Conservation tillage planting pattern and supporting equipment for cover crop mixtures

Abstract

The protective tillage planting mode and supporting device of mixed cover crop planting disclosed by the present invention belong to the field of protective tillage planting technology, including a no-till seeder, wherein the no-till seeder is equipped with a connecting frame for connecting to a tractor, support plates are installed at both ends of the connecting frame, a main frame is installed on the connecting frame, a fertilizer box is installed on the main frame and the connecting frame, a frame is also installed on the main frame, and multiple groups of cross beams for support are installed at the lower end of the frame; soil erosion can be effectively reduced, and during its growth period, the active root system transports secretions to the soil, and through rhizosphere deposition, litter decomposition and residue return, diversified carbon and nutrients can be input into the soil, increasing organic carbon accumulation and also improving nutrient effectiveness, improving soil microenvironment, and increasing soil biodiversity. Cultivating healthy soil is of great significance to the rational use of resources and improvement of cultivated land quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of conservation tillage planting, and in particular relates to a conservation tillage planting mode for cover crop mixed sowing and a supporting device. Background Art

[0002] Corn is one of the main food crops in my country.

[0003] The existing unequal row spacing planting pattern with full coverage of corn straw is achieved by planting corn in narrow rows and covering them with straw in wide rows. This pattern can improve light energy utilization, ventilation and light transmission, effectively improve soil permeability and tillageability, and reduce wind and water erosion. Alternating planting of wide and narrow rows is beneficial to improving and restoring soil fertility, but it has the disadvantage of slow straw decomposition and the inability of organic material nutrients to be absorbed by crops in a timely manner.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a soil health enhancement method by planting mixed cover crops to restore soil function and improve soil health. The planting method of the present invention innovates the traditional corn monoculture method, not only ensuring ventilation and light transmission, but also ensuring the number of plants per mu and yield. At the same time, planting corn and cover crops also enables the temporal and spatial dimensions of the corn and cover crop ecological niches to complement each other, thereby achieving the goal of enriching the soil and improving nutrient utilization efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a protective tillage planting mode and supporting device for cover crop mixture sowing, which at least partially solves the above technical problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a supporting device for conservation tillage planting of mixed cover crops, comprising a no-till seeder, the no-till seeder being equipped with a connecting frame for connecting to a tractor, support plates being installed at both ends of the connecting frame, a main frame being installed on the connecting frame, a fertilizer box being installed on the main frame and the connecting frame, a frame being further installed on the main frame, and a plurality of cross beams for support being installed at the lower end of the frame;

[0008] A stubble breaker and a furrow opener are installed at one end of each group of the cross beams, a connecting plate is installed on the side wall of the lower end of the support plate, a limiting roller is installed between the connecting plates, a driving roller is movably installed between the lower ends of the support plates, and multiple groups of pressing parts and cleaning and sweeping components are installed on the driving roller, the pressing parts are respectively arranged at the two ends of the cleaning and sweeping components, and the cleaning and sweeping components are arranged between two adjacent groups of stubble breaker and furrow openers, a crushing and pulling component is installed at one end of the driving roller, and the upper end of the crushing and pulling component is movably arranged on the outer side wall of the fertilizer box.

[0009] The cleaning and sweeping assembly includes an eccentric roller and a sleeve rod, the eccentric roller is eccentrically arranged on the driving roller, a driving member is movably sleeved on the outer side of the eccentric roller, the sleeve rod is arranged on the limiting roller, and the limiting roller supports and fixes the sleeve rod, a driving rod is movably installed in the sleeve rod, both ends of the driving rod are extended out of the sleeve rod, the driving rod can rotate in the sleeve rod, a swinging member is installed at one end of the driving rod close to the driving member, a limiting groove is provided in the end of the swinging member away from the driving rod, a limiting rod is movably installed in the limiting groove, both ends of the limiting rod are extended out of the swinging member, the driving member is movably sleeved on one end of the limiting rod, a sweeping member is installed at the end of the driving rod away from the driving member, and a cleaning member is installed at the lower end of the sweeping member.

[0010] The cam is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves, and the sliding grooves are connected to the sliding grooves. The two groups of sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged with the center line of the stubble breaker furrow opener as the symmetry axis. The sliding grooves are connected with the slot holes. A lower pressure plate is movably installed in the slide groove, and the lower pressure plate movably passes through the slot hole. A spring 1 is installed on the upper wall of the slot hole, and the lower end of the spring 1 is connected to the upper wall of the lower pressure plate. The lower end of the lower pressure plate is symmetrically provided with two groups of cutting knives with the center line of the stubble breaker furrow opener as the symmetry axis. The cutting knives are arranged in contact with the two side walls of the stubble breaker furrow opener, and the lower pressure plate is placed close to the lower pressure piece, and the lower pressure piece is movably connected to the lower pressure piece, and the side wall of the lower pressure piece is provided with a ball.

