AutoCAD-based structural stair integrated design system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an AutoCAD (Autocomputer-aided design)-based structural stair integrated design system and method, which are characterized in that an MVVM (Model Visual Virtual Machine) architecture is completed by nesting UserControl in Winform, a data type corresponding to a stair flight is established on the basis of an input mode including interactive clicking and setting reading and on the basis of a self-defined independent modification mode, and the integrated design of a structural stair is completed; compared with a traditional design method, the method has the advantages that the design efficiency is relatively higher, and the error rate is relatively lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building modeling, and in particular to an AutoCAD-based structural stair integrated design system and method. Background Art

[0002] Existing structural stair calculations are mostly based on independent software, such as Explorer, MorGain, and Lizheng. During use, this type of software requires manual input of the stair tread type and naming of the stair treads, and each stair section needs to be entered separately. The input information is too complicated and prone to errors.

[0003] Others, such as Msteel, although they have some point-and-click capabilities based on signing in to AutoCAD, can only calculate AT type ladder treads and are not suitable for general engineering design.

[0004] In addition, these existing calculation tools usually distribute the load of the step section evenly across the entire stair section as a fully distributed uniform load to calculate the bending moment under different support conditions for reinforcement design. However, due to the different load distribution areas, simply distributing the load evenly is risky and requires a more refined design.

[0005] At the same time, these softwares only perform structural calculations on separate stair treads and are unable to establish an actual integrated stair model. Structural engineers need to spend extra time drawing construction drawings and performing net university verification. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an AutoCAD-based integrated design system and method for structural stairs. Compared with traditional design methods, the present invention has the advantages of relatively higher design efficiency and relatively lower error rate.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is an AutoCAD-based integrated design system for structural stairs, which uses WinForm nested UserControl to complete the MVVM architecture, establishes the data type corresponding to the stair section based on input methods including interactive selection and reading settings, and customizes the individual modification method to complete the integrated design of the structural stairs;

[0008] The system includes a dynamic data synchronization module, an interactive parameter acquisition module, an intelligent parametric modeling module, a configuration management module, an encapsulation module and a stair segment data module;

[0009] The dynamic data synchronization module uses the StairViewModel class as the core carrier and integrates the INotifyPropertyChanged interface to build a real-time notification subsystem; establishes a multi-dimensional parameter mapping system to achieve automatic synchronization between data models and UI components, and triggers real-time refresh of interface elements through property change events;

[0010] The interactive parameter acquisition module uses an event-driven mechanism to realize the point entity capture of the AutoCAD graphical interface, and supports picking up the coordinates of the starting and ending points of the stair sections and steps in the building section drawing for subsequent use;

[0011] The intelligent parametric modeling module is used to achieve real-time synchronization of stair segment geometric parameters and structural calculation models, and provides a segment-level configuration isolation mechanism to independently set special segment parameters;

[0012] The configuration management module uses INI and JSON file formats to achieve persistent storage of design templates, supporting fast switching between multiple projects or multiple ladder sections;

[0013] The encapsulation module encapsulates core algorithms including ladder slab setting synchronization, reinforcement calculation engine, and drawing generation into independent service components. By adopting the MVVM design pattern to separate concerns, it ensures a decoupled architecture between the UI interaction layer and the computing core.

[0014] The stair data module is used to construct different stair data types, including a plurality of corresponding function modules.

[0015] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated structural staircase design system, the staircase data module includes a geometric modeling module, a load analysis module, a support constraint module, a bearing capacity limit state design module, a normal service limit state analysis module, and a plane layout module;

[0016] The geometric modeling module uses interactive user input to model the stair control points, calculates the spatial parameters of at least the stair segments, platforms, and steps, establishes linkages between components, and supports automatic updating of the geometric properties of the associated models.

[0017] The load analysis module integrates a constant load spatial distribution calculation unit, and uses a partition calculation algorithm to achieve refined distribution modeling within the load action surface through user section parameter input and calculation results of the geometric modeling module;

[0018] The support constraint module establishes a boundary condition library including elastic supports, fixed supports, hinged supports, and sliding supports. It sets the support moment coefficient, reaction coefficient, and deflection coefficient according to the user-specified support conditions, and calculates the support reaction force and bending moment, providing a complete mechanical response evaluation for structural analysis.

[0019] The ultimate limit state design module uses a reinforcement optimization algorithm based on GB50010 to configure longitudinal reinforcement according to the mid-span section, support edge, and ladder plate distribution area. It also integrates a shear capacity verification subroutine to quantitatively compare the actual shear force of the structure with the maximum shear capacity calculated based on the concrete and stirrup bearing capacity, and automatically outputs design judgment results that meet code requirements.

