Method and apparatus for performing channel access based on energy detection threshold in unlicensed band

Abstract

A method of performing wireless communication by a first device and a device for supporting the same are provided. The method may comprise the steps of: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether the sensing slot duration is idle; performing a channel access process based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to wireless communication systems. Background Art

[0002] Sidelink (SL) is a communication method that establishes a direct link between user equipment (UE), allowing voice and data to be exchanged directly between UEs without going through a base station (BS). SL is being considered as a solution to the burden on base stations caused by the rapid increase in data traffic. V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) is a communication technology that exchanges information with other vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure-equipped objects through wired or wireless communications. V2X can be categorized into four types: V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle), V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure), V2N (Vehicle-to-Network), and V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian). V2X communication can be provided via the PC5 interface and / or the Uu interface.

[0003] Furthermore, as more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity, demand is rising for mobile broadband communications that are enhanced compared to conventional radio access technologies (RATs). Consequently, discussions are underway regarding reliability and latency-sensitive services or communication systems for user equipment (UE). Furthermore, next-generation radio access technologies based on improved mobile broadband communications, massive machine-type communications (MTC), and ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) are referred to as new radio access technologies (RATs) or new radio (NR). Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical Solution

[0005] In an embodiment, a method for performing wireless communication by a first device is provided. The method may include: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a time interval (T_A), and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0006] In an embodiment, a first device adapted to perform wireless communication is provided. The first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a time interval (T_A), and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0007] In an embodiment, a processing device adapted to control a first device is provided. The processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a time interval (T_A), and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0008] In an embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions is provided. When executed, the instructions may cause a first device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a time interval (T_A), and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 The following illustrates a communication structure that may be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0010] Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0011] Figure 3 The structure of the NR system based on the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0012] Figure 4 A radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0013] Figure 5The structure of the NR radio frame according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0014] Figure 6 The structure of the time slot of the NR frame based on the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0015] Figure 7 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0016] Figure 8 A process of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0017] Figure 9 Three cast types based on embodiments of the present disclosure are shown.

[0018] Figure 10 Interleaved RBs according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown.

[0019] Figure 11 An example of differently determining the value of T_A based on whether transmission occurs within the COT and / or based on the channel access type according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0020] Figure 12 A method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0021] Figure 13 A method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0022] Figure 14 A communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0023] Figure 15 A wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0024] Figure 16 A signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0025] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0026] Figure 18 A handheld device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0027] Figure 19 A vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In the present disclosure, "A or B" may mean "only A", "only B", or "both A and B". In other words, in the present disclosure, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B". For example, in the present disclosure, "A, B or C" may mean "only A", "only B", "only C", or "any combination of A, B, and C".

[0029] As used in this disclosure, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Thus, "A / B" may mean "only A," "only B," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0030] In the present disclosure, “at least one of A and B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. In addition, in the present disclosure, the expression “at least one of A or B” or “at least one of A and / or B” may be interpreted as “at least one of A and B”.

[0031] In addition, in the present disclosure, “at least one of A, B, and C” may mean “only A,” “only B,” “only C,” or “any combination of A, B, and C.” In addition, “at least one of A, B, or C” or “at least one of A, B, and / or C” may mean “at least one of A, B, and C.”

[0032] In addition, brackets used in this disclosure may mean "for example." Specifically, when "control information (PDCCH)" is indicated, this may mean that "PDCCH" is provided as an example of "control information." In other words, the "control information" of this disclosure is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDDCH" may be provided as an example of "control information." Specifically, when "control information (i.e., PDCCH)" is indicated, this may also mean that "PDCCH" is provided as an example of "control information."

[0033] In the following description, “when, if, or in the event of” may be replaced with “based on”.

[0034] The technical features respectively described in one drawing in the present disclosure may be implemented separately or may be implemented simultaneously.

[0035] In the present disclosure, a higher-layer parameter may be a parameter configured, preconfigured, or predefined for a UE. For example, a base station or network may send the higher-layer parameter to the UE. For example, the higher-layer parameter may be sent via radio resource control (RRC) signaling or media access control (MAC) signaling.

[0036] The techniques described below can be used in various wireless communication systems, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA-2000. TDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, and Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA). IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with IEEE 802.16e-based systems. UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) that uses E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE uses OFDMA in the downlink and SC-FDMA in the uplink. LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is an evolution of LTE.

[0037] 5G NR is a successor technology to LTE-A, a new mobile communications system with high performance, low latency, and high availability. 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, including low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, intermediate frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high-frequency bands (millimeter waves) above 24 GHz.

[0038] The 6G (wireless communication) system aims to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption for battery-less IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) networked intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can include four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity. The 6G system can meet the requirements shown in Table 1 below. Specifically, Table 1 shows the requirements for the 6G system.

[0039] [Table 1]

[0040] Peak data rate per device 1 Tbps E2E latency 1 ms Maximum spectral efficiency 100bps / Hz Mobility support Up to 1000km / h Satellite Integration completely AI completely autonomous vehicles completely XR completely Tactile communication completely

[0041] The 6G system can have key factors such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC), massive machine type communications (mMTC), AI-integrated communications, tactile Internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0042] Figure 1 The following illustrates a communication structure that may be provided in a 6G system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0043] The 6G system will have 50 times higher simultaneous wireless communication connectivity than the 5G wireless communication system. URLLC, which is a main function of 5G, will become a more important technology by providing end-to-end latency of less than 1ms in 6G communication. Unlike the spectral efficiency of frequently used domains, the 6G system can have better volume spectrum efficiency. The 6G system can provide advanced battery technology for energy harvesting and very long battery life, so mobile devices may not need to be charged separately in the 6G system. In 6G, new network characteristics may be as follows.

[0044] - Satellite-integrated network: To provide global mobile constellations, 6G will be integrated with satellites. Integrating terrestrial waves, satellites, and public networks into a wireless communication system is likely to be very important for 6G.

[0045] - Connected Intelligence: Unlike previous generations of wireless communication systems, 6G is innovative, and wireless evolution may be updated from "connected things" to "connected intelligence." AI can be applied at every step of the communication process (or every signal processing process described below).

[0046] - Seamless integration of wireless information and energy transfer: 6G wireless networks can transfer power to charge the batteries of devices such as smartphones and sensors. Therefore, wireless information and energy transfer (WIET) will be integrated.

[0047] - Ubiquitous Hyper-3D Connectivity: Access to networks and core network functions from drones and very low Earth orbit satellites will establish hyper-3D connectivity in 6G ubiquity.

[0048] Among the new network features of 6G, several general requirements are as follows.

[0049] Small cell networks: The concept of small cell networks was introduced to improve received signal quality as a result of improvements in cellular system throughput, energy efficiency, and spectral efficiency. Therefore, small cell networks are an essential feature of 5G and beyond (5Gb) communication systems. Consequently, 6G communication systems also adopt the characteristics of small cell networks.

[0050] Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks: Ultra-dense heterogeneous networks will be another important feature of 6G communication systems. Multi-tier networks composed of heterogeneous networks will improve overall QoS and reduce costs.

[0051] - High-capacity backhaul: Backhaul connectivity is characterized by a high-capacity backhaul network to support high-capacity services. High-speed optical fiber and free-space optics (FSO) systems can be possible solutions to this problem.

[0052] - Radar technology integrated with mobile technology: High-precision positioning (or location-based services) through communication is one of the functions of 6G wireless communication systems. Therefore, radar systems will be integrated with 6G networks.

[0053] - Software-based and virtualized: Software-based and virtualized are two important capabilities that are fundamental to the design process in 5G networks in order to ensure flexibility, reconfigurability, and programmability.

[0054] The following describes the core implementation technologies of the 6G system.

[0055] Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is the most important and newly introduced technology in 6G systems. 4G systems do not include AI. 5G systems will support partial or very limited AI. However, 6G systems will support AI for full automation. Advances in machine learning will create smarter networks for real-time communications in 6G. When AI is introduced into communications, real-time data transmission can be simplified and improved. AI can use countless analyses to determine how to perform complex tasks. This means that AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming operations such as handovers, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a significant role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI could enable instant communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-maintaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0056] Terahertz (THz) communications: Data rates can be increased by increasing bandwidth. This can be achieved through the use of wide-bandwidth sub-THz communications and the application of advanced massive MIMO technology. THz waves, known as submillimeter radiation, generally refer to the frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz, with corresponding wavelengths ranging from 0.03 mm to 3 mm. The 100 GHz to 300 GHz band (sub-THz band) is considered the primary portion of the THz band used for cellular communications. When the sub-THz band is added to the millimeter wave band, 6G cellular communication capacity increases. The defined THz band of 300 GHz to 3 THz lies in the far infrared (IR) band. The 300 GHz to 3 THz band is part of the optical band, but lies at its boundary and immediately after the RF band. Therefore, the 300 GHz to 3 THz band shares similarities with RF. Figure 2 The electromagnetic spectrum according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with the various embodiments of the present disclosure. Key features of THz communication include (i) a wide range of bandwidths available to support very high data rates; and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (essential for highly directional antennas). The narrow beamwidths produced by highly directional antennas reduce interference. The small wavelength of THz signals allows for the integration of a greater number of antenna elements with devices and base stations operating in this band. Consequently, advanced adaptive placement techniques can be used to overcome range limitations.

[0057] - Massive MIMO technology (Large MIMO)

[0058] - Holographic Beamforming (HBF)

[0059] - Optical Wireless Technology

[0060] - Free Space Optical Backhaul Network (FSO Backhaul Network)

[0061] - Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN)

[0062] - Quantum communication

[0063] - No cellular communication

[0064] - Integration of wireless information and power transmission

[0065] - Integration of wireless communication and sensing

[0066] -Integrated access and backhaul network

[0067] -Big data analysis

[0068] -Reconfigurable smart surface

[0069] - Metaverse

[0070] - Blockchain

[0071] Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs): Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or drones, will be a key factor in 6G wireless communications. In most cases, UAV technology will be used to provide high-speed data wireless connectivity. A base station is physically installed within the UAV to provide cellular connectivity. UAVs offer certain features not found in fixed base station infrastructure, such as ease of deployment, robust line-of-sight links, and freedom of mobility control. During emergencies such as natural disasters, deploying terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure is economically unfeasible and sometimes unable to provide services in turbulent environments. UAVs can easily handle such situations. UAVs will become a new paradigm in wireless communications. This technology facilitates the three fundamental requirements of wireless networks, such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC. UAVs can also be used for a variety of purposes, such as improving network connectivity, fire detection, disaster response services, security and monitoring, pollution monitoring, parking monitoring, and accident detection. Therefore, UAV technology is recognized as one of the most important technologies for 6G communications.

[0072] - Autonomous driving (self-driving): To achieve perfect autonomous driving, vehicles must communicate with each other to notify each other of dangerous situations, and communicate with infrastructure such as parking lots and / or traffic lights to check information such as parking location and signal change timing. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) is a core element for building autonomous driving infrastructure. It is a technology that enables vehicles to communicate and share information with various roadside elements, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). To maximize the performance of autonomous driving and ensure high safety, high transmission speeds and low latency technologies are essential. Furthermore, due to the large amount of information required to transmit and receive, autonomous driving is expected to be maximized in 6G, which offers faster transmission speeds and lower latency than 5G, in order to directly control vehicles in dangerous situations and proactively intervene beyond warnings or guidance messages to the driver.

[0073] For the sake of clarity, the description mainly focuses on 5G NR, but the technical ideas according to the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be applied to 6G communication systems.

[0074] Figure 3 The structure of the NR system based on the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0075] refer to Figure 3, the next generation radio access network (NG-RAN) may include a BS 20 that provides user plane and control plane protocol terminations for the UE 10. For example, the BS 20 may include a next generation Node B (gNB) and / or an evolved Node B (eNB). For example, the UE 10 may be fixed or mobile and may be referred to by other terms such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), a wireless device, etc. For example, the BS may be referred to as a fixed station that communicates with the UE 10 and may be referred to by other terms such as a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP), etc.