[0011] Among them, the crushing and pulling assembly includes an active roller, a rotating shaft and a driven roller. The rotating shaft is movably arranged in the fertilizer box, and both ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the outer wall of the fertilizer box. The active roller is arranged at one end of the driving roller, and the driven roller is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft. A connecting belt is movably installed between the active roller and the driven roller. A toggle member is installed on the rotating shaft, and the toggle member is arranged between the side wall of the fertilizer box and the driven roller. A plurality of groups of balls for reducing friction are provided on the outer wall of the toggle member.

[0012] Furthermore, a mounting plate and a limiting groove 2 are provided on the side wall of the fertilizer box near the toggle piece, and a moving block is movably connected in the limiting groove 2, and a spring 3 is installed between the upper wall of the moving block and the mounting plate, and a blocking plate is movably installed in the bottom wall of the fertilizer box, and both ends of the blocking plate extend out of the side wall of the fertilizer box, and an inclined block is installed at one end of the blocking plate close to the toggle piece, and a spring 2 is installed at one end of the blocking plate away from the toggle piece, and the other end of the spring 2 is connected to the side wall of the fertilizer box. The inclined block is provided at the lower end of the moving block, and the upper wall of the inclined block is inclined, and the lower end of the moving block is inclined, and the inclined surface of the moving block can be movably contacted with the inclined surface of the inclined block, and a plurality of groups of balls for reducing friction are provided on the inclined surface of the moving block, which can reduce the friction between the moving block and the inclined block, and the moving block is provided at the lower end of the toggle piece.

[0013] Among them, the bottom wall of the fertilizer box is provided with multiple groups of feed openings 1 for the fertilizer to fall, the sealing plate is provided with multiple groups of feed openings 2 for the fertilizer to fall, and a crushing and stirring member is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the stubble breaker and furrow opener are arranged at the lower end of the fertilization box, the limiting roller is arranged at the rear end of the driving roller, the stubble breaker and furrow opener are arranged between the driving roller and the limiting roller, and the sweeping member is arranged between the stubble breaker and furrow opener and the depth limiting wheel.

[0015] Furthermore, a seed box is installed on the frame, wherein corn seeds are placed in the outer seed box, and seeds of cover crops are placed in the other seed boxes. A seed meter is installed at the end of the crossbeam away from the stubble breaker and the furrow opener, and the upper end of the seed meter is connected to the lower end of the seed box. A depth-limiting wheel is installed on the bottom wall of the end of the crossbeam away from the stubble breaker and the furrow opener is arranged at the front end of the depth-limiting wheel. A disc furrow opener is installed between the depth-limiting wheels. The bottom wall of the fertilizer box is installed with multiple groups of The fertilizer pipes used for fertilizing are the same in number as the disc furrow openers and the feed port 1, and the discharge port of the fertilizer pipe is arranged at the rear end of the disc furrow opener, the upper end of the fertilizer pipe is connected with the feed port 1, the outlet end of the seed meter is arranged at the rear end of the fertilizer pipe, the fertilizer pipe arranged behind the cover crop seeds is closed, and no fertilization is carried out. After the disc furrow opener opens the furrow, the fertilizer is arranged in the furrow, and then the seeds in the seed meter are arranged in the furrow at an interval of about 8-10 cm.

[0016] Among them, the end of the crossbeam away from the stubble breaker and the furrow opener is also equipped with a covering wheel and a pressing wheel connecting rod, the covering wheel is arranged at the rear end of the depth limiting wheel, and the end of the pressing wheel connecting rod away from the crossbeam is equipped with a pressing wheel, and the pressing wheel is arranged at the rear end of the covering wheel; both ends of the driving roller are extended out of the support plate and are equipped with driving wheels.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention further proposes the use of a supporting device for conservation tillage planting of mixed cover crops in a corn-cover crop partitioned sowing and planting pattern, wherein the planting pattern comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Sow corn and cover crops simultaneously: Use a front-mounted straw returner installed in front of the tractor. While the straw is returning to the rows, the corn-cover crop zoned no-tillage sowing device is linked to achieve synchronous sowing of corn and cover crops and application of corn base fertilizer.

