Method and system for verifying reliability of thermal management assembly of water-cooled power battery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water-cooling power battery tests, and particularly relates to a reliability verification method and system for a heat management assembly of a water-cooling power battery, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out a cold plate flow resistance characteristic test on the power battery, so as to evaluate whether the initial performance of the heat management assembly of the power battery meets the design requirements or not; carrying out a fast charging test on the power battery, and recording the liquid level of cooling liquid of the water cooling machine in the charging process; carrying out an aging test on the power battery, equivalently simulating the aging of the whole vehicle in a preset mileage, and enabling the battery cell to bulge after the accelerated aging test; the power battery is subjected to a fast charging test, the liquid level of cooling liquid of the water cooling machine in the charging process is recorded, and acoustic sensors are arranged around the power battery so as to monitor the abnormal sound condition of the heat management assembly after stress deformation; and performing a cooling liquid leakage test on the power battery to verify the safety of the power battery after the cooling liquid leaks into the battery box body. According to the invention, the reliability of the water-cooled power battery thermal management assembly in the whole life cycle can be verified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water-cooled power battery testing, and particularly relates to a method and system for verifying the reliability of a water-cooled power battery thermal management component. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of the new energy vehicle industry, as the core component, the performance and safety of power batteries have attracted increasing attention. The performance of power batteries is closely related to temperature conditions. High temperatures can accelerate battery aging, reduce capacity, and even cause safety problems; low temperatures will significantly reduce the charge and discharge efficiency and affect the vehicle's endurance. Therefore, the power battery thermal management component has become a key technology to ensure the stable operation of the battery system, and its functions of precise temperature control, uniform temperature optimization, and active safety protection are crucial for improving battery performance and safety.

[0003] As an innovative solution, large-area water-cooled power batteries effectively improve the cooling efficiency under high-rate charge and discharge conditions by embedding water-cooled plates between battery cells, and significantly improve the thermal performance of the battery system. However, this technology still faces challenges in the reliability and durability of thermal management components in practical applications.

[0004] There are two major deficiencies in the existing technologies: one is that the heat exchange component integration technology lacks reliability verification throughout the life cycle and cannot ensure the long-term stable operation of heat exchange components under complex working conditions; the other is that the testing methods of liquid cooling systems are single, deviate from the actual working conditions, and it is difficult to comprehensively evaluate the system performance.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method and system for verifying the reliability of water-cooled power battery thermal management components. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for verifying the reliability of a water-cooled power battery thermal management component, which can verify the reliability of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component throughout the life cycle.

[0007] In the first aspect, a method for verifying the reliability of a water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to the present invention includes the following steps: S1: Conduct a cold plate flow resistance characteristic test on the power battery to evaluate whether the initial performance of the thermal management component of the power battery meets the design requirements; S2: Conduct a fast charge test on the power battery and record the coolant level of the water chiller during the charging process; S3: Conduct an aging test on the power battery to equivalently simulate the aging of the preset mileage of the whole vehicle, and make the battery cells bulge after the accelerated aging test; S4: Conduct a fast charge test on the power battery, record the coolant level of the water chiller during the charging process, and arrange acoustic sensors around the power battery to monitor the abnormal noise situation of the thermal management component after being stressed and deformed; S5: Conduct a coolant leakage test on the power battery to verify the safety of the power battery after coolant leaks into the battery box.

[0008] Optionally, S1 includes: Inject coolant into the power battery at a preset flow rate, and control the flow resistance of the inlet and outlet of the power battery within a preset pressure value, so as to ensure that the initial performance of the thermal management component for the test meets the design requirements.

[0009] Optionally, S2 includes: S21: Before the test, fill the coolant in the liquid chiller to the preset liquid level line; S22: Control the temperature of the power battery within the first preset temperature range, and discharge it to the cut-off voltage using a preset discharge current; S23: Let the power battery stand still. After the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within the second preset temperature range, put the power battery into the DC charging state, charge it according to the required charging current of the power battery, cool it according to the cooling strategy of the power battery, and stop charging when the required charging current of the power battery drops to the preset current value, and record the charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time and the coolant liquid level of the liquid chiller during the charging process; S24: Take the charging time, battery temperature difference, and coolant liquid level as the control group for evaluating the thermal management component.

