Microlens optical system, light projection device, and electronic device

Abstract

The present application discloses a microlens optical system, a light projection device, and an electronic device. The microlens optical system includes: a pre-converging microlens array, which is composed of a plurality of pre-converging microlenses, each of which is capable of pre-converging incident light and pre-shaping the incident light, so that the formed light beam pattern is pre-converged to the focal position of the pre-converging microlens, wherein the light beam patterns formed by at least two pre-converging microlenses are different; a light shielding member, which is located on the light-emitting side of the pre-converging microlens array, and the light shielding member is provided with a light-transmitting area, the shape of the light-transmitting area forms a preset pattern, and the focal point of each pre-converging microlens is located between the pre-converging microlens and the light shielding member, so that the light beam pattern is projected from the focal position along the optical axis direction to the beam receiving surface of the light shielding member, and each light beam pattern received by the beam receiving surface has a shape and / or size similar to its corresponding light-transmitting area, thereby helping to improve the light efficiency and the final imaging quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of lighting technology, and in particular to a microlens optical system, a light projection device, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the optical design system of traditional MLA (Micro Lens Array) headlights, conventional solutions construct a sophisticated Köhler illumination and pattern projection system. From an optical architecture perspective, the converging lens group and the projection imaging lens group form the core framework of the entire system. The film, serving as the pattern carrier, is precisely placed at the conjugate focal position of the two lens groups. Through the conjugate imaging principle in optics, the converging lens group converges the divergent light emitted by the light source to form a uniform light distribution. This light then converges onto the film, meeting the Köhler illumination requirement for incident light uniformity. The projection imaging lens group is responsible for amplifying and clearly imaging the pattern information on the film, projecting it onto the target illuminated area.

[0003] However, this solution has certain limitations when the film needs to present a variety of different patterns. On the one hand, the transmittance and structure of different patterns vary significantly, and the energy loss when light passes through them varies. When light passes through the pattern area with low transmittance, a large amount of light energy is absorbed or scattered, resulting in a significant decrease in the light flux finally projected onto the target area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One purpose of the present application is to provide a microlens optical system, a light projection device, and an electronic device, which pre-converge light through a pre-converging microlens array, so that the light is pre-converged to a focal position in front of the shading element, and then projected to a preset pattern of the shading element, so that a light beam pattern is formed in front of the shading element, thereby avoiding excessive obstruction of light by the shading element and improving the lighting effect.

[0005] Another object of the present application is to provide a microlens optical system, a light projection device, and an electronic device, which realize light beam patterns of various shapes by using the focal length differences of pre-converging microlenses in different directions, and pre-converge the light through the pre-converging microlens array, so that the light beam pattern projected in front of the shading element is close to the preset pattern shape and / or size of the shading element, so as to improve the final imaging effect and enhance the light efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the present application is as follows: a microlens optical system comprising: a pre-converging microlens array, the pre-converging microlens array being composed of a plurality of pre-converging microlenses, each of the pre-converging microlenses being capable of pre-converging incident light and pre-shaping the incident light, so that the formed light beam pattern is pre-converged to the focal position of the pre-converging microlens, at least two of the pre-converging microlenses having different focal lengths, wherein at least two of the pre-converging microlenses form different light beam patterns; and a light shielding member located on the light exit side of the pre-converging microlens array. The light-shielding member is provided with a light-transmitting area, the shape of the light-transmitting area forms a preset pattern, the focus of each of the pre-converging microlenses is located between the pre-converging microlens and the light-shielding member, so that the light beam pattern is projected from the focal position along the optical axis direction to the light beam receiving surface of the light-shielding member, wherein at least two of the preset patterns have different shapes and / or sizes; a projection microlens array, the projection microlens array is provided on the light-emitting side of the light-shielding member, and the projection microlens array is provided with a plurality of projection microlenses for projecting the light passing through the light-shielding member into an image.

[0007] Preferably, each of the pre-converging microlenses has a corresponding horizontal focal length and vertical focal length, and at least two of the pre-converging microlenses have different horizontal focal lengths and different vertical focal lengths.

[0008] Preferably, each of the pre-converging microlenses has a corresponding horizontal focal length and vertical focal length, and the horizontal focal lengths of at least two of the pre-converging microlenses are different from their corresponding vertical focal lengths.

[0009] As a preference, for the two preset patterns of different shapes and / or sizes, the horizontal focal lengths and / or vertical focal lengths of the two corresponding pre-converging microlenses are different.

[0010] Preferably, when the horizontal focal length is smaller than the vertical focal length, the horizontal length of the light beam pattern formed is greater than the vertical length, and the horizontal length of the preset pattern projected on the shading element is greater than the vertical length; or, when the horizontal focal length is greater than the vertical focal length, the horizontal length of the light beam pattern projected on the shading element is smaller than the vertical length, and the corresponding horizontal length of the preset pattern is smaller than the vertical length.

[0011] As a preference, the horizontal focal lengths of the projection micro-lenses are the same, and the vertical focal lengths of the projection micro-lenses are the same.

[0012] As a preference, the focus of each of the projection microlenses is located on the light-shielding element.

[0013] As another preference, the horizontal focal length x of the pre-converging microlens satisfies: 1.73*d≤x≤2.88*d, and the vertical focal length y satisfies: 1.73*d≤y≤2.88*d, where d is the side length of the pre-converging microlens.

[0014] More preferably, the horizontal focal length x and the vertical focal length y of the pre-converging microlens 101 satisfy: 1.73*d≤x≤y≤2.88*d.

[0015] Further preferably, the horizontal length of the preset pattern is h, the vertical length of the preset pattern is v, and at least 50% of the pre-converging microlenses satisfy: 0.8*(h / v)≥(x / y)≥0.45*(h / v).

[0016] More preferably, at least 90% of the pre-converging microlenses satisfy: 0.9*(h / v)≥(x / y)≥0.15*(h / v).

[0017] Further preferably, the distance between the light shielding member and the horizontal focus of the pre-converging microlens array along the optical axis is Lx, satisfying: 0.8*d≤Lx≤1.8*d, and the distance between the light shielding member and the vertical focus of the pre-converging microlens array along the optical axis is Ly, satisfying: 0.8*d≤Ly≤1.8*d.

[0018] More preferably, Lx and Ly satisfy: 0.8*d≤Ly≤Lx≤1.8*d.

[0019] More preferably, the side length d of the pre-converging microlens satisfies: 100 μm≤d≤300 μm.

[0020] Further preferably, the position of each of the pre-converging microlenses corresponds one-to-one to the position of each of the projection microlenses, and the focal length of at least a portion of the pre-converging microlenses is different from the focal length of the corresponding projection microlenses.