[0020] The serviceability limit state analysis module uses a cracking load calculation model to accurately calculate the crack widths in the mid-span and support sections. It also uses the deflection superposition principle to calculate the tread deformation under tread stiffness, outputs the deflection-to-span ratio, compares it to the limit requirements, and generates a durability assessment report.

[0021] The plan layout module constructs a parametric plan generation engine, automatically draws stair plan construction drawings and stair plan layout drawings, and integrates an adaptive annotation system to ensure that the drawings comply with drawing standards.

[0022] An integrated design method for structural stairs based on AutoCAD includes the following steps:

[0023] A. Initialize the model geometry based on user interactive parameter input of stair control points;

[0024] B. Calculate the internal force of the stair section in detail based on the input load;

[0025] C. Perform overall modeling based on multiple stair treads to create plan and section stairs.

[0026] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated staircase design method, the model geometry is initialized by interactively inputting staircase control points based on user parameters in step A. Based on the interactive parameter acquisition module, the user inputs corresponding control points 1-4 and staircase width data for different staircase types. The specific contents are as follows:

[0027] A1. Calculate the length of the lower platform and the height of the first step of the stair section based on control points 1 and 2.

[0028] A2. Calculate the step length, inclined plate angle, number of steps, and step height based on control points 2 and 3 and the input stair width.

[0029] A3. Calculate the length of the upper platform and the height of the last step of the stair section based on control points 3 and 4.

[0030] A4. Calculate core parameters including total length of stair section, number of steps, average step height and tread thickness based on four control points;

[0031] A5. Establish corresponding geometric attributes based on the four control points, where the geometric attributes include general attributes and calculated attributes;

[0032] A6. Determine stair type: Automatically determine the stair type based on the calculated upper and lower landing lengths, and determine whether sliding bearings are required based on the support condition settings.

[0033] A7. Load parameter synchronization: Synchronize linear dead load, uniform live load, surface layer / plastering parameters to the load module of the stair section;

[0034] A8. Initialize the support and material parameters to the ladder plate synchronously;

[0035] A9. Exception handling.

[0036] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated design method for structural stairs, the geometric attributes specifically include:

[0037] General attributes, including at least the direction of the stair segment, the length of the stair segment, and the angle between the stair segment and the x-axis;

[0038] Calculation properties include at least calculation length, average thickness, effective height of section subjected to bending, and effective height of section subjected to deflection.

[0039] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated design method for structural stairs, the exception handling described in A9 is specifically as follows:

[0040] Type compatibility verification: when the support condition is "low-end sliding and high-end elastic", check whether the stair type is AT / CT;

[0041] The lower limit of thickness protection is to ensure that the ladder tread thickness is not less than 100mm through Math.Max(...,100).

[0042] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated staircase design method, step B involves calculating the staircase internal forces based on the input loads and performing the staircase bending moment calculation based on the actual layout range of the input loads. The specific details are as follows:

[0043] B1. Calculate the loads in different areas using the synchronized load parameters.

[0044] B2. Calculate the corresponding mid-span bending moment and support reaction according to different load and support conditions;

[0045] B3. Superimpose the mid-span bending moments and support reactions under different conditions respectively, and convert them into the equivalent uniformly distributed load of the full stair section length for the ultimate limit state verification of bearing capacity and the normal use limit state verification.

[0046] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated staircase design method, step C of integrally modeling multiple stair treads to create plan and cross-sectional staircases is characterized by:

[0047] C1. Sort all stair sections according to their high platform elevations, bind the upper platform to the stair section, and bind the lower platform to the upper platform of the lower stair section using an error verification mechanism.

[0048] C2. Initialize the plan layout of the main stair section based on the upper and lower stair sections and platform plate data;

[0049] C3. The user selects the staircase boundary point where the positive and negative zero points of the stairs are located, completes the platform plate module and calculates the elevation of the platform plate;

[0050] C4. Draw a floor plan based on the established overall model;

[0051] C5. Draw the clear height control lines and bottom control lines of each stair section based on the established overall model, calculate the collision and display the violation areas in the drawing.