[0010] In S2, by establishing the baseline data of the fast charging efficiency, thermal equilibrium ability and cold plate deformation of the thermal management component in the initial state, a control benchmark is provided for the performance degradation evaluation after aging in S4.

[0011] Optionally, S3 includes: S31: Collect the three-axis vibration spectrum and the battery power demand curve of the preset working condition during the actual driving of the whole vehicle; S32: Establish a multi-body dynamics model of the power battery, and convert the road spectrum vibration into the six-degree-of-freedom vibration load of the power battery; S33: Fix the power battery on the vibration table and place it in a damp heat test chamber, and control the temperature of the power battery within the first preset temperature range, and discharge the power battery to the cut-off voltage according to the preset discharge current; S34: Let the power battery stand still. After the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within the third preset temperature range and the humidity is within the first humidity range, put the power battery into the DC charging state, charge it according to the required charging current of the power battery, cool it according to the cooling strategy of the power battery, and stop charging when the required charging current of the power battery drops to the preset current value; S35: Discharge the power battery according to the battery power demand curve until the lowest SOC allowed by the vehicle, cool it according to the battery cooling strategy, and accelerate aging in combination with vibration loads; S36: Repeat S34 and S35 until the equivalent mileage of the vehicle reaches the preset mileage.

[0012] In S3, by collecting the three-axis vibration spectrum and power demand of the actual driving conditions, the working environment of the power battery is accurately simulated. A multi-body dynamics model of the power battery is established, and the road spectrum vibration is converted into six-degree-of-freedom loads, which can accurately evaluate the impact of vibration on the battery. Controlling the temperature and humidity in the damp heat test chamber can evaluate the performance stability of the battery under different environments. By combining cyclic charge and discharge with vibration loads, the swelling of the battery cells is accelerated, and the long-term use performance of the battery can be quickly evaluated, shortening the test cycle.

[0013] Optionally, in S31, the preset conditions include high-speed, bumpy, and rapid acceleration conditions to simulate the aging test of various typical conditions.

[0014] Optionally, in S3, a five-dimensional environmental coupling accelerated aging test is performed on the power battery. Among them, the five-dimensional environment includes road spectrum vibration, power demand, temperature, humidity, and cooling strategy. By simulating the complex five-dimensional environment in actual use, the process of increasing the swelling force of the battery cells is accelerated, and the performance of the thermal management components under extreme conditions is verified.

[0015] Optionally, S4 includes: S41: Before the test, fill the coolant in the liquid chiller to the preset liquid level line; S42: Arrange acoustic sensors around the power battery at positions preset distances from the geometric center of the power battery; S43: Control the temperature of the power battery within the first preset temperature range and discharge it to the cut-off voltage according to the preset discharge current; S44: Let the power battery stand still. After the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within the second preset temperature range, put the power battery into the DC charging state and charge it according to the required charging current of the power battery, and cool it according to the cooling strategy of the power battery. Stop charging when the required charging current of the power battery drops to the preset current value, and record the charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time, and the coolant liquid level in the liquid chiller during the charging process; S45: Compare and analyze the coolant liquid levels of the liquid chiller in S44 and S2 to evaluate the situation where the swelling of the battery cells during accelerated aging exerts pressure on the water-cooled plate, resulting in a reduction in the volume of the water-cooled plate cavity and further causing the coolant to be extruded; S46: Compare and analyze the charging time and battery temperature difference in S44 and S2 to evaluate the change in thermal management performance after the coolant is extruded.

[0016] In S4, by arranging acoustic sensors around the power battery, the abnormal noise condition of the thermal management component during the fast charging process can be accurately monitored, and potential safety hazards can be detected in a timely manner. Multiple key parameters during the charging process, such as charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time, and coolant level, are recorded in detail, providing comprehensive data support for subsequent analysis. By comparing and analyzing the data in S44 and S2, the situation where the coolant is extruded due to the pressure exerted on the water-cooled plate by the expansion of the battery cells after accelerated aging can be evaluated, and further, the impact of this change on the thermal management performance can be analyzed. This helps to deeply understand the impact of battery aging on the thermal management system and provides a scientific basis for optimizing design and maintenance.

