to more flexibly adapt to various monitoring requirements while ensuring high communication efficiency and data integrity. Additionally, decoupling the mapping relationship from the physical interface supports updating only the mapping table when replacing the USB Hub or adjusting the slot layout, ensuring the flexibility of system expansion. The above embodiments achieve a high degree of automation and precise control capabilities of the FSU device in data - transmission management.

[0037] In a feasible design, the expansion board is provided with Q1 general - purpose input / output (GPIO) pins, where Q1 is determined according to N. There are multiple resistors on the connector of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub, and each resistor is used to configure the state of the general - purpose input / output pin level of the expansion board. The expansion board is used to determine the identifier of the inserted expansion slot according to the combination of the states of the Q1 general - purpose input / output pin levels.

[0038] For example Figure 2 as shown, each type of expansion board uses the same chip as the MCU and uniformly uses fixed GPIO ports to identify the inserted expansion slot. Q1 and N should satisfy Taking 7 expansion slots as an example (i.e., N = 7), then it should satisfy then . In Figure 2 , three GPIO ports, namely PB1, PB2, and PB3, of the MCU of the expansion board are used to identify the inserted expansion slot. Pull - up resistors or pull - down resistors are provided on the connector of the expansion slot. The pull - up resistor is used to configure the state of the GPIO pin level of the expansion board as a high level, and the pull - down resistor configures the state of the GPIO pin level as a low level. The MCU of the expansion board identifies the identifiers of different expansion slots by detecting the combination of the states of the three GPIO pin levels.

[0039] Further, the expansion board determines its communication address according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship.

[0040] In the above example, the expansion board automatically identifies the expansion slot identifier according to the GPIO pin level combination generated by the preset resistor of the connector, eliminating manual DIP switches or software configuration. Through mathematical constraints (Q1 satisfies ), it is ensured that each expansion slot has a unique level encoding, completely eliminating the risk of address conflicts. In addition, in the above example, only the connector resistor needs to be added or removed to adjust the slot capacity (for example, increasing from 4 slots to 8 slots only requires adding 1 GPIO pin), significantly reducing the expansion cost and complexity. Therefore, the above example not only reduces the risk of the FSU device's dependence on software, ensures fast and accurate identification of hardware in any environment, but also greatly simplifies the integration process of the expansion board, avoiding the cumbersome work of frequently modifying software configuration due to hardware changes.

[0041] In a feasible design, the present application realizes different types of data transmission by virtualizing a general acquisition channel and a serial port channel capable of data transparent transmission. Specifically, the FSU processing unit and each expansion board establish a virtual general acquisition channel and M virtual serial port channels in the corresponding expansion slots, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The FSU processing unit is used to realize the functions of collecting analog input data, collecting digital input data, or outputting digital control data with each expansion board through the general acquisition channel, and the FSU processing unit is used to realize the function of transparent transmission of serial port data with each expansion board through the serial port channel.

[0042] Exemplarily, as Figure 3 shown, the FSU processing unit and each expansion board virtualize 5 channels in the USB data channel of the corresponding expansion slot, including 1 general acquisition channel and 4 serial port channels (i.e., serial port channel 1, serial port channel 2, serial port channel 3, and serial port channel 4). The general acquisition channel is responsible for collecting analog input data, collecting digital input data, and outputting digital control data, and the serial port channel is responsible for the transparent transmission of serial port data.

[0043] Further exemplarily, the general acquisition channel is also responsible for collecting the device information of the expansion board, such as the type of the expansion board, the device model, the firmware version, etc.

[0044] In the above embodiments, by virtually dividing the USB data channels of each expansion slot into 1 general acquisition channel + 4 serial ports channels, a single expansion slot can support multiple types of data communication simultaneously. Among them, the general acquisition channel can not only collect analog input data, digital input data, and device information of the expansion board, but also output digital control data. This means that a single expansion board can undertake tasks that previously required multiple physical interfaces, greatly simplifying the hardware layout and reducing production and maintenance costs. At the same time, by setting up 4 serial ports channels, the fast transparent transmission of serial port data is ensured, meeting the requirements for communication with multiple devices in complex monitoring systems. More importantly, this design of virtual channels enables the FSU device to dynamically adapt to different scenarios. Each expansion slot is no longer limited to transmitting specific types of data, but can transmit the required type of data according to actual needs, greatly enhancing the configurability and expandability of the FSU device.