[0052] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated design method for structural stairs, the specific contents of C1 are as follows:

[0053] C1.1. Sorting of stair platform elevations: Arrange in ascending order by the Y coordinate of the starting point, ensuring processing from low to high, and rename according to the principle of "{prefix}{type}{serial number}";

[0054] C1.2. Binding upper / lower platform: The upper platform of each stair section is directly associated with its high platform elevation. i ) of the lower platform elevation (H low,i ), need to be connected with the next step (S i+1 ) of the upper platform elevation (H high,i+1 ) comparison, if the error exceeds the limit, a warning is triggered and the user is prompted to make adjustments;

[0055] C1.3. Lower platform processing: A new platform is created for the first stair section; then a check is made to see whether the upper platform of the previous stair section is shared. If the coordinates match, the platform is shared; otherwise, a new platform is created and a prompt is displayed.

[0056] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated design method for structural stairs, the specific contents of C3 are as follows:

[0057] C3.1、Benchmark point setting:

[0058] C3.1.1. The user selects the positive and negative zero boundary points on the left (pprLeft.Value) and right (pprRight.Value), and the difference in the Y coordinates of the two points must be less than or equal to the system vertical tolerance value.

[0059] C3.1.2. The datum elevation is defined as the Y coordinate of the boundary point;

[0060] C3.2. Calculation of ladder tread parameters:

[0061] For each riser, do the following:

[0062] C3.2.1. Calculation of platform plate length:

[0063] By comparing the distance difference between the control point and the starting point / end point, the effective length of the platform plate in the extension direction is calculated;

[0064] When in the forward direction, the left platform is the distance from the starting point to the left control point, and the right platform is the distance from the right control point to the end point;

[0065] When reversing, the left platform turns into the distance from the starting point to the right control point, and the right platform turns into the distance from the left control point to the end point;

[0066] C3.2.1. Elevation conversion:

[0067] LowerPlate.Elevation=(StairStartPoint.Y-ZeroElevation) / 1000;

[0068] HigherPlate.Elevation=(StairEndPoint.Y-ZeroElevation) / 1000.

[0069] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated design method for structural stairs, the specific contents of C4 are as follows:

[0070] C4.1. Draw the main stair section and label it: Draw the main stair section plate in the stair section direction based on the step width and the stair section width. The edge lines form the outline of the two sides of the stair section. The treads are generated along the X direction with a line every StepWidth as the step edge. The text position is calculated based on the direction and the total length of the stair section, and the name is displayed in the center.

[0071] C4.2. Draw an axis: The axis is used to define the structural outline of the staircase. The coordinates are calculated using vectors. Use the line tool to connect the axis endpoints to form a rectangular frame.

[0072] C4.3. Draw the dimension line of the main stair section: Generate the dimension line of the main stair section starting from the axis, with the dimension direction perpendicular to the X-axis (upward or downward by default, depending on the ConstantUtil configuration); the prefix format is such as 300x25 = represents the step width × number;

[0073] C4.4. Processing sub-stairs: First determine whether a sub-stair exists. If so, draw it as in C4.1, generate a section line to divide the stair sections, and then mark them.

[0074] C4.5. Platform Plate Generation and Adjustment: Calculate the platform width (PlateWidth = Upper Stair Width + Lower Stair Width + Stairwell Width + Upper Beam Width + Lower Beam Width). Determine the corner coordinates using the combined offsets of the stair width, well width, and beam width. Generate the position and shape of building components (such as platform plates, beams, and columns) through structured geometry calculations. Finally, integrate all primitives into PlatformEntities for subsequent rendering or output.

[0075] C4.6, Direction Mirroring and Final Adjustment: Determine whether to mirror the entire layout based on the parameter upWardDirection (which may indicate the up and down direction); translate all entities as a whole to the specified BasePoint to complete the layout positioning.

[0076] In the aforementioned AutoCAD-based integrated design method for structural stairs, the specific contents of C5 are as follows:

[0077] C5.1. Current layer processing: Generate the bottom control line of the current stair tread (the direction of the thickness line is determined by _thicknessVector, perpendicular to the step direction, and whether to add additional vertices is determined based on the beam width / height conditions);

[0078] C5.2. Obtain the top control lines of the next two stair treads (if any) (generated according to the horizontal direction of the stair treads as required by the specification);

[0079] C5.3. Calculate the intersection point set intersectPoints1 of the two lines. If an intersection point exists, draw a collision circle and add a prompt message.

[0080] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0081] 1. Significantly improved design efficiency:

[0082] Traditional design requires manual input of dozens of parameters and repeated verification. This invention reduces the design time of a single staircase from ten minutes to a few mouse clicks through point-and-click modeling and parameter reuse, greatly improving efficiency.

