Ecological restoration system and method for power transmission line project

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration system and method for power transmission line engineering, and the system comprises a data collection module, an extraction module, a first determination module, a second determination module, a judgment module, a coverage module, an adjustment module and a seeding module. According to the invention, through combination of multi-dimensional data acquisition and dynamic adjustment, efficient identification and vegetation recovery of soil defects along the power transmission line project are realized. The system collects multi-dimensional data such as soil humidity, ground images and equipment vibration frequency in real time, provides comprehensive and accurate information for restoration decision making, flexibly adapts according to different construction stages and environmental conditions through dynamic adjustment of a defect area threshold, avoids excessive restoration or omission, remarkably improves the accuracy and efficiency of ecological restoration, and improves the economic benefit. The problem that the restoration effect is unstable due to insufficient ecological restoration accuracy is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular to an ecological restoration system and method for power transmission line projects. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's power grid construction, especially the extension of power transmission and transformation projects to high altitudes, ecologically sensitive areas, and uninhabited areas, the impact of power grid construction on the ecological environment has attracted increasing attention. In recent years, the State Grid Corporation of China has explicitly advocated integrating ecological protection with power grid construction, emphasizing the need to minimize ecological disturbance during construction and actively carry out ecological restoration after construction. However, ecological restoration during power grid construction still faces many challenges. On the one hand, traditional construction methods significantly damage the structure and function of ecosystems, resulting in restored ecosystems often having a monotonous structure and low biodiversity. On the other hand, the application of ecological restoration technologies in ecologically fragile areas still needs to be tailored to local conditions. Vegetation restoration is particularly challenging in areas with poor soils and complex terrain.

[0003] Patent document CN117273366A discloses a method, system, and equipment for post-grid vegetation restoration, including obtaining characteristic data of native vegetation communities in the area before grid construction; the characteristic data includes: unit density, vertical height, and growth rate of each native plant; determining the Euclidean distance between the characteristic data of the native vegetation community and the characteristic data of local native plants; and determining an ecological restoration plan based on the Euclidean distance using an improved weighted k-nearest neighbor classification algorithm; and constructing an ecological restoration plan for the grid construction land by assigning species to the ecological restoration plan for the grid construction land.

[0004] As can be seen, the proposed post-power grid construction vegetation restoration method, system, and equipment have the following problems: While the use of Euclidean distance and an improved weighted k-nearest neighbor algorithm to determine ecological restoration plans for power grid construction sites is scientifically sound, it has technical limitations. Euclidean distance treats feature weights equally and is susceptible to data scale and high dimensionality; the weighted k-nearest neighbor algorithm is computationally complex, sensitive to noise, and dependent on the selected K value. Furthermore, the species composition scheme ignores ecological interactions and system heterogeneity, affecting restoration effectiveness and stability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides an ecological restoration system and method for transmission line projects, which is used to overcome the problem of unstable restoration effects caused by insufficient accuracy of ecological restoration in the prior art by combining multi-dimensional data collection with dynamic adjustment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides, on the one hand, an ecological restoration system for a power transmission line project, comprising:

[0007] A data acquisition module for collecting real-time ground images of each construction area during the construction process, the real-time vibration frequency of equipment, and the real-time soil humidity along the construction route;

[0008] An extraction module, connected to the data acquisition module, for extracting the real-time soil defect area, real-time soil defect location, and real-time terrain height of the real-time ground image;

[0009] A first determination module, connected to the extraction module, for determining a number of first temporary areas according to the real-time soil defect area and a preset defect area threshold;

[0010] A second determination module, respectively connected to the data acquisition module, the extraction module, and the first determination module, for determining a number of second temporary areas according to the soil defect area and real-time vibration frequency of each of the first temporary areas;

[0011] A determination module, respectively connected to the extraction module and the second determination module, for determining a number of vegetation restoration areas according to the real-time soil defect location of each of the second temporary areas;

[0012] A covering module, connected to the determination module, for covering the soil moisture-keeping film on the number of vegetation restoration areas;

[0013] An adjustment module, respectively connected to the data acquisition module and the covering module, for adjusting the preset defect area threshold according to the real-time soil humidity within a preset adjustment duration after covering the soil moisture-keeping film to form an adjusted defect area threshold;

[0014] A seeding module, respectively connected to the covering module and the adjustment module, for seeding according to the real-time terrain height of the vegetation restoration area determined based on the adjusted defect area threshold.

[0015] Further, the first determination module includes:

[0016] A defect area comparison unit for comparing the real-time soil defect area and the preset defect area threshold to form a defect area comparison result;

[0017] A first determination unit, connected to the defect area comparison unit, for determining the construction area as a first temporary area when the defect area comparison result is that the real-time soil defect area is greater than the preset defect area threshold, so as to determine a number of first temporary areas.

[0018] Further, the second determination module includes:

[0019] A defect area fluctuation calculation unit is configured to calculate the standard deviation of all the real-time soil defect areas within a preset determination duration to form a defect area fluctuation value;

[0020] A vibration frequency fluctuation calculation unit is configured to calculate the standard deviation of all the real-time vibration frequencies within the preset determination duration to form a vibration frequency fluctuation value;

[0021] A second determination unit, which is respectively connected to the defect area fluctuation calculation unit and the vibration frequency fluctuation calculation unit, is configured to determine a plurality of the second temporary areas according to the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value.