[0019] Corn was planted at a ridge spacing of 55-60 cm, with a sowing rate of 64,500 plants / ha and a compound fertilizer application rate of 900 kg / ha;

[0020] The ridge spacing of the cover crops is 110-120 cm, and the cover crops are a mixture of legumes and grasses. No fertilizer is applied to the cover crop planting area. The cover crops can be hairy vetch and ryegrass.

[0021] Step 2: Field management: Use a corn-cover crop zone sprayer to perform post-emergence weed control in the corn planting area. Other field management procedures are the same as for conventional corn fields.

[0022] Step 3: Mechanical harvesting of corn, crushing of straw, mulching and returning to the field: After the corn is mature, it is mechanically harvested using a corn combine harvester;

[0023] Step 4: Cover crop treatment: After corn harvest, cover crops continue to grow, and cover crop residues naturally cover the ground as the seasons change;

[0024] Step 5: Planting the following year: Plant cover crops where corn was planted in the first year, and plant corn where the cover crops were planted in the first year;

[0025] Step 6. Field management in the second year: All field management methods in the second year remain the same as in the first year, and the crop layout is the same as in the first year.

[0026] After adopting the above structure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] (1) Planting mixed cover crops to cover bare soil in a combination of alternate planting and intercropping under the condition of returning straw to the field can effectively reduce soil erosion. During their growth period, active roots can transport secretions to the soil. Through rhizosphere deposition, litter decomposition and residue return, a variety of carbon and nutrients can be input into the soil, which not only increases organic carbon accumulation, but also improves nutrient availability, improves soil microenvironment, enhances soil biodiversity, and cultivates healthy soil, which is of great significance to the rational use of resources and improvement of cultivated land quality.

[0028] (2) A differentiated planting pattern with unequal row spacing for corn and cover crops was adopted, i.e., corn was planted in narrow rows with a ridge spacing of 55-60 cm to ensure the growth space for individual plants and maintain the number of plants at 64,500 plants / hectare; cover crops were planted in wide rows with a ridge spacing of 110-120 cm. The gaps between the wide rows of cover crops were utilized, and each row of corn was a side row, forming a temporal and spatial niche complementary structure between corn and cover crops, which innovated the traditional monoculture of corn. This model broke through the limitations of traditional corn monoculture, optimized field ventilation and light transmission conditions through the layout of wide and narrow rows, and ensured grain yield; at the same time, through the temporal-spatial niche complementarity of cover crops, the ecological goal of fertilizing the soil and improving nutrient recycling efficiency was achieved.

[0029] (3) The present invention uses a mixture of different types of cover crops, namely leguminous and gramineous cover crops, which can improve soil physiological properties, increase soil organic matter, increase nutrient mineralization potential, and change the availability of soil carbon and nitrogen. Leguminous cover crops can increase soil nitrogen through biological nitrogen fixation, while gramineous cover crops have a high biomass, which increases soil carbon content. Therefore, when leguminous and gramineous cover crops coexist, carbon and nitrogen complement each other, balance nutrients, improve ecosystem functions, and further affect crop productivity, thereby achieving the purpose of fertilizing the soil and promoting soil health.

[0030] (4) The corn-cover crop zoned no-till seeding device designed by the present invention optimizes the structural design and motion control of the no-till seeding machine and adopts a variety of box layouts, so that different crop seeds can be stored independently and accurately distributed, achieving simultaneous sowing of multiple rows and improving sowing efficiency. At the same time, zoned sowing can significantly reduce the frequency of agricultural machinery entering the field, effectively reducing operating costs, and fundamentally avoiding the soil compaction problem caused by traditional tillage. It is of great significance to alleviate soil hardening and improve the soil ecological environment.

[0031] (5) When the sweeping part swings left and right, it can drive the crushed straw and move it into the furrow of the stubble breakers and furrow openers. At the same time, it can cleverly cover the surrounding straw and other covering materials on the sowing furrow, thereby maintaining moisture and preventing water evaporation.

[0032] (6) Through the cooperation of the down-pressing piece and the stubble-breaking furrow opener, the automatic cleaning technology is adopted to automatically clean the straw wrapped around the stubble-breaking furrow opener, remove the blockage in time, improve the working ability of the device under high straw coverage, and ensure the smooth sowing.