[0083] By redrawing the staircase plane, the complicated work of processing layers, labeling and cleaning, and drawing verification in the original structure stair construction drawing is greatly reduced;

[0084] For multi-flight continuous staircases, such as those with more than ten flights, the time required to complete the structural construction drawing (including calculation of stair treads, horizontal section annotation, and drawing of horizontal stair beams and columns) has been reduced from half a day to ten minutes.

[0085] 2. The error rate is greatly reduced:

[0086] The clear height is verified by the overall model, avoiding the collision problem that occurs in traditional methods;

[0087] By drawing the actual plane of the stairs through the overall model, construction problems caused by discrepancies between the plan and section of the original architectural drawings are completely avoided.

[0088] In summary, the present invention has the advantages of relatively higher design efficiency and relatively lower cutting error rate compared with the traditional design method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0089] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of control points of different types of stair sections in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the uniformly distributed load range in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of drawing a stair plan in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0093] Example: An integrated structural staircase design system based on AutoCAD, using WinForm nested UserControl to complete the MVVM architecture, using input methods including interactive selection and reading settings, and establishing the data type corresponding to the stair section based on a custom, individually modified method to complete the integrated design of the structural staircase;

[0094] The system includes a dynamic data synchronization module, an interactive parameter acquisition module, an intelligent parametric modeling module, a configuration management module, an encapsulation module and a stair segment data module;

[0095] The dynamic data synchronization module uses the StairViewModel class as the core carrier and integrates the INotifyPropertyChanged interface to build a real-time notification subsystem; establishes a multi-dimensional parameter mapping system to achieve automatic synchronization between data models and UI components, and triggers real-time refresh of interface elements through property change events;

[0096] The interactive parameter acquisition module uses an event-driven mechanism to realize the point entity capture of the AutoCAD graphical interface, and supports picking up the coordinates of the starting and ending points of the stair sections and steps in the building section drawing for subsequent use;

[0097] The intelligent parametric modeling module is used to achieve real-time synchronization of stair segment geometric parameters and structural calculation models, and provides a segment-level configuration isolation mechanism to independently set special segment parameters;

[0098] The configuration management module uses INI and JSON file formats to achieve persistent storage of design templates, supporting fast switching between multiple projects or multiple ladder sections;

[0099] The encapsulation module encapsulates core algorithms including ladder slab setting synchronization, reinforcement calculation engine, and drawing generation into independent service components. By adopting the MVVM design pattern to separate concerns, it ensures a decoupled architecture between the UI interaction layer and the computing core.

[0100] The stair data module is used to construct different stair data types, including a plurality of corresponding function modules.

[0101] The stair data module includes a geometric modeling module, a load analysis module, a support constraint module, a bearing capacity limit state design module, a normal service limit state analysis module and a plane layout module;

[0102] The geometric modeling module uses interactive user input to model the stair control points, calculates the spatial parameters of at least the stair segments, platforms, and steps, establishes linkages between components, and supports automatic updating of the geometric properties of the associated models.

[0103] The load analysis module integrates a constant load spatial distribution calculation unit, and uses a partition calculation algorithm to achieve refined distribution modeling within the load action surface through user section parameter input and calculation results of the geometric modeling module;

[0104] The support constraint module establishes a boundary condition library including elastic supports, fixed supports, hinged supports, and sliding supports. It sets the support moment coefficient, reaction coefficient, and deflection coefficient according to the user-specified support conditions, and calculates the support reaction force and bending moment, providing a complete mechanical response evaluation for structural analysis.

[0105] The ultimate limit state design module uses a reinforcement optimization algorithm based on GB50010 to configure longitudinal reinforcement according to the mid-span section, support edge, and ladder plate distribution area. It also integrates a shear capacity verification subroutine to quantitatively compare the actual shear force of the structure with the maximum shear capacity calculated based on the concrete and stirrup bearing capacity, and automatically outputs design judgment results that meet code requirements.

[0106] The serviceability limit state analysis module uses a cracking load calculation model to accurately calculate the crack widths in the mid-span and support sections. It also uses the deflection superposition principle to calculate the tread deformation under tread stiffness, outputs the deflection-to-span ratio, compares it to the limit requirements, and generates a durability assessment report.

[0107] The plan layout module constructs a parametric plan generation engine, automatically draws stair plan construction drawings and stair plan layout drawings, and integrates an adaptive annotation system to ensure that the drawings comply with drawing standards.