[0022] Further, the second determination unit includes:

[0023] A defect area curve drawing subunit is configured to draw a change curve of the defect area fluctuation value within the preset determination duration to form a defect area curve;

[0024] A vibration frequency curve drawing subunit is configured to draw a change curve of the vibration frequency fluctuation value within the preset determination duration to form a vibration frequency curve;

[0025] A synchronization degree calculation subunit, which is respectively connected to the defect area curve drawing subunit and the vibration frequency curve drawing subunit, is configured to calculate the cosine similarity of the defect area curve and the vibration frequency curve to form a change synchronization degree;

[0026] A second determination subunit, which is connected to the synchronization degree calculation subunit, is configured to determine that vegetation restoration is required when the change synchronization degree is greater than a preset synchronization degree threshold to determine a plurality of the second temporary areas.

[0027] Further, the determination module includes:

[0028] A distribution density calculation unit is configured to calculate the standard deviation of all the real-time soil defect positions within each of the second temporary areas to form a distribution density;

[0029] A determination unit, which is connected to the distribution density calculation unit, is configured to determine that the second temporary area is the vegetation restoration area when the distribution density is greater than a preset distribution density threshold to form a plurality of vegetation restoration areas.

[0030] Further, the adjustment module includes:

[0031] A humidity fluctuation calculation unit is configured to calculate the standard deviation of the real-time soil humidity to form a humidity fluctuation value;

[0032] An adjustment unit, which is connected to the humidity fluctuation calculation unit, is used to adjust the preset defect area threshold according to the humidity fluctuation value and the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold to form an adjusted defect area threshold.

[0033] Further, the adjustment unit includes:

[0034] A humidity fluctuation comparison subunit, which is used to compare the humidity fluctuation value and the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold to form a humidity comparison result;

[0035] An adjustment subunit, which is connected to the humidity fluctuation comparison subunit, is used to reduce the preset defect area threshold according to the relative deviation that the humidity fluctuation value is greater than the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold and a preset first adjustment coefficient when the humidity comparison result is that the humidity fluctuation value is greater than the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold to form an adjusted defect area threshold.

[0036] Further, the seeding module includes:

[0037] A height difference calculation unit, which is used to calculate the difference in the real-time terrain height of the preset adjacent seeding points in each vegetation restoration area to form a height difference;

[0038] A seeding unit, which is connected to the height difference calculation unit, is used to perform seeding according to the height difference.

[0039] Further, the seeding unit includes:

[0040] A seeding rate calculation subunit, which is used to calculate the seeding rate according to the height difference and a preset height difference range;

[0041] A seeding subunit, which is connected to the seeding rate calculation subunit, is used to perform seeding according to the seeding rate.

[0042] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an ecological restoration method for a transmission line project, including:

[0043] Collecting the real-time ground images, the real-time vibration frequency of the equipment, and the real-time soil humidity of each construction area during the construction process along the construction route;

[0044] Extracting the real-time soil defect area, the real-time soil defect position, and the real-time terrain height of the real-time ground image;

[0045] Determining a number of first temporary areas according to the real-time soil defect area and the preset defect area threshold;

[0046] Determining a number of second temporary areas according to the soil defect area and the real-time vibration frequency of each of the first temporary areas;

[0047] Determine a number of vegetation restoration areas according to the real-time soil defect positions of the second temporary areas;

[0048] Cover the soil moisture-keeping film on the number of vegetation restoration areas;

[0049] Adjust the preset defect area threshold according to the real-time soil moisture within a preset adjustment duration after covering the soil moisture-keeping film to form an adjusted defect area threshold;

[0050] Sow seeds according to the real-time terrain height of the vegetation restoration areas determined based on the adjusted defect area threshold.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. By combining dynamic monitoring and precise restoration, the efficient identification and vegetation restoration of soil defects along the transmission line project are realized. First, the system can collect multi-dimensional data such as soil moisture, ground images, and equipment vibration frequencies in real time to ensure that the restoration decision is based on comprehensive and accurate information. Second, by dynamically adjusting the defect area threshold, the system can flexibly adapt to different construction stages and environmental conditions, avoiding over-restoration or omission, and significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of ecological restoration. In addition, the precise sowing method combined with the terrain height further improves the success rate of vegetation restoration, providing a strong guarantee for the ecological restoration of the construction area. Overall, the system not only effectively reduces the impact of construction on the ecological environment but also promotes the restoration of biodiversity, solving the problem of unstable restoration effects due to insufficient precision of ecological restoration.

[0052] Furthermore, by comparing the real-time soil defect area with the preset defect area threshold and determining the first temporary area accordingly, the system can efficiently screen out the soil defect areas that need to be repaired preferentially. This threshold-based screening mechanism not only improves the pertinence of ecological restoration, avoids waste of resources, but also ensures the efficiency and precision of the restoration work. In addition, this method can quickly respond to soil defect problems occurring during the construction process, providing timely positioning and guidance for subsequent ecological restoration measures, thereby effectively improving the overall effect and efficiency of ecological restoration.

[0053] Furthermore, by calculating the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value within a preset duration, the system can dynamically monitor the change of soil defects and the interference degree of construction equipment, and accurately screen out the areas that are greatly affected by construction and need to be repaired preferentially. This dynamic monitoring method not only improves the pertinence and efficiency of ecological restoration but also reduces misjudgment caused by data noise or short-term fluctuations, ensuring that the restoration resources can be accurately invested and optimizing the overall effect of ecological restoration.

[0054] Furthermore, by plotting the defect area curve and the vibration frequency curve and calculating their change synchronization degree, the system can accurately identify the areas where the soil defects and the change trend of vibration frequency are highly consistent during the construction process. This determination method based on synchronization degree not only improves the accuracy of ecological restoration, avoids the waste of restoration resources caused by misjudgment of a single index, but also can dynamically adapt to the environmental changes in different construction stages, ensuring that the restoration measures are more scientific and targeted.