[0045] It should be understood that if no expansion board is inserted into the expansion slot, the corresponding USB virtual channels will not be mapped in the FSU processing unit.

[0046] Based on the above embodiments, exemplarily, the second mapping relationship is used to correspond one by one the state combinations of the GPIO pin levels of the expansion board, the communication address of the expansion board, the identifier of the expansion slot, the name of the mapped USB device, the name of the general acquisition channel, the name of serial port channel 1, the name of serial port channel 2, the name of serial port channel 3, and the name of serial port channel 4.

[0047] For example, the content of the second mapping relationship is shown in Table 1 and Table 2: Table 1: Partial content of the second mapping relationship (expansion slots 1 - 4)

[0048] Table 2: Partial content of the second mapping relationship (expansion slots 5 - 7)

[0049] Based on the above embodiments of the virtual channel design, correspondingly, the types of multiple expansion boards include serial port data transmission, analog input, digital input, digital output, and mixed data transmission. The expansion board of the serial port data transmission type (abbreviated as the general serial port expansion board) supports the function of transparent transmission of serial port data. The expansion board of the analog input type (abbreviated as the general AI expansion board) supports the function of collecting analog input data. The expansion board of the digital input type (abbreviated as the general DI expansion board) supports the function of collecting digital input data. The expansion board of the digital output type (abbreviated as the general DO expansion board) supports the function of outputting digital control data. The expansion board of the mixed data transmission type (abbreviated as the dedicated expansion board) supports the function of collecting analog data and transparent transmission of serial port data.

[0050] Among them, the interface used to connect to the power environment device in each expansion board is matched with the type of the expansion board.

[0051] It can be seen that if the type of the expansion board is a dedicated expansion board or a general serial port expansion board, all 5 virtual channels can be used for data transmission. If the type of the expansion board is a general AI expansion board, a general DI expansion board, or a general DO expansion board, only the general acquisition channel in its 5 virtual channels is used for data transmission, and the 4 serial port channels are not enabled.

[0052] Exemplarily, the general AI expansion board supports 8 channels of general AI, the general DI expansion board supports 16 channels of general DI, the general serial port expansion board supports 4 channels of general serial ports, the general DO expansion board supports 4 channels of general DO, and the dedicated expansion board supports 4 channels of general AI and 2 channels of general serial ports. Among them, the general serial port expansion board that supports 4 channels of general serial ports can correspondingly achieve data transparent transmission through 4 virtual serial port channels. The dedicated expansion board that supports 2 channels of general serial ports can correspondingly achieve data transparent transmission through 2 virtual serial port channels.

[0053] In a feasible design, the expansion board is provided with Q2 second general-purpose input / output pins, where Q2 is determined according to the number of types of functions of multiple expansion boards. The expansion board is used to determine its own type according to the combination of the states of the levels of the Q2 second general-purpose input / output pins.

[0054] For example, Q2 satisfies , is the number of types of expansion boards. Taking the expansion board that supports 5 types as an example (i.e., the value of is 5), the value of Q2 can be set to 3. Taking the PA1, PA2, and PA3 of the MCU of the expansion board as the second general-purpose input / output pins as an example, the combinations of the states of the levels of the second general-purpose input / output pins corresponding to different types of expansion boards are as follows: The general AI expansion board corresponds to the pull-down of PA3, PA2, and PA1; The general DI expansion board corresponds to the pull-down of PA3, PA2, and the pull-up of PA1; The general serial port expansion board corresponds to the pull-down of PA3, the pull-up of PA2, and the pull-down of PA1; The general DO expansion board corresponds to the pull-down of PA3, the pull-up of PA2, and the pull-up of PA1; The dedicated expansion board corresponds to the pull-up of PA3, the pull-down of PA2, and the pull-down of PA1.

[0055] In the above embodiments, the expansion board directly determines its own type by using the level combination of Q2 second general-purpose input / output pins on the board. This solution does not require software burning or DIP switches. After power-on, the expansion board can lock its type through the combination of GPIO states, avoiding the risk of manual configuration errors. In addition, the value of Q2 can be dynamically set according to the total number of types, supporting the addition of new expansion board types in the future without hardware modification.