[0108] An integrated design method for structural stairs based on AutoCAD, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0109] A. Initialize the model geometry based on user interactive parameter input of stair control points;

[0110] B. Calculate the internal force of the stair section in detail based on the input load;

[0111] C. Perform overall modeling based on multiple stair treads to create plan and section stairs.

[0112] In step A, the model geometry is initialized based on the user's interactive parameter input of the stair control points. Based on the interactive parameter acquisition module, the user inputs the corresponding control points 1-4 and stair width data according to different types of stair sections. The specific contents are as follows:

[0113] A1. Calculate the length of the lower platform and the height of the first step of the stair section based on control points 1 and 2.

[0114] A2. Calculate the step length, inclined plate angle, number of steps, and step height based on control points 2 and 3 and the input stair width.

[0115] A3. Calculate the length of the upper platform and the height of the last step of the stair section based on control points 3 and 4.

[0116] A4. Calculate core parameters including total length of stair section, number of steps, average step height and tread thickness based on four control points;

[0117] A5. Establish corresponding geometric attributes based on the four control points, where the geometric attributes include general attributes and calculated attributes;

[0118] A6. Determine stair type: Automatically determine the stair type based on the calculated upper and lower landing lengths, and determine whether sliding bearings are required based on the support condition settings.

[0119] A7. Load parameter synchronization: Synchronize linear dead load, uniform live load, surface layer / plastering parameters to the load module of the stair section;

[0120] A8. Initialize the support and material parameters to the ladder plate synchronously;

[0121] A9. Exception handling.

[0122] The geometric attributes specifically include:

[0123] General attributes, including at least the direction of the stair segment, the length of the stair segment, and the angle between the stair segment and the x-axis;

[0124] Calculation properties include at least calculation length, average thickness, effective height of section subjected to bending, and effective height of section subjected to deflection.

[0125] The exception handling described in A9 is as follows:

[0126] Type compatibility verification: when the support condition is "low-end sliding and high-end elastic", check whether the stair type is AT / CT;

[0127] The lower limit of thickness protection is to ensure that the ladder tread thickness is not less than 100mm through Math.Max(...,100).

[0128] Step B describes the detailed calculation of stair internal forces based on the input load and the calculation of stair bending moments based on the actual layout range of the input load. The specific contents are as follows:

[0129] B1. Calculate the loads in different areas using the synchronized load parameters.

[0130] B2. Calculate the corresponding mid-span bending moment and support reaction according to different load and support conditions;

[0131] B3. Superimpose the mid-span bending moments and support reactions under different conditions respectively, and convert them into the equivalent uniformly distributed load of the full stair section length for the ultimate limit state verification of bearing capacity and the normal use limit state verification.

[0132] The specific contents of B1 are as follows:

[0133] Self-weight of linear loads such as handrails and partition walls g k1 , the scope of action is the entire stair section;

[0134] Step section weight g k2 , the scope of action is the length of the step section;

[0135] Platform plate weight g k3 , the range of action is the length of the platform segment;

[0136] Weight of step surface (g) k4 , the scope of action is the length of the step section;

[0137] Weight of platform surface (g) k5 , the range of action is the length of the platform segment;

[0138] Calculate the weight of the roof in g k6 , the scope of action is the entire stair section.

[0139] The specific contents of B2 are as follows:

[0140]

[0141] Step C describes the overall modeling of multiple stair treads to create the plan and section of the staircase. The details are as follows:

[0142] C1. Sort all stair sections according to their high platform elevations, bind the upper platform to the stair section, and bind the lower platform to the upper platform of the lower stair section using an error verification mechanism.

[0143] C2. Initialize the plan layout of the main stair section based on the upper and lower stair sections and platform plate data;

[0144] C3. The user selects the staircase boundary point where the positive and negative zero points of the stairs are located, completes the platform plate module and calculates the elevation of the platform plate;

[0145] C4. Draw a floor plan based on the established overall model;

[0146] C5. Draw the clear height control lines and bottom control lines of each stair section based on the established overall model, calculate the collision and display the violation areas in the drawing.

[0147] The specific contents of C1 are as follows:

[0148] C1.1. Sorting of stair platform elevations: Arrange in ascending order by the Y coordinate of the starting point, ensuring processing from low to high, and rename according to the principle of "{prefix}{type}{serial number}";

[0149] C1.2. Binding upper / lower platform: The upper platform of each stair section is directly associated with its high platform elevation. i ) of the lower platform elevation (H low,i ), need to be connected with the next step (S i+1 ) of the upper platform elevation (H high,i+1 ) comparison, if the error exceeds the limit, a warning is triggered and the user is prompted to make adjustments;

[0150] C1.3. Lower platform processing: A new platform is created for the first stair section; then a check is made to see whether the upper platform of the previous stair section is shared. If the coordinates match, the platform is shared; otherwise, a new platform is created and a prompt is displayed.

