Fabricated light-weight thermal insulation wallboard and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an assembled light thermal insulation wallboard and a preparation process thereof, relates to the technical field of light thermal insulation wallboards, and discloses the preparation process, which comprises the following steps: uniformly stirring water reducing agent into deionized water, uniformly stirring cellulose ether into the deionized water, and obtaining a cellulose ether solution; uniformly stirring polyimide hybrid aerogel and a surfactant into the cellulose ether solution, and obtaining an aerogel cellulose ether solution; uniformly stirring cement, silica fume, fly ash and hollow glass microbeads, uniformly stirring the aerogel cellulose ether solution into the mixture, uniformly stirring expanded polystyrene particles into the mixture, uniformly stirring the mixture, pouring the mixture into a mold, vibrating, demolding, curing, and obtaining the light thermal insulation wallboard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lightweight thermal insulation wall panel technology, specifically a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel and its manufacturing process. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building engineering, prefabricated lightweight insulated wall panels occupy an important position in building energy conservation and wall innovation due to their convenient construction, light weight, and certain thermal insulation performance. However, existing technologies for these wall panels generally suffer from the problem of balancing thermal insulation performance and mechanical strength. The porous structure of traditional insulation materials (such as polystyrene particles) tends to result in high heat conduction efficiency, while simply increasing the amount of aggregate significantly increases the weight of the wall panel. At the same time, conventional aerogel fillers are prone to uneven dispersion in composite systems, leading to a significant decline in the thermal insulation performance of the wall panel during long-term use. In addition, the solid-solid phase separation problem in the sol-gel process of existing preparation processes, as well as the shrinkage defects of the skeleton structure during the curing stage, also restrict the improvement of the overall performance of the wall panel. There is an urgent need to achieve synergistic improvement in lightweight, high strength, and thermal insulation through material design and process optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel and its manufacturing process to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel preparation process includes the following steps: S1: Yttrium(III) hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. Acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. Triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24 hours. The mixture is filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0006] Furthermore, in the preparation of the metal precursor, the molar ratio of yttrium(III) hexahydrate to zirconium oxychloride octahydrate is 1:1; the mass ratio of the total mass of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to acetylacetone to triethylamine is 100:(33-35):101.

[0007] S2: Add the metal precursor to acetylacetone and stir until homogeneous to obtain solution A; add isopropanol and nitric acid to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir until homogeneous to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0008] Furthermore, in the preparation process of the metal precursor sol, the molar ratio of metal precursor to acetylacetone is 1:(0.8-1); the mass ratio of isopropanol to nitric acid to deionized water is 1:0.5:2.

[0009] S3: Add 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2-3 hours. Add 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add propionic anhydride and pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add the metal precursor sol to N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0010] Furthermore, in the preparation process of polyimide sol, the proportions of each component by mass fraction include: 2-2.5 parts of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide, 3.1-3.5 parts of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 0.22-0.25 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2.95-3.15 parts of tetraethyl silicate, 4.23-4.62 parts of propionic anhydride, 2.37-2.42 parts of pyridine, and 40-45 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone;

[0011] Furthermore, in the preparation process of polyimide hybrid aerogel, the mass ratio of metal precursor sol to polyimide sol is (0.9-1.5):50;

[0012] S4: Add the water-reducing agent to deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add the polyimide hybrid aerogel and surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0013] Cement, silica fume, fly ash, and hollow glass microspheres are mixed evenly. Then, aerogel cellulose ether solution is added and mixed evenly. Expanded polystyrene particles are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0014] Furthermore, in the preparation process of the lightweight insulation board, the proportions of each component by mass fraction include: 90-100 parts cement, 17.25-20.5 parts fly ash, 5.8-6.6 parts silica fume, 6.9-7.2 parts hollow glass microspheres, 13.8-19.6 parts polyimide hybrid aerogel, 8-9 parts expanded polystyrene particles, 0.046-0.058 parts cellulose ether, 0.27-0.3 parts water-reducing agent, 56-69 parts deionized water, and 0.01-0.012 parts surfactant;

[0015] Furthermore, the density of the cement is 3150 kg / m³. 3 ;

[0016] Furthermore, the silica content in the silica ash is 86.42%;

[0017] Furthermore, the silica content in the fly ash is 58.57%;

[0018] Furthermore, the density of the hollow glass microspheres is 200 kg / m³. 3 Its thermal conductivity is 0.039 W / (m·K);

[0019] Furthermore, the expanded polystyrene particles have a density of 15.8 kg / m³. 3 The particle size is 4-6 mm, and the thermal conductivity is 0.041 W / (m·K).