[0076] Figure 3 The embodiment illustrates a case where only gNBs are included. BSs 20 may be connected to each other via an Xn interface. BSs 20 may be connected to each other via the fifth-generation (5G) core network (5GC) and NG interfaces. More specifically, BSs 20 may be connected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) 30 via an NG-C interface and to a user plane function (UPF) 30 via an NG-U interface.

[0077] The radio interface protocol layers between the UE and the network can be categorized as Layer 1 (L1), Layer 2 (L2), and Layer 3 (L3) based on the lower three layers of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, which is well-known for communication systems. The physical (PHY) layer, belonging to Layer 1, provides information transmission services using physical channels, and the radio resource control (RRC) layer, located at Layer 3, controls radio resources between the UE and the network. To this end, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the UE and the base station layer.

[0078] Figure 4 A radio protocol architecture according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 4 (a) shows the radio protocol stack for the user plane of Uu communication, and Figure 4 (b) shows the radio protocol stack of the control plane for Uu communication. Figure 4 (c) shows the radio protocol stack of the user plane for SL communication, and Figure 4 (d) shows the radio protocol stack of the control plane for SL communication.

[0079] refer to Figure 4The physical layer provides information transfer services to upper layers via physical channels. The physical layer connects to the media access control (MAC) layer, its upper layer, via transport channels. Data is transferred between the MAC and physical layers via transport channels. Transport channels are categorized based on how data is transmitted over the radio interface and the characteristics of the data being transmitted.

[0080] Data is transmitted between different physical layers (i.e., the PHY layer of the transmitter and the PHY layer of the receiver) through a physical channel. The physical channel can be modulated using an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme and uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0081] The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, a higher-level layer of the MAC layer, via logical channels. The MAC layer maps multiple logical channels to multiple transport channels. The MAC layer also provides logical channel multiplexing by mapping multiple logical channels to a single transport channel. The MAC layer provides data transmission services via logical channels.

[0082] The RLC layer performs concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of radio link control service data units (RLC SDUs). To ensure the different quality of service (QoS) required by radio bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three types of operation modes: transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and acknowledged mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction through automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0083] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer controls logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels associated with the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of resource allocation (RBs). RBs are logical paths for data transfer between the UE and the network, provided by Layer 1 (i.e., the physical or PHY layer) and Layer 2 (i.e., the MAC layer, RLC layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), and Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layers).

[0084] The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the user plane include transmission, header compression, and encryption of user data. The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) in the control plane include transmission and encryption / integrity protection of control plane data.

[0085] The Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer is defined only in the user plane. The SDAP layer performs the mapping between Quality of Service (QoS) flows and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs) and QoS Flow ID (QFI) marking in both DL and UL packets.

[0086] RB configuration refers to the process of specifying radio protocol layers and channel attributes to provide a specific service and determining corresponding detailed parameters and operation methods. RBs can be classified into two types: signaling radio bearers (SRBs) and data radio bearers (DRBs). SRBs are used as a path for transmitting RRC messages in the control plane, and DRBs are used as a path for transmitting user data in the user plane.

[0087] When an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the UE and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the UE is in the RRC connected (RRC_CONNECTED) state. Otherwise, the UE may be in the RRC idle (RRC_IDLE) state. In the case of NR, an RRC inactive (RRC_INACTIVE) state is additionally defined, and a UE in the RRC_INACTIVE state may maintain its connection with the core network while releasing its connection with the BS.

[0088] Data is transmitted from the network to the UE via downlink transport channels. Examples of downlink transport channels include the broadcast channel (BCH), which transmits system information, and the downlink shared channel (SCH), which transmits other user traffic or control messages. Traffic or control messages for downlink multicast or broadcast services can be transmitted via the downlink SCH or via a separate downlink multicast channel (MCH). In addition, uplink transport channels for transmitting (or transferring) data from the UE to the network include the random access channel (RACH), which transmits initial control messages, and the uplink shared channel (SCH), which transmits other user traffic or control messages.

[0089] Examples of logical channels belonging to a higher layer of a transport channel and mapped to a transport channel may include a broadcast control channel (BCCH), a paging control channel (PCCH), a common control channel (CCCH), a multicast control channel (MCCH), a multicast traffic channel (MTCH), etc.

[0090] Figure 5 The structure of a NR radio frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0091] refer to Figure 5In NR, a radio frame can be used to perform uplink and downlink transmissions. The length of a radio frame is 10 ms and can be defined as consisting of two half-frames (HFs). A half-frame can include five 1 ms subframes (SFs). A subframe (SF) can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe can be determined by the subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot can include 12 or 14 OFDM (A) symbols depending on the cyclic prefix (CP).

[0092] When using a normal CP, each slot can include 14 symbols. When using an extended CP, each slot can include 12 symbols. Herein, symbols may include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and single carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbols (or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols).

[0093] Table 2 shown below shows the number of symbols (N) per slot based on SCS configuration (μ) in the case of using normal CP or extended CP. slot symb ), the number of time slots per frame (N frame,μ slot ) and the number of time slots per subframe (N subframe ,μ slot ).

[0094] [Table 2]

[0095]

[0096] In the NR system, OFDM(A) parameter sets (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be configured differently between multiple cells integrated into one UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration (or interval) of a time resource (e.g., subframe, time slot, or TTI) (collectively referred to as a time unit (TU) for simplicity) consisting of the same number of symbols can be configured differently among the integrated cells.

[0097] In NR, multiple parameter sets or SCSs can be supported to support various 5G services. For example, with an SCS of 15 kHz, a wide range of traditional cellular frequency bands can be supported, while with an SCS of 30 kHz or 60 kHz, dense urban areas, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidths can be supported. With an SCS of 60 kHz or higher, bandwidths greater than 24.25 GHz can be used to overcome phase noise.

[0098] NR frequency bands can be defined as two different types of frequency ranges. The two different types of frequency ranges may be FR1 and FR2. The values of the frequency ranges may vary (or change), for example, the two different types of frequency ranges may be as shown in Table 3 below. Among the frequency ranges used in NR systems, FR1 may mean "a range below 6 GHz," and FR2 may mean "a range above 6 GHz," and may also be referred to as millimeter wave (mmW).

[0099] [Table 3]

[0100] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing (SCS) FR1 450 MHz – 6000 MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250 MHz – 52600 MHz 60, 120, 240 kHz

[0101] As described above, the values of the frequency ranges in NR systems can vary (or change). For example, as shown in Table 4 below, FR1 can include bandwidths ranging from 410 MHz to 7125 MHz. More specifically, FR1 can include frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) and higher. For example, the frequency bands of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) and higher included in FR1 can include unlicensed bands. Unlicensed bands can be used for various purposes, for example, for vehicle-specific communications (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0102] [Table 4]

[0103] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing (SCS) FR1 410MHz – 7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz – 52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0104] Figure 6 The structure of the time slot of the NR frame according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0105] refer to Figure 6 A slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of normal CP, one slot may include 14 symbols. For example, in the case of extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols. Alternatively, in the case of normal CP, one slot may include 7 symbols. However, in the case of extended CP, one slot may include 6 symbols.

[0106] A carrier consists of multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) can be defined as multiple contiguous subcarriers in the frequency domain (e.g., 12 subcarriers). A bandwidth part (BWP) can be defined as multiple contiguous (physical) resource blocks ((P)RBs) in the frequency domain, and a BWP can correspond to a parameter set (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N BWPs (e.g., 5 BWPs). Data communication can be performed via activated BWPs. Each element can be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol can be mapped to each element.

[0107] Hereinafter, the bandwidth part (BWP) and the carrier will be described in detail.

[0108] A BWP may be a contiguous set of physical resource blocks (PRBs) within a given parameter set. A PRB may be selected from a contiguous set of common resource blocks (CRBs) for a given parameter set on a given carrier.

[0109] For example, the BWP may be at least one of an active BWP, an initial BWP, and / or a default BWP. For example, the UE may not monitor downlink radio link quality in DL BWPs other than the activated DL BWP on the primary cell (PCell). For example, the UE may not receive the PDCCH, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), or channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) (excluding RRM) outside the activated DL BWP. For example, the UE may not trigger channel state information (CSI) reporting for inactive DL BWPs. For example, the UE may not transmit the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) outside the activated UL BWP. For example, in the downlink, the initial BWP may be a set of contiguous RBs for the remaining minimum system information (RMSI) control resource set (CORESET) (configured by the physical broadcast channel (PBCH)). For example, in the uplink, the initial BWP may be given by the system information block (SIB) for the random access procedure. For example, the default BWP may be configured by higher layers. For example, the initial value of the default BWP may be an initial DL BWP.For power saving, if the UE cannot detect downlink control information (DCI) during a designated period, the UE may switch the UE's active BWP to the default BWP.

[0110] In addition, a BWP can be defined for SL. The same SL BWP can be used in both transmission and reception. For example, a transmitting UE can transmit a SL channel or SL signal on a specific BWP, and a receiving UE can receive a SL channel or SL signal on a specific BWP. In a licensed carrier, the SL BWP can be defined separately from the Uu BWP, and the SL BWP can have separate configuration signaling from the Uu BWP. For example, the UE can receive configuration for the SL BWP from the BS / network. For example, the UE can receive configuration for the Uu BWP from the BS / network. The SL BWP is (pre-)configured in the carrier for out-of-coverage NR V2X UEs and RRC_IDLE UEs. For UEs in RRC_CONNECTED mode, at least one SL BWP can be activated in the carrier.

[0111] Figure 7 An example of a BWP according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of BWPs is 3.

[0112] refer to Figure 7 , Common Resource Blocks (CRBs) may be carrier resource blocks numbered from one end of the carrier frequency band to the other. Additionally, PRBs may be resource blocks numbered within each BWP. Point A may indicate a common reference point for the resource block grid.

[0113] The BWP can be configured by point A, an offset relative to point A (NstartBWP), and a bandwidth (NsizeBWP). For example, point A can be an external reference point for the PRBs of a carrier, with subcarrier 0 of all parameter sets (e.g., all parameter sets supported by the network on the corresponding carrier) aligned in point A. For example, the offset can be the PRB distance between the lowest subcarrier within a given parameter set and point A. For example, the bandwidth can be the number of PRBs within a given parameter set.

[0114] Hereinafter, V2X or SL communication will be described.

[0115] The sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS) may include a primary sidelink synchronization signal (PSSS) and a secondary sidelink synchronization signal (SSSS) as SL-specific sequences. The PSSS may be referred to as a sidelink primary synchronization signal (S-PSS), and the SSSS may be referred to as a sidelink secondary synchronization signal (S-SSS). For example, an M sequence of length 127 may be used for the S-PSS, and a Gold sequence of length 127 may be used for the S-SSS. For example, the UE may use the S-PSS for initial signal detection and synchronization acquisition. For example, the UE may use the S-PSS and S-SSS for detailed synchronization acquisition and for detecting the synchronization signal ID.

[0116] The Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH) can be a (broadcast) channel used to transmit default (system) information that the UE must first know before SL signal transmission / reception. For example, the default information can include information related to the SLSS, duplex mode (DM), time division duplex (TDD) uplink / downlink (UL / DL) configuration, information related to resource pools, the type of application related to the SLSS, subframe offset, broadcast information, etc. For example, to evaluate PSBCH performance, in NR V2X, the PSBCH payload size can be 56 bits, including a 24-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC).

[0117] The S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH can be included in a block format that supports periodic transmission (e.g., a SL synchronization signal (SS) / PSBCH block, hereinafter referred to as a sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB)). The S-SSB can have the same parameter set (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) / physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth can be within the (pre-)configured sidelink (SL) bandwidth. For example, the S-SSB can have a bandwidth of 11 resource blocks (SBs). For example, the PSBCH can span 11 resource blocks (RBs). In addition, the frequency location of the S-SSB can be (pre-)configured. Therefore, the UE does not need to perform frequency hypothesis detection to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.