[0017] Optionally, in S42, the specific positions are as follows: Acoustic sensors are arranged at positions in the positive x-axis direction, negative x-axis direction, positive y-axis direction, negative y-axis direction, and positive z-axis direction at a preset distance from the geometric center of the power battery. It can achieve all-round and multi-angle abnormal noise monitoring of the thermal management component. This layout method can ensure that no matter from which direction the abnormal noise comes, it can be captured by at least one acoustic sensor, thus improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of abnormal noise detection.

[0018] Optionally, S5 includes: S51: Blow out the coolant in the power battery, keep the thermal management component without coolant, and set leakage points at the weak points of the connections of the thermal management component; S52: Flip the power battery 180 degrees in the z-axis direction; S53: Inject coolant into the power battery according to the thermal management strategy of fast charging with a liquid chiller until the injection volume reaches the total amount of the vehicle coolant; S54: Observe statically whether the power battery catches fire or explodes.

[0019] S5 can simulate extreme situations of coolant leakage. This simulation can comprehensively evaluate the safety of the power battery after coolant leakage to ensure that the battery system will not cause serious safety accidents such as fire and explosion due to coolant leakage under extreme conditions; at the same time, it can simulate the scenario where the coolant leaks due to the rupture of the thermal pipeline component when the vehicle encounters extreme working conditions such as rollover during the whole vehicle life cycle. It can also truly simulate the coolant circulation situation under the fast charging scenario. Under the working state of high pressure and high flow, by observing statically whether the power battery catches fire or explodes, the safety and stability of the thermal management component during the fast charging process can be evaluated.

[0020] In a second aspect, a reliability verification system for a water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to the present invention includes: Cold plate flow resistance characteristic test unit: It is used to conduct cold plate flow resistance characteristic tests on power batteries to evaluate whether the initial performance of the thermal management components of power batteries meets the design requirements; First fast charging performance test unit: It is used to conduct fast charging tests on power batteries and record the coolant level of the water chiller during the charging process; Accelerated aging test unit: It is used to conduct aging tests on power batteries, equivalently simulate the aging of the preset mileage of the whole vehicle, and make the battery cells bulge after the accelerated aging test; Second fast charging performance test unit: It is used to conduct fast charging tests on power batteries, record the coolant level of the water chiller during the charging process, and arrange acoustic sensors around the power battery to monitor abnormal noises after the thermal management components are stressed and deformed; Coolant leakage safety verification unit: It is used to conduct coolant leakage tests on power batteries to verify the safety of power batteries after coolant leaks into the battery box.

[0021] Advantages of the present invention: (1) Achieved full-life cycle reliability verification: Through equivalently simulating the aging test of the preset mileage of the whole vehicle, the present invention can evaluate the performance changes of the thermal management components during long-term use, ensure their long-term stable operation under complex working conditions, and solve the problem that the heat exchange component integration technology in the prior art lacks full-life cycle reliability verification.

[0022] (2) Achieved multi-factor coupling effect evaluation: The present invention comprehensively considers the multi-factor coupling effects such as dynamic working conditions, mechanical vibration, temperature and humidity changes, etc. Through comprehensive test design, it can more accurately simulate the actual working conditions and comprehensively evaluate the performance of the thermal management components, overcoming the deficiencies of the single test method of the existing liquid cooling system and the deviation from the actual working conditions.

[0023] In summary, the present invention can simulate the actual working conditions, cover multi-factor coupling effects such as dynamic working conditions, mechanical vibration, temperature and humidity changes, etc., and comprehensively evaluate the performance of the thermal management components. At the same time, a full-life cycle reliability verification system is established to ensure the long-term stable operation of the thermal management components under complex working conditions, providing a strong guarantee for the safe and efficient operation of new energy vehicles. Brief description of the drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is the flow chart of the reliability verification method for the water-cooled power battery thermal management component described in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is the flow chart of S2 in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is the flow chart of S3 in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4It is the flowchart of S4 in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is the flowchart of S5 in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is the principle block diagram of the reliability verification system for the water-cooled power battery thermal management component in the embodiment of the present application; In the figure: 1. Cold plate flow resistance characteristic test unit, 2. First fast charging performance test unit, 3. Accelerated aging test unit, 4. Second fast charging performance test unit, 5. Coolant leakage safety verification unit. Specific implementation manners