[0033] (7) A crushing and stirring member is installed on the rotating shaft to facilitate the crushing of the fertilizer in the fertilizer box to prevent the fertilizer from clumping; while rotating, the toggle member can apply pressure to the moving block. When the blocking plate does not move, the discharge port 2 is not connected to the discharge port 1, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box will not enter the fertilizer pipe. When the blocking plate moves under the drive of the moving plate, the discharge port 2 is connected to the discharge port 1, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box enters the fertilizer pipe, achieving the technical effect of timed fertilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting device of the protective tillage planting mode of covering crops mixed sowing proposed by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A local enlarged view of point A;

[0037] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a supporting device for a conservation tillage planting mode of cover crop mixtures proposed by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point B;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing and pulling assembly proposed in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A local enlarged view of point C;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting device of the protective tillage planting mode of covering crops mixed sowing proposed by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A local enlarged view of point D;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the fertilizer box proposed by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning and sweeping assembly proposed in the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the stubble breaking furrow opener proposed in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of the stubble breaking furrow opener proposed by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of the stubble breaking furrow opener proposed by the present invention Figure 2 .

[0048] In the attached drawings: 1, connecting frame, 2, support plate, 3, main bracket, 4, fertilizer box, 5, frame, 6, crossbeam, 7, stubble breaking furrow opener, 8, connecting plate, 9, limiting roller, 10, driving roller, 11, pressing member, 12, cleaning sweeping assembly, 13, crushing twitching assembly, 14, eccentric roller, 15, sleeve rod, 16, driving member, 17, driving rod, 18, swinging member, 19, limiting slot 1, 20, limiting rod, 21, sweeping member, 22, cleaning member, 23, slot, 24, slide, 25, lower pressure plate, 26, Spring one, 27. Cutting knife, 28. Active roller, 29. Rotating shaft, 30. Driven roller, 31. Connecting belt, 32. Toggle member, 33. Mounting plate, 34. Limiting groove two, 35. Moving block, 36. Spring three, 37. Sealing plate, 38. Oblique block, 39. Spring two, 40. Feeding port one, 41. Crushing and stirring member, 42. Seeding box, 43. Seeder, 44. Depth-limiting wheel, 45. Disc furrow opener, 46. Fertilizer pipe, 47. Covering wheel, 48. Pressing wheel connecting rod, 49. Pressing wheel, 50. Driving wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] In the first aspect, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown, the present invention proposes a supporting device for a protective tillage planting mode of covering mixed crops, including a no-till seeder, a connecting frame 1 for connecting to a tractor is installed on the no-till seeder, support plates 2 are installed at both ends of the connecting frame 1, a main bracket 3 is installed on the connecting frame 1, a fertilizer box 4 is installed on the main bracket 3 and the connecting frame 1, a frame 5 is also installed on the main bracket 3, and multiple groups of cross beams 6 for support are installed at the lower end of the frame 5; one end of each group of cross beams 6 is installed with a stubble breaking furrow opener 7, so A connecting plate 8 is installed on the side wall of the lower end of the support plate 2, and a limiting roller 9 is installed between the connecting plates 8. A driving roller 10 is movably installed between the lower ends of the support plates 2, and multiple groups of pressing parts 11 and cleaning and sweeping components 12 are installed on the driving roller 10. The pressing parts 11 are respectively arranged at both ends of the cleaning and sweeping components 12, and the cleaning and sweeping components 12 are arranged between two adjacent groups of stubble breakers and furrow openers 7. A crushing and pulling component 13 is installed at one end of the driving roller 10, and the upper end of the crushing and pulling component 13 is movably arranged on the outer wall of the fertilizer box 4.

[0053] The cleaning and sweeping assembly 12 includes an eccentric roller 14 and a sleeve rod 15. The eccentric roller 14 is eccentrically arranged on the driving roller 10. A driving member 16 is movably sleeved on the outer side of the eccentric roller 14. The sleeve rod 15 is arranged on the limiting roller 9. The limiting roller 9 supports and fixes the sleeve rod 15. A driving rod 17 is movably installed in the sleeve rod 15. Both ends of the driving rod 17 extend out of the sleeve rod 15. The driving rod 17 can rotate in the sleeve rod 15. A swinging member 18 is installed at one end of the driving rod 17 close to the driving member 16. The swinging member 18 is away from A limiting groove 19 is provided in one end of the driving rod 17, and a limiting rod 20 is movably installed in the limiting groove 19. Both ends of the limiting rod 20 extend out of the swinging member 18. The driving member 16 is movably sleeved on one end of the limiting rod 20. A sweeping member 21 is installed at the end of the driving rod 17 away from the driving member 16. A cleaning member 22 is installed at the lower end of the sweeping member 21. The cleaning member 22 is a brush with a certain hardness, which can drive the straw crushed by the stubble breaker 7 left and right, so that it enters the trench opened by the breaker.

