Method for producing seedling substrate by using traditional Chinese medicine residues

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing a seedling raising substrate by using traditional Chinese medicine residues, and belongs to the technical field of seedling raising substrates. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of traditional Chinese medicine residues: collecting decocted traditional Chinese medicine residues, removing impurities, crushing and extruding; (2) adding auxiliary materials: adding crop straws, brown sugar, soybean meal and a fermentation inoculant, and uniformly stirring; (3) fermentation and decomposition: putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for fermentation and decomposition, regularly turning over the mixture through a turner during fermentation and decomposition, and stopping fermentation when the color of the mixture is dark brown, no odor exists and the flavor of distiller's yeast exists; (4) filtering and compounding: extruding, filtering, collecting filter residues, sterilizing at high temperature, and compounding with coco coir, peat and perlite to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine residue seedling substrate. The traditional Chinese medicine residues are converted into the seedling raising substrate, special nutrients can be provided for plant growth, the planting environment is improved, the seedling raising requirements of most plants are met, and the sustainable agriculture aim is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seedling cultivation substrates, and more particularly to a method for producing a seedling cultivation substrate by utilizing traditional Chinese medicine residues. Background Art

[0002] Medications whose collection, processing, and preparation are guided by traditional Chinese medical theory, along with their mechanisms of action and clinical application, are collectively referred to as Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Simply put, TCM refers to substances used under the guidance of TCM theory for the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of disease, as well as for rehabilitation and health benefits. TCM primarily originates from natural medicinal products and their processed products, including botanicals, animal medicines, minerals, and some chemical and biological products. Because TCM is primarily based on botanicals, there's a saying that "all medicines are based on herbs."

[0003] In recent years, with the development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources, and particularly with advances in modern industrial technology, the industrialization and scale of traditional Chinese medicine production have continued to grow, boosting the industry and generating significant economic benefits. However, the large amount of medicinal residues left after the extraction of traditional Chinese medicines has become a serious problem. According to statistics, the annual discharge of plant-based medicinal residues alone in my country exceeds 650,000 tons.

[0004] In the early days, traditional Chinese medicine residue disposal methods mainly included landfilling, incineration, and stacking in fixed areas. However, landfilling or stacking takes up a lot of land, produces a large amount of harmful gases, and also pollutes groundwater. Traditional Chinese medicine residue generally has a high water content and contains certain nutrients. If not handled promptly or improperly, it is very easy to spoil, attracting mosquitoes, flies, and rats, becoming a breeding ground for various infectious diseases such as malaria, Japanese encephalitis, cholera, dysentery, and hepatitis, causing serious environmental pollution. Incineration of traditional Chinese medicine residue after drying produces large amounts of pollutants such as carbon dioxide, which pollutes the atmospheric environment. Therefore, the early treatment of traditional Chinese medicine residue not only consumed a large amount of funds, but also resulted in a waste of resources and environmental pollution.

[0005] Currently, with the advancement of agricultural modernization and facility agriculture, the demand for high-value-added crops such as vegetables, fruits, and flowers has surged. As an environmentally friendly and efficient raw material for seedling cultivation, the market demand for traditional Chinese medicine residues is expected to continue to grow.

[0006] Therefore, how to turn traditional Chinese medicine residues into valuables and convert them into seedling culture media is an urgent problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing seedling matrix using traditional Chinese medicine residue. By converting traditional Chinese medicine residue into seedling matrix, special nutrients can be provided for plant growth, the planting environment can be improved, the needs of most plant seedlings can be met, and the goal of sustainable agriculture can be achieved.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for producing a seedling culture medium using traditional Chinese medicine residues, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Pretreatment of Chinese medicine residue

[0011] Collect the decocted Chinese medicine residue, remove impurities, crush and squeeze it to obtain the pre-treated Chinese medicine residue;

[0012] (2) Add auxiliary materials

[0013] adding crop straw, brown sugar, soybean meal and fermentation agent to the pretreated traditional Chinese medicine residue, stirring evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0014] (3) Fermentation

[0015] The mixed material is placed in a fermentation tank for fermentation and composting, during which the material is regularly turned by a turning machine. When the mixed material becomes dark brown, has no odor, and has the aroma of wine yeast, the fermentation is stopped to obtain the fermented material;

[0016] (4) Filtration and remixing

[0017] The fermented material is squeezed and filtered, and the filter residue is collected, sterilized at high temperature, and compounded with coconut husk, peat and perlite to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue seedling culture medium.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above step (1), the source of the Chinese medicine residue is at least one of ginkgo leaves, isatis root, honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, astragalus, angelica, wolfberry, rehmannia root, ginseng and salvia miltiorrhiza.

[0019] A further beneficial effect of the above method is that the selected Chinese medicinal residues of the present invention contain a variety of beneficial nutrients, including organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and plant hormones, which are very important for soil improvement and plant growth. The specific functions are as follows:

[0020] Organic matter: can improve the soil's ability to store water and fertilizer and improve soil structure.

[0021] Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium: These primary nutrients are essential for proper plant growth and development.

[0022] Trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, and manganese play a key role in plant growth and immune system function.