[0055] Furthermore, by calculating the distribution density and making a determination in combination with a preset distribution density threshold, the system can accurately identify the areas where the soil defects are densely distributed, thereby determining the specific scope that needs vegetation restoration. This determination method based on distribution density not only improves the accuracy of ecological restoration, avoids the ineffective restoration of areas with scattered defects, but also optimizes the resource allocation and reduces the restoration cost. At the same time, this method can dynamically adapt to the soil defect distribution characteristics in different construction areas, enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of the system, and providing a scientific, efficient and economical solution for the ecological restoration of transmission line projects.

[0056] Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting the defect area threshold according to the humidity fluctuation value, the system can more accurately respond to the soil humidity changes under different environmental conditions. For example, in areas with large humidity fluctuations, appropriately adjusting the defect area threshold can avoid misjudgment caused by unstable humidity, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of ecological restoration. In addition, this method can also optimize the resource allocation, reduce unnecessary restoration work, and at the same time enhance the system's adaptability to complex environments.

[0057] Furthermore, through humidity fluctuation comparison and dynamic adjustment of the defect area threshold, the system can flexibly adjust the restoration standard according to the actual change of soil humidity. When the humidity fluctuation is large, appropriately reducing the defect area threshold can avoid misjudgment caused by unstable humidity, ensuring that the ecological restoration measures are more accurate and scientific. This method not only improves the adaptability and stability of the system, but also optimizes the resource allocation, reduces unnecessary restoration work, and enhances the overall effect of ecological restoration.

[0058] Furthermore, by calculating the real-time terrain height difference between preset adjacent sowing points in the vegetation restoration area and sowing accordingly, this method can effectively improve the uniformity and accuracy of sowing, ensure that the seeds are evenly distributed under different terrain conditions, thereby enhancing the effect of vegetation restoration. At the same time, this method can adapt to complex terrains, reduce seed waste, optimize resource utilization, and promote the restoration and stability of the ecosystem by quickly establishing a stable vegetation community.

[0059] Furthermore, by dynamically adjusting the seeding rate based on the height difference and the preset height difference range and precisely sowing seeds, it is possible to ensure the uniform distribution of seeds in complex terrains, avoid resource waste, quickly establish stable vegetation coverage, reduce soil erosion, significantly improve the efficiency and quality of ecological restoration, and provide strong support for the restoration of the ecosystem.

[0060] Furthermore, by accurately positioning the restoration area, dynamically adjusting the restoration strategy, and optimizing the vegetation restoration effect, the efficiency and quality of the ecological restoration of transmission line projects have been effectively improved, resource waste and construction interference have been reduced, and the stability and restoration ability of the ecosystem have been enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the ecological restoration system for transmission line projects in this embodiment;

[0062] Figure 2 It is a determination logic diagram for the first determination unit in this embodiment to determine the first temporary area;

[0063] Figure 3 It is a determination logic diagram for the second determination unit in this embodiment to determine the second temporary area;

[0064] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the ecological restoration method for transmission line projects in this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0065] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] On the one hand, please refer to Figure 1 as shown, which is a schematic diagram of the ecological restoration system for transmission line projects in this embodiment;

[0068] This embodiment provides an ecological restoration system for transmission line projects, including:

[0069] A data acquisition module for collecting real-time ground images, real-time vibration frequencies of equipment, and real-time soil humidity of each construction area during the construction process along the construction route;

[0070] An extraction module, connected to the data acquisition module, for extracting the real-time soil defect area, real-time soil defect location, and real-time terrain height of the real-time ground image;

[0071] A first determination module, which is connected to the extraction module and is used to determine a number of first temporary areas according to the real-time soil defect area and a preset defect area threshold;

[0072] A second determination module, which is respectively connected to the data acquisition module, the extraction module and the first determination module, and is used to determine a number of second temporary areas according to the soil defect areas and real-time vibration frequencies of the first temporary areas;

[0073] A determination module, which is respectively connected to the extraction module and the second determination module, and is used to determine a number of vegetation restoration areas according to the real-time soil defect positions of the second temporary areas;

[0074] A covering module, which is connected to the determination module and is used to cover the soil moisture-keeping film on the number of vegetation restoration areas;

[0075] An adjustment module, which is respectively connected to the data acquisition module and the covering module, and is used to adjust the preset defect area threshold according to the real-time soil humidity within a preset adjustment duration after covering the soil moisture-keeping film to form an adjusted defect area threshold;

[0076] A seeding module, which is respectively connected to the covering module and the adjustment module, and is used to sow seeds according to the real-time terrain height of the vegetation restoration areas determined based on the adjusted defect area threshold.

[0077] For ground image acquisition in the data acquisition module, a high-resolution camera can be used, combined with an unmanned aerial vehicle or a vehicle-mounted device for dynamic shooting to obtain a high-precision image of the construction area; the acquisition of the equipment vibration frequency is realized through high-precision vibration sensors, which can monitor the vibration conditions of the construction equipment in real time and transmit the data to the acquisition module; the acquisition of the soil humidity uses soil humidity sensors to measure the soil water content through principles such as reflected signals or conductivity, and some studies also combine GNSS-R technology to achieve high-precision soil humidity monitoring through an inversion model; the acquired data is processed by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit of the data acquisition module and stored in the buffer memory, and then can be transmitted to the monitoring center through wireless or wired communication methods.