[0054] It should be noted that the rotation of the driving roller 10 drives the eccentric roller 14 to rotate, and the eccentric roller 14 drives the driving member 16 to move. If the driving roller 10 is initially located on the right side of the eccentric roller 14, the driving roller 10 rotates clockwise, driving the eccentric roller 14 to rotate clockwise. The driving roller 10 is located at the lower end of the eccentric roller 14. The eccentric roller 14 drives the driving member 16 to lift and pushes the driving member 16 to move to the right. At this time, the driving member 16 moves along the limiting rod 20 in the direction close to the swinging member 18. At the same time, the limiting rod 20 also lifts one end of the swinging member 18 upward when moving along the limiting groove 19. The swinging member 18 drives the driving rod 17 to rotate in the sleeve rod 15, and the driving rod 17 drives the sweeping member 21 to swing clockwise.

[0055] The driving roller 10 drives the eccentric roller 14 to continue rotating. The driving roller 10 is arranged on the left side of the eccentric roller 14. The eccentric roller 14 drives the driving member 16 to descend and continue to move to the right. At this time, the driving member 16 moves along the limiting rod 20 toward the direction close to the swinging member 18. At the same time, the limiting rod 20 also drags one end of the swinging member 18 downward when moving along the limiting groove 19. The swinging member 18 drives the driving rod 17 to rotate in the opposite direction inside the sleeve rod 15. The driving rod 17 drives the sweeping member 21 to swing counterclockwise.

[0056] The driving roller 10 drives the eccentric roller 14 to continue rotating. The driving roller 10 is arranged at the uppermost end of the eccentric roller 14. The eccentric roller 14 drives the driving member 16 to continue to descend while moving to the left. At this time, the driving member 16 moves along the limiting rod 20 in the direction away from the swinging member 18. At the same time, the limiting rod 20 continues to drag one end of the swinging member 18 downward while moving along the limiting groove 19. The swinging member 18 drives the driving rod 17 to continue to rotate in the opposite direction in the sleeve rod 15. The driving rod 17 drives the sweeping member 21 to continue to swing counterclockwise.

[0057] The driving roller 10 drives the eccentric roller 14 to continue rotating. The driving roller 10 is arranged on the right side of the eccentric roller 14. The eccentric roller 14 drives the driving member 16 to rise and move to the left. At this time, the driving member 16 moves along the limiting rod 20 in the direction away from the swinging member 18. At the same time, the limiting rod 20 also lifts one end of the swinging member 18 upward when moving along the limiting groove 19. The swinging member 18 drives the driving rod 17 to rotate in the sleeve rod 15. The driving rod 17 drives the sweeping member 21 to swing clockwise.

[0058] When the sweeping member 21 swings left and right, it can drive the crushed straw to move into the trench of the stubble breaking and furrowing device 7, and can cleverly cover the surrounding straw and other covering materials on the sowing furrow while furrowing, thereby maintaining moisture and preventing water evaporation.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 The stubble furrow opener 7 is provided with a slot hole 23, and the side wall of the stubble furrow opener 7 is provided with a slide groove 24. The slide groove 24 is provided with two groups. The two groups of slide grooves 24 are symmetrically placed with the center line of the stubble furrow opener 7 as the symmetry axis. The slide groove 24 is connected to the slot hole 23 through the slide groove 24. A lower pressure plate 25 is movably installed in the slide groove 24. The lower pressure plate 25 movably passes through the slot hole 23. A spring 26 is installed on the upper wall of the slot hole 23. The lower end of the spring 26 is connected to the upper wall of the lower pressure plate 25. The lower end of the lower pressure plate 25 is symmetrically provided with two groups of cutting knives 27 with the center line of the stubble furrow opener 7 as the symmetry axis. The cutting knives 27 are arranged in contact with the two side walls of the stubble furrow opener 7. The lower pressure plate 25 is placed close to the lower pressure piece 11. The lower pressure piece 11 is movably connected to the lower pressure plate 25. The side wall of the lower pressure piece 11 is provided with a ball, which can reduce the friction between the lower pressure piece 11 and the lower pressure plate 25.