[0118] Figure 8 A process of performing V2X or SL communication by a UE based on a transmission mode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 8 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with the various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the various embodiments of the present disclosure, the transmission mode may be referred to as a mode or a resource allocation mode. Hereinafter, for ease of explanation, in LTE, the transmission mode may be referred to as the LTE transmission mode. In NR, the transmission mode may be referred to as the NR resource allocation mode.

[0119] For example, Figure 8 (a) in FIG. 1 shows UE operations related to LTE transmission mode 1 or LTE transmission mode 3. Alternatively, for example, Figure 8 (a) in FIG. 4 shows UE operations related to NR resource allocation mode 1. For example, LTE transmission mode 1 may be applied to conventional SL communication, and LTE transmission mode 3 may be applied to V2X communication.

[0120] For example, Figure 8 (b) in FIG. 4 shows UE operations related to LTE transmission mode 2 or LTE transmission mode 4. Alternatively, for example, Figure 8 (b) in FIG. 4 shows UE operations related to NR resource allocation mode 2.

[0121] refer to Figure 8 (a) In LTE transmission mode 1, LTE transmission mode 3, or NR resource allocation mode 1, the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the UE for SL transmission. For example, in step S800, the base station may send information related to the SL resources and / or information related to the UL resources to the first UE. For example, the UL resources may include PUCCH resources and / or PUSCH resources. For example, the UL resources may be resources used to report SL HARQ feedback to the base station.

[0122] For example, the first UE may receive information related to dynamic grant (DG) resources and / or information related to configured grant (CG) resources from the base station. For example, the CG resources may include CG type 1 resources or CG type 2 resources. In the present disclosure, the DG resources may be resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station through downlink control information (DCI). In the present disclosure, the CG resources may be (periodic) resources configured / allocated to the first UE by the base station through DCI and / or RRC messages. For example, in the case of CG type 1 resources, the base station may send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE. For example, in the case of CG type 2 resources, the base station may send an RRC message including information related to the CG resources to the first UE, and the base station may send DCI related to the activation or release of the CG resources to the first UE.

[0123] In step S810, the first UE may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., sidelink control information (SCI) or first-level SCI) to a second UE based on resource scheduling. In step S820, the first UE may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., second-level SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) associated with the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE may receive a PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE. For example, HARQ feedback information (e.g., NACK or ACK) may be received from the second UE via the PSFCH. In step S840, the first UE may transmit / report the HARQ feedback information to the base station via the PUCCH or PUSCH. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first UE based on the HARQ feedback information received from the second UE. For example, the HARQ feedback information reported to the base station may be information generated by the first UE based on preconfigured rules. For example, the DCI may be DCI for SL scheduling. For example, the format of DCI may be DCI format 3_0 or DCI format 3_1.

[0124] refer to Figure 8 In (b), in LTE transmission mode 2, LTE transmission mode 4, or NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may determine SL transmission resources within the SL resources configured by the base station / network or pre-configured SL resources. For example, the configured SL resources or pre-configured SL resources may be a resource pool. For example, the UE may autonomously select or schedule resources for SL transmission. For example, the UE may autonomously select resources within the configured resource pool to perform SL communication. For example, the UE may autonomously select resources within a selection window by performing a sensing process and a resource (re)selection process. For example, sensing may be performed on a subchannel basis. For example, in step S810, a first UE, having selected resources from the resource pool, may transmit a PSCCH (e.g., sidelink control information (SCI) or first-level SCI) to a second UE using the resources. In step S820, the first UE may transmit a PSSCH (e.g., second-level SCI, MAC PDU, data, etc.) associated with the PSCCH to the second UE. In step S830, the first UE may receive a PSFCH associated with the PSCCH / PSSCH from the second UE.

[0125] refer to Figure 8(a) or (b), for example, the first UE may send the SCI to the second UE via the PSCCH. Alternatively, for example, the first UE may send two consecutive SCIs (e.g., level 2 SCI) to the second UE via the PSCCH and / or the PSSCH. In this case, the second UE may decode the two consecutive SCIs (e.g., level 2 SCI) to receive the PSSCH from the first UE. In the present disclosure, the SCI sent via the PSCCH may be referred to as the first SCI, the first SCI, the first level SCI, or the first level SCI format, and the SCI sent via the PSSCH may be referred to as the second SCI, the second SCI, the second level SCI, or the second level SCI format. For example, the first level SCI format may include SCI format 1-A, and the second level SCI format may include SCI format 2-A and / or SCI format 2-B.

[0126] Hereinafter, an example of SCI format 1-A will be described.

[0127] SCI format 1-A is used for scheduling PSSCH and the second level SCI on PSSCH.

[0128] The following information is sent via SCI Format 1-A:

[0129] - Priority - 3 bits

[0130] - Frequency Resource Assignment - When the value of the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 2, ceiling(log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1) / 2)) bits; otherwise, when the value of the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured as 3, ceiling log2(N SL subChannel (N SL subChannel +1)(2N SL subChannel +1) / 6) bits.

[0131] - Time Resource Assignment - 5 bits when the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to a value of 2; otherwise, 9 bits when the higher layer parameter sl-MaxNumPerReserve is configured to a value of 3

[0132] -Resource Reservation Period - If the higher layer parameter sl-MultiReserveResource is configured, the ceiling (log2N rsv_period ) bits, where N rsv_periodis the number of entries in the higher layer parameter sl-ResourceReservePeriodList; otherwise, 0

[0133] -DMRS pattern -ceiling(log2N pattern ) bits, where N pattern is the number of DMRS patterns configured by the higher layer parameter sl-PSSCH-DMRS-TimePatternList

[0134] - Second level SCI format - 2 bits, as defined in Table 5

[0135] - Beta_offset indicator - 2 bits, as provided by the higher layer parameter sl-BetaOffsets2ndSCI

[0136] - Number of DMRS ports - 1 bit, as defined in Table 6

[0137] - Modulation and coding scheme - 5 bits

[0138] - Additional MCS table indicator - 1 bit if one MCS table is configured by the higher layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; 2 bits if two MCS tables are configured by the higher layer parameter sl-Additional-MCS-Table; otherwise, 0 bit

[0139] -PSFCH overhead indication - 1 bit if higher layer parameter sl-PSFCH-Period = 2 or 4; otherwise, 0 bit

[0140] - Reserved bits - The number of bits determined by the higher layer parameter sl-NumReservedBits, whose value is set to zero.

[0141] [Table 5]

[0142] The value of the second-level SCI format field Second level SCI format 00 SCI Format 2-A 01 SCI Format 2-B 10 reserve 11 reserve

[0143] [Table 6]

[0144] The value of the Number of DMRS Ports field Antenna port 0 1000 1 1000 and 1001

[0145] Hereinafter, an example of SCI format 2-A will be described.

[0146] SCI format 2-A is used for decoding of the PSSCH and is used together with the HARQ operation when the HARQ-ACK information includes ACK or NACK, when the HARQ-ACK information includes only NACK, or when there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information.

[0147] The following information is sent via SCI Format 2-A:

[0148] -HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0149] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0150] - Redundancy version - 2 bits

[0151] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0152] -Destination ID - 16 digits

[0153] -HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit

[0154] - Broadcast Type Indicator - 2 bits, as defined in Table 7

[0155] -CSI request - 1 bit

[0156] [Table 7]

[0157] The value of the broadcast type indicator Broadcast Type 00 broadcast 01 Multicast when HARQ-ACK information includes ACK or NACK 10 Unicast 11 Multicast when HARQ-ACK information includes only NACKs

[0158] Hereinafter, an example of SCI format 2-B will be described.

[0159] For HARQ operation, when HARQ-ACK information includes only NACK, or when there is no feedback of HARQ-ACK information, SCI format 2-B is used for decoding of PSSCH.

[0160] The following information is sent via SCI Format 2-B:

[0161] -HARQ process number - 4 bits

[0162] - New data indicator - 1 bit

[0163] - Redundancy version - 2 bits

[0164] - Source ID - 8 bits

[0165] -Destination ID - 16 digits

[0166] -HARQ feedback enable / disable indicator - 1 bit

[0167] -Region ID - 12 digits

[0168] -Communication range requirement - 4 bits determined by the higher layer parameter sl-ZoneConfigMCR-Index

[0169] refer to Figure 8(a) or (b), in step S830, the first UE may receive the PSFCH. For example, the first UE and the second UE may determine PSFCH resources, and the second UE may use the PSFCH resources to send HARQ feedback to the first UE.

[0170] refer to Figure 8 (a), in step S840, the first UE may send SL HARQ feedback to the base station through the PUCCH and / or the PUSCH.

[0171] Figure 9 Three broadcast types are shown in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 9 The embodiments of can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure. Specifically, Figure 9 (a) shows broadcast type SL communication, Figure 9 (b) shows unicast type SL communication, and Figure 9 (c) in the figure shows multicast SL communication. In the case of unicast SL communication, the UE can perform one-to-one communication with another UE. In the case of multicast SL transmission, the UE can perform SL communication with one or more UEs in the group to which the UE belongs. In various embodiments of the present disclosure, SL groupcast communication can be replaced by SL multicast communication, SL one-to-many communication, etc.

[0172] Hereinafter, a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) process will be described.

[0173] For example, SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for unicast. For example, SL HARQ feedback may be enabled for multicast. For example, two HARQ feedback options may be supported for multicast.

[0174] (1) Multicast Option 1: After a receiving UE decodes a PSCCH targeted for the receiving UE, if the receiving UE cannot decode the transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may send a negative acknowledgement (NACK) to the transmitting UE via the PSFCH. Otherwise, if the receiving UE decodes the PSCCH targeted for the receiving UE and if the receiving UE successfully decodes the transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may not send a positive acknowledgement (ACK) to the transmitting UE.

[0175] (2) Multicast Option 2: After a receiving UE decodes a PSCCH targeted for the receiving UE, if the receiving UE cannot decode the transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may send a NACK to the transmitting UE via the PSFCH. Alternatively, if the receiving UE decodes a PSCCH targeted for the receiving UE and if the receiving UE successfully decodes the transport block associated with the PSCCH, the receiving UE may send an ACK to the transmitting UE via the PSFCH.

[0176] Hereinafter, the UE procedure for reporting HARQ-ACK on the secondary link will be described.

[0177] Can be in N PSSCH subch The SCI format of the scheduled PSSCH reception in one or more of the subchannels instructs the UE to send a PSFCH with HARQ-ACK information in response to the PSSCH reception. The UE provides HARQ-ACK information including ACK or NACK or only NACK.

[0178] The number of slots in the resource pool used for the PSFCH transmission opportunity resource period may be provided to the UE by sl-PSFCH-Period-r16. If this number is zero, PSFCH transmission from the UE in the resource pool is disabled. The UE expects that if kmod N PSFCH PSSCH = 0, then time slot t' k SL (0≤k <T' max ) has PSFCH transmission opportunity resources, where t' k SL is the time slot belonging to the resource pool, T' max is the number of time slots belonging to the resource pool within 10240 milliseconds, and N PSFCH PSSCH Provided by sl-PSFCH-Period-r16. A UE may be instructed by higher layers not to transmit a PSFCH in response to a PSSCH reception. If a UE receives a PSSCH in a resource pool and the HARQ Feedback Enable / Disable Indicator field in the associated SCI Format 2-A or SCI Format 2-B has a value of 1, the UE provides HARQ-ACK information in the PSFCH transmission in the resource pool. The UE transmits the PSFCH in the first slot of the resource pool that includes PSFCH resources and that is at least the number of slots provided by sl-MinTimeGapPSFCH-r16 after the last slot of the PSSCH reception.