[0023] Plant hormones: can promote plant growth, flowering and fruiting.

[0024] Furthermore, in the above step (1), the particles are crushed to a particle size of ≤5 mm; the extrusion equipment is a vertical press, the extrusion time is 20-30 minutes, and the water content is 50%-60%.

[0025] A further beneficial effect of the above process is that impurities (such as plastic packaging and sand and gravel) are removed to ensure the purity of the raw materials. The herbal residue is crushed to a particle size of ≤5mm using a grinder, increasing the surface area and facilitating microbial decomposition. A vertical press is used to squeeze the herbal residue to reduce its moisture content to 50%-60%, preventing anaerobic spoilage during the fermentation process.

[0026] Furthermore, in the above step (2), the crop straw is at least one of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw.

[0027] A further beneficial effect of the above method is that the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C / N) of traditional Chinese medicine residue is usually low (about 15:1), and crop straw needs to be added as a high-carbon auxiliary material to adjust the C / N to 25:1-30:1 to promote microbial activity.

[0028] Furthermore, in the above step (2), the fermentation agent is EM bacteria and / or Bacillus subtilis.

[0029] A further beneficial effect of the above method is that the addition of fermentation bacteria accelerates decomposition.

[0030] Furthermore, in the above step (2), the mixed material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 30 parts of crop straw, 5-10 parts of brown sugar, 5-10 parts of soybean meal and 1-2 parts of fermentation agent.

[0031] Furthermore, in the above step (3), the fermentation temperature is 50-60°C, the water content is 50%-60%, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, and the fermentation time is 7-20 days.

[0032] Furthermore, in the above step (4), the mesh size of the filtration is 80-120 meshes.

[0033] Furthermore, in the above step (4), the mass ratio of the filter residue, coconut husk, peat and perlite is 1:2:2:1.

[0034] A further benefit of this approach is that coconut coir has an organic matter content of approximately 95%, similar to peat, and a carbon-nitrogen ratio of approximately 80:1, providing a considerable nutrient supply. Peat, a product of swamp development, is rich in nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, and other elements, making it a high-quality seedling substrate. Perlite, while relatively low in nutrients, primarily serves to loosen the soil and increase aeration.

[0035] It can be seen from the above technical solution that compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] 1. Environmentally friendly and pollution-free: Traditional Chinese medicine residues are mostly natural organic matter, which is environmentally friendly and pollution-free. Converting them into seedling culture medium realizes the resource utilization of waste and reduces environmental pollution.

[0037] 2. Rich in nutrients: Traditional Chinese medicine residue contains a large amount of organic matter and nutrients, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc., which are essential nutrients for plant growth. Using traditional Chinese medicine residue as a seedling medium can provide plants with sufficient nutrition and promote plant growth.

[0038] 3. Improve soil structure: Traditional Chinese medicine residue has good air permeability and water retention, which can improve soil structure and increase soil fertility. Using traditional Chinese medicine residue as a seedling medium can make the soil more loose and fertile, which is conducive to the growth and development of plant roots.

[0039] 4. Anti-insect and antibacterial: Traditional Chinese medicine residues are rich in natural antibacterial ingredients, which can help prevent plant diseases and insect pests and improve plant disease resistance. Using traditional Chinese medicine residues as a seedling medium can reduce the use of pesticides and reduce pesticide residues in agricultural products.

[0040] 5. Easy to operate: The preparation process of using Chinese herbal medicine residue to produce seedling substrate is relatively simple and can be done by ordinary farmers. Through a simple fermentation process, Chinese herbal medicine residue can be converted into high-quality seedling substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] The method for producing a seedling culture medium using traditional Chinese medicine residues specifically comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Pretreatment of Chinese medicine residue

[0045] Collect the traditional Chinese medicine residues after decocting ginkgo leaves, isatis root, honeysuckle and chrysanthemum, remove impurities, crush to a particle size of ≤5mm, and squeeze in a vertical press for 20 minutes until the water content is 60%, thereby obtaining the pretreated traditional Chinese medicine residues;

[0046] (2) Add auxiliary materials

[0047] 30 kg of wheat straw, 5 kg of brown sugar, 5 kg of soybean meal, 0.5 kg of EM bacteria and 0.5 kg of Bacillus subtilis were added to 60 kg of pretreated traditional Chinese medicine residues, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a mixed material;

[0048] (3) Fermentation

[0049] The mixed material is placed in a fermentation tank for fermentation and composting at a temperature of 50°C, a water content of 50%, a pH value of 6.5, and a time of 7 days. During this period, the material is regularly turned by a turning machine. When the mixed material is dark brown in color, has no odor, and has a wine aroma, the fermentation is stopped to obtain a fermented material;

[0050] (4) Filtration and remixing

[0051] The fermented material is squeezed, passed through an 80-mesh filter, the filter residue is collected, sterilized at high temperature, and compounded with coconut bran, peat and perlite in a mass ratio of 1:2:2:1 to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue seedling medium.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] The method for producing a seedling culture medium using traditional Chinese medicine residues specifically comprises the following steps:

[0054] (1) Pretreatment of Chinese medicine residue

[0055] The Chinese medicinal residues after decocting astragalus, angelica and wolfberry were collected, impurities were removed, and the residues were crushed to a particle size of ≤5 mm. The residues were squeezed in a vertical press for 25 minutes until the moisture content was 55%, thereby obtaining the pretreated Chinese medicinal residues.