[0078] The extraction module first preprocesses the ground images, including denoising, calibration, and image registration. Subsequently, it uses image recognition technology to extract the texture features of soil defects, analyze the stability and porosity of the soil structure, calculate the vegetation index by combining multi-spectral images to evaluate the vegetation coverage and health status, and infer the soil organic matter content. In addition, it analyzes the temperature distribution through thermal imaging images to infer the soil moisture and identify drought and well-watered areas. The terrain height is obtained by generating a digital elevation model (DEM) or using technologies such as Cesium to obtain the precise height of specified points.

[0079] The preset defect area threshold is a parameter used to determine whether the soil defect area needs ecological restoration, depending on the soil type in the construction area, the vegetation restoration requirements, and the ecological restoration goals. It is usually set between 10 square meters and 100 square meters. In this embodiment, it is set to 50 square meters, which can effectively identify large-area soil defect areas, ensure the pertinence and efficiency of ecological restoration, and avoid excessive intervention in small-area natural disturbance areas, thus achieving a balance between ecological restoration and construction efficiency.

[0080] The preset adjustment duration is a time parameter used to dynamically adjust the defect area threshold, depending on the soil moisture change rate, the vegetation restoration cycle, and the ecological restoration requirements. It is usually set between 1 day and 7 days. In this embodiment, it is set to 3 days, which can, while ensuring the efficiency of ecological restoration, timely adjust the threshold to adapt to the change of soil moisture, thus better achieving the ecological restoration goal.

[0081] First, real-time ground images, equipment vibration frequencies, and soil moisture data are collected along the construction route, and then the area, location, and terrain height information of soil defects are extracted from the images. Next, by comparing the real-time soil defect area with the preset threshold, the areas that need attention are initially determined; then, combined with the equipment vibration frequency, more precise areas are further screened out. After that, based on the defect location and terrain height, the specific areas that need vegetation restoration are comprehensively judged, and moisture-retaining films are covered in these areas to improve the soil environment. Subsequently, the threshold of the defect area is dynamically adjusted according to the change of soil moisture after the moisture-retaining film is covered to optimize the accuracy of subsequent restoration work. Finally, precise seeding is carried out based on the adjusted threshold and terrain height information, thus achieving efficient identification and repair of soil defects, promoting vegetation restoration, and achieving the goal of ecological restoration.

[0082] Through a combination of dynamic monitoring and precise restoration, the efficient identification of soil defects and vegetation restoration along the transmission line project have been achieved. First, the system can collect multi-dimensional data such as soil moisture, ground images, and equipment vibration frequencies in real time to ensure that repair decisions are based on comprehensive and accurate information. Second, by dynamically adjusting the defect area threshold, the system can flexibly adapt to different construction stages and environmental conditions, avoiding over-restoration or omission, and significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of ecological restoration. In addition, the precise seeding method combined with terrain height further enhances the success rate of vegetation restoration, providing strong guarantee for the ecological restoration of the construction area. Overall, this system not only effectively reduces the impact of construction on the ecological environment, but also promotes the restoration of biodiversity, solving the problem of unstable restoration effect due to insufficient accuracy of ecological restoration.

[0083] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 as shown, which is the determination logic diagram of the first temporary area determined by the first determination unit of this embodiment;

[0084] The first determination module includes:

[0085] A defect area comparison unit for comparing the real-time soil defect area with the preset defect area threshold to form a defect area comparison result;

[0086] A first determination unit, which is connected to the defect area comparison unit, for determining that the construction area is a first temporary area when the defect area comparison result is that the real-time soil defect area is greater than the preset defect area threshold, so as to determine a number of first temporary areas.

[0087] By comparing the real-time collected soil defect area with the preset defect area threshold, a comparison result is generated. When the comparison result shows that the real-time soil defect area is greater than the preset threshold, the system determines that the construction area is a first temporary area that needs to be focused on, thus determining a number of such areas.

[0088] By comparing the real-time soil defect area with the preset defect area threshold and determining the first temporary area accordingly, the system can efficiently screen out the soil defect areas that need to be repaired first. This threshold-based screening mechanism not only improves the pertinence of ecological restoration, avoids waste of resources, but also ensures the efficiency and accuracy of the restoration work. In addition, this method can quickly respond to soil defect problems during construction, providing timely positioning and guidance for subsequent ecological restoration measures, thus effectively improving the overall effect and efficiency of ecological restoration.

[0089] Specifically, the second determination module includes:

[0090] A defect area fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all the real-time soil defect areas within a preset determination duration, and form a defect area fluctuation value;

[0091] A vibration frequency fluctuation calculation unit is used to calculate the standard deviation of all the real-time vibration frequencies within the preset determination duration, and form a vibration frequency fluctuation value;

[0092] A second determination unit, which is respectively connected to the defect area fluctuation calculation unit and the vibration frequency fluctuation calculation unit, is used to determine a number of the second temporary areas according to the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value.

[0093] The preset determination duration is a time interval for calculating and evaluating the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value. Its setting needs to comprehensively consider the change rate of soil defects, the vibration frequency of construction equipment, and the real-time requirements of the system. It is usually set between 10 minutes and 1 hour. In this embodiment, it is set to 30 minutes, which can not only ensure the real-time monitoring of soil defects and vibration frequency changes by the system, but also effectively filter data noise and improve the accuracy and stability of the system.