[0021] Further preferably, the shading member is further provided with a shading area, which is located on the peripheral side of the light-transmitting area, and is suitable for blocking edge stray light of the beam pattern and shaping the beam image, and the number of the preset patterns is multiple.

[0022] Further preferably, the distance D1 between the light shielding member and the pre-converging microlens array and the distance D2 between the light shielding member and the projection microlens array satisfy: D1>D2.

[0023] Further preferably, the distance D1 between the light shielding member and the pre-converging microlens array and the distance D2 between the light shielding member and the projection microlens array satisfy: D1≤D2.

[0024] Further preferably, the optical axes of the pre-converging microlenses of the pre-converging microlens array and the optical axes of the projection microlenses of the corresponding projection microlenses of the projection microlens array coincide with or are parallel to each other, and the pre-converging microlenses and the projection microlenses are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the optical axis direction, so that the light emitted from the pre-converging microlenses is incident on the corresponding projection microlenses.

[0025] Further preferably, the area S1 of the light beam pattern generated by a single pre-converging microlens projected on the light shielding member and the area S2 of the corresponding single light-transmitting area satisfy the following: 0.4≤(S2 / S1)≤0.9.

[0026] A second aspect of the present application provides a light projection device, comprising: a light source, wherein the light source emits light that is incident on the above-mentioned microlens optical system.

[0027] Further preferably, the light projection device further comprises a collimating element, and the collimating element is provided on the light incident side of the pre-converging micro-lens array, so that the outgoing light of the light source is incident horizontally onto the pre-converging micro-lens array.

[0028] According to a third aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, which includes the above-mentioned light projection device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application from another perspective.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of a microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of a microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0033] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a beam path of a microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0034] Figure 6a-6b is another schematic diagram of the optical path of the microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Figure 7 is another schematic diagram of the beam path of the microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0036] Figure 8Schematic diagram of a preset pattern of a light-transmitting area of ​​a shading element according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0037] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a light beam pattern formed by a pre-converging microlens array according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an image formed by a projection microlens array according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0039] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of imaging of a microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0040] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of preset patterns of light-transmitting areas of a shading element according to other embodiments of the present application.

[0041] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of light beam patterns formed by pre-converging microlens arrays according to other embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of an image formed by a projection microlens array according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0043] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of imaging of a microlens optical system according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0044] Figures 16A-16D is a beam flow diagram of a microlens optical system according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0045] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of light beam patterns formed by pre-converging microlens arrays according to other embodiments of the present application.

[0046] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of preset patterns of light-transmitting areas of a shading element according to other embodiments of the present application.

[0047] Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of an image formed by a projection microlens array according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0048] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of imaging of a microlens optical system according to some other embodiments of the present application.

[0049] In the figure: 1. Microlens optical system; 10. Pre-converging microlens array; 101. Pre-converging microlens; 102. Light beam pattern; 20. Light shielding member; 201. Light beam receiving surface; 202. Preset pattern; 21. Transparent area; 22. Light shielding area; 30. Projection microlens array; 301. Projection microlens; 40. Collimating element; 50. Light source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Below, the present application is further described in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be noted that for directional words, such as the terms "center", "horizontal", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and so on, indicating the orientation and position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and cannot be understood as limiting the specific scope of protection of this application.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0053] The terms "comprises" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus that includes a series of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, product or apparatus.

[0054] In some embodiments, the present application provides a microlens optical system 1, such as Figures 1-13As shown, the microlens optical system 1 includes: a pre-converging microlens array 10, which is composed of a plurality of pre-converging microlenses 101. Each pre-converging microlens 101 is capable of pre-converging incident light and pre-shaping the incident light. The formed light beam pattern 102 is pre-converged to the focal position of the pre-converging microlens 101. At least two pre-converging microlenses 101 have different focal lengths, and the light beam patterns 102 formed by at least two pre-converging microlenses 101 are different; a light shielding member 20 is located on the light-emitting side of the pre-converging microlens array 10, and the light shielding member 20 has a light-transmitting The shape of the light-transmitting area 21 forms a preset pattern 202. The focal point of each pre-converging microlens 101 is located in the area between the pre-converging microlens 101 and the light shielding member 20, so that the light beam pattern 102 is projected from the focal position along the optical axis to the light beam receiving surface 201 of the light shielding member 20. At least two of the preset patterns 202 have different shapes and / or sizes. The projection microlens array 30 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the light shielding member 20. The projection microlens array 30 is provided with a plurality of projection microlenses 301 for projecting light passing through the light shielding member 20 into an image. Thus, the pre-converging microlens array 10 pre-converges and shapes the light, so that the light is pre-converged to the focal position in front of the light shielding member 20 and then projected to the preset pattern 202 of the light shielding member 20. The beam pattern 102 is formed in front of the light shielding member 20, thereby preventing the light shielding member 20 from excessively blocking the light and improving the light efficiency.

[0055] Among them, each pre-converging microlens 101 pre-converges and shapes the incident light, so that the light beam pattern 102 is pre-converged to a focal position, and the focal point is located in front of the shading element 20. The light emitted from the focal position is then projected along the optical axis direction to the light-transmitting area 21 of the shading element 20, and the light beam pattern 102 projected to the shading element 20 is close in shape and / or size to the preset pattern 202 of each corresponding light-transmitting area 21. It can be understood that, by pre-converging the light through the pre-converging microlens 101 so that the focus is concentrated in front of the light shielding member 20, the subsequent light distribution projected onto the light shielding member 20 will be more uniform and regular, which helps to improve the resolution of the imaging, make the light beam pattern 102 projected onto the light shielding member 20 clearer, the edge is sharper, and the distortion or blurring of the light spot shape caused by aberration is reduced. In addition, the focal position corresponding to each pre-converging microlens 101 can be adjusted according to the shape and / or size of the preset pattern 202 at different positions on the light shielding member 20, thereby achieving precise control of light energy in different areas and improving light efficiency.

[0056] In some embodiments, as Figure 5As shown, the pre-converging microlens array 10 includes a plurality of pre-converging microlenses 101. For example, f1, f2, and f3 represent the focal lengths of a1, a2, and a3 in the pre-converging microlenses 101. At least two focal lengths of a1, a2, and a3 are different. Alternatively, a1, a2, and a3 may have the same horizontal focal length but different vertical focal lengths, or may have different horizontal focal lengths but the same vertical focal length, or may have different horizontal and vertical focal lengths.