[0056] In order for the FSU processing unit to communicate with different types of expansion boards, and to implement the functions of collecting analog input data, collecting digital input data, or outputting digital control data with each expansion board through the general acquisition channel, and to implement the function of transparent transmission of serial port data with each expansion board through the serial port channel, this application designs the FSU processing unit to send a first command or a second command to the expansion board through the general acquisition channel. The first command is used to obtain the type of the expansion board, and the second command is used to instruct the expansion board to perform data acquisition or output digital control data. Correspondingly, after the expansion board collects the corresponding data according to the first command or the second command, the generated response is sent to the FSU processing unit through the general acquisition channel. Among them, performing data acquisition includes performing analog input data acquisition or performing digital input data acquisition. The digital control data is used to control the state of the power environment device connected to the expansion board.

[0057] This application designs the FSU processing unit to send a third command to the power environment device connected to the expansion board through the serial port channel. The third command is used to instruct to obtain serial port data. Correspondingly, after the power environment device generates a response according to the third command, it sends the response corresponding to the third command to the expansion board through the physical serial port connected to the expansion board, and the expansion board forwards the response corresponding to the third command to the FSU processing unit through the virtual serial port channel.

[0058] That is to say, when the FSU processing unit conducts serial port data transmission with the power environment device, the expansion board is only used for forwarding the original byte stream. For the FSU processing unit and the power environment device, the expansion board is "transparent", and the FSU processing unit and the power environment device can directly conduct serial port communication. Therefore, it can be called that "the FSU processing unit conducts serial port data transparent transmission with the power environment device through the expansion board".

[0059] Among them, the FSU processing unit conducts serial port data transparent transmission with the power environment device through the expansion board following the protocol applicable to serial port data transmission.

[0060] The FSU processing unit conducts data transmission with the expansion board through the general acquisition channel following the communication protocol designed in this application, that is, the transmission of the first command or the second command both follows this communication protocol, and the response sent by the expansion board to the FSU processing unit for the first command or the second command also follows this communication protocol.

[0061] The following is an explanation of this communication protocol: The format of the communication protocol adopts the ministry-issued format, as shown in Table 3: Table 3: Content of the ministry-issued format

[0062] In the ministry-issued format, SOI represents the start flag bit, VER represents the communication protocol version number, ADR represents the first field, and the first field is used to describe the communication address of the expansion board. CID1 is a placeholder used to expand the content of the communication protocol. CID2 represents the second field and is used to describe the data action type or return information. LENGTH represents the byte length of INFO (including LENID and LCHKSUM). INFO represents the third field and is used to describe the control data information or response data information. CHKSUM represents the sum check code, and EOI represents the end flag bit.

[0063] Exemplarily, the value of SOI is 7EH, the value of VER is 10H (indicating that the version number of the communication protocol is 1.0), the value of CID1 is 90H, and the value of EOI is 0DH.

[0064] Exemplarily, the numerical range adopted for the communication address of the expansion board is 1 - 254, and the numerical values 0 and 255 are reserved.

[0065] Exemplarily, the sum check code adopts the CRC check method.

[0066] Exemplarily, the data action types include obtaining the type of the expansion board (the value adopted is 4F), obtaining analog input data (the value adopted is 42), obtaining digital input data (the value adopted is 43), and outputting digital control data (the value adopted is 45), and the above values are all in hexadecimal.

[0067] Exemplarily, the return information is represented by a return code RTN, and the values of the return code RTN and their meanings are shown in Table 4 as follows: Table 4: Values of Return Code RTN and Their Meanings

[0068] Exemplarily, the control data information includes control instructions or parameters corresponding to the data action type. For example, when acquiring analog input, the INFO field contains the specific channel number and sampling rate. The control data information is included in the command sent by the FSU processing unit to the expansion board.

[0069] Exemplarily, the response data information includes the response results of the expansion board to the command, such as device status, data values, etc. The response data information is included in the response returned by the expansion board to the FSU processing unit.