[0020] Furthermore, the molecular weight of the cellulose ether is 200,000 g / mol;

[0021] Furthermore, the surfactant is TX405;

[0022] Furthermore, the water-reducing agent is a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. This invention utilizes a self-made Y / Zr bimetallic precursor sol, where Y and Zr form atomic-level crosslinks in the precursor via Zr-OY bonds, suppressing solid-solid phase separation during the sol-gel process and ensuring a uniform chemical structure of the aerogel; simultaneously, Y... 3+ Incorporating ZrO2 into the crystal lattice forms a solid solution, which expands the lattice spacing and suppresses phase transitions, allowing the aerogel to maintain its nanoporous structure even at high temperatures. ZrO2 itself has low intrinsic thermal conductivity, and its nanoporous structure further reduces thermal conductivity through air layer insulation and infrared extinction effect, forming a slender chain-like network skeleton, which, together with Y, enhances the mechanical strength of the aerogel.

[0025] 2. The present invention further uses polyimide segments as the main skeleton to form a three-dimensional network basic structure, providing mechanical support; through the hydrolysis of tetraethyl silicate to form a Si-O-Si covalent bond network, the metal precursor sol forms hydrogen bonds with the -C=O and -OH of the polyimide chain through Y-OH and Zr-OH bonds, and the two together constitute a "two-phase network", which achieves the technical effect of further enhancing the rigidity of the skeleton and suppressing shrinkage at high temperature.

[0026] 3. This invention uses a self-made hybrid aerogel as a filler in the preparation process of thermal insulation wall panels. On the one hand, the low density of the aerogel reduces the weight of the thermal insulation wall panels. On the other hand, the high porosity of the aerogel significantly inhibits gas convection through nanoscale pores, effectively suppressing the phenomenon of heat energy conduction through the solid phase of the pore walls and gas conduction within the pores, thus endowing the thermal insulation wall panels with lightweight, high strength, and thermal insulation properties. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 48.54g of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and 51.56g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. 33g of acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. 101g of triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h. The mixture is then filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0029] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0030] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 0.9g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0031] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 13.8g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0032] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0033] Example 2: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 48.54g of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and 51.56g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. 35g of acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. 101g of triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h. The mixture is then filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0034] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0035] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 0.9g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0036] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 13.8g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0037] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0038] Example 3: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 48.54g of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and 51.56g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. 35g of acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. 101g of triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h. The mixture is then filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0039] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0040] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 1.2g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0041] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 13.8g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0042] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0043] Example 4: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 48.54g of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and 51.56g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. 35g of acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. 101g of triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h. The mixture is then filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0044] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0045] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 1.5g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0046] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 13.8g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0047] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0048] Example 5: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 48.54g of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and 51.56g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. 35g of acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. 101g of triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h. The mixture is then filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0049] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0050] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 1.5g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0051] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 16.2g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0052] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0053] Example 6: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 48.54g of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and 51.56g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. 35g of acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. 101g of triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h. The mixture is then filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0054] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0055] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 1.5g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0056] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 19.6g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0057] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0058] Comparative Example 1: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 100g zirconium oxychloride octahydrate is added to methanol and stirred evenly, 33g acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly, 101g triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h, filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain a metal precursor;

[0059] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0060] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 0.9g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0061] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 13.8g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0062] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0063] Comparative Example 2: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 1 mmol of zirconium oxide is added to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stirred evenly to obtain solution A; 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid are added to 20 g of deionized water and stirred evenly to obtain solution B; solution A is added to solution B and stirred evenly to obtain metal sol.

[0064] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 2.95g of tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 0.9g of metal sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0065] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 13.8g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0066] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0067] Comparative Example 3: A preparation process for a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel, comprising the following steps: S1: 48.54g of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and 51.56g of zirconium oxychloride octahydrate are added to methanol and stirred evenly. 33g of acetylacetone is added and stirred evenly. 101g of triethylamine is added, the precipitate is filtered, the filtrate is dried, the dried product is added to acetone, and the mixture is allowed to stand at room temperature for 24h. The mixture is then filtered, and the filtrate is dried by rotary evaporation to obtain the metal precursor.

[0068] S2: Add 1 mmol of metal precursor to 0.8 mmol of acetylacetone and stir well to obtain solution A; add 10 g of isopropanol and 5 g of nitric acid to 20 g of deionized water and stir well to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir well to obtain metal precursor sol.

[0069] S3: Add 2g of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to 40g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3.1g of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2h. Add 0.22g of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and stir until homogeneous. Add 4.23g of propionic anhydride and 2.37g of pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add 0.9g of metal precursor sol to 5g of N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared 50g of polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel.

[0070] S4: Add 0.27g of water-reducing agent to 56g of deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add 0.046g of cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Add 13.8g of polyimide hybrid aerogel and 0.01g of surfactant to the cellulose ether solution and stir until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution.