[0025] The following will describe the implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, rather than for limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, in the embodiment of the present application, a method for verifying the reliability of a water-cooled power battery thermal management component includes the following steps: S1: Conduct a cold plate flow resistance characteristic test on the power battery, aiming to evaluate whether the initial performance of the power battery thermal management component meets the design requirements.

[0027] S2: Conduct a fast charging test on the power battery, record the coolant level of the water chiller during the charging process, so as to obtain the initial coolant volume and the thermal management performance baseline.

[0028] S3: Conduct an accelerated aging test on the power battery, equivalently simulate the aging of the preset mileage of the whole vehicle (for example: 300,000 kilometers), and make the battery cells bulge after the accelerated aging test.

[0029] S4: Conduct a fast charging test on the power battery, record the coolant level of the water chiller during the charging process, and arrange acoustic sensors around the power battery. The core purpose is: through precise monitoring and data analysis, quantitatively evaluate the extrusion amount of the coolant due to the structural change when the force on the cold plate caused by the increased expansion force of the battery cells leads to deformation; at the same time, use acoustic sensing to capture the abnormal sound characteristics, and systematically verify the abnormal sound performance of the thermal management component after experiencing the force deformation condition, providing data support for subsequent structural optimization and acoustic performance improvement.

[0030] S5: Conduct a coolant leakage test on the power battery, aiming to verify the safety of the power battery after the coolant leaks into the battery box.

[0031] In a possible embodiment, in S1: The coolant is passed into the power battery at a preset flow rate (e.g., ML / min) through a flow resistance test device, and the flow resistance at the inlet and outlet of the power battery is controlled within a preset pressure value (e.g., NkPa) to ensure that the initial performance of the battery thermal management component under test meets the design requirements.

[0032] As Figure 2 shown, in a possible embodiment, in S2, it specifically includes: S21: Before the test, fill the coolant in the liquid chiller to the preset liquid level line (e.g., the MAX line in the observation window).

[0033] S22: Control the temperature of the power battery within the first preset temperature range (e.g., within 25°C ± 5°C), and discharge it to the cut-off voltage with a preset discharge current (e.g., 1C constant current).

[0034] S23: Let the power battery stand still. After the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within the second preset temperature range (e.g., within 25°C ± 2°C), put the power battery into the DC charging state, charge it according to the required charging current of the power battery, cool it according to the cooling strategy of the power battery, and stop charging when the required charging current of the power battery drops to the preset current value (e.g., 0A), and record the charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time, and the coolant liquid level of the liquid chiller during the charging process.

[0035] S24: Take the charging time, battery temperature difference, and coolant liquid level as the control group for evaluating the thermal management component, providing a reference benchmark for S4 to facilitate the comparison of performance changes after aging. Among them, the battery temperature difference is the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the battery during the test.

[0036] The fast charging efficiency, thermal equilibrium ability, and cold plate deformation baseline data of the thermal management component in the initial state are established through S2, providing a control benchmark for the evaluation of performance degradation after aging in S4.

[0037] As Figure 3 shown, in a possible embodiment, in S3, it specifically includes: S31: Use an on-vehicle data recorder to collect the three-axis vibration spectrum and the battery power demand curve of the vehicle under preset working conditions (including high speed, bumpy, and rapid acceleration, etc.) during actual driving. By collecting the three-axis vibration spectrum and power demand of the actual driving conditions, the working environment of the power battery can be accurately simulated.

[0038] S32: Establish a multi-body dynamics model of the power battery, and convert the road spectrum vibration into a six-degree-of-freedom vibration load of the power battery. By establishing a multi-body dynamics model of the power battery and converting the road spectrum vibration into a six-degree-of-freedom load, the impact of vibration on the battery can be accurately evaluated.