[0057] In some embodiments, each pre-converging microlens 101 has a corresponding horizontal focal length and vertical focal length, and at least two pre-converging microlenses 101 have different horizontal focal lengths and different vertical focal lengths, wherein the horizontal focal length and the vertical focal length are configured based on the shape and / or size of the corresponding respective preset patterns 202. Figure 1 As shown, the X direction represents the horizontal direction, the Y direction represents the vertical direction, and the Z direction represents the optical axis direction. When the horizontal focal length and the vertical focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101 are different, there is a difference in the refractive ability of the pre-converging microlens 101 for the light beams in the horizontal and vertical directions, thereby realizing independent regulation of the horizontal and vertical directions. When the horizontal focal length is smaller than the vertical focal length, the pre-converging microlens 101 has a strong converging ability in the horizontal direction and a weak converging ability in the vertical direction. After the light converges through the focus of the pre-converging microlens 101, it begins to diverge and is projected onto the light shielding member 20. The light beam pattern 102 projected on the light shielding member 20 has a horizontal length greater than a vertical length, and the corresponding preset pattern 202 on the light shielding member 20 has a horizontal length greater than a vertical length. When the horizontal focal length is larger than the vertical focal length, the pre-converging microlens 101 has a weak converging ability in the horizontal direction and a strong converging ability in the vertical direction. After the light converges through the focus of the pre-converging microlens 101, it begins to diverge and is projected onto the light shielding member 20. The beam pattern 102 is short in the horizontal direction and long in the vertical direction, and the corresponding preset pattern 202 on the shading element 20 is short in the horizontal direction and long in the vertical direction; by accurately matching the ratio of the horizontal focal length to the vertical focal length, any shape can be generated to form light spots of different shapes to meet different imaging requirements, that is, a variety of different beam patterns 102 are generated by pre-adjusting the focal length differences of the pre-converging microlenses 101 in different directions, and the pre-converging and shaping of the light by the pre-converging microlens array 10, the focus of each pre-converging microlens 101 is located in front of the shading element 20, so that the beam pattern 102 projected in front of the shading element 20 is close to the shape and / or size of the preset pattern 202 of the shading element 20, so that less stray light is generated, and less light is blocked by the shading element 20, effectively avoiding excessive obstruction of light by the shading element 20, thereby suppressing stray light while improving light efficiency and improving the final imaging effect.

[0058] In other words, if the horizontal and vertical focal lengths of the pre-converging microlenses 101 are not pre-adjusted to be consistent, the resulting beam patterns 102 will generally be circular light spots, and the focal points of the pre-converging microlenses 101 will all be converged to the beam receiving surface 201 of the light shielding member 20, which is located on the side close to the pre-converging microlens array 10. Because the light shielding member 20 has different preset patterns 202, some with large light-transmitting areas 21 and others with small light-transmitting areas 21, when the same circular light spot passes through the light-transmitting areas 21 of the light shielding member 20, the light spot projected on the light shielding member 20 will be blocked by light shielding members 20 of different sizes, resulting in reduced projection light efficiency and light crosstalk, making it impossible to present a high-quality projection effect.

[0059] Thus, each pre-converging microlens 101 is configured with a different horizontal and vertical focal length according to the preset pattern 202 of the corresponding light shielding member 20, so that the focus of the pre-converging microlens 101 is pre-adjusted to the area in front of the light shielding member 20. When the size and / or shape of the beam pattern 102 formed by the pre-converging light projected onto the beam receiving surface 201 of the light shielding member 20 is roughly similar to the size and / or shape of the corresponding light-transmitting area 21, less stray light is generated, and less stray light is blocked by the light shielding member 20, effectively improving the lighting efficiency and making the light distribution more uniform and regular. It is worth noting that when the focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101 is shorter, the area of ​​the light-transmitting area 21 of the corresponding light shielding member 20 is larger. Therefore, by adjusting the focal length and area of ​​the light-transmitting area 21 of each pre-converging microlens 101, the pre-converging microlens 101 can produce a variety of different specific beam patterns 102 that are compatible with the preset pattern 202 of the light shielding member 20.

[0060] In some embodiments, at least two pre-converging microlenses 101 have different horizontal focal lengths and different vertical focal lengths. For example, the pre-converging microlens a1 has a horizontal focal length fx1 and a vertical focal length fy1, and the pre-converging microlens a2 has a horizontal focal length fx2 and a vertical focal length fy2, where fx1 ≠ fx2 and fy1 ≠ fy2.

[0061] Alternatively, the horizontal focal lengths of at least two pre-converging microlenses 101 are different from their corresponding vertical focal lengths. For example, the pre-converging microlens a1 has a horizontal focal length fx1 and a vertical focal length fy1, and the pre-converging microlens a2 has a horizontal focal length fx2 and a vertical focal length fy2, where fx1≠fy1 and fx2≠fy2.

[0062] In some embodiments, for two preset patterns 202 of different shapes and / or sizes, the corresponding two pre-converging microlenses 101 have different horizontal and / or vertical focal lengths. That is, if the preset pattern 202 is a rectangle, a circle, or other shape, adjusting the horizontal and / or vertical focal lengths of the pre-converging microlenses 101 can precisely align the focused beam pattern 102 with the preset pattern 202. When the preset pattern 202 is a horizontal rectangle, reducing the horizontal focal length and increasing the vertical focal length stretches the light spot horizontally and compresses it vertically, bringing the beam pattern 102 into close alignment with the preset pattern 202 in shape and size. This prevents energy from overflowing beyond the pattern boundaries and improves light utilization.

[0063] In some embodiments, the focal lengths of the projection micro-lenses 301 are the same, which means that the horizontal focal lengths of the projection micro-lenses 301 are the same, and / or the vertical focal lengths of the projection micro-lenses 301 are the same.

[0064] In some embodiments, the horizontal focal length x of the pre-converging microlens 101 satisfies the following conditions: 1.73*d≤x≤2.88*d; the vertical focal length y of the pre-converging microlens 101 satisfies the following conditions: 1.73*d≤y≤2.88*d, where d is the side length of the pre-converging microlens 101, and the side length d of the pre-converging microlens 101 satisfies the following conditions: 100μm≤d≤300μm. Thus, by precisely matching the ratio of the horizontal focal length to the vertical focal length, and utilizing the focal length differences of the pre-converging microlens 101 in different directions, customized light spots of different shapes can be generated, thereby enabling the control of the diversified light beam pattern 102 to match the corresponding preset pattern 202 of the light shielding member 20.

[0065] In some embodiments, the horizontal focal length x and the vertical focal length y of the pre-converging microlens 101 satisfy the following conditions: 1.73*d≤x≤y≤2.88*d. By limiting the horizontal focal length to be smaller than the vertical focal length, the asymmetric optical properties are utilized to compensate for the aberrations in different directions of the image, thereby significantly improving the image edge sharpness and the boundary transition smoothness, making the image boundary clearer.