[0179] sl-PSFCH-RB-Set-r16 provides the UE with the M in the resource pool for PSFCH transmission in the PRB of the resource pool. PSFCH PRB,set For the number of subchannels N in the resource pool provided by sl-NumSubchannel subch and less than or equal to N PSFCH PSSCH The number of PSSCH time slots associated with the PSFCH time slot, the UE will M PRB,set PSFCH [(i+j·N PSFCH PSSCH )·M PSFCH subch,slot , (i+1+j·N PSFCH PSSCH )·M PSFCH subch,slot -1] PRBs are allocated to slot i and subchannel j in the PSSCH slot associated with the PSFCH slot, where M PSFCH subch,slot = M PSFCH PRB , set ⁄ (N subch ·N PSFCH PSSCH ), 0 ≤ i < N PSFCH PSSCH , 0 ≤ j < N subch , and the allocation starts in ascending order of i and continues in ascending order of j. The UE expects M PSFCH PRB,set Yes N subch ·N PSFCH PSSCH multiples of .

[0180] The UE determines the number of PSFCH resources that can be used to multiplex HARQ-ACK information in PSFCH transmission as R PSFCH PRB,CS = N PSFCH type ·M PSFCH subch,slot ·N PSFCH CS , where N PSFCH CS is the number of cyclic shift pairs used for the resource pool, and based on the indication from higher layers,

[0181] -N PSFCH type =1 and M PSFCH subch,slotPRBs are associated with the starting subchannel of the corresponding PSSCH

[0182] -N PSFCH type = N PSSCH subch And N PSSCH subch ·M PSFCH subch,slot PRBs and corresponding PSSCH N PSSCH subch One or more sub-channels are associated

[0183] PSFCH resources are firstly based on N PSFCH type ·M PSFCH subch,slot The PRB indices in ascending order are indexed, and then the PRBs are sorted according to N PSFCH CS The cyclic shift pairs are indexed in ascending order of the cyclic shift pair indices.

[0184] The UE determines the index of the PSFCH resource to be used for PSFCH transmission in response to PSSCH reception as (P ID +M ID ) mod R PSFCH PRB,CS , where P ID is the physical layer source ID provided by SCI format 2-A or 2-B for scheduling PSSCH reception, and M ID M is the identity of the UE that receives the PSSCH indicated by the higher layer if the UE detects SCI format 2-A with a broadcast type indicator field value of "01"; otherwise ID is zero.

[0185] The UE uses Table 8 to select the cyclic shift pair index corresponding to the PSFCH resource index and N PSFCH CS The value of m0 used to calculate the value of the cyclic shift α is determined.

[0186] [Table 8]

[0187]

[0188] In the case where the UE detects SCI format 2-A with a broadcast type indicator field value of "01" or "10" as in Table 9, or in the case where the UE detects SCI format 2-B or SCI format 2-A with a broadcast type indicator field value of "11" as in Table 10, the UE determines m for calculating the value of the cyclic shift α. csThe UE applies one of the cyclic shifts in the cyclic shift pair to the sequence used for PSFCH transmission.

[0189] [Table 9]

[0190] HARQ-ACK value 0 (NACK) 1 (ACK) Sequential cyclic shift 0 6

[0191] [Table 10]

[0192] HARQ-ACK value 0 (NACK) 1 (ACK) Sequential cyclic shift 0 N / A

[0193] At the same time, (equidistant) non-contiguous RBs in frequency can be allocated to a UE. This set of non-contiguous RBs can be called interleaved RBs. This can be useful in spectrum (e.g., shared spectrum) subject to regulations such as occupied channel bandwidth (OCB) and power spectral density (PSD).

[0194] Figure 10 Interleaved RBs according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown. Figure 10 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0195] refer to Figure 10 , an interlace of RBs may be defined in the frequency domain. Interlace m∈{0, 1, ..., M-1} may include (common) RBs {m, M+m, 2M+m, 3M+m, ...}, where M may represent the number of RBs in the interlace as given in Table 11.

[0196] [Table 11]

[0197] u M 0 10 1 5

[0198] A communication device (eg, a device, UE, vehicle, drone, etc., as proposed in various embodiments of the present disclosure) may transmit a signal / channel by using one or more interleaved RBs.

[0199] Meanwhile, in next-generation systems, a UE can perform sidelink transmission and / or sidelink reception operations in an unlicensed band. Furthermore, for operation in the unlicensed band, depending on band-specific regulations or requirements, the UE may perform channel sensing operations (e.g., energy detection / measurement) for the intended channel before performing a transmission. The UE may only perform a transmission in the unlicensed band if the intended channel or set of RBs is determined to be idle as a result of channel sensing (e.g., if the measured energy is less than or equal to a specific threshold). If the intended channel or set of RBs is determined to be busy as a result of channel sensing (e.g., if the measured energy is greater than or equal to a specific threshold), the UE may cancel all or part of the transmission in the unlicensed band. Furthermore, in unlicensed band operation, the UE may skip or simplify channel sensing operations (making the channel sensing interval relatively short) within a specific time duration after a transmission. Alternatively, after a specific time has elapsed after a transmission, the UE may determine whether to transmit after performing regular channel sensing operations. Meanwhile, for transmission in the unlicensed band, depending on regulations or requirements, the power spectral density (PSD) and / or the size and / or time interval of the signal / channel transmitted by the UE may be greater than or equal to a specific level, respectively. Meanwhile, in the unlicensed band, to simplify channel sensing, the channel occupation time (COT) duration information may be used to notify that the channel obtained based on initial general channel sensing is occupied for a specific time, and the maximum length of the COT duration may be configured differently depending on the channel access priority class (CAPC) or the priority value of the data packet or service.

[0200] At the same time, the base station can share the COT duration event obtained through channel sensing through DCI transmission, and the UE can perform a specific (indicated) channel sensing type and / or CP extension within the COT duration based on the DCI information received from the base station. At the same time, the UE can share the COT duration obtained based on channel sensing with the base station that is the destination of the UE's UL transmission, and can provide relevant information through the UL based on the configured grant uplink control information (CG-UCI). In the above scenario, the base station can perform simplified channel sensing within the COT duration shared by the UE. At the same time, in the case of sidelink communication, there are situations where the UE receives information about the resources to be used for sidelink transmission from the base station through DCI or RRC signaling, such as Mode 1 resource allocation (RA) operation, and there are situations where the UE performs sidelink transmission and reception based on inter-UE sensing operation without the assistance of the base station, such as Mode 2 RA operation.

[0201] Meanwhile, in case of channel access type 1, which can be used regardless of the channel occupancy time (COT) configuration, DL transmission can be performed based on the procedures shown in Tables 12 to 13.

[0202] [Table 12]

[0203]

[0204]

[0205] [Table 13]

[0206]

[0207]

[0208] Meanwhile, for channel access type 1, which can be used regardless of the channel occupancy time (COT) configuration, UL transmission can be performed based on the procedures shown in Tables 14 and 15.

[0209] [Table 14]

[0210]

[0211]

[0212] [Table 15]

[0213]

[0214]

[0215] Meanwhile, channel access type 2, which is a simplified channel access type, may be used within a channel occupation time (COT) before transmission, and DL transmission may be performed based on the procedure shown in Table 16.

[0216] [Table 16]

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] Meanwhile, channel access type 2, which is a simplified channel access type, may be used within a channel occupation time (COT) before transmission, and UL transmission may be performed based on the procedure shown in Table 17.

[0220] [Table 17]

[0221]

[0222] In embodiments of the present disclosure, Type 2A SL channel access may be performed in the same manner as Type 2A DL and / or UL channel access. For example, Type 2A SL channel access may be performed within a sensing interval T_short_sl = 25 us, where the interval may consist of a duration T_f = 16 us immediately following a sensing timeslot, and T_f may include the sensing timeslot at the beginning of T_f. The basic idle determination in Type 2A SL channel access may also borrow the idle determination from DL or UL channel access.

[0223] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, type 2B SL channel access may be performed in the same manner as type 2B DL and / or UL channel access. For example, type 2B SL channel access may consist of a sensing interval T_f=16us, and T_f may include a sensing timeslot in the last 9us portion. For example, in the case of type 2B SL channel access, the UE may perform transmission immediately after sensing that the channel is idle for a duration of T_f=16us. T_f may include a sensing timeslot that occurs within the last 9us of T_f. The basic idle determination in type 2B SL channel access may also borrow idle determination from DL or UL channel access.

[0224] In embodiments of the present disclosure, Type 2C SL channel access may be performed in the same manner as Type 2C DL and / or UL channel access. For example, in the case of Type 2C SL channel access, the UE may not perform channel sensing. Alternatively, the duration of the SL transmission may be up to 584 μs.

[0225] In embodiments of the present disclosure, Type 1 SL channel access may be performed in the same manner as Type 1 DL and / or UL channel access. For example, the UE may randomly derive an integer value N based on the contention window size corresponding to the priority class. Then, if the channel sensing result within the delay duration T_d corresponding to the priority class is idle, the UE decrements the N-1 counter value by units of T_sl while idle. If the counter value is zero, the UE may occupy the RB set or the channel undergoing channel sensing. If the channel sensing result for a portion of the T_sl duration is determined to be busy, the UE may maintain the counter value until the channel sensing result within the delay duration T_d is idle, and the UE may continue to perform channel sensing. In the above, the delay duration T_d may be composed of T_f = 16us and m_p*T_sl consecutively after T_f = 16us, where m_p may be a value determined by the priority (p), and T_sl = 9us may be the time interval for performing channel sensing.

[0226] Hereinafter, a channel access priority class (CAPC) will be described.

[0227] The MAC CE and CAPC of radio bearers can be fixed or configured to operate in FR1:

[0228] - Fixed to the lowest priority for filling Buffer Status Report (BSR) and Bit Rate Recommendation MAC CE;

[0229] - For SRB0, SRB1, SRB3 and other MAC CEs, the priority is fixed to the highest priority;

[0230] - Configured by the eNodeB for SRB2 and DRB.

[0231] When selecting the CAPC for a DRB, the base station considers fairness between other service types and transmissions, while also considering the 5QI of all QoS flows multiplexed to the corresponding DRB. Table 10 shows which CAPC should be used for the standardized 5QI, that is, the CAPC for a given QoS flow. For the standardized 5QI, the CAPC is defined as shown in the table below, and for the non-standardized 5QI, the CAPC with the best QoS characteristics should be used.

[0232] [Table 18]

[0233]

[0234] Table 19 shows that mp, minimum contention window (CW), maximum CW, maximum channel occupancy time (MCOT), and allowed CW size vary in DL depending on the channel access priority class.

[0235] [Table 19]

[0236] Channel access priority class (p) <![CDATA[m p ]]> <![CDATA[CW min,p ]]> <![CDATA[CW max,p ]]> <![CDATA[T mcot,p ]]> <![CDATA[Allowed CW p Size]]> 1 1 3 7 2ms {3,7} 2 1 7 15 3ms {7,15} 3 3 15 63 8 or 10ms {15,31,63} 4 7 15 1023 8 or 10ms {15,31,63,127,255,511,1023}

[0237] Referring to Table 19, the contention window size (CWS), maximum COT value, etc. for each CAPC may be defined. For example, Td may be equal to Tf + mp * Tsl (Td = Tf + mp * Tsl).

[0238] Table 20 shows that in UL, mp, minimum contention window (CW), maximum CW, maximum channel occupancy time (MCOT), and allowed CW size vary depending on the channel access priority class.

[0239] [Table 20]

[0240] Channel access priority class (p) <![CDATA[m p ]]> <![CDATA[CW min,p ]]> <![CDATA[CW max,p ]]> <![CDATA[T ulmcot,p ]]> <![CDATA[Allowed CW p Size <!-- 23 -->]]> 1 2 3 7 2 ms {3,7} 2 2 7 15 4 ms {7,15} 3 3 15 1023 6 or 10 ms {15,31,63,127,255,511,1023} 4 7 15 1023 6 or 10 ms {15,31,63,127,255,511,1023}

[0241] Referring to Table 20, the contention window size (CWS), maximum COT value, etc. of each CAPC may be defined. For example, Td may be equal to Tf+mp*Tsl (Td=Tf+mp*Tsl).