[0094] By calculating the standard deviation of the real-time soil defect area within the preset determination duration, the defect area fluctuation value is obtained to reflect the change degree of the soil defect area. At the same time, the standard deviation of the real-time vibration frequency within the same duration is calculated to obtain the vibration frequency fluctuation value, which is used to evaluate the dynamic impact of the construction equipment on the soil. Subsequently, combining the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value, the soil stability of the construction area is comprehensively judged. When the fluctuation value exceeds the set standard, the system determines this area as the second temporary area, thereby determining a number of areas that need further attention.

[0095] By calculating the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value within the preset duration, the system can dynamically monitor the change of soil defects and the interference degree of construction equipment, and accurately screen out the areas that are greatly affected by construction and need to be repaired first. This dynamic monitoring method not only improves the pertinence and efficiency of ecological restoration, but also reduces misjudgment caused by data noise or short-term fluctuations, ensures that the restoration resources can be accurately invested, and optimizes the overall effect of ecological restoration.

[0096] Please continue to refer to Figure 3 as shown, which is the determination logic diagram of the second temporary area determined by the second determination unit in this embodiment;

[0097] The second determination unit includes:

[0098] A defect area curve drawing sub-unit is used to draw the change curve of the defect area fluctuation value within the preset determination duration, and form a defect area curve;

[0099] A vibration frequency curve plotting subunit for plotting a change curve of the vibration frequency fluctuation value within the preset determination duration to form a vibration frequency curve;

[0100] A synchronization degree calculation subunit, which is respectively connected to the defect area curve plotting subunit and the vibration frequency curve plotting subunit, for calculating the cosine similarity between the defect area curve and the vibration frequency curve to form a change synchronization degree;

[0101] A second determination subunit, which is connected to the synchronization degree calculation subunit, for determining that vegetation restoration is required when the change synchronization degree is greater than a preset synchronization degree threshold to determine a number of the second temporary areas.

[0102] The preset synchronization degree threshold is an important parameter for evaluating the synchronization of the change trends of the defect area curve and the vibration frequency curve. It needs to comprehensively consider the complexity of the construction environment, the target accuracy of ecological restoration, and the correlation between their changes. It depends on the strictness of the synchronization requirement and is usually set between 0.8 and 0.95. In this embodiment, it is set to 0.9. This relatively high threshold can ensure that only when the changes of the two are highly consistent is it determined as an area that needs to be restored, thereby improving the accuracy of ecological restoration, reducing misjudgment and resource waste, and at the same time enhancing the system's adaptability to complex construction environments.

[0103] By calculating the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value within the preset determination duration, the defect area curve and the vibration frequency curve are respectively plotted. Subsequently, the cosine similarity of these two curves is calculated to obtain the change synchronization degree. When the change synchronization degree is greater than the preset synchronization degree threshold, it is determined that vegetation restoration is required for this area and it is determined as the second temporary area.

[0104] By plotting the defect area curve and the vibration frequency curve and calculating their change synchronization degree, the system can accurately identify the areas where the soil defects and the change trend of the vibration frequency are highly consistent during the construction process. This determination method based on the synchronization degree not only improves the accuracy of ecological restoration, avoids the waste of restoration resources caused by misjudgment of a single index, but also can dynamically adapt to the environmental changes in different construction stages, ensuring that the restoration measures are more scientific and targeted.

[0105] Specifically, the determination module includes:

[0106] A distribution density calculation unit for calculating the standard deviation of all the real-time soil defect positions within each of the second temporary areas to form a distribution density;

[0107] A determination unit, which is connected to the distribution density calculation unit, for determining the second temporary area as the vegetation restoration area when the distribution density is greater than a preset distribution density threshold to form a number of vegetation restoration areas.

[0108] The preset distribution density threshold is an important parameter for evaluating whether the distribution density of soil defects reaches the vegetation restoration standard. It needs to comprehensively consider the spatial distribution characteristics of soil defects, the ecological restoration goals, and the complexity of the construction environment, and is usually set between 0.5 and 1.5. In this embodiment, the threshold is set to 1.0, and vegetation restoration is only carried out in areas where the defect distribution is relatively dense, so as to improve the accuracy of ecological restoration, reduce resource waste, and enhance the system's adaptability to complex construction environments.

[0109] By calculating the standard deviation of all real-time soil defect positions within each second temporary area, the distribution density of this area is obtained. Subsequently, the calculated distribution density is compared with the preset distribution density threshold. When the distribution density is greater than the preset threshold, it is determined that this second temporary area is an area that needs to be subjected to vegetation restoration, thereby finally determining several vegetation restoration areas.

[0110] By calculating the distribution density and making a determination in combination with the preset distribution density threshold, the system can accurately identify the areas where the soil defects are densely distributed, thereby determining the specific scope that needs to be subjected to vegetation restoration. This determination method based on the distribution density not only improves the accuracy of ecological restoration, avoids ineffective restoration of areas with scattered defects, but also optimizes resource allocation and reduces restoration costs. At the same time, this method can dynamically adapt to the soil defect distribution characteristics of different construction areas, enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of the system, and providing a scientific, efficient, and economical solution for the ecological restoration of transmission line projects.

[0111] Specifically, the adjustment module includes:

[0112] A humidity fluctuation calculation unit for calculating the standard deviation of the real-time soil humidity to form a humidity fluctuation value;

[0113] An adjustment unit, which is connected to the humidity fluctuation calculation unit, for adjusting the preset defect area threshold according to the humidity fluctuation value and the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold to form an adjusted defect area threshold.

[0114] The preset humidity fluctuation value threshold is an important parameter in the ecological restoration system for monitoring and adjusting soil humidity changes. It depends on the characteristics of soil humidity changes, the ecological restoration goals, and the construction environment conditions, and is usually set between 2% and 5%RH. In this embodiment, it is set to 3%RH, which can reduce misjudgment and system false triggering while dynamically monitoring soil humidity changes, ensuring the stability and effectiveness of ecological restoration measures.