[0151] The specific contents of C3 are as follows:

[0152] C3.1、Benchmark point setting:

[0153] C3.1.1. The user selects the positive and negative zero boundary points on the left (pprLeft.Value) and right (pprRight.Value), and the difference in the Y coordinates of the two points must be less than or equal to the system vertical tolerance value.

[0154] C3.1.2. The datum elevation is defined as the Y coordinate of the boundary point;

[0155] C3.2. Calculation of ladder tread parameters:

[0156] For each riser, do the following:

[0157] C3.2.1. Calculation of platform plate length:

[0158] By comparing the distance difference between the control point and the starting point / end point, the effective length of the platform plate in the extension direction is calculated;

[0159] When in the forward direction, the left platform is the distance from the starting point to the left control point, and the right platform is the distance from the right control point to the end point;

[0160] When reversing, the left platform turns into the distance from the starting point to the right control point, and the right platform turns into the distance from the left control point to the end point;

[0161] C3.2.1. Elevation conversion:

[0162] LowerPlate.Elevation=(StairStartPoint.Y-ZeroElevation) / 1000;

[0163] HigherPlate.Elevation=(StairEndPoint.Y-ZeroElevation) / 1000.

[0164] The specific contents of C4 are as follows:

[0165] C4.1. Draw the main stair section and label it: Draw the main stair section plate in the stair section direction based on the step width and the stair section width. The edge lines form the outline of the two sides of the stair section. The treads are generated along the X direction with a line every StepWidth as the step edge. The text position is calculated based on the direction and the total length of the stair section, and the name is displayed in the center.

[0166] C4.2. Draw an axis: The axis is used to define the structural outline of the staircase. The coordinates are calculated using vectors. Use the line tool to connect the axis endpoints to form a rectangular frame.

[0167] C4.3. Draw the dimension line of the main stair section: Generate the dimension line of the main stair section starting from the axis, with the dimension direction perpendicular to the X-axis (upward or downward by default, depending on the ConstantUtil configuration); the prefix format is such as 300x25 = represents the step width × number;

[0168] C4.4. Processing sub-stairs: First determine whether a sub-stair exists. If so, draw it as in C4.1, generate a section line to divide the stair sections, and then mark them.

[0169] C4.5. Platform plate generation and adjustment: Calculate the platform width (PlateWidth = upper stair width + lower stair width + stairwell width + upper beam width + lower beam width). Determine the corner coordinates by offsetting the stair width, well width, and beam width. Generate the position and shape of building components (such as platform plates, beams, and columns) through structured geometry calculations. Finally, integrate all primitives into PlatformEntities for subsequent rendering or output.

[0170] C4.6, Direction Mirroring and Final Adjustment: Determine whether to mirror the entire layout based on the parameter upWardDirection (which may indicate the up and down direction); translate all entities as a whole to the specified BasePoint to complete the layout positioning.

[0171] The specific contents of C5 are as follows:

[0172] C5.1. Current layer processing: Generate the bottom control line of the current stair tread (the direction of the thickness line is determined by _thicknessVector, perpendicular to the step direction, and whether to add additional vertices is determined based on the beam width / height conditions);

[0173] C5.2. Obtain the top control lines of the next two stair treads (if any) (generated according to the horizontal direction of the stair treads as required by the specification);

[0174] C5.3. Calculate the intersection point set intersectPoints1 of the two lines. If an intersection point exists, draw a collision circle and add a prompt message.

[0175] Experimental Case

[0176] In a high-rise residential project, 12 staircase designs were completed using this technology. The design of a single staircase took about three hours, and the calculation results were consistent with those of third-party verification software (Morgain).