[0242] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the UE has occupied a channel through a type 1 SL channel access, the UE may not be ready to send a sidelink transmission. In this case, the UE may configure a delay duration of length T_d and a sensing duration of length T_sl just before the sidelink transmission that it is ready to send. Here, if both are idle, the UE may perform the sidelink transmission immediately, but if at least one of the delay duration and the sensing duration is busy, the UE may perform type 1 SL channel access again. For example, if sidelink transmission is not possible at the end of channel sensing (for example, if the end of channel sensing is after the start of sidelink transmission), the UE may reselect the sidelink transmission resource. For example, the reselected resource may be selected by considering the end time of channel sensing and / or the length of the remaining sensing interval, etc. For example, the remaining sensing interval may be a value derived based on the assumption that all channel sensings are idle.

[0243] At the same time, fairness issues with other RATs may arise if the energy detection threshold or maximum transmit power used within the shared COT is configured more aggressively than the energy detection threshold or maximum transmit power consumption used for COT initialization.

[0244] Meanwhile, when the UE performs channel sensing for the channel sensing time slot and / or delay duration, etc., if the energy value measured for the time period is greater than or equal to a specific energy detection threshold, the UE may determine that the corresponding channel or RB set is busy. If the energy value measured for the time period is less than or equal to the specific energy detection threshold, the UE may determine that the corresponding channel or RB set is idle.

[0245] For example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE per resource pool. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE per transmission outside and / or within a resource pool. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE per QoS parameter. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE per CAPC. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE per SL priority level. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE individually within a COT or outside a COT (when a COT is initiated). And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE per transmission sequence within a Multiple Consecutive Time Slot Transmission (MCSt). And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for a UE per SL channel type. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each RB set for the UE. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each SL BWP for the UE. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each SL carrier for the UE. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each congestion control level for the UE. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each transmission operation or reception operation for the UE. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each transmit power level for the UE. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each transmission start time for the UE. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each channel access procedure type for transmission. And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each LBT failure rate for the UE. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be individually (pre-)configured based on whether the UE is a COT initiator UE, a COT responder UE, or another UE. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each broadcast type. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be individually (pre-)configured for each UE based on whether SL HARQ-ACK feedback is enabled. And / or, for example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for each HARQ-ACK feedback option.And / or, for example, an energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be (pre-)configured for the UE for each transmission attempt for the same information or TB. For example, the energy detection threshold used by the UE for channel sensing may be different for the S-SSB and the PSCCH / PSSCH and / or PSFCH. For example, the energy detection threshold used by the UE for channel sensing may be different when the S-SSB temporally overlaps with resources in the resource pool and when it does not temporally overlap with resources in the resource pool.

[0246] For example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be determined as the energy detection threshold X_r and / or T_max+10dB defined in the rules for the channel or carrier on which the UE performs sidelink transmission, and / or the minimum of these values. For example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be determined based on the minimum of X_r and T_max+10dB. For example, the value of T_max may be 10*log10(3.16228*10^-8 (mW / MHz) * BW MHz (MHz)), or a predefined fixed value. For example, the value of BW may be 20, or may be the bandwidth of the channel or RB set (with or without a guard band) on which the sidelink transmission is performed. For example, determining the energy detection threshold may only be used if there is no transmission by other RATs (e.g., WiFi and / or Bluetooth) and / or other links on the carrier, channel, or RB set on which the UE performs sidelink transmission, or if parameters related thereto are configured or indicated.

[0247] For example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be determined as a predefined value for the UE (e.g., -72 dBm) and / or a compensation value based on a predefined value of the bandwidth of the channel to be sensed (e.g., -72 + 10*log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) dBm) and / or a value of T_max and / or a value of T_A and / or a value of P_H and / or a value of P_TX, and / or a combination of parameters (e.g., T_max - T_A + (P_H + 10*log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) - P_TX) and / or a minimum value of the value of T_max and T_max - T_A + (P_H + 10*log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz) - P_TX) and / or a maximum value of the combination of these values. For example, the energy detection threshold for channel sensing may be obtained based on Equation 1.

[0248] [Formula 1]

[0249]

[0250] For example, the UE may configure the energy detection threshold to be less than or equal to the value based on X Thresh_max Obtained X' Thresh_max .

[0251] For example, the value of T_A may be a fixed value of 10 dB. For example, for S-SSB transmission, the value of T_A may be a value less than 10 dB (e.g., 5 dB). For example, for S-SSB transmission, the value of T_A may differ between the case where the resource is an additional resource (used to compensate for LBT failure) (e.g., a time domain resource that overlaps with a specific resource pool) and the case where the resource is a basic resource (or a time domain resource that does not overlap with any resource pool). For example, for S-SSB transmission on basic resources, the value of T_A may be 5 dB, and / or for S-SBB transmission on additional resources, the value of T_A may be 10 dB. For example, for broadcast PSCCH / PSSCH and / or SL channels / signals including SL CSI-RS and / or PSFCH, and / or signaling related to PC5-RRC connection / release / management and / or PC5-S signaling transmission, the value of T_A may be less than 10 dB (e.g., 5 dB). For example, the value of T_A may be different for the case where the transmission is within the COT and / or the case where the transmission is outside the COT (e.g., transmission for COT initialization) and / or for each channel access type (whether it is type 1, or each type).

[0252] Figure 11 An example of differently determining the T_A value based on whether the transmission occurs within the COT and / or based on the channel access type according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 11 The embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0253] Reference Figure 11 , the UE may obtain the COT duration. For example, the UE may generate the COT duration based on channel access type 1. For example, the UE may receive information related to the COT duration from another UE. In this case, for example, the T_A value used to determine the energy detection threshold for channel sensing outside the COT duration may be different from the T_A value used to determine the energy detection threshold for channel sensing within the COT duration. For example, the T_A value used to determine the energy detection threshold for channel sensing for SL transmission including only S-SSB outside the COT duration may be different from the T_A value used to determine the energy detection threshold for channel sensing for SL transmission within the COT duration. In this case, for example, the channel sensing for SL transmission including only S-SSB outside the COT duration may be a type 2 SL channel access procedure (e.g., a type 2A SL channel access procedure).

[0254] For example, the T_A value used to determine the energy detection threshold for channel sensing for SL transmission including only S-SSB outside the COT duration may be 5 dB. For example, the T_A value used to determine the energy detection threshold for channel sensing for SL transmission within the COT duration may be 10 dB.

[0255] For example, for transmissions within the COT, the value of T_A may be 5 dB, and / or for transmissions initialized by the COT, the value of T_A may be 10 dB.

[0256] For example, the value of T_A may be different for each PSFCH instance associated with a PSSCH. For example, the value of T_A may increase as the number of PSFCH transmission attempts increases. This may be done to ensure fairness between transmissions with different numbers of transmission attempts. For example, the value of T_A may decrease as the number of PSFCH transmission attempts increases. This may be done to increase the probability of PSFCH transmission.

[0257] For example, the value of P_H can be determined based on the power class of the UE performing channel sensing. For example, the value of P_TX can be determined by the UE based on P_CMAX,H,c. For example, the value of P_TX can differ based on the type of SL channel to be transmitted by the UE. For example, the value of P_TX may differ for PSCCH / PSSCH and / or PSFCH and / or S-SSB transmissions. This is based on determining the value of P_CMAX,H,c for PSCCH / PSSCH based on a power value determined according to the UE's rules and / or power class and / or the (pre-)configured maximum transmit power value in the resource pool; / or for PSFCH based on a power value determined according to the UE's rules and / or power class and / or the sum of the (pre-)configured highest transmit power values in the resource pool performing simultaneous PSFCH transmissions; and / or for S-SSB based on a power value determined according to the UE's rules and / or power class. For example, the value of P_TX may differ for transmissions in the time domain belonging to a resource pool and for transmissions in the frequency domain not belonging to that resource pool. For example, the scheme for determining the energy detection threshold may only be used when there is no guarantee that there will be no transmissions from other RATs (e.g., WiFi and / or Bluetooth) and / or other links on the carrier, channel, or RB set where the UE is experiencing sidelink transmissions, or when no parameters related to this are configured or indicated. For example, the value of P_TX may be the (pre-)configured maximum sidelink transmit power based on the congestion control level. Furthermore, to account for COT sharing, etc., the energy detection threshold and / or the corresponding (maximum) transmit power value may need to be the same. For example, the value of P_TX may be (pre-)configured for each SL BWP and / or each SL carrier. That is, in the above scenarios, the value of P_TX may remain the same for a resource pool, or within or outside a resource pool. For example, the value of P_TX may be configured as the P_CMAX,H,c value for each resource pool configured for the UE and / or the P_CMAX,H,c value outside a resource pool, or the maximum value of the P_CMAX,H,c values for simultaneous S-SSB and / or PSFCH transmissions. For example, the value of P_TX may be configured as the minimum of the P_CMAX,H,c values for each resource pool configured for the UE and / or the P_CMAX,H,c values outside the resource pool, or the P_CMAX,H,c values for simultaneous transmission of S-SSB and / or PSFCH. For example, the value of P_TX may be configured as the average of the P_CMAX,H,c values for each resource pool configured for the UE and / or the P_CMAX,H,c values outside the resource pool, or the P_CMAX,H,c values for simultaneous transmission of S-SSB and / or PSFCH. For example, the P_CMAX,H,c value for simultaneous transmission of PSFCH may be a P_CMAX,H,c value determined based on the sum of the P_EMAX,c values of all resource pools in which PSFCH resources are configured.For example, the (transmission) resource pool between the COT of the originating UE (transmission) and the COT of the consuming UE (transmission) may be restricted to be the same.

[0258] For example, the energy detection threshold used for channel sensing can be a value obtained by adding a specific offset value to a value determined by the UE. For example, the energy detection threshold used for channel sensing can be a value obtained by subtracting the specific offset value from the value determined by the UE. For example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each resource pool. And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each transmission outside and / or within a resource pool. And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each QoS parameter. And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each CAPC. And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each SL priority. And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured individually within a Coordinating Time Transmission (COT) or outside (when initiating a COT). And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each transmission sequence within a Multiple Consecutive Time Slot Transmission (MCSt). And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each SL channel type. And / or, for example, a specific offset value can be (pre-)configured for each RB group. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each SL BWP. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each SL carrier. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each congestion control level. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each transmission operation or reception operation. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each transmit power level. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each transmission start time. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each channel access procedure type used for transmission. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each LBT failure rate. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured individually based on whether the UE is a COT initiator UE, a COT responder UE, or another UE. And / or, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each broadcast type. Alternatively, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured individually depending on whether SL HARQ-ACK feedback is enabled. Alternatively, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each HARQ-ACK feedback option. Alternatively, for example, a specific offset value may be (pre-)configured for each number of transmission attempts for the same information or TB.

[0259] For example, in the case of NACK-only feedback and / or multicast PSSCH with HARQ-ACK feedback option 1, if a transmitting UE that has transmitted PSCCH / PSSCH fails to detect the PSSCH for the PSSCH in all or part of a plurality of PSSCH opportunities associated with the PSSCH, the transmitting UE may determine the PSSCH as ACK. For example, if a transmitting UE that has transmitted PSCCH / PSSCH fails to detect NACK-only feedback for the multicast PSSCH for the number of PSFCH opportunities (pre-)configured for the UE, the transmitting UE may determine the PSSCH as ACK.

[0260] Meanwhile, if the first energy detection threshold and / or the first (maximum) transmit power value corresponding to the threshold used for COT initialization and / or for the type 1 channel access procedure is different from the second energy detection threshold and / or the second (maximum) transmit power value corresponding to the threshold used for COT sharing / use and / or for the type 2 channel access procedure, and / or if the second (maximum) transmit power is greater than the first (maximum) transmit power, there may be fairness issues in the unlicensed band or shared spectrum.

[0261] For example, the energy detection threshold used for the UE to initialize the COT itself and / or transmit outside the COT and / or perform the type 1 channel access procedure may be different from the energy detection threshold used for transmitting within the COT and / or performing the type 2 series of channel access procedures.