[0115] By calculating the standard deviation of the real-time soil humidity to form a humidity fluctuation value, and dynamically adjusting the preset defect area threshold according to the relationship between this fluctuation value and the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold, an adjusted defect area threshold is obtained.

[0116] By dynamically adjusting the defect area threshold based on the humidity fluctuation value, the system can more accurately respond to soil humidity changes under different environmental conditions. For example, in areas with large humidity fluctuations, appropriately adjusting the defect area threshold can avoid misjudgments caused by unstable humidity, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of ecological restoration. In addition, this method can also optimize resource allocation, reduce unnecessary restoration work, and enhance the system's adaptability to complex environments.

[0117] Specifically, the adjustment unit includes:

[0118] A humidity fluctuation comparison subunit for comparing the humidity fluctuation value and the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold to form a humidity comparison result;

[0119] An adjustment subunit connected to the humidity fluctuation comparison subunit for reducing the preset defect area threshold according to the relative deviation of the humidity fluctuation value greater than the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold and a preset first adjustment coefficient when the humidity comparison result is that the humidity fluctuation value is greater than the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold, thereby forming an adjusted defect area threshold.

[0120] The preset first adjustment coefficient is a key parameter for dynamically adjusting the defect area threshold, which depends on the characteristics of soil humidity changes, ecological restoration goals, and construction environmental conditions, and is usually set between 0.5 and 1.5. In this embodiment, setting this coefficient to 0.8 can more flexibly adjust the threshold when the humidity fluctuates greatly, avoid misjudgments caused by humidity changes, thereby improving the adaptability of the system and the accuracy of restoration measures.

[0121] By comparing the humidity fluctuation value obtained by real-time calculation with the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold, a humidity comparison result is obtained. If the humidity fluctuation value exceeds the preset threshold, the system will dynamically reduce the preset defect area threshold according to the relative deviation of the humidity fluctuation value exceeding the threshold and the preset first adjustment coefficient, thereby obtaining an adjusted defect area threshold.

[0122] By means of humidity fluctuation comparison and dynamic adjustment of the defect area threshold, the system can flexibly adjust the restoration standard according to the actual changes in soil humidity. When the humidity fluctuates greatly, appropriately reducing the defect area threshold can avoid misjudgments caused by unstable humidity, ensuring that ecological restoration measures are more accurate and scientific. This method not only improves the adaptability and stability of the system, but also optimizes resource allocation, reduces unnecessary restoration work, and enhances the overall effect of ecological restoration.

[0123] Specifically, the sowing module includes:

[0124] An altitude difference calculation unit for calculating the difference in the real-time terrain altitude between preset adjacent sowing points in each vegetation restoration area to form an altitude difference;

[0125] A seeding unit, which is connected to the height difference calculation unit and is used to perform seeding according to the height difference.

[0126] The preset distance between adjacent seeding points is a key parameter for guiding the seeding operation of vegetation restoration. It depends on plant growth characteristics, soil conditions, and restoration goals, and is usually set between 10 cm and 50 cm. In this embodiment, it is set to 20 cm, which can not only ensure the vegetation coverage effect but also avoid excessive competition between seeds, improve the seed survival rate and growth quality, and has good versatility and adaptability.

[0127] By calculating the real-time terrain height difference between preset adjacent seeding points in the vegetation restoration area, height difference data is obtained. Subsequently, seeding operations are carried out according to these height difference data.

[0128] By calculating the real-time terrain height difference between preset adjacent seeding points in the vegetation restoration area and performing seeding accordingly, this method can effectively improve the uniformity and accuracy of seeding, ensure the uniform distribution of seeds under different terrain conditions, and thus enhance the effect of vegetation restoration. At the same time, this method can adapt to complex terrains, reduce seed waste, optimize resource utilization, and promote the restoration and stability of the ecosystem by quickly establishing a stable vegetation community.

[0129] Specifically, the seeding unit includes:

[0130] A seeding rate calculation sub-unit, which is used to calculate the seeding rate according to the height difference and the preset height difference range;

[0131] A seed sowing sub-unit, which is connected to the seeding rate calculation sub-unit and is used to perform seeding according to the seeding rate.

[0132] The preset height difference range is an important parameter for guiding the calculation of seeding rate during the vegetation restoration process. It depends on terrain features, plant species, and soil conditions, and is usually set between 0 and 20 cm. In this embodiment, it is set to 0 to 15 cm, and this range can effectively adapt to terrain changes, ensure the accurate calculation of seeding rate, and thus improve the effect and efficiency of vegetation restoration.

[0133] The seeding rate is calculated according to the height difference between each preset adjacent seeding point in the vegetation restoration area and the preset height difference range. Specifically, this unit adjusts the seeding rate according to the magnitude of the height difference. For example, in areas with large terrain undulations (height difference close to the upper limit of the preset height difference range), the seeding rate is appropriately increased to ensure the uniformity of vegetation coverage; while in areas with relatively flat terrain (small height difference), the seeding rate is reduced to avoid resource waste. Subsequently, precise seeding is carried out according to the calculated seeding rate to ensure that the seeds can be evenly distributed and adapt to different terrain conditions, thereby improving the effect and efficiency of vegetation restoration.