[0070] In a feasible design, the communication protocol format adopted by the FSU processing unit and the expansion board for communication through the general acquisition channel is the ministry-issued format, and the ministry-issued format includes a first field, a second field, and a third field; The first field is used to describe the communication address of the expansion board; The second field is used to describe the data action type or return information; The third field is used to describe the control data information or response data information.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first field enables the FSU processing unit to locate the expansion board, ensuring that the instruction reaches the expansion board and the FSU processing unit can identify the source of the response; when the second field is used to define the data action type and the third field is used to describe the control data information, the expansion board can accurately execute the commands issued by the FSU processing unit; when the second field is used for return information and the third field is used to describe the response data information, the FSU processing unit can accurately parse the response of the expansion board, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of data interaction and improving the overall operation efficiency of the system.

[0072] The data format of the communication protocol is described below: In the basic format, except that SOI and EOI are encoded in hexadecimal and transmitted in hexadecimal form, VER, ADR, CID1, CID2, LENGTH, INFO, and CHKSUM are all interpreted in hexadecimal and transmitted through a "hexadecimal - ASCII code" mixed encoding method. Each byte is represented by two ASCII code characters, where the high four bits are represented by one ASCII code character and the low four bits are represented by another ASCII code character. For example: CID2 = 4BH, when transmitting, first transmit 34H, and then transmit two bytes of 42H.

[0073] The data format of LENGTH is shown in Table 5 below: Table 5: Data format of LENGTH

[0074] As you can see, LENGTH is a 2-byte field consisting of LENID and LCHKSUM. LENID represents the number of ASCII bytes transmitted for the INFO item. When LENID = 0, INFO is empty, meaning there is no such item. LENGTH is transmitted first with the high byte followed by the low byte, in four ASCII codes.

[0075] The calculation process of the check code LCHKSUM is as follows: First calculate the sum of D11D10D9D8+D7D6D5D4+D3D2D1D0, then perform a modulo 16 operation on the sum to get the remainder, negate the remainder, and add 1. For example: The ASCII code byte number of the INFO item is 18, that is, LENID = 0000 0001 0010.

[0076] D11D10D9D8+D7D6D5D4+D3D2D1D0 = 0000 + 0001 + 0010 = 0011. The remainder after the modulo 16 operation is 0011H. 0011H is inverted and added with 1, which is 1101H. That is, LCHKSUM is 1101H. LENGTH is 1101 0000 0001 0010, which is D012H.

[0077] The process of calculating CHKSUM is as follows: The ASCII code values of all characters except SOI, EOI, and CHKSUM are accumulated and summed. Then, the resulting sum is modulo 65536, the remainder is inverted, and 1 is added to get the final CHKSUM value. For example: The byte sequence received or sent is: "~1203400456ABCDFEFC72\R", then FC72 in the last five characters "FC72\R" is CHKSUM, which is calculated as: '1'+'2'+'0'+ ···+'A'+'B'+···+'F'+'E' = 31H + 32H + 30H + ···+ 41H + 42H + ···+ 46H + 45H = 038EH Among them, '1' represents the ASCII code value of 1, and 'E' represents the ASCII code value of E. The remainder obtained by taking 038EH modulo 65536 is 038EH, and the one's complement of 038EH plus 1 is 'FC72'.

[0078] The data formats adopted by INFO are floating-point format, integer type (2 bytes), long integer type (4 bytes), or unsigned character type (1 byte).

[0079] Among them, the floating-point format adopts the IEEE-754 standard (32), and is represented by a total of 32 bits in four bytes. The transmission order is from the low byte to the high byte, that is, the transmission order is: first the low byte D7~D0, then D15~D8, then D23~D15, and finally the high byte D31~D24, and finally divided into 8 ASCII codes for transmission. D31 corresponds to the floating-point sign bit S (1 bit), D30~D23 corresponds to the exponent part E (8 bits), and D22~D0 corresponds to the mantissa part M (23 bits).

[0080] Floating-point value = , M is mapped to a decimal number through , and E gets the true exponent through -127. The positive or negative of the floating-point number depends on the value of the sign bit S. S being 0 represents a positive number, and S being 1 represents a negative number.