[0262] For example, a UE may configure a second energy detection threshold for COT sharing / use and / or performing a Type 2 series channel access procedure to be equal to and / or less than a first energy detection threshold for initializing a shared COT. For example, a COT-initiating UE and / or a third UE may be instructed / configured with a first energy detection threshold, and / or instructed or configured with a second energy detection threshold or a maximum or minimum threshold value. For example, a COT-initiating UE may provide other UEs with COT sharing information and / or energy detection threshold information for COT initialization, and / or information about the maximum energy detection threshold of the COT-initiating UE. For example, based on energy detection threshold (EDT) information, when sharing a COT, a COT-responding UE may configure the EDT configuration and / or the (maximum) TX power to be transmitted during the COT duration. For example, a method for deriving the (maximum) TX power from the EDT information may be converting the EDT into TX power based on the energy detection procedure of the COT-responding UE. For example, a method for deriving the (maximum) TX power from the EDT information may be converting the EDT into TX power based on the energy detection procedure of the COT-initiating UE. To this end, the COT initiator UE may provide the COT responding UE with information on whether the transmission is in the resource pool and / or inside or outside the (transmission) resource pool and / or the SL channel type used for COT initialization, etc. Alternatively, the information may be (pre-)configured.

[0263] For example, a UE may configure a second (maximum) transmit power value for a sidelink channel / signal transmitted via a Type 2 series channel access procedure and / or for COT sharing / use to be equal to and / or less than a first (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal used to initialize the shared COT. For example, a UE may be instructed / configured with a first (maximum) transmit power value and / or instructed / configured with a second (maximum) transmit power value and / or a maximum or minimum power value from a COT-initiating UE and / or a third UE. For example, UEs sharing a COT may infer the first (maximum) transmit power value based on a combination of the SL channel / signal used to initialize the COT and / or the SL resource pool through which the SL channel / information is transmitted, etc.

[0264] For example, the UE may configure the second (maximum) transmit power value of the side link channel / signal shared / used through the type 2 series channel access procedure and / or for COT to be equal to and / or less than a reference transmit power value derived from or corresponding to the first energy detection threshold for initializing the shared COT.

[0265] For example, for each SL channel type for COT initialization and / or each SL channel type for COT sharing / use and / or each (transmit and / or receive) resource pool for the SL channel used for COT initialization and / or each (transmit and / or receive) resource pool for the SL channel for COT sharing / use, the second (maximum) transmit power value and / or the second energy detection threshold for the sidelink channel / signal sent by the UE through the type 2 series channel access procedure and / or for COT sharing / use and / or the upper limit for the second (maximum) transmit power value and / or the lower limit for the second energy detection threshold may be different, or may be (pre)configured and / or indicated by L1 or L2 signaling.

[0266] At the same time, a UE may transmit across multiple RB sets, and / or the EDT value may differ across multiple RB sets. For example, in the above-described circumstances, the UE may limit / configure the maximum transmit power based on the EDT value for a specific RB set, and / or perform a channel access attempt based on a specific EDT value. For example, the specific RB set may be an RB set having an EDT value corresponding to the maximum transmit power value, / or the minimum transmit power value, and / or the average of the maximum transmit power values across multiple RB sets. For example, the EDT value may be a value determined based on the transmit power for each RB group (within the RB group) and / or based on (pre-)configured parameters and / or (pre-)set parameters for COT sharing.

[0267] For example, if the SL channel / signal of the UE meets the COT sharing / usage conditions (e.g., if the CAPC value is less than or equal to the CAPC value used for COT initialization and / or if the transmission is performed with (at least) the COT initiating UE as the receiving UE), the COT can be shared / used.

[0268] For example, when a UE shares its initialized / acquired COT with another UE, the COT may be a COT on which the UE performs channel sensing based on an EDT value (pre) configured for COT sharing and / or a value less than or equal to the EDT value.

[0269] For example, if the UE receives shared COT information from another UE, and / or if the UE is the target of the shared COT, and / or if the UE's transmission CAPC value is less than or equal to the CAPC value used when initializing the shared COT, and / or if the receiving UE of at least one of the UE's transmissions is a UE for which the COT has been initialized, the UE may determine the SL channel transmission using the shared COT and / or change the power value of the SL channel transmission based on the EDT value used for the shared COT.

[0270] For example, if the UE receives shared COT information from another UE, and / or if the UE is the target of the shared COT, and / or if the UE's transmission CAPC value is less than or equal to the CAPC value used in initializing the shared COT, and / or if the receiving UE of at least one of the UE's transmissions is a UE for which the COT has been initialized, then if the power value used for SL channel transmission is less than or greater than the maximum power value based on the EDT value used for the shared COT, the UE may use the shared COT, and if the power value is greater than or equal to the maximum power value, the UE may not use the shared COT.

[0271] For example, whether a UE that has (additionally) received shared COT information controls the power of the COT based on the EDT for the shared COT, or determines the use of the shared COT based on the UE's power value may be determined based on the UE implementation and / or may be (pre-)configured and / or indicated by the UE that has initialized the COT.

[0272] For example, an EDT value for initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing can be (pre-)configured for each CAPC value and / or for each L1 priority value for a SL channel used for COT initialization. And / or, for example, an EDT value for initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing can be (pre-)configured for each (transmit and / or receive) resource pool. And / or, for example, an EDT value for initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing can be (pre-)configured for each SL channel type. And / or, for example, an EDT value for initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing can be (pre-)configured for each combination of RB sets included in the shared COT or for each number of RB sets. And / or, for example, an EDT value for initializing the COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing can be (pre-)configured for each congestion control level. And / or, for example, an EDT value for initializing COT for UE-to-UE COT sharing may be (pre-)configured for each CAPC value and / or for each L1 priority value for a SL channel capable of using COT.

[0273] At the same time, in order to improve detection performance, etc., the UE can configure the (maximum) transmit power value of the SL channel / signal used for the COT duration to be greater than the first (maximum) transmit power value of the SL channel / signal used for COT initialization and / or the reference transmit power value corresponding to the first energy detection threshold used for COT initialization.

[0274] For example, if the UE configures / uses a (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal that is greater than the first (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal used for COT initialization and / or a reference transmit power value corresponding to the first energy detection threshold used for COT initialization during the COT duration, and / or if the UE uses a second energy detection threshold for the SL channel / signal that is greater than the first energy detection threshold used for COT initialization during the COT duration, the UE may use a Type 1 channel access procedure when attempting to transmit the SL channel / information. For example, in the above case, the UE may cancel COT sharing / use.

[0275] For example, if, when attempting to transmit a SL channel / information, the UE configures / uses a (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal that is greater than the first (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal used for COT initialization and / or the reference transmit power value corresponding to the first energy detection threshold used for COT initialization during the COT duration, and / or if the UE uses a second energy detection threshold for the SL channel / signal that is greater than the first energy detection threshold used for COT initialization during the COT duration, the UE may limit the transmission time interval length of the SL channel / signal sharing / using the COT to a predetermined level or less and / or a specific SL channel type. For example, the predetermined level may be configured differently based on the subcarrier spacing (SCS). For example, for SCS = 15, 30, and 60 kHz, the predetermined level may be 2, 4, and 8 symbol interval lengths, respectively. For example, the SL channel type may be PSFCH and / or S-SSB.

[0276] For example, if, when the UE attempts to transmit the SL channel / signal, the UE configures / uses a (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / signal that is greater than the first (maximum) transmit power value for the SL channel / information used for COT initialization and / or a reference transmit power value corresponding to the first energy detection threshold used for COT initialization during the COT duration, and / or if the UE uses a second energy detection threshold for the SL channel / signal that is greater than the first energy detection threshold used for COT initialization during the COT duration, then the situation where unicast PSCCH / PSSCH and / or user plane data are included in the SL channel / signal sharing / usage can exclude COT.

[0277] For example, the UE may increase and / or decrease the energy detection threshold based on the channel sensing results of previous transmissions and / or whether LBT was successful or unsuccessful and / or the success or failure ratio. For example, when LBT fails and / or the LBT failure rate increases, the UE may lower the energy detection threshold when performing channel sensing. This has the advantage that the UE is more likely to determine the channel sensing result as idle in subsequent transmissions.

[0278] For example, when the UE performs channel sensing for SL burst transmission and / or SL channel / signal transmission over multiple consecutive time slots, the energy detection threshold may be determined based on the maximum value among the (maximum) transmit power values for the multiple SL channels / signals. For example, depending on the processing time of the UE, the SL channel / signal used to determine the maximum value may be the maximum value of all or part of the SL channels / information in the SL burst transmission. For example, when the UE performs channel sensing for SL burst transmission and / or SL channel / signal transmission over multiple consecutive time slots, the energy detection threshold may be determined based on the minimum value among the energy detection thresholds for the multiple SL channels / information.

[0279] For example, an energy detection threshold for an SL transmission burst may be derived based on a maximum value of the (maximum) power values used for transmissions included in the SL transmission burst. For example, a reference EDT for an SL TX burst may be (pre-)configured, and / or a reference (maximum) transmit power used to derive the EDT may be (pre-)configured. For example, the transmit power value for transmissions in an SL TX burst may be configured to be less than and / or equal to a power value corresponding to an energy detection threshold referenced / used in channel access for the SL TX burst. For example, when generating an SL transmission burst and / or a multiple consecutive time slot transmission (MCSt) during a resource (re)selection process, the UE may determine whether and how to configure the SL transmission burst and / or MCSt based on the (reference) energy detection threshold and / or the (maximum) transmit power used for each transmission. For example, when selecting the transmission resources included in the SL transmission burst based on the energy detection threshold and / or (maximum) transmission power value used for the SL transmission burst and / or MCSt, the UE may prioritize transmissions having an energy detection threshold that is less than or equal to the energy detection threshold, and / or may prioritize transmissions having a transmission power value that is less than or equal to the (maximum) transmission power value or corresponding to the energy detection threshold.

[0280] For example, the maximum transmit power value may be a value determined by a power value for adjustment and / or a maximum transmit power configured in a resource pool and / or a power class of the UE.

[0281] For example, the maximum transmit power value may be a value selected by the UE between an upper limit determined by the power value used for adjustment and / or the maximum transmit power configured in the power class of the resource pool and / or the UE and a lower limit determined by the power value used for adjustment and / or the maximum transmit power value configured in the power class of the resource pool and / or the UE and / or a maximum power reduction ratio (MPR) and / or an additional margin, etc.

[0282] For example, the maximum transmit power value may be a (pre-)configured maximum sidelink transmit power based on the congestion control level.

[0283] For example, transmission attempts using the Type 2 family of channel access procedures can be handled differently, divided into transmissions according to COT sharing and / or transmissions according to short control signaling exemption.

[0284] For example, a UE (COT-R (COT responding) UE) that has received COT shared information from another UE (COT-I (COT initiator) UE) can skip channel sensing through COT sharing and / or use the Type 2 series of channel access procedures only when the broadcast PSCCH / PSSCH and / or multicast PSCCH / PSVCH (in the case where the COT-I UE is included as a receiver) do not include user plane data. For example, even if a unicast PSCCH / PSSCH transmission that does not include user plane data has a UE other than the COT-I UE as a receiver, a COT-R UE that has received COT shared information from the COT-I UE can skip channel sensing through COT sharing and / or use the Type 2 series of channel access procedures. For example, a COT-R UE may determine whether to share / use COT based on the presence of user plane data and / or control plane data (e.g., PC5-RRC, PC5-S signaling and / or Direct Communication Request (DCR), Direct Communication Accept (DCA) messages, discovery, etc.) and / or third-party criteria (e.g., in a logical channel indicated / (pre-)configured as user plane data).

[0285] The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied in different combinations depending on whether the transmission is within or outside the channel occupancy time (COT). Depending on the form of the COT (e.g., semi-static or time-varying), the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied in different combinations. The embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied in different combinations depending on whether guard bands exist between carriers or RB groups, or according to regulations.