[0134] The calculation method of seeding rate is to determine the final seeding rate according to the height difference between adjacent seeding points and in combination with the preset seeding rate adjustment rules. The specific steps are as follows:

[0135] 1. Obtain the height difference between adjacent seeding points:

[0136] By measuring the terrain heights of adjacent seeding points, calculate the height difference between them. For example, if the terrain height of a certain point is 120 cm and the height of the adjacent point is 130 cm, then the height difference is 10 cm.

[0137] 2. Determine whether the height difference exceeds the preset height difference range:

[0138] If the calculated height difference is greater than 15 cm, then calculate the seeding rate adjustment range according to 15 cm to avoid excessive increase in seeding rate. For example, if the height difference between two seeding points is 18 cm, then calculate according to the upper limit of ۱۵ cm.

[0139] 3. Calculate the seeding rate

[0140] Set a standard seeding rate, that is, in the case of relatively flat terrain, 50 grams of seeds are sown per square meter.

[0141] When the height difference is small, the adjustment range of the seeding rate is small. For example, if the height difference is 5 cm, the seeding rate can be increased by about 7%, that is, about 53.5 grams of seeds are sown per square meter.

[0142] When the height difference is large but still within 15 cm, the increase range of the seeding rate is larger. For example, if the height difference is 12 cm, the seeding rate can be increased by 16%, that is, about 58 grams of seeds are sown per square meter.

[0143] When the height difference reaches 15 cm, the seeding rate is increased by at most 20%, that is, 60 grams of seeds are sown per square meter.

[0144] 4. Seeding execution:

[0145] The calculated seeding rate is transmitted to the seeding equipment, and the seeding equipment adjusts the seed delivery amount according to different terrain areas to ensure the uniform distribution of plant seeds and improve the effect of vegetation restoration.

[0146] Illustrate with examples:

[0147] Case 1: Flat terrain (height difference 3 cm)

[0148] In this case, the height difference is small, and the seeding rate remains basically unchanged or increases slightly, such as increasing by 4%, that is, 52 grams of seeds are sown per square meter.

[0149] Case 2: Slightly undulating terrain (height difference 8 cm)

[0150] The height difference here is relatively obvious, and the seeding rate needs to be appropriately increased. For example, increase it by 11%, that is, sow 55.5 grams of seeds per square meter to ensure that the seeds can cover the uneven areas.

[0151] Case 3: The terrain has large undulations (height difference of 15 cm)

[0152] Due to the steep terrain, seed loss or uneven coverage is likely to occur. Therefore, the seeding rate is increased by 20%, that is, sow 60 grams of seeds per square meter to ensure uniform vegetation coverage.

[0153] When the height difference is small, the seeding rate remains basically unchanged with only minor adjustments to prevent seed waste; when the height difference is medium, the seeding rate is appropriately increased to ensure that the seeds can effectively cover the ground; when the height difference is large, the seeding rate is significantly increased to avoid insufficient vegetation coverage caused by terrain undulations. This can ensure the vegetation restoration effect under different terrain conditions, improve the survival rate and coverage rate of plants.

[0154] By dynamically adjusting the seeding rate based on the height difference and the preset height difference range and precisely sowing, it can ensure the uniform distribution of seeds in complex terrains, avoid resource waste, and at the same time quickly establish stable vegetation coverage, reduce soil erosion, significantly improve the efficiency and quality of ecological restoration, and provide strong support for the restoration of the ecosystem.

[0155] On the other hand, please continue to refer to Figure 4 as shown, which is a flowchart of the ecological restoration method for transmission line projects in this embodiment;

[0156] This embodiment also provides an ecological restoration method for transmission line projects, including:

[0157] Collect real-time ground images, real-time vibration frequencies of equipment, and real-time soil moisture of each construction area during the construction process along the construction route;

[0158] Extract the real-time soil defect area, real-time soil defect location, and real-time terrain height of the real-time ground images;

[0159] Determine a number of first temporary areas according to the real-time soil defect area and the preset defect area threshold;

[0160] Determine a number of second temporary areas according to the soil defect area and real-time vibration frequency of each of the first temporary areas;

[0161] Determine a number of vegetation restoration areas according to the real-time soil defect locations of each of the second temporary areas;

[0162] Cover the soil moisture-keeping film on the number of vegetation restoration areas;

[0163] Adjust the preset defect area threshold according to the real-time soil humidity within the preset adjustment duration after covering the soil with the moisture-keeping film to form an adjusted defect area threshold;

[0164] Sow seeds according to the real-time terrain height of the vegetation restoration area determined based on the adjusted defect area threshold.

[0165] By collecting data such as real-time ground images, vibration frequencies, and soil humidity along the construction route, extracting soil defect area, location, and terrain height information, determining the first temporary area and the second temporary area in sequence, and determining the vegetation restoration area according to the defect location. Subsequently, cover the restoration area with a moisture-keeping film to improve the soil conditions, dynamically adjust the defect area threshold according to the soil humidity after the moisture-keeping film is covered, and finally perform precise sowing in combination with the terrain height. This method realizes the full-process optimization from data collection to precise restoration, effectively improves the efficiency and quality of ecological restoration, reduces the impact of construction on the ecological environment, and provides scientific and efficient technical support for the ecological restoration after power grid construction.

[0166] By accurately positioning the restoration area, dynamically adjusting the restoration strategy, and optimizing the vegetation restoration effect, the efficiency and quality of ecological restoration of transmission line projects are effectively improved, resource waste and construction interference are reduced, and the stability and restoration ability of the ecosystem are enhanced.