[0039] S33: Fix the power battery on a vibration table and place it in a damp heat test chamber, and control the temperature of the power battery within a first preset temperature range to discharge the power battery to the cut-off voltage according to a preset discharge current. Controlling the temperature and humidity in the damp heat test chamber can evaluate the performance stability of the battery under different environments.

[0040] S34: Let the power battery stand still. After the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within a third preset temperature range (for example, within 40°C ± 2°C) and the humidity is within a first humidity range (for example, 75% - 90%RH), put the power battery into the DC charging state, charge it according to the required charging current of the power battery, cool it according to the cooling strategy of the power battery, and stop charging when the required charging current of the power battery drops to a preset current value.

[0041] S35: Discharge the power battery according to the battery power demand curve to the lowest SOC allowed by the vehicle, cool it according to the battery cooling strategy, and accelerate aging by combining vibration loads.

[0042] S36: Loop S34 and S35 until the equivalent mileage of the vehicle reaches a preset mileage. This is mainly to simulate that the swelling force of the battery cells gradually increases after charge-discharge cycles, and the battery cells on both sides squeeze the cold plate towards the middle, causing the cavity to deform. By combining charge-discharge cycles with vibration loads to accelerate the bulging of the battery cells, the long-term performance of the battery can be quickly evaluated, and the test cycle can be shortened.

[0043] In a possible embodiment, in S3, a five-dimensional environmental coupling accelerated aging test is performed on the power battery. Among them, the five-dimensional environment includes road spectrum vibration, power demand, temperature, humidity, and cooling strategy. By simulating the complex five-dimensional environment in actual use, the process of increasing the swelling force of the battery cells is accelerated, and the performance of the thermal management component under extreme conditions is verified.

[0044] As Figure 4 shown, in a possible embodiment, in S4, it specifically includes: S41: Before the test, fill the coolant in the liquid chiller to the preset liquid level line.

[0045] S42: Arrange acoustic sensors at positions around the power battery at a preset distance from the geometric center of the power battery. These acoustic sensors are used to detect the pressure exerted by the battery cells on the thermal management component during the aging expansion process by capturing abnormal sounds conducted through the power battery box. By arranging acoustic sensors around the power battery, the abnormal sound conditions of the thermal management component during fast charging can be accurately monitored, and potential safety hazards can be discovered in a timely manner.

[0046] S43: Control the temperature of the power battery within a first preset temperature range and discharge it to the cut-off voltage according to a preset discharge current.

[0047] S44: Let the power battery stand still. After the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within the second preset temperature range, put the power battery into the DC charging state, charge it according to the required charging current of the power battery, cool it according to the cooling strategy of the power battery, stop charging when the required charging current of the power battery drops to the preset current value, and record the charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time, and the coolant level in the liquid cooler during the charging process. Detailed recording of multiple key parameters during the charging process, such as charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time, and coolant level, provides comprehensive data support for subsequent analysis.

[0048] S45: Compare and analyze the coolant levels in the liquid cooler in S44 and S2, and evaluate the situation where the expansion of the battery cells during accelerated aging exerts pressure on the water-cooled plate, resulting in a reduction in the volume of the water-cooled plate cavity and further causing the coolant to be extruded. It can simulate the scenario where the coolant is squeezed into the cooling reservoir during actual vehicle use, ensure that the volume of the extruded coolant is within the capacity range of the reservoir, prevent it from overflowing into the front compartment, and avoid potential safety risks. By comparing and analyzing the data in S44 and S2, the situation where the expansion of the battery cells after accelerated aging exerts pressure on the water-cooled plate and causes the coolant to be extruded can be evaluated.

[0049] S46: Compare and analyze the charging time and the battery temperature difference in S44 and S2, and evaluate the change in the thermal management performance after the coolant is extruded. By comparing and analyzing the data in S44 and S2, the change in the thermal management performance after the coolant is extruded can be evaluated, which helps to deeply understand the impact of battery aging on the thermal management system.

[0050] If the extension of the charging time or the increase in the battery temperature difference indicates that the aging and expansion of the battery cells cause deformation of the cold plate and a reduction in the cavity volume, resulting in a decline in the efficiency of the cooling system or battery thermal management problems, further optimization of the design and improvement are required.