[0066] In some embodiments, the horizontal length of the preset pattern 202 is h, the vertical length of the preset pattern 202 is v, and at least 90% of the pre-converging microlenses 101 meet the following conditions: 0.9*(h / v)≥(x / y)≥0.15*(h / v), and at least 50% of the pre-converging microlenses 101 meet the following conditions: 0.8*(h / v)≥(x / y)≥0.45*(h / v). This ensures that the beam pattern 102 formed by the pre-converging microlenses 101 is similar in shape and / or size to the corresponding preset pattern 202 of the light shielding member 20, effectively preventing the light shielding member 20 from excessively blocking light and improving lighting efficiency.

[0067] In some embodiments, as Figure 6aAs shown, the distance between the light shielding member 20 and the horizontal focal points f1x, f2x, and f3x of the pre-converging microlens 101 along the optical axis is Lx, which satisfies the following conditions: 0.8*d≤Lx≤1.8*d. Figure 6b As shown, the distance between the light shielding member 20 and the vertical focal points f1y, f2y, and f3y of the pre-converging microlens array 10 along the optical axis is Ly, and Ly satisfies the following: 0.8*d≤Ly≤1.8*d, preventing the pre-converging microlenses 101 from being too close to the light shielding member 20. If Ly < 0.8d or Lx < 0.8d, the light shielding member 20 is too close to the focal points of the pre-converging microlenses 101, resulting in a small effective aperture and greater energy loss. Alternatively, if the distance is too far, such as Lx > 1.8d or Ly > 1.8d, the light shielding member 20's efficiency in blocking stray light decreases, making it difficult to suppress edge diffraction effects, affecting the final imaging effect.

[0068] In some embodiments, Lx and Ly satisfy the following: 0.8*d≤Ly≤Lx≤1.8*d. By constraining the vertical projection distance to be less than or equal to the horizontal projection distance, the light shielding member 20 has a larger horizontal position adjustment range, allowing for targeted shielding of excess horizontal stray light while retaining necessary vertical light. This adjusts the symmetry of the light spot shape, improves energy concentration, and avoids light spot distortion caused by insufficient shielding.

[0069] In some embodiments, the distance D1 between the light shielding member 20 and the pre-converging microlens array 10, and the distance D2 between the light shielding member 20 and the projection microlens array 30 satisfy the following: D1>D2. This prevents light crosstalk, preventing the light emitted from the pre-converging microlens a3 in the pre-converging microlens array 10 from being incident on and converged by the projection microlens b2 in the projection microlens array 30. At the same time, the light emitted from the pre-converging microlens a2 in the pre-converging microlens array 10 may also be incident on and converged by the projection microlens b3 in the projection microlens array 30, resulting in imaging errors, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The pre-converging microlens a1 corresponds to the projection microlens b1, the pre-converging microlens a2 corresponds to the projection microlens b2, and the pre-converging microlens a3 corresponds to the projection microlens b3.

[0070] That is, by providing asymmetrically distributed microlens arrays on both sides of the light shielding element 20, the pre-converging microlens array 10 is located on the light-entering side of the light shielding element 20, and the projection microlens array 30 is located on the light-exiting side of the light shielding element 20 and is closer to the light shielding element 20. The pre-converging microlens array 10 is spaced relatively large from the light shielding element 20 by a distance D1, and the incident light forms a wider divergence angle in front of the light shielding element 20, resulting in a more uniform light field distribution and the full expansion of the light beam, facilitating the light shielding element 20 to independently and precisely modulate the phase, amplitude, or polarization state of each beam of light. At the same time, the focal point of the pre-converging microlenses 101 is located between the light shielding element 20 and the pre-converging microlens array 10, reducing the propagation range of invalid light beams. The projection microlens array 30 is close to the light shielding element 20, and can quickly capture the modulated light beam and perform secondary focusing and collimation, thereby reducing light scattering loss and energy diffusion during transmission and improving light utilization. Wherein, D1 is the distance between the position where the curved surface on the pre-converging micro-lens 101 ends and the light shielding member 20 , and D2 is the distance between the position where the curved surface on the projection micro-lens 301 ends and the light shielding member 20 .

[0071] In some embodiments, the distance D1 between the light shielding member 20 and the pre-converging microlens array 10 and the distance D2 between the light shielding member 20 and the projection microlens array 30 can also satisfy D1≤D2. In this case, the light shielding member 20 is closer to the pre-converging microlens array 10 or is located between the pre-converging microlens array 10 and the projection microlens array 30. The light beam is initially focused on the pre-converging microlens array 10, blocked by the light shielding member 20 to filter the light, and then enters the projection microlens array 30 through a longer distance, that is, D2, to improve the utilization rate of the light.

[0072] It is worth mentioning that if the distance D1 between the light shielding member 20 and the pre-converging micro-lens array 10 and the distance D2 between the light shielding member 20 and the projection micro-lens array 30 satisfy D1<D2, the optical path of the light emitted from the pre-converging micro-lens array 10 is too long, and light crosstalk is likely to occur. Figure 5As shown, the light beam emitted by the pre-converging microlens array 10 converges before diverging. After passing through the light-transmitting area 21 of the light shield 20, the light continues to diverge. Because D1 is less than D2, the light has a longer propagation distance before reaching the projection microlens array 30, resulting in a significant expansion of the beam cross-section. This expanded beam exceeds the acceptance range of the projection microlenses 301 of the projection microlens array 30, causing the light to enter adjacent projection microlenses 301, resulting in light crosstalk and imaging errors. Therefore, better imaging results are achieved when the distance D1 between the light shield 20 and the pre-converging microlens array 10 and the distance D2 between the light shield 20 and the projection microlens array 30 satisfy D1>D2. This is not only beneficial for ensuring that all focal points on the pre-converging microlenses 101 are located in front of the light shielding member 20 , but also for controlling the focal length (equal to D2) of the projection microlenses 301 on the projection microlens array 30 within a reasonable range and not being too large, thereby preventing the optical path of the light beams emitted from each pre-converging microlens 101 from being too large and avoiding light crosstalk.

[0073] In some embodiments, the position of each pre-converging microlens 101 corresponds to the position of each projection microlens 301 one-to-one, and the focal length of at least a portion of the pre-converging microlenses 101 is different from the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301. That is, the focal length of each pre-converging microlens 101 and the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301 do not simultaneously have a specific size relationship. In other words, the focal length of the projection microlens 301 can be greater than the focal length of a certain pre-converging microlens 101 in the pre-converging microlens array 10, or can be less than or equal to the focal length of a certain pre-converging microlens 101. The difference in focal length between the pre-converging microlens 101 and the projection microlens 301 results in a difference in the phase modulation amount of the same light beam, thereby improving the light beam control capability, realizing different light beam patterns 102, and meeting different projection requirements.