[0056] (2) Add auxiliary materials

[0057] 30 kg of corn straw, 10 kg of brown sugar, 5 kg of soybean meal, 1 kg of EM bacteria and 0.5 kg of Bacillus subtilis were added to 60 kg of pretreated traditional Chinese medicine residues and stirred to obtain a mixed material;

[0058] (3) Fermentation

[0059] The mixed material is placed in a fermentation tank for fermentation and composting at a temperature of 58°C, a water content of 55%, a pH value of 7.0, and a time of 15 days. During this period, the material is regularly turned by a turning machine. When the mixed material is dark brown in color, has no odor, and has a wine aroma, the fermentation is stopped to obtain a fermented material;

[0060] (4) Filtration and remixing

[0061] The fermented material is squeezed, passed through a 100-mesh filter, and the filter residue is collected and sterilized at high temperature. The mixture is compounded with coconut bran, peat and perlite in a mass ratio of 1:2:2:1 to obtain a Chinese medicine residue seedling culture medium.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] The method for producing a seedling culture medium using traditional Chinese medicine residues specifically comprises the following steps:

[0064] (1) Pretreatment of Chinese medicine residue

[0065] Collect the traditional Chinese medicine residues after decocting Rehmannia glutinosa, ginseng and Salvia miltiorrhiza, remove impurities, crush to a particle size of ≤5 mm, and squeeze in a vertical press for 30 minutes until the water content is 50%, thereby obtaining the pretreated traditional Chinese medicine residues;

[0066] (2) Add auxiliary materials

[0067] 30 kg of rice straw, 10 kg of brown sugar, 10 kg of soybean meal, 1 kg of EM bacteria and 1 kg of Bacillus subtilis were added to 60 kg of pretreated traditional Chinese medicine residues, and the mixture was stirred to obtain a mixed material;

[0068] (3) Fermentation

[0069] The mixed material is placed in a fermentation tank for fermentation and composting at a temperature of 60°C, a water content of 60%, a pH value of 7.5, and a time of 20 days. During this period, the material is regularly turned by a turning machine. When the mixed material is dark brown in color, has no odor, and has a wine aroma, the fermentation is stopped to obtain a fermented material;

[0070] (4) Filtration and remixing

[0071] The fermented material is squeezed, passed through a 120-mesh filter, the filter residue is collected, sterilized at high temperature, and compounded with coconut bran, peat and perlite in a mass ratio of 1:2:2:1 to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue seedling medium.

[0072] Performance Testing

[0073] The traditional Chinese medicine residue seedling culture substrates prepared in Examples 1-3 were taken and their nutrient content and bulk density were tested respectively.

[0074] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1 Nutrient content and bulk density of the Chinese medicinal residue seedling culture medium in Examples 1-3

[0076]

[0077] As shown in Table 1, the N content of the Chinese medicinal residue seedling culture substrates in Examples 1-3 is ≥1.5%, P2O5 ≥0.5%, and K2O ≥1.0%, and the bulk density is moderate, which all meet the corresponding standards.

[0078] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (1) Pretreatment of Chinese medicine residue Collect the decocted Chinese medicine residue, remove impurities, crush and squeeze it to obtain the pre-treated Chinese medicine residue; (2) Add auxiliary materials adding crop straw, brown sugar, soybean meal and fermentation agent to the pretreated traditional Chinese medicine residue, stirring evenly to obtain a mixed material; (3) Fermentation The mixed material is placed in a fermentation tank for fermentation and composting, during which the material is regularly turned by a turning machine. When the mixed material becomes dark brown, has no odor, and has the aroma of wine yeast, the fermentation is stopped to obtain the fermented material; (4) Filtration and remixing The fermented material is squeezed and filtered, and the filter residue is collected, sterilized at high temperature, and compounded with coconut husk, peat and perlite to obtain a traditional Chinese medicine residue seedling culture medium.

2. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the source of the Chinese medicine residue is at least one of ginkgo leaves, isatis root, honeysuckle, chrysanthemum, astragalus, angelica, wolfberry, rehmannia root, ginseng and salvia miltiorrhiza.

3. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the crushing is performed to a particle size of ≤5 mm.

4. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the extrusion equipment is a vertical press, and the time is 20-30 minutes, until the water content is 50%-60%.

5. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the crop straw is at least one of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw.

6. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the fermentation agent is EM bacteria and / or Bacillus subtilis.

7. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the mixed material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 30 parts of crop straw, 5-10 parts of brown sugar, 5-10 parts of soybean meal and 1-2 parts of fermentation agent.

8. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the fermentation temperature is 50-60° C., the water content is 50%-60%, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, and the fermentation time is 7-20 days.

9. A method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the mesh size of the filtration is 80-120 meshes.

10. The method for producing a seedling culture medium using Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, wherein: In step (4), the mass ratio of the filter residue, coconut chaff, peat and perlite is 1:2:2:1.

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