[0061] Further improve the anti-blocking function and improve the operating ability of the device under high straw coverage. The automatic cleaning technology is adopted, which can automatically clean the straw wrapped around the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7, remove blockages in time, and ensure smooth operation. When the driving roller 10 rotates, it can drive the lower pressure piece 11 to rotate. When the lower pressure piece 11 rotates, it squeezes the lower pressure plate 25, and the lower pressure plate 25 moves down, stretching the spring 26. At the same time, the lower pressure plate 25 drives the cutting knife 27 to move down, and the cutting knife 27 cuts the straw wrapped around the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7. After the lower pressure piece 11 is disengaged, under the action of the spring 26, the lower pressure plate 25 moves up along the slide groove 24 and returns to its initial position.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the crushing and pulling assembly 13 includes an active roller 28, a rotating shaft 29 and a driven roller 30. The rotating shaft 29 is movably arranged in the fertilizer box 4, and both ends of the rotating shaft 29 extend out of the outer wall of the fertilizer box 4. The active roller 28 is arranged at one end of the driving roller 10, and the driven roller 30 is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 29. A connecting belt 31 is movably installed between the active roller 28 and the driven roller 30. A toggle member 32 is installed on the rotating shaft 29. The toggle member 32 is arranged between the side wall of the fertilizer box 4 and the driven roller 30. A plurality of groups of balls for reducing friction are provided on the outer wall of the toggle member 32;

[0064] The side wall of the fertilizer box 4 near the toggle piece 32 is provided with a mounting plate 33 and a limiting groove 2 34, a moving block 35 is movably connected in the limiting groove 2 34, a spring 36 is installed between the upper wall of the moving block 35 and the mounting plate 33, a blocking plate 37 is movably installed in the bottom wall of the fertilizer box 4, both ends of the blocking plate 37 extend out of the side wall of the fertilizer box 4, an oblique block 38 is installed at one end of the blocking plate 37 near the toggle piece 32, a spring 2 39 is installed at one end of the blocking plate 37 away from the toggle piece 32, the other end of the spring 2 39 is connected to the side wall of the fertilizer box 4, the oblique block 38 is provided at the lower end of the moving block 35, and The upper wall of the inclined block 38 is inclined, and the lower end of the moving block 35 is inclined. The inclined surface of the moving block 35 is able to movably contact the inclined surface of the inclined block 38. The inclined surface of the moving block 35 is provided with multiple groups of balls for reducing friction, which can reduce the friction between the moving block 35 and the inclined block 38. The moving block 35 is provided at the lower end of the toggle member 32. The bottom wall of the fertilizer box 4 is provided with multiple groups of feed openings 40 for the falling of fertilizers. The blocking plate 37 is provided with multiple groups of feed openings 2 for the falling of fertilizers. A crushing and stirring member 41 is installed on the rotating shaft 29 to facilitate the crushing of the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 4 to prevent the fertilizer from agglomerating.

[0065] The driving roller 10 rotates to drive the active roller 28 to rotate, and the active roller 28 drives the driven roller 30 to rotate through the connecting belt 31. The driven roller 30 drives the rotating shaft 29 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 29 drives the toggle member 32 to rotate. When the toggle member 32 rotates, it can push the upper wall of the moving block 35, and the moving block 35 moves down along the limiting groove 2 34. The spring 36 is stretched. When the moving block 35 moves down, it can drive the inclined block 38 so that the inclined block 38 can move toward the direction close to the fertilizer box 4. The inclined block 38 moves The blocking plate 37 is driven to move, and the spring 2 39 is stretched. When the toggle member 32 is separated from the moving block 35, the blocking plate 37 returns to its initial position under the action of the spring 2 39; when the blocking plate 37 does not move, the discharge port 2 is not connected with the discharge port 1 40, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 4 will not enter the fertilizer pipe 46. When the blocking plate 37 moves under the drive of the moving plate, the discharge port 2 is connected with the discharge port 1 40, and the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 4 enters the fertilizer pipe 46 to achieve fertilization.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7 is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizing box 4, the limiting roller 9 is arranged at the rear end of the driving roller 10, the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7 is arranged between the driving roller 10 and the limiting roller 9, the slide groove 24 is connected with the slot hole 23, and the sweeping member 21 is arranged between the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7 and the depth limiting wheel 44.