[0074] Specifically, the focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101 and the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301 satisfy the following relationship: the focal length of some pre-converging microlenses 101 is the same as the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301, and the focal length of another part of the pre-converging microlenses 101 is smaller than the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301; or, the focal length of some pre-converging microlenses 101 is the same as the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301, and the focal length of another part of the pre-converging microlenses 101 is larger than the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301; or, the focal length of the first part of the pre-converging microlenses 101 is the same as the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens 301. The focal lengths of the pre-converging microlenses 101 and the projection microlenses 301 are the same, the focal lengths of the second portion of the pre-converging microlenses 101 are smaller than the focal lengths of the corresponding projection microlenses 301, and the focal lengths of the third portion of the pre-converging microlenses 101 are larger than the focal lengths of the corresponding projection microlenses 301; alternatively, the focal lengths of some of the pre-converging microlenses 101 are smaller than the focal lengths of the corresponding projection microlenses 301, and the focal lengths of another portion of the pre-converging microlenses 101 are larger than the focal lengths of the corresponding projection microlenses 301; alternatively, the focal lengths of all the pre-converging microlenses 101 are smaller than the focal lengths of the corresponding projection microlenses 301; alternatively, the focal lengths of all the pre-converging microlenses 101 are larger than the focal lengths of the corresponding projection microlenses 301.

[0075] In some embodiments, the shading member 20 is further provided with a shading area 22, which is located around the light-transmitting area 21. The shading area 22 is suitable for blocking light, and the number of the preset patterns 202 is multiple, such as Figure 8 and Figure 12 The low light transmittance of the shading area 22 can effectively block non-target light, such as ambient light and reflected light within the system, thereby reducing background noise and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the microlens optical system 1. Figure 16B As shown, a single shading structure in the shading member 20 is illustrated. The shading area 22 is arranged on the peripheral side of the light-transmitting area 21 to provide directionally blocked edge stray light to prevent stray light from interfering with the core light path. That is, the shading area 22 is arranged around the light-transmitting area 21 to block the edge stray light of the light beam pattern 102, so that the boundary of the light beam pattern 102 is clearer, thereby enabling the light beam pattern 102 to be finely shaped into the required pattern.

[0076] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the beam pattern 102 is slightly larger than that of the light-transmitting area 21 , so that the light-shielding area 22 can block edge stray light, thereby forming a beam pattern 102 in the shape of the light-transmitting area 21 to meet projection requirements.

[0077] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the focus of the projection microlens 301 is on the light shielding member 20, and f11, f12 and f13 are the focus positions of the projection microlens 301. Figure 5For purposes of exaggeration, f11, f12, and f13 are not physical structures but merely markers of focal point positions, thereby concentrating energy on a specific area of ​​the light shielding member 20 and reducing energy spillover loss. Finally, the coordination of the projection microlens 301 and the light shielding member 20 avoids the use of complex optical components, resulting in a more compact structure and control of the optical path, thereby reducing the volume of the microlens optical system 1.

[0078] In some embodiments, the focal point of at least a portion of the projection microlenses 301 may be located between the light shielding member 20 and the projection microlens array 30 , or the focal point of at least a portion of the projection microlenses 301 may be located between the light shielding member 20 and the pre-converging microlens array 10 .

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the optical axes q1, q2, and q3 of the pre-converging microlenses 101 of the pre-converging microlens array 10 and the optical axes n1, n2, and n3 of the projection microlenses 301 of the corresponding projection microlenses 30 are coincident with or parallel to each other, and are parallel to the Z axis. In addition, the pre-converging microlenses 101 and the projection microlenses 301 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the optical axis direction. Light emitted from the pre-converging microlenses 101 is incident on the corresponding projection microlenses 301, thereby avoiding light crosstalk, avoiding imaging errors, and improving uniform light intensity distribution.

[0080] That is to say, if Figure 3 As shown, the optical axes of the pre-converging microlenses 101 and the projection microlenses 301 are parallel to or coincide with each other, so that each group of corresponding microlenses forms an optical channel, ensuring that the light emitted from the pre-converging microlenses 101 enters the central area of ​​the projection microlens 301, avoiding energy loss due to light deviation, and also ensuring that the angle and position relationship of the light within the pre-converging microlens array 10 and the projection microlens array 30 do not change. This is more suitable for scenarios that require strict optical path matching, improves the accuracy of light propagation, thereby avoiding light crosstalk between adjacent microlenses, and improving the uniformity of the light spot formed by each microlens.

[0081] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the beam pattern 102 generated by the pre-converging microlenses 101 in the pre-converging microlens array 10 projected on the light shielding member 20 is S1 and the area of ​​the single light-transmitting area 21 is S2, which satisfies the following conditions: 0.4≤(S2 / S1)≤0.9. By controlling the area ratio of the light-transmitting area 21 to the beam pattern 102, an optimal balance is achieved between light utilization and imaging quality. If the area ratio is less than 0.4, the area of ​​the light-transmitting area 21 is too small, resulting in loss of light entering the light-transmitting area 21, which may cause the edge of the beam pattern 102 to be distorted. If the area ratio is greater than 0.9, the area of ​​the light-transmitting area 21 approaches the area of ​​the beam pattern 102, which can easily allow stray light to enter the subsequent optical path, forming stray light and increasing the difficulty of correction. Moreover, if the light-transmitting area 21 is too large, it will need to match subsequent components with larger sizes, which will also increase the manufacturing cost and volume of the microlens optical system 1. Therefore, the area ratio is limited to between 0.4 and 0.9 to suppress invalid light and concentrate the effective light in the central area of ​​the light-shielding element 20, ensuring the brightness and clarity of the image. By pre-converging the focal lengths of the microlens array 10 in different directions, beam patterns 102 of various shapes are generated. The area of ​​the beam pattern 102 is similar to that of the light-transmitting area 21, reducing light loss and improving light efficiency.

[0082] The principle of the microlens optical system 1 provided in the present application is that the pre-converging microlens array 10 pre-converges the incident light so that the light beam pattern 102 is pre-converged to the focal position. The focal point is located in front of the shading element 20. The light emitted from the focal position is then projected along the optical axis direction to the light-transmitting area 21 of the shading element 20. At this time, the shape of the light beam pattern 102 is similar to that of the light-transmitting area 21 of the shading element 20, but the area of ​​the light beam pattern 102 is slightly larger than the area of ​​the light-transmitting area 21. A light-shielding area 22 is provided on the peripheral side of the light-transmitting area 21. The light-shielding area 22 blocks the edge stray light of the light beam pattern 102, so that the effective light passes through the light-transmitting area 21 and enters the projection microlens array 30. The effective light is imaged after passing through the projection microlens array 30, thereby meeting the projection requirements.