Claims

1. An integrated design system for structural stairs based on AutoCAD, characterized by: The MVVM architecture is completed by nesting UserControl in WinForm. Based on input methods including interactive selection and reading settings, the data type corresponding to the stair section is established based on custom individual modification to complete the integrated design of the structural staircase. The system includes a dynamic data synchronization module, an interactive parameter acquisition module, an intelligent parametric modeling module, a configuration management module, an encapsulation module and a stair segment data module; The dynamic data synchronization module uses the StairViewModel class as the core carrier and integrates the INotifyPropertyChanged interface to build a real-time notification subsystem; establishes a multi-dimensional parameter mapping system to achieve automatic synchronization between data models and UI components, and triggers real-time refresh of interface elements through property change events; The interactive parameter acquisition module uses an event-driven mechanism to achieve Point entity capture in the AutoCAD graphical interface; The intelligent parametric modeling module is used to achieve real-time synchronization of stair segment geometric parameters and structural calculation models, and provides a segment-level configuration isolation mechanism to independently set special segment parameters; The configuration management module uses INI and JSON file formats to implement persistent storage of design templates; The encapsulation module encapsulates core algorithms including ladder slab setting synchronization, reinforcement calculation engine, and drawing generation into independent service components. By adopting the MVVM design pattern to separate concerns, it ensures a decoupled architecture between the UI interaction layer and the computing core. The stair data module is used to construct different stair data types, including a plurality of corresponding function modules.

2. The AutoCAD-based integrated structural staircase design system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stair data module includes a geometric modeling module, a load analysis module, a support constraint module, a bearing capacity limit state design module, a normal service limit state analysis module and a plane layout module; The geometric modeling module uses interactive user input to model the stair control points, calculates the spatial parameters of at least the stair segments, platforms, and steps, and establishes linkage relationships between the components; The load analysis module integrates a constant load spatial distribution calculation unit, and uses a partition calculation algorithm to achieve refined distribution modeling within the load action surface through user section parameter input and calculation results of the geometric modeling module; The support constraint module establishes a boundary condition library including elastic supports, fixed supports, hinged supports, and sliding supports. It sets the support moment coefficient, reaction coefficient, and deflection coefficient according to the user-specified support conditions, and calculates the support reaction force and bending moment, providing a complete mechanical response evaluation for structural analysis. The ultimate limit state design module uses a reinforcement optimization algorithm to configure longitudinal reinforcement according to the mid-span section, support edge, and ladder plate distribution area. It also integrates a shear capacity verification subroutine to quantitatively compare the actual shear force of the structure with the maximum shear capacity calculated based on the concrete and stirrup bearing capacity, and automatically outputs a design judgment result that meets the requirements of the specification. The serviceability limit state analysis module uses a cracking load calculation model to accurately calculate the crack widths in the mid-span and support sections. It also uses the deflection superposition principle to calculate the tread deformation under tread stiffness, outputs the deflection-to-span ratio, compares it to the limit requirements, and generates a durability assessment report. The plan layout module constructs a parametric plan generation engine, automatically draws stair plan construction drawings and stair plan layout drawings, and integrates an adaptive annotation system to ensure that the drawings comply with drawing standards.

3. The method for designing a structural staircase integrated system based on AutoCAD according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: The steps include: A. Initialize the model geometry based on user interactive parameter input of stair control points; B. Calculate the internal force of the stair section in detail based on the input load; C. Perform overall modeling based on multiple stair treads to create plan and section stairs.

4. The method for integrated design of structural stairs based on AutoCAD according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step A, the model geometry is initialized based on the user's interactive parameter input of the stair control points. Based on the interactive parameter acquisition module, the user inputs the corresponding control points 1-4 and stair width data according to different types of stair sections. The specific contents are as follows: A1. Calculate the length of the lower platform and the height of the first step of the stair section based on control points 1 and 2. A2. Calculate the step length, inclined plate angle, number of steps, and step height based on control points 2 and 3 and the input stair width. A3. Calculate the length of the upper platform and the height of the last step of the stair section based on control points 3 and 4. A4. Calculate core parameters including total length of stair section, number of steps, average step height and tread thickness based on four control points; A5. Establish corresponding geometric attributes based on the four control points, where the geometric attributes include general attributes and calculated attributes; A6. Determine stair type: Automatically determine the stair type based on the calculated upper and lower landing lengths, and determine whether sliding bearings are required based on the support condition settings. A7. Load parameter synchronization: Synchronize linear dead load, uniform live load, surface layer / plastering parameters to the load module of the stair section; A8. Initialize the support and material parameters to the ladder plate synchronously; A9. Exception handling.

5. The method for integrated design of structural stairs based on AutoCAD according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step B describes the detailed calculation of stair internal forces based on the input load and the calculation of stair bending moments based on the actual layout range of the input load. The specific contents are as follows: B1. Calculate the loads in different areas using the synchronized load parameters. B2. Calculate the corresponding mid-span bending moment and support reaction according to different load and support conditions; B3. Superimpose the mid-span bending moments and support reactions under different conditions respectively, and convert them into the equivalent uniformly distributed load of the full stair section length for the ultimate limit state verification of bearing capacity and the normal use limit state verification.