[0071] Mix 90g of cement, 17.25g of silica fume, 5.8g of fly ash, and 6.9g of hollow glass microspheres evenly. Add aerogel cellulose ether solution and mix evenly. Add 8g of expanded polystyrene particles and mix evenly. Pour the mixture into a mold, vibrate, demold, and cure to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0072] Experiment: Thermal conductivity performance: Thermal conductivity performance was tested using a thermal conductivity analyzer according to ASTM C 518;

[0073] Compressive strength: Using a universal testing machine, with the upper platen descending at a rate of 5 mm / min, record the load at which the sample fails or the load at 10% compression;

[0074] The experimental data are shown in Table 1 below.

[0075] Table 1 Performance Test Data of Lightweight Insulation Board

[0076]

[0077] Conclusion: The lightweight thermal insulation wall panel prepared by this invention has excellent mechanical and thermal insulation properties.

[0078] In Comparative Example 1, the metal precursor lacked yttrium, and in Comparative Example 2, zirconium oxide was directly added during the preparation of the metal precursor sol. Both lacked the synergistic effect with yttrium, including the inability to utilize the atomic-level cross-linking of Y and Zr in the precursor through Zr-OY bonds to suppress solid-solid phase separation during the sol-gel process and ensure the uniformity of the aerogel chemical structure; and the inability to utilize Y... 3+ Incorporating ZrO2 into the crystal lattice to form a solid solution increases the lattice spacing and suppresses phase transitions, allowing the aerogel to maintain its nanoporous structure even at high temperatures, which leads to a decrease in the performance of lightweight thermal insulation wall panels.

[0079] In Comparative Example 3, the Si-O-Si covalent network formed by the hydrolysis of tetraethyl silicate was lacking during the preparation of the polyimide hybrid aerogel. The skeletal structure was reduced in reactivity due to the moisture in the metal precursor sol, resulting in a macroporous structure and a decrease in the performance of the lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

[0080] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process for prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panels, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Add yttrium(III) hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to methanol, stir until homogeneous, add acetylacetone, stir until homogeneous, add triethylamine, filter the precipitate, dry the filtrate, add the dried product to acetone, let stand at room temperature for 24 hours, filter, and rotary evaporate the filtrate to obtain the metal precursor. S2: Add the metal precursor to acetylacetone and stir until homogeneous to obtain solution A; add isopropanol and nitric acid to deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain solution B; add solution A to solution B and stir until homogeneous to obtain metal precursor sol. S3: Add 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide to N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride and stir for 2-3 hours. Add 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and tetraethyl silicate and stir until homogeneous. Add propionic anhydride and pyridine and stir to react, obtaining polyimide sol. Add the metal precursor sol to N-methylpyrrolidone and stir until homogeneous. Add the previously prepared polyimide sol and stir until homogeneous. Aging, solvent exchange, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid drying are performed to obtain polyimide hybrid aerogel. S4: Add the water-reducing agent to deionized water and stir until homogeneous. Add the cellulose ether and stir until homogeneous to obtain a cellulose ether solution. Polyimide hybrid aerogel and surfactant were added to a cellulose ether solution and stirred until homogeneous to obtain an aerogel cellulose ether solution. Cement, silica fume, fly ash, and hollow glass microspheres are mixed evenly. Then, aerogel cellulose ether solution is added and mixed evenly. Expanded polystyrene particles are added and mixed evenly. The mixture is poured into a mold, vibrated, demolded, and cured to obtain a lightweight thermal insulation wall panel.

2. The manufacturing process of a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation process of lightweight insulation board, the proportions of each component by mass fraction include: 90-100 parts cement, 17.25-20.5 parts fly ash, 5.8-6.6 parts silica fume, 6.9-7.2 parts hollow glass microspheres, 13.8-19.6 parts polyimide hybrid aerogel, 8-9 parts expanded polystyrene particles, 0.046-0.058 parts cellulose ether, 0.27-0.3 parts water-reducing agent, 56-69 parts deionized water, and 0.01-0.012 parts surfactant.

3. The manufacturing process of a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of polyimide sol, the components, by mass fraction, include: 2-2.5 parts of 4,4'-diphenylamine oxide, 3.1-3.5 parts of 3,3',4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 0.22-0.25 parts of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2.95-3.15 parts of tetraethyl silicate, 4.23-4.62 parts of propionic anhydride, 2.37-2.42 parts of pyridine, and 40-45 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone.

4. The manufacturing process of a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of polyimide hybrid aerogel, the mass ratio of metal precursor sol to polyimide sol is (0.9-1.5):

50.

5. The manufacturing process of a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of metal precursor sol, the molar ratio of metal precursor to acetylacetone is 1:(0.8-1); The mass ratio of isopropanol:nitric acid:deionized water is 1:0.5:

2.

6. The manufacturing process of a prefabricated lightweight thermal insulation wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation of the metal precursor, the molar ratio of yttrium(III) hexahydrate to zirconium oxychloride octahydrate is 1:1; the mass ratio of total mass of yttrium(III) hexahydrate and zirconium oxychloride octahydrate to acetylacetone to triethylamine is 100:(33-35):

101.

7. The lightweight insulated wall panel prepared according to any one of claims 1-6.

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