[0083] Specifically, if Figures 16A-16D As shown, Figure 16A What is shown is the beam pattern 102 formed by the pre-converging micro lens array 10, as shown in FIG. Figure 16C As shown, the beam pattern 102 is slightly larger than the light-transmitting area 21, and there is edge stray light around the beam pattern 102. It can be clearly seen that the beam pattern 102 is slightly larger than the light-transmitting area 21. Figure 16B The shape of the light-transmitting area 21 of the light-shielding element 20 is shown. Figure 16DThe image shown is the image of the light beam pattern 102 after passing through the light shielding member 20. Therefore, the pre-converging microlens array 10 pre-forms the light beam pattern 102 and pre-shapes the light beam pattern 102 so that it can be close to the shape of the light-transmitting area 21. The light shielding member 20 then eliminates edge stray light and finely shapes the light beam pattern 102, so that the final image is closer to the shape of the light-transmitting area 21, minimizing the stray light area, thereby reducing light loss and improving light efficiency.

[0084] The present application also provides a light projection device, which includes a projection device or a lighting device, etc., which has a light source and an optical element. Figure 3 As shown, the light projection device also includes a light source 50, a collimating element 40 and the above-mentioned microlens optical system 1. The light source 50 emits incident light, and the collimating element 40 is arranged on the light incident side of the pre-converging microlens array 10. It can convert the divergent light emitted by the light source 50 into a parallel light beam, so that the light beam is incident parallel to the optical axis of the pre-converging microlens array 10, avoiding the light from being incident at a large angle, reducing the light loss and energy scattering caused by the excessive incident angle, and improving the utilization rate of the light. Moreover, the parallel light makes the light intensity distribution of the light received by each pre-converging microlens 101 more uniform.

[0085] In some embodiments, the collimating element 40 is implemented as a collimating lens, which can convert the divergent light beam emitted by the light source 50 into a parallel light beam, thereby improving the directionality of the light beam. The light beam emitted through the collimating lens has more concentrated energy, thereby reducing energy loss caused by beam scattering.

[0086] The present application also provides an electronic device, which includes the above-mentioned light projection device. The electronic device can be used in an aircraft, a robot or a vehicle, and the electronic device can also be an aircraft, a robot or a vehicle.

[0087] Example 1

[0088] A microlens optical system 1 in low beam mode includes a pre-converging microlens array 10, a light shielding member 20, and a projection microlens array 30 sequentially arranged along the light beam exit direction. The pre-converging microlens array 10 includes a plurality of pre-converging microlenses 101. The pre-converging microlens array 10 is located on the light exit side of the collimating element 40. Each pre-converging microlens 101 is capable of pre-converging the light beam projected by the light source 50 and emitted from the collimating element 40. The formed light beam pattern 102 is pre-converged to a focal position, wherein the light beam patterns 102 of at least two pre-converging microlenses 101 are different. The light shielding member 20 is located on the light exit side of the pre-converging microlens array 10. The light shielding member 20 is provided with a light-transmitting area 21 and a light-transmitting area 22. 1 forms a preset pattern 202, and the focal point of each pre-converging microlens 101 is located in front of the light shielding member 20, so that the light beam pattern 102 is projected from the focal position along the optical axis to the light beam receiving surface 201 of the light shielding member 20, and each light beam pattern 102 received by the light beam receiving surface 201 is similar in shape and / or size to its corresponding light-transmitting area 21. The horizontal focal length x and the vertical focal length y of the pre-converging microlens 101 are different, so as to form light beam patterns 102 of different shapes. After the light beam pattern 102 passes through the light shielding member 20, the edge stray light is removed, so as to form a pattern light spot consistent with the preset pattern 202 of the light shielding member 20; the pattern light spot is projected by the projection microlens array 30 and then imaged.

[0089] When the microlens optical system 1 is in the low beam mode, the pre-converging microlens 101 of the pre-converging microlens array 10 has a square bottom with a side length d of 200 μm*200 μm. The pre-converging microlens array 10 forms a beam pattern 102 in front of the light shielding member 20. The beam pattern 102 is similar in shape to the light transmission area 21 of the light shielding member 20, but the area of ​​the beam pattern 102 is slightly larger than the area of ​​the light transmission area 21. The beam pattern 102 is as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown, the shape of the preset pattern 202 is as follows Figure 8 As shown, the distance D1 between the pre-converging microlens array 10 and the light shielding member 20 is 0.65 mm, that is, the distance between the bottom surface of the pre-converging microlens 101 and the light shielding member 20. The bottom surface of the pre-converging microlens 101 is where the microlens curved surface ends.

[0090] Among them, such as Figure 8 As shown, the light shielding element 20 is composed of a number of minimal repeating units. These minimal repeating units are not limited to these and can be arranged in other combinations. When the minimal repeating units are arranged according to a specific pattern, the focal length of the microlenses is modulated to ultimately form a specific beam distribution in the target area. The minimal repeating unit is the smallest, indivisible unit of the light shielding element 20 and has an independent optical function. The shape, size, and arrangement of the minimal repeating unit directly determine the beam modulation effect of the pre-converging microlens array 10.

[0091] A light projection device includes a light source 50, a collimating element 40, and the above-mentioned microlens optical system 1, which are arranged in sequence along the optical axis. The light source 50 is used to project a light beam to the light incident side of the collimating element 40. The collimating element 40 is used to improve the collimation and focusing ability of the light beam. The light source 50, the collimating element 40, and the microlens optical system 1 are arranged along the optical axis, and the microlens optical system 1 is arranged on the light exit side of the collimating element 40.

[0092] As shown in Table 1, the horizontal direction represents the horizontal length of the light-transmitting area 21, as shown in Table 2, the vertical direction represents the vertical length of the light-transmitting area 21, as shown in Table 3, the area of ​​the light-transmitting area represents the area S2 of the light-transmitting area 21, the horizontal focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101 is shown in Table 4, the vertical focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101 is shown in Table 5, the area of ​​the light beam pattern 102 generated by the pre-converging microlens 101 is shown in Table 6, and the pattern generated by the light beam passing through the light-shielding member 20 is shown in Table 6. Figure 10 As shown, the focal length of the projection microlens 301 is 0.41 mm, and the image formed by the light beam passing through the projection microlens array 30 is as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown, the simulation results show that the lighting efficiency is 44.33%.