[0286] For example, the channel access type and whether / how to indicate it may be applied differently for each SL channel.For example, the channel access type and whether / how to indicate the channel access type may be applied differently according to the type of information included in the SL channel.

[0287] The embodiments of the present disclosure may be different and / or (pre-)configured according to the resource pool, and / or according to transmission outside and / or within the resource pool, and / or according to QoS parameters, and / or according to CAPC, and / or according to SL priority, and / or according to transmission within or outside the COT (when initializing the COT), and / or according to the transmission order within the MCSt, and / or according to the SL channel type, and / or according to the RB set, and / or according to the SL-BWP, and / or according to the SL carrier, and / or according to the congestion control level, and / or according to the transmit operation or the receive operation, and / or according to the transmit power level, and / or according to the transmission start time, and / or according to the channel access procedure type used for the transmission, and / or according to the LBT failure rate, and / or according to the COT initiator UE or the COT responder UE or other UE, and / or according to the broadcast type, and / or according to enabled or disabled SL HARQ-ACK feedback, and / or according to the HARQ-ACK feedback option, and / or according to the number of transmission attempts for the same information or TB. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, (pre-)configuration may be performed according to the resource pool, and / or according to transmission outside and / or within the resource pool, and / or according to QoS parameters, and / or according to CAPC, and / or according to SL priority, and / or according to transmission within or outside the COT (when initializing the COT), according to and / or transmission order within the MCSt, and / or according to the SL channel type, and / or according to the RB set, and / or according to the SL-BWP, and / or according to the SL carrier, and / or according to the congestion control level, and / or according to the transmit operation or the receive operation, and / or according to the transmit power level, and / or according to the transmission start time, and / or according to the channel access procedure type used for transmission, and / or according to the LBT failure rate, and / or according to the COT initiator UE or the COT responding UE or other UE, and / or according to the broadcast type, and / or according to enabled or disabled SL HARQ-ACK feedback, and / or according to the HARQ-ACK feedback option, and / or according to the number of transmission attempts for the same information or TB.

[0288] Figure 12 A method for a first device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 12 The embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0289] Reference Figure 12In step S1210, the first device may obtain a channel occupancy time (COT). In step S1220, the first device may configure an energy detection threshold for determining whether the sensing slot duration is idle. In step S1230, the first device may perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold. In step S1240, the first device may perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on T_A, and T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0290] For example, the SL transmission may include a sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB). For example, T_A may be determined differently based on whether the SL transmission including the S-SSB occurs outside the COT.

[0291] For example, based on the SL transmission including an S-SSB that occurs outside the COT, T_A may be 5 dB. For example, the channel access procedure for the SL transmission including the S-SSB may be a Type 2A SL channel access procedure. For example, based on the first device being instructed to perform the Type 2A SL channel access procedure, the first device may sense the channel within a 25 μs sensing interval for the SL transmission including the S-SSB.

[0292] For example, T_A may be 10 dB based on the occurrence of SL transmission within the COT.

[0293] For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a value obtained by subtracting T_A from T_max. For example, T_max may be 10·log10(3.16228·10 -8 (mW / MHz)·BW MHz (MHz)). For example, BW may be a channel bandwidth. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on the maximum value among the values obtained by subtracting T_A from T_max and -72 + 10·log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz)) (dBm).

[0294] For example, the COT may be initialized by the first device, and information related to the COT may be sent from the first device to the second device. For example, a first energy detection threshold used by the first device for channel access may be equal to a second energy detection threshold used by the second device for channel access. For example, the maximum allowable transmit power of the second device may be determined based on the second energy detection threshold.

[0295] For example, information related to the COT may be received from the second device.

[0296] The proposed method can be applied to devices based on various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may obtain a channel occupancy time (COT). Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may configure an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is idle. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may perform a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold. Furthermore, the processor 102 of the first device 100 may control the transceiver 106 to perform a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on T_A, and T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0297] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a first device adapted to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the first device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, upon execution by the at least one processor, may cause the first device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing timeslot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a time interval (T_A), and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0298] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device adapted to control a first device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, upon execution of the instructions by the at least one processor, the first device may perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing timeslot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a time interval (T_A), and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0299] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions may cause a first device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing timeslot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and performing a sidelink (SL) transmission. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured based on a time interval (T_A), and the T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0300] Figure 13A method for a second device to perform wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 13 The embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0301] Reference Figure 13 In step S1310, the second device may obtain a channel occupancy time (COT). In step S1320, the second device may receive a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device. For example, the first device may perform a channel access procedure based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether the sensing slot duration is idle. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured by the first device based on T_A. For example, T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0302] The proposed method can be applied to devices based on various embodiments of the present disclosure. First, the processor 202 of the second device 200 may obtain a channel occupancy time (COT). Furthermore, the processor 202 of the second device 200 may control the transceiver 206 to receive a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device. For example, based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is idle, the first device may perform a channel access procedure. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured by the first device based on the time interval (T_A). For example, the time interval (T_A) may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0303] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a second device adapted to perform wireless communication may be provided. For example, the second device may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, upon execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from a first device. For example, based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing timeslot duration is idle, the first device may perform a channel access procedure. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured by the first device based on a time interval (T_A). For example, T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0304] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing device adapted to control a second device may be provided. For example, the processing device may include: at least one processor; and at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions. For example, the instructions, upon execution by the at least one processor, may cause the second device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from a first device. For example, based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing timeslot duration is idle, the first device may perform a channel access procedure. For example, the energy detection threshold may be configured by the first device based on a time interval (T_A). For example, T_A may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0305] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions may be provided. For example, when executed, the instructions may cause a second device to perform operations including: obtaining a channel occupancy time (COT); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from a first device. For example, the first device may perform a channel access procedure based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing slot duration is idle. For example, the first device may configure the energy detection threshold based on a time interval (T_A). For example, the time interval (T_A) may be determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

[0306] Based on various embodiments of the present disclosure, UEs that initialize and share a COT and UEs that use a shared COT can perform LBT operations based on (pre-)configured EDT values. For example, UEs using a shared COT can adjust their maximum power accordingly. For example, in the case of S-SSB transmission, different T_A values can be used inside and outside the COT. In this way, fairness between different RATs can be guaranteed when sharing a COT. In addition, in the case of S-SBS transmission, fairness issues can be avoided by using the same standard T_A value inside the COT while obtaining transmission opportunities outside the COT.

[0307] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with each other.

[0308] Hereinafter, devices to which various embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied will be described.

[0309] The various descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows of the present disclosure described herein may be applied to, but not limited to, various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (e.g., 5G) between devices.

[0310] Hereinafter, a more detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following drawings / descriptions, unless otherwise described, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or functional blocks.

[0311] Figure 14 A communication system 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 14 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0312] refer to Figure 14 The communication system 1 to which various embodiments of the present disclosure are applied includes a wireless device, a base station (BS), and a network. Herein, a wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (RAT) (e.g., 5G New RAT (NR) or Long Term Evolution (LTE)) and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. Wireless devices may include, but are not limited to, a robot 100a, vehicles (100b-1, 100b-2), an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with wireless communication capabilities, an autonomous vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication. Herein, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). XR devices may include augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) devices and may be implemented in the form of head-mounted devices (HMDs), vehicle-mounted heads-up displays (HUDs), televisions, smartphones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, and the like. Handheld devices may include smartphones, smartpads, wearable devices (e.g., smartwatches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., laptops). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, a base station (BS) and a network may be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a base station (BS) / network node relative to other wireless devices.

[0313] Here, in addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may also include Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) for low-power communication. In this case, for example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented as standards such as LTE Cat. NB1 and / or LTE Cat. NB2, without being limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. In this case, as an example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN and may be referred to by various names including enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented as at least any one of various standards such as 1) LTE Cat. 0, 2) LTE Cat. M1, 3) LTE Cat. M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication, and / or 7) LTE M, without being limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100a to 100f of the present disclosure may include at least one of Bluetooth, a low-power wide area network (LPWAN), and ZigBee, which considers low-power communication, and is not limited to the above-mentioned names. As an example, ZigBee technology can generate a personal area network (PAN) related to low / low-power digital communication based on various standards including IEEE 802.15.4, and can be referred to by various names.

[0314] Wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to a network 300 via a base station (BS) 200. AI technology can be applied to wireless devices 100a to 100f, and wireless devices 100a to 100f can connect to an AI server 400 via network 300. Network 300 can be configured using a 3G network, a 4G network (e.g., LTE), or a 5G network (e.g., NR). While wireless devices 100a to 100f can communicate with each other via BS 200 / network 300, wireless devices 100a to 100f can also communicate directly with each other (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 can communicate directly (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). IoT devices (e.g., sensors) can also communicate directly with other IoT devices (e.g., sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0315] Wireless communication / connections 150a, 150b, or 150c may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS 200, or between BS 200 and BS 200. The wireless communication / connections may be established via various RATs (e.g., 5G NR), such as uplink / downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), or inter-BS communication (e.g., relay, integrated access backhaul (IAB)). The wireless device and BS / wireless device may transmit / receive radio signals to / from each other via wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b. For example, wireless communication / connections 150a and 150b may transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, various configuration information configuration procedures, various signal processing procedures (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and at least a portion of resource allocation procedures for transmitting / receiving radio signals may be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0316] Figure 15 A wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 15 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0317] refer to Figure 15 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 may transmit radio signals via various RATs (eg, LTE and NR). Herein, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Figure 14 {wireless device 100x and BS 200} and / or {wireless device 100x and wireless device 100x} in.

[0318] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may also include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas (antenna units) 108. The processor(s) 102 may control the memory(s) 104 and / or the transceiver(s) 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processor(s) 102 may process information in the memory(s) 104 to generate first information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signals via the transceiver(s) 106. The processor(s) 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signals via the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signals in the memory(s) 104. Memory(s) 104 may be connected to processor(s) 102 and may store various information related to the operation of processor(s) 102. For example, memory(s) 104 may store software code including instructions for executing part or all of the processing controlled by processor(s) 102 or for carrying out the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. Here, processor(s) 102 and memory(s) 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuitry / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). Transceiver(s) 106 may be connected to processor(s) 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via antenna(s) 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver(s) 106 may be interchangeably used with radio frequency (RF) unit(s). In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuitry / chip.

[0319] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may also include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor(s) 202 may control the memory(s) 204 and / or the transceiver(s) 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. For example, the processor(s) 202 may process information in the memory(s) 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signals via the transceiver(s) 206. The processor(s) 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals via the transceiver(s) 106, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory(s) 204. The memory(s) 204 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor(s) 202. For example, the memory(s) 204 may store software code including instructions for executing part or all of the processing controlled by the processor(s) 202 or for carrying out the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. Here, the processor(s) 202 and the memory(s) 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuitry / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver(s) 206 may be connected to the processor(s) 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals via the antenna(s) 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver(s) 206 may be used interchangeably with the RF unit(s). In this disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuitry / chip.

[0320] The hardware elements of wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. One or more protocol layers may be, but are not limited to, implemented by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document, and provide the generated signal to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206, and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and / or operational procedures disclosed in this document.

[0321] The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. The one or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented using hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, procedures, or functions. The firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be included in the one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in the one or more memories 104 and 204, thereby being driven by the one or more processors 102 and 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods and / or operational flows disclosed in this document may be implemented using software or firmware in the form of codes, commands and / or command sets.