[0068] A seed box 42 is installed on the frame 5, wherein corn seeds are placed in the outer seed box 42, and seeds of cover crops are placed in the other seed boxes 42. A seed meter 43 is installed at the end of the crossbeam 6 away from the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7. The upper end of the seed meter 43 is connected to the lower end of the seed box 42. A depth limiting wheel 44 is installed on the bottom wall of the end of the crossbeam 6 away from the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7. The stubble breaker and furrow opener 7 is arranged at the front end of the depth limiting wheel 44. A disc furrow opener 45 is installed between the depth limiting wheels 44. The bottom wall of the fertilizer box 4 is installed with multiple groups of The fertilizer pipe 46 for fertilizing, the number of the fertilizer pipe 46 is the same as the number of the disc furrow opener 45 and the feed port 40, and the discharge port of the fertilizer pipe 46 is arranged at the rear end of the disc furrow opener 45, the upper end of the fertilizer pipe 46 is connected with the feed port 40, the outlet end of the seed meter 43 is arranged at the rear end of the fertilizer pipe 46, the fertilizer pipe 46 arranged behind the cover crop seeds is closed, and no fertilization is carried out. After the disc furrow opener 45 opens the furrow, the fertilizer is arranged in the furrow, and then the seeds in the seed meter 43 are arranged in the furrow at an interval of about 8-10 cm.

[0069] The end of the crossbeam 6 away from the stubble breaker furrow opener 7 is also equipped with a covering wheel 47 and a pressing wheel connecting rod 48. The covering wheel 47 is arranged at the rear end of the depth limiting wheel 44, and the end of the pressing wheel connecting rod 48 away from the crossbeam 6 is equipped with a pressing wheel 49, and the pressing wheel 49 is arranged at the rear end of the covering wheel 47; driving wheels 50 are installed at both ends of the driving roller 10 to facilitate the movement of the equipment.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] In a second aspect, the present invention further proposes the use of a supporting device for conservation tillage planting of mixed cover crops in a corn-cover crop partitioned sowing and planting pattern, wherein the planting pattern comprises the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Sow corn and cover crops simultaneously: Use a front-mounted straw returner installed in front of the tractor. While the straw is returning to the rows, the corn-cover crop zoned no-tillage sowing device is linked to achieve synchronous sowing of corn and cover crops and application of corn base fertilizer.

[0073] Corn was planted at a ridge spacing of 57 cm, with a sowing rate of 64,500 plants / ha and a compound fertilizer application rate of 900 kg / ha;

[0074] The cover crop planting ridge spacing was 114 cm, and the cover crop varieties were hairy vetch and ryegrass (mixed sowing of hairy vetch and ryegrass), and no fertilizer was applied to the cover crop planting area.

[0075] Step 2: Field management: Use a corn-cover crop zone sprayer to perform post-emergence weed control in the corn planting area. Other field management procedures are the same as for conventional corn fields.

[0076] Step 3: Mechanical harvesting of corn, crushing of straw, mulching and returning to the field: After the corn is mature, it is mechanically harvested using a corn combine harvester;

[0077] Step 4: Cover crop treatment: After corn harvest, cover crops continue to grow, and cover crop residues naturally cover the ground as the seasons change;

[0078] Step 5: Planting the following year: Plant cover crops where corn was planted in the first year, and plant corn where the cover crops were planted in the first year;

[0079] Step 6. Field management in the second year: All field management methods in the second year remain the same as in the first year, and the crop layout is the same as in the first year.

[0080] The specific usage is as follows: the no-till seeder is connected to the tractor through the connecting frame 1, the tractor drives the no-till seeder to move, and the driving wheel 50 moves to drive the driving roller 10 to rotate. During the movement, the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7 crushes the straw and digs the furrows on the field; the driving roller 10 drives the lower pressure piece 11 and the cleaning and sweeping component 12 to move, the lower pressure piece 11 cleans the stubble breaker and furrow opener 7, and the cleaning and sweeping component 12 pushes the cut straw to both sides to move it into the stubble breaker furrow. The disc furrow opener 45 digs a second furrow above the straw covering layer, which is adjusted by the depth-limiting wheel 44. The fertilizer pipe 46 and the sowing pipe are located in the middle of the double discs, and the fertilizer and seeds fall into the furrow at intervals. The covering wheel 47 and the pressing wheel 49 push the soil at the edge of the covering layer back into the furrow for pressing.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. In short, if those skilled in the art are inspired by the present invention and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, design structures and embodiments similar to the technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures, characterized by: The tractor is provided with a plurality of support members, each support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms, and the support member being a support member of a plurality of support arms The cleaning and sweeping assembly includes an eccentric roller and a sleeve rod, the eccentric roller is eccentrically arranged on the driving roller, the outer side of the eccentric roller is movably sleeved with a driving member, the sleeve rod is arranged on the limiting roller, and a driving rod is movably installed in the sleeve rod, both ends of the driving rod are extended out of the sleeve rod arrangement, a swinging member is installed at one end of the driving rod close to the driving member, a limiting groove is provided in the end of the swinging member away from the driving rod, a limiting rod is movably installed in the limiting groove, both ends of the limiting rod are extended out of the swinging member arrangement, the driving member is movably sleeved on one end of the limiting rod, a sweeping member is installed at the end of the driving rod away from the driving member, and a cleaning member is installed at the lower end of the sweeping member.