[0093] Table 1

[0094]

[0095] Table 2

[0096]

[0097] Table 3

[0098]

[0099] Table 4

[0100]

[0101] Table 5

[0102]

[0103] Table 6

[0104]

[0105] Among them, according to the data in Table 1, it can be concluded that the area S1 of the beam pattern 102 and the area S2 of the light-transmitting area 21 satisfy 0.4≤(S2 / S1)≤0.9. By controlling the area ratio of the light-transmitting area 21 to the beam pattern 102, the balance between light utilization and imaging quality is optimized. When the ratio is close to 1: the light-transmitting area 21 almost covers the entire beam pattern 102, and the light utilization rate is high, but the lack of shading may lead to more stray light and reduced imaging quality; when the ratio is small, the light-transmitting area 21 only retains the central part of the beam pattern 102, and the imaging quality is improved by blocking the edge stray light, but the light utilization rate is reduced, which leads to energy loss.

[0106] Specifically, the radius of curvature of the microlens directly affects its refraction and reflection angles of light. When the radius of curvature is small, the curved surface of the microlens is steeper, the light deflection angle becomes larger, and it is easy to form a concentrated light spot. When the radius of curvature is large, the curved surface of the microlens is flatter, the light deflection angle becomes smaller, and it is easy to form a divergent light spot. By combining microlenses with different curvature radii, a microlens array with different focal lengths is obtained. The light-shielding member 20 has a light-transmitting area 21, and the light-transmitting area 21 has a pattern. The side of the pattern is a light-dark cutoff line. The light-dark cutoff line is used to separate the illuminated area from the non-illuminated area. By blocking or transmitting light in a specific area, a preset light-dark distribution is formed on the target surface. Ineffective light is accurately blocked to prevent light from being projected into the ineffective area, and light energy is concentrated in the effective illumination area, thereby improving light utilization and reducing light loss. At the same time, the illuminated area and the non-illuminated area are clearly divided, forming a light spot with a clearer boundary to improve light efficiency.

[0107] Example 2

[0108] When the microlens optical system 1 is in the high beam mode, the pre-converging microlens 101 of the pre-converging microlens array 10 has a square bottom with a side length d of 200 μm*200 μm. The pre-converging microlens array 10 forms a beam pattern 102 in front of the light shielding member 20. The shape of the beam pattern 102 is almost the same as that of the light-transmitting area 21 of the light shielding member 20, but the area of ​​the beam pattern 102 is slightly larger than that of the light-transmitting area 21. The beam pattern 102 formed is as shown in FIG. Figure 13 As shown, the shape of the light-transmitting area 21 is as follows Figure 12 shown.

[0109] The smallest repeating unit of the light shielding element 20 is as follows: Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12As an example only, the minimum unit of the shading element 20 is not limited to this. The minimum repeating unit is the smallest unit of the shading element 20 that cannot be divided any further and has an independent optical function. The shape, size and arrangement of the minimum repeating unit directly determine the beam adjustment effect of the pre-converging microlens array 10. By adjusting the focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101, the beam distribution required for the high beam can be achieved.

[0110] As shown in Table 7, the horizontal direction represents the horizontal length of the light-transmitting area 21, as shown in Table 8, the vertical direction represents the vertical length of the light-transmitting area 21, and the area of ​​the light-transmitting area 21 of the light-shielding member 20 is S2. Table 9 shows the horizontal focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101, as shown in Table 10, the vertical focal length of the pre-converging microlens 101 is as shown in Table 11, the area of ​​the light beam pattern 102 generated by the pre-converging microlens 101 is S1, as shown in Table 12, the focal length of the projection microlens 301 is 0.394 mm, and the image formed by the light beam passing through the light-shielding member 20 is as shown in Table 13. Figure 14 As shown, the final imaging of the microlens optical system 1 is as follows Figure 15 As shown, the simulation results show that the light efficiency is 52.27%.

[0111] Table 7

[0112]

[0113] Table 8

[0114]

[0115] Table 9

[0116]

[0117] Table 10

[0118]

[0119] Table 11

[0120]

[0121] Table 12

[0122]

[0123] A thorough analysis of the data in Table 2 reveals that, in high-beam mode, the area S1 of beam pattern 102 and the area S2 of light-transmitting area 21 satisfy 0.4 ≤ (S2 / S1) ≤ 0.9. By controlling the area ratio of light-transmitting area 21 to beam pattern 102, an optimal balance between light utilization and image quality is achieved. Specifically, when this ratio approaches 1, meaning that light-transmitting area 21 nearly completely covers beam pattern 102, while maximizing light collection efficiency and improving overall system brightness, the lack of an effective light-shielding mechanism can lead to a significant influx of stray light, resulting in reduced image contrast and impaired edge sharpness. Conversely, if the ratio decreases significantly, light-transmitting area 21 retains only the core area of ​​beam pattern 102. By precisely shielding light from the edges, stray light interference is effectively suppressed, significantly improving image clarity and signal-to-noise ratio. However, this strategy inevitably sacrifices some light energy, resulting in a reduction in overall system brightness. Determining this proportional relationship provides an important reference for optimizing optical system parameters in different application scenarios.

[0124] Specifically, the light-shielding member 20 can be implemented as a film, which is composed of a transparent base and a photosensitive emulsion layer coated on the surface. The photosensitive emulsion contains silver halide particles, which can undergo a chemical reaction when exposed to light to form a latent image, which becomes a visible image after development, fixing and other washing processes. In addition, the light-shielding member 20 can also be implemented as a light-shielding hood or an optical mask. The material and type of the light-shielding member 20 are not limited here, and can be selected according to actual usage requirements.

[0125] Example 3

[0126] Among them, the low beam mode and the high beam mode are combined to construct a micro-lens optical system 1 with a mode switching function. The light source 50 is an array light source, and the array light source can control the local light source to emit or turn off, thereby forming a micro-lens optical system 1 with high and low beam switchability. The pre-converging micro-lens array 10 makes a preliminary adjustment to the light so that the formed beam pattern 102 is closer to the shape of the light-transmitting area 21 of the shading member 20. The projection micro-lens array 30 performs a secondary focusing on the light and adjusts the optical path. The low beam mode and the high beam mode are integrated to form a micro-lens optical system that can switch back and forth between low beam and high beam. The microlens optical system 1 is configured to realize the switching of the light path between near and far. The shading element 20 is obtained by integrating the shading element 20 for the low beam mode and the shading element 20 for the high beam mode. By partitioning the shading to match different working states, the focal length of the projection microlens 301 remains unchanged, so that the light path of the projection microlens array 30 can be unified regardless of whether it is in the low beam mode or the high beam mode, avoiding the confusion of the light path due to the focal length difference, and thus achieving stable output of the light beam after the mode is switched. The two lighting modes are realized in the same microlens optical system 1, avoiding the need to set up multiple independent optical systems, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0127] Comparative Example

[0128] In the comparative example, the distance D1 between the light shielding member 20 and the pre-converging micro-lens array 10 is equal to the focal length of the pre-converging micro-lens array 10, that is, the focus of the pre-converging micro-lens array 10 is on the light shielding member 20. Figures 17-20 As shown, the beam pattern 102 generated by the pre-converging microlens array 10 is as shown in FIG. Figure 17 As shown, the shape of the light-transmitting area 21 on the light-shielding member 20 is as follows: Figure 18 As shown, the shape and / or size of the beam pattern 102 is quite different from the shape of the light-transmitting area 21. The pattern generated by the beam passing through the light-shielding member 20 is as shown in FIG. Figure 19 As shown, Figure 20 The light beam is imaged by the projection micro-lens array 30 , and its light efficiency is only 31.2%, which is relatively low.