[0051] As Figure 5 shown, in a possible embodiment, in S5, it specifically includes: S51: Blow out the coolant in the fully charged power battery in S4, keep the thermal management component without coolant, and set leakage points at the weak points of the connections of the thermal management component. It can simulate the extreme situation of coolant leakage. This simulation can comprehensively evaluate the safety of the power battery after coolant leakage to ensure that the battery system will not cause serious safety accidents such as fire and explosion due to coolant leakage under extreme conditions.

[0052] S52: Fix the power battery on the tooling and flip it 180 degrees in the z-axis direction; simulate the scenario where the coolant leaks due to the rupture of the thermal pipeline component during extreme working conditions such as vehicle rollover in the whole vehicle life cycle.

[0053] S53: Inject coolant into the power battery according to the thermal management strategy of fast charging using a liquid chiller until the injection volume reaches the total amount of coolant in the whole vehicle, so as to truly simulate the coolant circulation situation in the fast charging scenario.

[0054] S54: Observe statically whether the power battery catches fire or explodes. Under the working state of high pressure and high flow rate, by observing statically whether the power battery catches fire or explodes, the safety and stability of the thermal management component during fast charging can be evaluated.

[0055] As Figure 6 shown, in the embodiment of the present application, a reliability verification system for a water-cooled power battery thermal management component includes a cold plate flow resistance characteristic test unit 1, a first fast charging performance test unit 2, an accelerated aging test unit 3, a second fast charging performance test unit 4, and a coolant leakage safety verification unit 5. Among them, the cold plate flow resistance characteristic test unit 1 is used to conduct a cold plate flow resistance characteristic test on the power battery to evaluate whether the initial performance of the thermal management component of the power battery meets the design requirements. The first fast charging performance test unit 2 is used to conduct a fast charging test on the power battery and record the coolant level of the liquid chiller during the charging process. The accelerated aging test unit 3 is used to conduct an aging test on the power battery to equivalently simulate the aging of the preset mileage of the whole vehicle, so that the battery cells bulge after the accelerated aging test. The second fast charging performance test unit 4 is used to conduct a fast charging test on the power battery, record the coolant level of the liquid chiller during the charging process, and arrange acoustic sensors around the power battery to monitor abnormal noises after the thermal management component is stressed and deformed. The coolant leakage safety verification unit 5 is used to conduct a coolant leakage test on the power battery to verify the safety of the power battery after the coolant leaks into the battery box.

[0056] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement methods and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reliability verification method for a water-cooled power battery thermal management component, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Conduct cold plate flow resistance characteristic test on the power battery to evaluate whether the initial performance of the power battery's thermal management components meets the design requirements; S2: Perform a fast charging test on the power battery and record the coolant level of the water cooler during the charging process; S3: Perform an aging test on the power battery, simulating the aging of the vehicle at a preset mileage, so that the battery cell swells after the accelerated aging test; S4: Conduct a fast-charging test on the power battery, record the coolant level of the water cooler during charging, and place acoustic sensors around the power battery to monitor abnormal noise caused by deformation of the thermal management components. S5: Perform a coolant leakage test on the power battery to verify the safety of the power battery after the coolant leaks into the battery box.

2. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S1 comprises: The coolant is introduced into the power battery at a preset flow rate, and the flow resistance of the water inlet and outlet of the power battery is controlled within a preset pressure value.

3. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 includes: S21: Before the test, add the coolant in the liquid cooler to the preset liquid level line; S22: controlling the temperature of the power battery to be within a first preset temperature range, and discharging the power battery to a cut-off voltage using a preset discharge current; S23: The power battery is allowed to stand for a while until its temperature stabilizes within a second preset temperature range, then the power battery enters a DC charging state, charging the power battery according to a required charging current, cooling the power battery according to a cooling strategy, and stopping charging when the required charging current of the power battery decreases to a preset current value. The charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time, and coolant level of the liquid cooler are recorded during the charging process. S24: Charging time, battery temperature difference, and coolant level are used as a control group for evaluating thermal management components, providing a reference baseline for S4 to facilitate comparison of performance changes after aging.

4. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 includes: S31: Collect the three-axis vibration spectrum and battery power demand curve of the vehicle under preset working conditions during actual driving; S32: Establish a multi-body dynamics model for the power battery and convert the road spectrum vibration into a six-degree-of-freedom vibration load on the power battery; S33: Fixing the power battery on a vibration table and placing it in a damp heat test chamber, controlling the temperature of the power battery within a first preset temperature range, and discharging the power battery according to a preset discharge current to a cut-off voltage; S34: The power battery is allowed to stand until the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within a third preset temperature range and the humidity stabilizes within the first humidity range, then the power battery enters a DC charging state, charging the power battery according to a required charging current and cooling the power battery according to a cooling strategy, and stopping charging when the required charging current of the power battery decreases to a preset current value. S35: Discharging the power battery according to the battery power demand curve to the minimum SOC allowed by the vehicle, cooling the battery according to the battery cooling strategy, and accelerating aging in combination with vibration load; S36: Loop S34 and S35 until the equivalent mileage of the vehicle reaches the preset mileage.

5. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In the S31, the preset operating conditions include high speed, bumpy and rapid acceleration conditions.

6. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, a five-dimensional environment coupled accelerated aging test is performed on the power battery, wherein the five-dimensional environment includes road spectrum vibration, power demand, temperature, humidity and cooling strategy.

7. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S4 includes: S41: Before the test, add the coolant in the liquid cooler to the preset liquid level line; S42: Arrange acoustic sensors around the power battery at positions at a preset distance from the geometric center of the power battery; S43: controlling the temperature of the power battery to be within a first preset temperature range, and discharging the power battery according to a preset discharge current to a cut-off voltage; S44: The power battery is allowed to stand for a while, and after the temperature of the power battery stabilizes within a second preset temperature range, the power battery enters a DC charging state, and is charged according to a required charging current of the power battery, and cooled according to a cooling strategy of the power battery. Charging is stopped when the required charging current of the power battery decreases to a preset current value, and the charging current, charging capacity, battery temperature, charging time, and coolant level in the liquid cooler during the charging process are recorded. S45: Comparative analysis of the coolant levels in the liquid coolers in S44 and S2 to assess whether the battery cells, due to expansion during accelerated aging, exert pressure on the cold plate, causing the cold plate cavity volume to decrease, leading to coolant extrusion; S46: Compare and analyze the charging time and battery temperature difference in S44 and S2, and evaluate the changes in thermal management performance after the coolant is squeezed out.

8. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the S42, the specific location is: Acoustic sensors are arranged at positions in the positive direction of the x-axis, negative direction of the x-axis, positive direction of the y-axis, negative direction of the y-axis and positive direction of the z-axis at a preset distance from the geometric center of the power battery.

9. The reliability verification method of the water-cooled power battery thermal management component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 includes: S51: Blow out the coolant in the power battery, keep the thermal management component free of coolant, and set a leakage point at the weak point of the thermal management component connection; S52: Flip the power battery 180 degrees along the z-axis; S53: Use the liquid cooler to inject coolant into the power battery according to the fast charging thermal management strategy until the injection volume reaches the total coolant volume of the entire vehicle; S54: Leave the battery alone and observe whether it catches fire or explodes.

10. A reliability verification system for a water-cooled power battery thermal management component, characterized in that: include: Cold plate flow resistance characteristic test unit (1): used to perform cold plate flow resistance characteristic test on power batteries to evaluate whether the initial performance of the thermal management components of the power batteries meets the design requirements; The first fast charging performance test unit (2): used to perform a fast charging test on the power battery and record the coolant level of the water cooler during the charging process; Accelerated aging test unit (3): used to perform aging tests on power batteries, equivalently simulating the aging of the vehicle at a preset mileage, so that the battery cells swell after the accelerated aging test; The second fast-charging performance test unit (4) is used to perform a fast-charging test on the power battery, record the coolant level of the water cooler during the charging process, and arrange acoustic sensors around the power battery to monitor the abnormal sound of the thermal management component after deformation under stress; Coolant leakage safety verification unit (5): used to conduct a coolant leakage test on the power battery to verify the safety of the power battery after the coolant leaks into the battery box.

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