[0167] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological restoration system for transmission line projects, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module for collecting real-time ground images of each construction area, real-time vibration frequencies of equipment, and real-time soil humidity during the construction process along the construction route; An extraction module connected to the data acquisition module for extracting the real-time soil defect area, real-time soil defect location, and real-time terrain height of the real-time ground image; A first determination module connected to the extraction module for determining a number of first temporary areas according to the real-time soil defect area and a preset defect area threshold; A second determination module connected to the data acquisition module, the extraction module, and the first determination module respectively for determining a number of second temporary areas according to the soil defect area and real-time vibration frequency of each of the first temporary areas; A determination module connected to the extraction module and the second determination module respectively for determining a number of vegetation restoration areas according to the real-time soil defect location of each of the second temporary areas; A covering module connected to the determination module for covering the soil moisture preservation film on the number of vegetation restoration areas; An adjustment module connected to the data acquisition module and the covering module respectively for adjusting the preset defect area threshold according to the real-time soil humidity within a preset adjustment duration after covering the soil moisture preservation film to form an adjusted defect area threshold; A seeding module connected to the covering module and the adjustment module respectively for seeding according to the real-time terrain height of the vegetation restoration area determined based on the adjusted defect area threshold.

2. The ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to claim 1, wherein The first determination module includes: A defect area comparison unit for comparing the real-time soil defect area and the preset defect area threshold to form a defect area comparison result; A first determination unit connected to the defect area comparison unit for determining the construction area as a first temporary area when the defect area comparison result is that the real-time soil defect area is greater than the preset defect area threshold to determine a number of first temporary areas.

3. The ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second determination module includes: A defect area fluctuation calculation unit for calculating the standard deviation of all the real-time soil defect areas within a preset determination duration to form a defect area fluctuation value; A vibration frequency fluctuation calculation unit for calculating the standard deviation of all the real-time vibration frequencies within the preset determination duration to form a vibration frequency fluctuation value; A second determination unit connected to the defect area fluctuation calculation unit and the vibration frequency fluctuation calculation unit respectively for determining a number of the second temporary areas according to the defect area fluctuation value and the vibration frequency fluctuation value.

4. The ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second determination unit includes: A defect area curve drawing sub-unit for drawing a change curve of the defect area fluctuation value within the preset determination duration to form a defect area curve; A vibration frequency curve drawing sub-unit for drawing a change curve of the vibration frequency fluctuation value within the preset determination duration to form a vibration frequency curve; A synchronization degree calculation sub-unit connected to the defect area curve drawing sub-unit and the vibration frequency curve drawing sub-unit respectively for calculating the cosine similarity of the defect area curve and the vibration frequency curve to form a change synchronization degree. A second determination subunit, which is connected to the synchronization degree calculation subunit, is used to determine that vegetation restoration is required when the change synchronization degree is greater than a preset synchronization degree threshold, so as to determine a plurality of the second temporary areas.

5. The ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to claim 4, wherein The determination module includes: A distribution density calculation unit, which is used to calculate the standard deviation of all the real-time soil defect positions in each of the second temporary areas to form a distribution density; A determination unit, which is connected to the distribution density calculation unit, is used to determine that the second temporary area is the vegetation restoration area when the distribution density is greater than a preset distribution density threshold, so as to form a plurality of vegetation restoration areas.

6. The ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjustment module includes: A humidity fluctuation calculation unit, which is used to calculate the standard deviation of the real-time soil humidity to form a humidity fluctuation value; An adjustment unit, which is connected to the humidity fluctuation calculation unit, is used to adjust the preset defect area threshold according to the humidity fluctuation value and a preset humidity fluctuation value threshold to form an adjusted defect area threshold.

7. The ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjustment unit includes: A humidity fluctuation comparison subunit, which is used to compare the humidity fluctuation value with the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold to form a humidity comparison result; An adjustment subunit, which is connected to the humidity fluctuation comparison subunit, is used to reduce the preset defect area threshold according to the relative deviation that the humidity fluctuation value is greater than the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold and a preset first adjustment coefficient when the humidity comparison result is that the humidity fluctuation value is greater than the preset humidity fluctuation value threshold, so as to form an adjusted defect area threshold.

8. The ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to claim 7, characterized in that, The seeding module includes: A height difference calculation unit, which is used to calculate the difference in the real-time terrain height of preset adjacent seeding points in each of the vegetation restoration areas to form a height difference; A seeding unit, which is connected to the height difference calculation unit, is used to perform seeding according to the height difference.

9. The ecological restoration system and method for transmission line projects according to claim 8, characterized in that, The seeding unit includes: A seeding amount calculation subunit, which is used to calculate the seeding amount according to the height difference and a preset height difference range; A seed sowing subunit, which is connected to the seeding amount calculation subunit, is used to perform seeding according to the seeding amount.

10. An ecological restoration method for transmission line projects, based on the ecological restoration system for transmission line projects according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes: Collecting real-time ground images of each construction area during the construction process, the real-time vibration frequency of the equipment, and the real-time soil humidity along the construction route; Extracting the real-time soil defect area, real-time soil defect position, and real-time terrain height of the real-time ground image; Determining a plurality of first temporary areas according to the real-time soil defect area and a preset defect area threshold; Determining a plurality of second temporary areas according to the soil defect area and the real-time vibration frequency of each of the first temporary areas; Determining a plurality of vegetation restoration areas according to the real-time soil defect positions of each of the second temporary areas; Covering the plurality of vegetation restoration areas with a soil moisture-keeping film; Adjusting the preset defect area threshold according to the real-time soil humidity within a preset adjustment time period after covering the soil moisture-keeping film to form an adjusted defect area threshold; Performing seeding according to the real-time terrain height of the vegetation restoration area determined based on the adjusted defect area threshold.

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