2. The supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cam is provided with two guide rails, and the two guide rails are connected with each other through the guide rail.

3. The supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing and pulling assembly includes an active roller, a rotating shaft and a driven roller. The rotating shaft is movably arranged in the fertilizer box, and both ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the outer wall of the fertilizer box. The active roller is arranged at one end of the driving roller, and the driven roller is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft. A connecting belt is movably installed between the active roller and the driven roller. A toggle member is installed on the rotating shaft, and the toggle member is arranged between the side wall of the fertilizer box and the driven roller. A plurality of groups of balls for reducing friction are provided on the outer wall of the toggle member.

4. The supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cam is provided with a plurality of springs, and the two springs are respectively arranged on the upper wall of the movable block and the lower wall of the movable block, and the two springs are respectively arranged on the lower wall of the movable block and the lower wall of the movable block.

5. The supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the fertilizer box is provided with multiple groups of feed openings 1 for dropping fertilizer, the blocking plate is provided with multiple groups of feed openings 2 for dropping fertilizer, and a crushing and stirring member is installed on the rotating shaft.

6. The supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The stubble breaking furrow opener is arranged at the lower end of the fertilizing box, the limiting roller is arranged at the rear end of the driving roller, the stubble breaking furrow opener is arranged between the driving roller and the limiting roller, and the sweeping member is arranged between the stubble breaking furrow opener and the depth limiting wheel.

7. The supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures according to claim 6, characterized in that: A seed box is installed on the frame, a seed meter is installed on the end of the cross beam away from the stubble breaker and furrow opener, the upper end of the seed meter is connected to the lower end of the seed box, a depth limiting wheel is installed on the bottom wall of the end of the cross beam away from the stubble breaker and furrow opener, the stubble breaker and furrow opener is arranged at the front end of the depth limiting wheel, a disc furrow opener is installed between the depth limiting wheels, and a plurality of groups of fertilizer pipes for fertilizing are installed on the bottom wall of the fertilizer box, the number of the fertilizer pipes is the same as the number of the disc furrow openers and the feed port one, and the discharge port of the fertilizer pipe is arranged at the rear end of the disc furrow opener, the upper end of the fertilizer pipe is connected to the feed port one, and the outlet end of the seed meter is arranged at the rear end of the fertilizer pipe.

8. The supporting device for conservation tillage planting of cover crop mixtures according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end of the crossbeam away from the stubble breaker and the furrow opener is also equipped with a covering wheel and a pressing wheel connecting rod. The covering wheel is arranged at the rear end of the depth limiting wheel. The end of the pressing wheel connecting rod away from the crossbeam is equipped with a pressing wheel, and the pressing wheel is arranged at the rear end of the covering wheel; both ends of the driving roller extend out of the support plate and are equipped with driving wheels.

9. Use of the supporting device for conservation tillage planting of mixed cover crops according to claim 8 in a corn-cover crop zoned sowing and planting pattern, characterized in that: The planting model includes the following steps: Step 1: Sow corn and cover crops simultaneously: Use a front-mounted straw returner installed in front of the tractor. While the straw is returning to the rows, the no-till seeding device for corn and cover crops is linked to achieve simultaneous sowing of corn and cover crops and application of corn base fertilizer. Step 2: Field management: Use a corn-cover crop zone sprayer to perform post-emergence weed control in the corn planting area. Other field management procedures are the same as for conventional corn fields. Step 3: Mechanical harvesting of corn, crushing of straw, mulching and returning to the field: After the corn is mature, it is mechanically harvested using a corn combine harvester; Step 4: Cover crop treatment: After corn harvest, cover crops continue to grow, and cover crop residues naturally cover the ground as the seasons change; Step 5. Planting the following year: Plant cover crops in the same place where corn was planted in the first year, and plant corn in the same place where cover crops were planted in the first year; Step 6. Field management in the second year: All field management methods in the second year remain the same as in the first year, and the crop layout is the same as in the first year.

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