[0081] For example, the 32-bit floating-point number is 40H, A0H, 00H, 00H, that is, (01000000101000000000000000000000). The sign bit S is the first value 0 in the order from left to right, the exponent part E is the 2nd value to the 9th value in the order from left to right, that is, 10000001, which is converted to decimal as . Therefore, the value of the 32-bit floating-point number is = 5.0.

[0082] The integer type includes signed integers and unsigned integers. The value range of signed integers is -32768~+32767, and the range of unsigned integers is 0~+65535. The transmission order of integer data in the format of an integer type is from the high byte to the low byte.

[0083] The transmission order of integer data in the format of a long integer type is from the high byte to the low byte.

[0084] The data format of the unsigned character type is a single byte, representing values between 0 and 255 in single-byte binary. Transmission is carried out in byte order.

[0085] Based on the FSU device provided in the above embodiments, such asFigure 4 As shown, the present application also provides a data transmission method, which includes: S110, the FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board inserted into the expansion slot.

[0086] In a feasible design, the FSU processing unit is implemented by the following method to determine the communication address of the expansion board inserted into the expansion slot: The FSU processing unit determines the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub to which the expansion board is connected; The FSU processing unit determines the identifier of the expansion slot corresponding to the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected according to the identifier of the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected and the first mapping relationship. The first mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub and the identifier of the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship. The second mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the expansion slot and the communication address of the expansion board.

[0087] It should be understood that since the expansion slot without an inserted expansion board is not mapped as a USB device in the FSU processing unit, the FSU processing unit will not access the downstream interface of the USB hub corresponding to this expansion slot.

[0088] In the above embodiment, by establishing two-layer mapping relationships - the first mapping relationship connects the identifier of the downstream interface of the USB hub with the identifier of the expansion slot, and the second mapping relationship further corresponds the identifier of the expansion slot with the communication address of the expansion board, the FSU processing unit can intelligently identify and locate each inserted expansion board, ensuring the accuracy of data transmission.

[0089] S120, the FSU processing unit sends a first command to the expansion board based on the communication address of the expansion board.

[0090] Among them, the first command is used to obtain the type of the expansion board.

[0091] Exemplarily, the first command includes the communication address of the expansion board.

[0092] Exemplarily, the FSU processing unit sends the first command to the expansion board through the general acquisition channel.

[0093] For the protocol used for communication between the FSU processing unit and the expansion board, refer to the description in the foregoing FSU device embodiment, which will not be elaborated here.

[0094] S130, after receiving the first command, the expansion board sends a first response to the FSU processing unit.

[0095] Among them, the first response includes the type information of the expansion board, and further, it may also include its own communication address.

[0096] Exemplarily, the type information is used to indicate that the type of the expansion board is a general serial port expansion board, a general AI expansion board, a general DI expansion board, a general DO expansion board, or a special expansion board.

[0097] Exemplarily, the expansion board determines its own communication address in the following manner: After the expansion board is inserted into the expansion slot, it determines the identifier of the inserted expansion slot through the combination of the states of Q1 general-purpose input / output pin levels; The expansion board determines its own communication address according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship.

[0098] For the specific implementation manners and effects of the above examples, refer to the descriptions in the foregoing FSU device embodiments, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0099] S140, the FSU processing unit determines the type of the expansion board according to the first response.

[0100] S150, the FSU processing unit determines and sends a second command or a third command according to the type of the expansion board.

[0101] Among them, the second command is used to instruct the expansion board to perform data acquisition or output digital quantity control data, and the third command is used to instruct to obtain serial port data.

[0102] Exemplarily, the FSU processing unit is implemented in the following manner to determine and send a second command or a third command according to the type of the expansion board: If the type of the expansion board is a general AI expansion board, a second command is sent to the expansion board through the general acquisition channel, and the second command instructs the expansion board to perform analog quantity input data acquisition; If the type of the expansion board is a general DI expansion board, a second command is sent to the expansion board through the general acquisition channel, and the second command instructs the expansion board to perform digital quantity input data acquisition; If the type of the expansion board is a general DO expansion board, a second command is sent to the expansion board through the general acquisition channel, and the second command instructs the expansion board to output digital quantity control data, and the digital quantity control data is used to control the state of the power environment device connected to the expansion board.

[0103] If the type of the expansion board is a general serial port expansion board, a third command is sent to the expansion board through the serial port channel.