6. The method for integrated design of structural stairs based on AutoCAD according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step C describes the overall modeling of multiple stair treads to create the plan and section of the staircase. The details are as follows: C1. Sort all stair sections according to their high platform elevations, bind the upper platform to the stair section, and bind the lower platform to the upper platform of the lower stair section using an error verification mechanism. C2. Initialize the plan layout of the main stair section based on the upper and lower stair sections and platform plate data; C3. The user selects the staircase boundary point where the positive and negative zero points of the stairs are located, completes the platform plate module and calculates the elevation of the platform plate; C4. Draw a floor plan based on the established overall model; C5. Draw the clear height control lines and bottom control lines of each stair section based on the established overall model, calculate the collision and display the violation areas in the drawing.

7. The method for integrated design of structural stairs based on AutoCAD according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific contents of C1 are as follows: C1.

1. Sorting of staircase platform elevations: Arrange in ascending order by the Y coordinate of the starting point, ensuring processing from low to high, and rename according to the principle of "{prefix}{type}{serial number}"; C1.

2. Binding upper / lower platform: The upper platform of each stair section is directly associated with its high platform elevation. i ) of the lower platform elevation (H low,i ), need to be connected with the next step (S i+1 ) of the upper platform elevation (H high,i+1 ) comparison, if the error exceeds the limit, a warning is triggered and the user is prompted to make adjustments; C1.

3. Lower platform processing: A new platform is created for the first stair section; then a check is made to see whether the upper platform of the previous stair section is shared. If the coordinates match, the platform is shared; otherwise, a new platform is created and a prompt is displayed.

8. The method for integrated design of structural stairs based on AutoCAD according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific contents of C3 are as follows: C3.1、Benchmark point setting: C3.1.

1. The user selects the left and right positive and negative zero boundary points, and the Y coordinate difference between the two points must be ≤ the system vertical tolerance value; C3.1.

2. The datum elevation is defined as the Y coordinate of the boundary point; C3.

2. Calculation of ladder tread parameters: For each riser, do the following: C3.2.

1. Calculation of platform plate length: By comparing the distance difference between the control point and the starting point / end point, the effective length of the platform plate in the extension direction is calculated; When in the forward direction, the left platform is the distance from the starting point to the left control point, and the right platform is the distance from the right control point to the end point; When reversing, the left platform turns into the distance from the starting point to the right control point, and the right platform turns into the distance from the left control point to the end point; C3.2.

1. Elevation conversion: LowerPlate.Elevation=(StairStartPoint.Y-ZeroElevation) / 1000; HigherPlate.Elevation=(StairEndPoint.Y-ZeroElevation) / 1000.

9. The method for integrated design of structural stairs based on AutoCAD according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific contents of C4 are as follows: C4.

1. Draw the main stair section and label it: Draw the main stair section plate in the stair section direction based on the step width and the stair section width. The edge lines form the outline of the two sides of the stair section. The treads are generated along the X direction with a line every StepWidth as the step edge. The text position is calculated based on the direction and the total length of the stair section, and the name is displayed in the center. C4.

2. Draw an axis: The axis is used to define the structural outline of the staircase. The coordinates are calculated using vectors. Use the line tool to connect the axis endpoints to form a rectangular frame. C4.

3. Draw the dimension line of the main stair section: Generate the dimension line of the main stair section starting from the axis, with the dimension direction perpendicular to the X-axis. The prefix format represents the step width × number. C4.

4. Processing sub-stairs: First determine whether a sub-stair exists. If so, draw it as in C4.1, generate a section line to divide the stair sections, and then mark them. C4.

5. Platform board generation and adjustment: Calculate the platform width and determine the corner coordinates; generate the position and shape of building components through structured geometry calculations, and finally integrate all primitives into PlatformEntities for subsequent rendering or output; C4.6, Direction Mirroring and Final Adjustment: Determine whether to mirror the entire layout based on the parameter upWardDirection; translate all entities as a whole to the specified BasePoint to complete the layout positioning.

10. The method for integrated design of structural stairs based on AutoCAD according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific contents of C5 are as follows: C5.

1. Current layer processing: Generate the bottom control line of the current ladder plate; C5.

2. Obtain the top control lines of the two lower staircases; C5.

3. Calculate the intersection point set intersectPoints1 of the two lines. If an intersection point exists, draw a collision circle and add a prompt message.

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