[0322] One or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and can store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions, and / or commands. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be composed of read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, a hard drive, registers, cash memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be located internally and / or externally to the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more memories 104 and 204 can be connected to the one or more processors 102 and 202 via various technologies, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0323] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can transmit user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels described in the methods and / or operational flows of this document to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 can receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels described in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and can transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 can control the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 can control the one or more transceivers 106 and 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208, and may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, and / or radio signals / channels as described in the descriptions, functions, processes, proposals, methods, and / or operational flows disclosed herein via the one or more antennas 108 and 208. In this document, the one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using the one or more processors 102 and 202. The one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert the user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed by the one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more of the transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0324] Figure 16 A signal processing circuit for transmitting a signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 16 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0325] refer to Figure 16 , the signal processing circuit 1000 may include a scrambler 1010, a modulator 1020, a layer mapper 1030, a precoder 1040, a resource mapper 1050 and a signal generator 1060. Figure 16 operations / functions, not limited to Figure 15The processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) of Figure 15 The processor (102, 202) and / or transceiver (106, 206) are implemented Figure 16 For example, you can Figure 15 The processor (102, 202) implements blocks 1010 to 1060. Alternatively, the Figure 15 The processor (102, 202) implements blocks 1010 to 1050 and can be Figure 15 The transceiver (106, 206) implements block 1060.

[0326] Can be passed Figure 16 Signal processing circuit 1000 converts a codeword into a radio signal. Herein, a codeword is a coded bit sequence of an information block. An information block may include a transport block (e.g., a UL-SCH transport block, a DL-SCH transport block). Radio signals may be transmitted via various physical channels (e.g., the PUSCH and PDSCH).

[0327] Specifically, the codeword may be converted into a scrambled bit sequence by a scrambler 1010. The scrambling sequence used for scrambling may be generated based on an initial value, which may include the wireless device ID information. The scrambled bit sequence may be modulated into a modulation symbol sequence by a modulator 1020. Modulation schemes may include pi / 2 binary phase shift keying (pi / 2-BPSK), m-phase shift keying (m-PSK), and m-quadrature amplitude modulation (m-QAM). The complex modulation symbol sequence may be mapped to one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper 1030. The modulation symbols for each transmission layer may be mapped (precoded) to one or more corresponding antenna ports by a precoder 1040. The output z of the precoder 1040 may be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 1030 by an N*M precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports and M is the number of transmission layers. The precoder 1040 may perform precoding after performing transform precoding (e.g., DFT) on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder 1040 may perform precoding without performing transform precoding.

[0328] Resource mapper 1050 can map the modulation symbols for each antenna port to time-frequency resources. Time-frequency resources can include multiple symbols in the time domain (e.g., CP-OFDMA symbols and DFT-s-OFDMA symbols) and multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. Signal generator 1060 can generate a radio signal from the mapped modulation symbols, and the generated radio signal can be transmitted to other devices through each antenna. To this end, signal generator 1060 may include an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) module, a cyclic prefix (CP) inserter, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), and an upconverter.

[0329] Can Figure 16 The signal processing process for the signal received in the wireless device is configured in the opposite manner to the signal processing process (1010-1060) of the wireless device. For example, the wireless device (e.g., Figure 15 100, 200) can receive a radio signal from the outside through the antenna port / transceiver. The received radio signal can be converted into a baseband signal by a signal restorer. To this end, the signal restorer may include a frequency downlink converter, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a CP remover, and a fast Fourier transform (FFT) module. Next, the baseband signal can be restored to a codeword through a resource demapping process, a post-coding process, a demodulation processor, and a descrambling process. The codeword can be restored to the original information block through decoding. Therefore, the signal processing circuit (not shown) for receiving the signal may include a signal restorer, a resource demapper, a post-coding process, a demodulator, a descrambler, and a decoder.

[0330] Figure 17 Another example of a wireless device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The wireless device can be implemented in various forms according to use cases / services (refer to Figure 14 ). Figure 17 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0331] refer to Figure 17 , the wireless device (100, 200) may correspond to Figure 15 The wireless devices (100, 200) may be configured by various elements, components, units / portions and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices (100, 200) may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and additional components 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and (one or more) transceivers 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Figure 15 One or more processors (102, 202) and / or one or more memories (104, 204). For example, the transceiver(s) 114 may include Figure 15The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 can control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 can transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0332] The additional component 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional component 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be implemented in the following forms without limitation: a robot ( Figure 14 100a), vehicles ( Figure 14 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Figure 14 100c), handheld device ( Figure 14 100d), household appliances ( Figure 14 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 14 100f), digital broadcasting terminal, hologram device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Figure 14 400), BS ( Figure 14 200), network nodes, etc. Depending on the use case / service, the wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed place.

[0333] exist Figure 17In the wireless device (100, 200), all of the various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules in the wireless device (100, 200) can be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least part of them can be connected wirelessly through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices (100, 200), the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 can be connected through a wired interface, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) can be connected wirelessly through the communication unit 110. Each element, component, unit / part, and / or module within the wireless device (100, 200) can also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 can be constructed by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 can be constructed by a collection of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit, and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory 130 can be constructed by a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0334] Hereinafter, the implementation will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 17 .

[0335] Figure 18 A handheld device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The handheld device may include a smartphone, a smartpad, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch or smart glasses), or a portable computer (e.g., a notebook). The handheld device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT). Figure 18 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0336] refer to Figure 18 , the handheld device 100 may include an antenna unit (108), a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, a power supply unit 140a, an interface unit 140b and an I / O unit 140c. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 to 130 / 140a to 140c correspond to Figure 17 Frame 110 to 130 / 140.

[0337] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data signals and control signals) to and from other wireless devices or base stations. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling the components of the handheld device 100. The control unit 120 may include an application processor (AP). The memory unit 130 can store data, parameters, programs, codes, and commands required to operate the handheld device 100. The memory unit 130 can also store input and output data and information. The power supply unit 140a can supply power to the handheld device 100 and may include wired and wireless charging circuits, a battery, and the like. The interface unit 140b can support connection between the handheld device 100 and other external devices. The interface unit 140b may include various ports for connecting to external devices (e.g., audio and video I / O ports). The I / O unit 140c can input and output user-input video information / signals, audio information / signals, data, and / or information. The I / O unit 140c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 140d, a speaker, and / or a haptic module.

[0338] For example, in the case of data communication, the I / O unit 140c can obtain information / signals input by the user (e.g., touch, text, voice, image, or video), and the obtained information / signals can be stored in the memory unit 130. The communication unit 110 can convert the information / signals stored in the memory into radio signals and transmit the converted radio signals directly to other wireless devices or to a base station. The communication unit 110 can receive radio signals from other wireless devices or base stations and then restore the received radio signals to the original information / signals. The restored information / signals can be stored in the memory unit 130 and can be output in various formats (e.g., text, voice, image, video, or tactile) through the I / O unit 140.

[0339] Figure 19 A vehicle or autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The vehicle or autonomous vehicle can be implemented by a mobile robot, a car, a train, a manned / unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, etc. Figure 19 The embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined with various embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0340] refer to Figure 19 , the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 may include an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a drive unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and an autonomous driving unit 140d. The antenna unit 108 may be configured as part of the communication unit 110. Blocks 110 / 130 / 140a to 140d correspond to Figure 17 Box 110 / 130 / 140.

[0341] The communication unit 110 can send and receive signals (e.g., data and control signals) to and from external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g., gNBs and roadside units), and servers. The control unit 120 can perform various operations by controlling components of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100. The control unit 120 may include an electronic control unit (ECU). The drive unit 140a can cause the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 to travel on the road. The drive unit 140a may include an engine, motor, transmission system, wheels, brakes, steering, etc. The power supply unit 140b can supply power to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 and may include wired / wireless charging circuits, a battery, etc. The sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status, external environment information, user information, etc. The sensor unit 140c may include an inertial measurement unit (IMU), a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a slope sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a location module, a vehicle forward / backward sensor, a battery sensor, a fuel sensor, a tire sensor, a steering sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a lighting sensor, a pedal position sensor, etc. The autonomous driving unit 140d can implement technology for maintaining the lane in which the vehicle is traveling, technology for automatically adjusting the speed (for example, adaptive cruise control), technology for autonomously driving along a determined path, technology for driving by automatically setting a path with a destination set, etc.

[0342] For example, the communication unit 110 can receive map data, traffic information data, and the like from an external server. The autonomous driving unit 140d can generate an autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the acquired data. The control unit 120 can control the drive unit 140a so that the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 moves along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (e.g., speed / direction control). During autonomous driving, the communication unit 110 can aperiodically or periodically acquire recent traffic information data from an external server and acquire surrounding traffic information data from neighboring vehicles. During autonomous driving, the sensor unit 140c can acquire vehicle status and / or surrounding environment information. The autonomous driving unit 140d can update the autonomous driving path and driving plan based on the newly acquired data / information. The communication unit 110 can transmit information regarding the vehicle's location, autonomous driving path, and / or driving plan to the external server. The external server can use AI technology, etc., based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicle to predict traffic information data and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicle.

[0343] The claims in this specification can be combined in various ways. For example, the technical features in the method claims of this specification can be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus, and the technical features in the apparatus claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method. Furthermore, the technical features in (one or more) method claims and (one or more) apparatus claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in an apparatus. Furthermore, the technical features in (one or more) method claims and (one or more) apparatus claims can be combined to be implemented or performed in a method.

Claims

1. A method for performing wireless communication by a first device, the method comprising: Get channel occupation time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; as well as Perform sidelink (SL) transmission; wherein the energy detection threshold is configured based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The SL transmission includes a sidelink-synchronization signal block (S-SSB).

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The T_A is determined differently based on whether the SL transmission including the S-SSB occurs outside the COT.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Based on the SL transmission including the S-SSB occurring outside the COT, the T_A is 5dB.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The channel access procedure for the SL transmission including the S-SSB is a Type 2A SL channel access procedure.

6. The method of claim 5, based on the first device being instructed to perform the Type 2A SL channel access procedure, the first device senses a channel within a 25us sensing interval for the SL transmission including the S-SSB.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein Based on the SL transmission occurring within the COT, the T_A is 10 dB.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein configuring the energy detection threshold based on a value obtained by subtracting T_A from T_max, Wherein, the T_max is 10·log10(3.16228·10 -8 (mW / MHz)·BW MHz(MHz)), and Here, BW is the channel bandwidth.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The energy detection threshold is configured based on a maximum value among a value obtained by subtracting T_A from T_max and -72 + 10·log10(BW MHz / 20 MHz))(dBm).

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein The COT is initialized by the first device, and Wherein, information related to the COT is transmitted from the first device to the second device.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: A first energy detection threshold used by the first device for channel access is equal to a second energy detection threshold used by the second device for channel access.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein A maximum allowed transmit power of the second device is determined based on the second energy detection threshold.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein Information related to the COT is received from the second device.

14. A first device adapted to perform wireless communication, the first device comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations comprising: Get channel occupation time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and Performing Sidelink (SL) transmission, wherein the energy detection threshold is configured based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

15. A processing device adapted to control a first device, the processing device comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the first device to perform operations comprising: Get channel occupation time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; and Performing Sidelink (SL) transmission, wherein the energy detection threshold is configured based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause a first device to perform operations comprising: Get channel occupation time (COT); configuring an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle; performing a channel access procedure based on the energy detection threshold; as well as Performing Sidelink (SL) transmission, wherein the energy detection threshold is configured based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

17. A method for performing wireless communication by a second device, the method comprising: Get channel occupation time (COT); as well as receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device, wherein, based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle, the first device performs a channel access procedure; The energy detection threshold is configured by the first device based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

18. A second device adapted to perform wireless communication, the second device comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform operations comprising: Obtaining Channel Occupancy Time (COT); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device, wherein, based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle, the first device performs a channel access procedure; The energy detection threshold is configured by the first device based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

19. A processing device adapted to control a second device, the processing device comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one memory connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the second device to perform operations comprising: Obtaining Channel Occupancy Time (COT); and receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device, wherein, based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle, the first device performs a channel access procedure; The energy detection threshold is configured by the first device based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

20. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause a second device to perform operations comprising: Get channel occupation time (COT); as well as receiving a sidelink (SL) transmission from the first device, wherein, based on an energy detection threshold for determining whether a sensing time slot duration is idle, the first device performs a channel access procedure; The energy detection threshold is configured by the first device based on T_A, and The T_A is determined based on whether the SL transmission occurs outside the COT.

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