[0104] If the type of the expansion board is a dedicated expansion board, and the second command instructs the expansion board to perform analog input data acquisition, send the second command to the expansion board through the general acquisition channel; if the type of the expansion board is a dedicated expansion board, and the command to be sent is the third command, send the third command to the expansion board through the serial port channel.

[0105] The above embodiments achieve sending different commands according to the types of different expansion boards, so as to accurately control the expansion board to perform corresponding operations.

[0106] S160, after the expansion board receives the second command, perform corresponding operations according to the second command, or after the expansion board receives the third command, forward the third command to the power environment device connected to the expansion board.

[0107] Exemplarily, if the second command instructs the expansion board to perform analog input data acquisition, after the expansion board acquires the AI data of the power environment device, it is transmitted to the FSU processing unit through the general acquisition channel.

[0108] Exemplarily, if the second command instructs the expansion board to perform digital input data acquisition, after the expansion board acquires the DI data of the power environment device, it is transmitted to the FSU processing unit through the general acquisition channel.

[0109] Exemplarily, if the second command instructs the expansion board to perform output digital quantity control data, the expansion board transmits the digital quantity control data to the power environment device.

[0110] Exemplarily, if the expansion board receives the third command, the expansion board forwards the third command to the power environment device, and after obtaining the serial port data transmitted by the power environment device, forwards the serial port data to the FSU processing unit.

[0111] Exemplarily, after the power environment device receives the third command, it sends the corresponding serial port data to the expansion board, and the expansion board forwards the serial port data to the FSU processing unit through the serial port channel.

[0112] In the embodiments of the present application, a dynamically adaptable communication mechanism for expansion boards is established to interact with various types of expansion boards to achieve data collection or control of power environment devices, which is adapted to FSU devices supporting multiple slots and multiple types of boards. Specifically, the FSU processing unit dynamically determines the communication address of the expansion board, obtains its type information through the first command, and then adaptively selects to send the second command or the third command according to the type, realizing the identification and intelligent command distribution of plug-and-play expansion boards. Since this solution can adapt to heterogeneous boards in different expansion slots without manual configuration, it can significantly improve system compatibility. Moreover, the expansion board automatically executes or forwards according to the command type, enhancing the level of operation automation. For the third command indicating to obtain serial port data and the serial port data transmitted by the power environment device, the expansion board can ensure the communication compatibility and real-time performance of industrial devices through data transparent transmission.

[0113] In summary, the solution of the present application realizes high-speed and reliable data transmission and control response in the power environment monitoring scenario.

[0114] For other implementation manners and effects of the above data transmission method, refer to the description in the embodiments of the FSU device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0115] The basic principles of the present application are described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are only examples and not limitations. It cannot be considered that these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are essential for each embodiment of the present application. In addition, the above-disclosed specific details are only for the purposes of illustration and facilitating understanding, rather than limitations. The above details do not limit the present application to necessarily adopt the above specific details to implement.

[0116] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings are shown in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps do not necessarily have to be executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear indication in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages do not necessarily have to be executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. Their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or alternately with at least a part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0117] The block diagrams of the devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems involved in this application are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having", etc. are open-ended terms, meaning "including but not limited to", and can be used interchangeably with each other. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the phrase "and / or" and can be used interchangeably with it, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The phrase "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to" and can be used interchangeably with it.

[0118] It should also be noted that in the devices, equipment, and methods of this application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be regarded as equivalent solutions of this application.