[0129] The above describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and the specification merely illustrate the principles of the present application. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present application for which protection is sought. The scope of protection claimed by the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microlens optical system, characterized in that: include: a pre-converging microlens array, the pre-converging microlens array comprising a plurality of pre-converging microlenses, each of the pre-converging microlenses being capable of pre-converging incident light and pre-shaping the incident light, so that the formed light beam pattern is pre-converged at the focal position of the pre-converging microlens, at least two of the pre-converging microlenses having different focal lengths, wherein the light beam patterns formed by at least two of the pre-converging microlenses are different; a light shielding member located on the light-emitting side of the pre-converging microlens array, the light shielding member being provided with a light-transmitting area, the shape of the light-transmitting area forming a preset pattern, the focal point of each of the pre-converging microlenses being located between the pre-converging microlens and the light shielding member, so that the light beam pattern is projected from the focal position along the optical axis to the light beam receiving surface of the light shielding member, wherein at least two of the preset patterns have different shapes and / or sizes; A projection microlens array is provided on the light-emitting side of the light-shielding element. The projection microlens array is provided with a plurality of projection microlenses for projecting light passing through the light-shielding element into an image.

2. The microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the pre-converging microlenses has a corresponding horizontal focal length and vertical focal length, and at least two of the pre-converging microlenses have different horizontal focal lengths and different vertical focal lengths.

3. The microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the pre-converging microlenses has a corresponding horizontal focal length and a vertical focal length, and the horizontal focal lengths of at least two of the pre-converging microlenses are different from their corresponding vertical focal lengths.

4. The microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein: For the preset patterns of two different shapes and / or sizes, the horizontal focal lengths and / or vertical focal lengths of the two corresponding pre-converging microlenses are different.

5. The microlens optical system according to claim 4, wherein: When the horizontal focal length is smaller than the vertical focal length, the horizontal length of the light beam pattern projected on the shading member is greater than the vertical length, and the corresponding horizontal length of the preset pattern is greater than the vertical length; or When the horizontal focal length is greater than the vertical focal length, the horizontal length of the light beam pattern projected on the shading element is smaller than the vertical length, and the corresponding horizontal length of the preset pattern is smaller than the vertical length.

6. The microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein: The horizontal focal lengths of the projection micro lenses are the same, and the vertical focal lengths of the projection micro lenses are the same.

7. The microlens optical system according to claim 6, wherein: The focus of each of the projection micro lenses is located on the light shielding member.

8. The microlens optical system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The horizontal focal length x of the pre-converging microlens satisfies: 1.73*d≤x≤2.88*d, and the vertical focal length y satisfies: 1.73*d≤y≤2.88*d, where d is the side length of the pre-converging microlens.

9. The microlens optical system according to claim 8, wherein: The horizontal focal length x and the vertical focal length y of the pre-converging microlens satisfy the following conditions: 1.73*d≤x≤y≤2.88*d.

10. The microlens optical system according to claim 8, wherein: The horizontal length of the preset pattern is h, the vertical length of the preset pattern is v, and at least 50% of the pre-converging microlenses satisfy: 0.8*(h / v)≥(x / y)≥0.45*(h / v).

11. The microlens optical system according to claim 10, wherein: At least 90% of the pre-converging microlenses satisfy: 0.9*(h / v)≥(x / y)≥0.15*(h / v).

12. The microlens optical system according to claim 8, wherein: The distance between the shading member and the horizontal focus of the pre-converging microlens along the optical axis is Lx, which satisfies: 0.8*d≤Lx≤1.8*d; the distance between the shading member and the vertical focus of the pre-converging microlens along the optical axis is Ly, which satisfies: 0.8*d≤Ly≤1.8*d.

13. The microlens optical system according to claim 12, wherein: Lx and Ly satisfy: 0.8*d≤Ly≤Lx≤1.8*d.

14. The microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein: The side length d of the pre-converging microlens satisfies: 100 μm≤d≤300 μm.

15. The microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein: The position of each of the pre-converging microlenses corresponds to the position of each of the projection microlenses one by one, and the focal length of at least a portion of the pre-converging microlenses is different from the focal length of the corresponding projection microlens.

16. The microlens optical system according to claim 1, wherein: The shading member is further provided with a shading area, which is located around the light-transmitting area. The shading area is suitable for blocking edge stray light of the beam pattern and shaping the beam image, and the number of the preset patterns is multiple.

17. The microlens optical system according to claim 15, wherein: A distance D1 between the light shielding member and the pre-converging micro-lens array and a distance D2 between the light shielding member and the projection micro-lens array satisfy the following: D1>D2.

18. The microlens optical system according to claim 15, wherein: A distance D1 between the light shielding member and the pre-converging micro-lens array and a distance D2 between the light shielding member and the projection micro-lens array satisfy the following: D1≤D2.

19. The microlens optical system according to claim 8, wherein: The optical axes of the pre-converging microlenses of the pre-converging microlens array and the optical axes of the corresponding projection microlenses of the projection microlens array coincide with or are parallel to each other, and the pre-converging microlenses and the projection microlenses are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence along the optical axis direction, so that light emitted from the pre-converging microlenses is incident on the corresponding projection microlenses.

20. The microlens optical system according to claim 19, wherein: The area of ​​the light beam pattern generated by a single pre-converging microlens projected on the light shielding member is S1 and the area of ​​the corresponding single light-transmitting area is S2, which satisfies the following: 0.4≤(S2 / S1)≤0.

9.

21. A light projection device, characterized in that include: A light source, wherein the light source emits light that is incident on the microlens optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. The light projection device according to claim 21, wherein The light projection device further includes a collimating element, which is arranged on the light incident side of the pre-converging micro-lens array, so that the outgoing light of the light source is horizontally incident on the pre-converging micro-lens array.

23. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the light projection device according to any one of claims 21-22.

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