[0119] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these aspects will be very obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0120] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the forms disclosed herein. Although multiple example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. An FSU device supporting multiple slots and multiple types of boards, characterized in that, It includes an FSU processing unit, a universal serial bus hub, and multiple expansion boards: The FSU processing unit is provided with a universal serial bus interface; The upstream interface of the universal serial bus hub is connected to the universal serial bus interface. The number of downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The downstream interfaces of the universal serial bus hub serve as expansion slots to connect different types of expansion boards; The expansion boards are plugged into the expansion slots of the universal serial bus hub. The expansion boards realize the function of transmitting corresponding types of data through a microprocessing control unit. The type of the expansion board is related to its own function. The expansion board is used to determine its own communication address according to the inserted expansion slot. The expansion board performs data transmission with the connected power environment device through an interface matching its own function. After being inserted into the corresponding expansion slot, the expansion board is mapped as a universal serial bus device; The FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of the multiple expansion boards include serial port data transmission, analog input, digital input, digital output, and mixed data transmission. The expansion board of the serial port data transmission type supports the function of transparent transmission of serial port data. The expansion board of the analog input type supports the function of collecting analog input data. The expansion board of the digital input type supports the function of collecting digital input data. The expansion board of the digital output type supports the function of outputting digital control data. The expansion board of the mixed data transmission type supports the function of collecting analog input data and transparent transmission of serial port data; The FSU processing unit and each expansion board establish a virtual general-purpose acquisition channel and M virtual serial port channels in the corresponding expansion slot, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The FSU processing unit is used to realize the function of collecting analog input data, collecting digital input data, or outputting digital control data with each expansion board through the general-purpose acquisition channel. The FSU processing unit is used to realize the function of transparent transmission of serial port data with each expansion board through the serial port channel.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The FSU processing unit is used to send a first command or a second command to the expansion board through the general-purpose acquisition channel. The first command is used to obtain the type of the expansion board, and the second command is used to instruct to perform data acquisition or output digital control data.

4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The expansion board is provided with Q1 first general-purpose input / output pins, where Q1 is determined according to the N. There are multiple resistors on the connector of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub. Each resistor is used to configure the state of the general-purpose input / output pin level of the expansion board. The expansion board is used to determine the identifier of the inserted expansion slot according to the combination of the states of the Q1 general-purpose input / output pin levels.

5. The device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The expansion board is provided with Q2 second general-purpose input / output pins, where Q2 is determined according to the number of types of functions of multiple expansion boards, and the expansion board is used to determine its own type according to the combination of the states of the levels of the Q2 second general-purpose input / output pins.

6. The device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The communication protocol format used by the FSU processing unit to communicate with the expansion board through the general-purpose acquisition channel is the ministry-issued format, and the ministry-issued format includes a first field, a second field, and a third field; The first field is used to describe the communication address of the expansion board; The second field is used to describe the data action type or return information; The third field is used to describe the control data information or response data information.

7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board, including: The FSU processing unit is used to determine the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub to which the expansion board is connected; The FSU processing unit is used to determine the identifier of the expansion slot corresponding to the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected according to the identifier of the downstream interface to which the expansion board is connected and the first mapping relationship, and the first mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub and the identifier of the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit is used to determine the communication address of the expansion board according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship, and the second mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the expansion slot and the communication address of the expansion board; The FSU processing unit is used to perform data transmission with the expansion board according to the type and communication address of the expansion board.

8. A data transmission method, characterized in that, Using the device according to any one of claims 1-3, the method includes: The FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board inserted into the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit sends a first command to the expansion board based on the communication address of the expansion board, and the first command is used to obtain the type of the expansion board; After receiving the first command, the expansion board sends a first response to the FSU processing unit, and the first response includes the type information of the expansion board; The FSU processing unit determines the type of the expansion board according to the first response; The FSU processing unit determines and sends a second command or a third command according to the type of the expansion board, the second command is used to instruct the expansion board to perform data acquisition or output digital quantity control data, and the third command is used to instruct to obtain serial port data; After receiving the second command, the expansion board performs corresponding operations according to the second command, or after receiving the third command, the expansion board forwards the third command to the power environment device connected to the expansion board.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board inserted into the expansion slot, including: The FSU processing unit determines the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub to which the expansion board is connected; The FSU processing unit determines the identifier of the expansion slot corresponding to the downstream interface connected with the expansion board according to the identifier of the downstream interface connected with the expansion board and the first mapping relationship, where the first mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the downstream interface of the universal serial bus hub and the identifier of the expansion slot; The FSU processing unit determines the communication address of the expansion board according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship, where the second mapping relationship is used to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the identifier of the expansion slot and the communication address of the expansion board.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein Comprising: After being inserted into the expansion slot, the expansion board determines the identifier of the inserted expansion slot through the combination of the states of Q1 general-purpose input / output pin levels; The expansion board determines its own communication address according to the identifier of the expansion slot and the second mapping relationship.

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