Rotating and anti-collision mechanism suitable for open caisson soil sampling equipment

Abstract

The rotating and anti-collision mechanism comprises a rotating mechanism, an anti-collision mechanism, a hinge assembly, an air spring, a jack and sliding machine bases, the sliding machine bases are symmetrically arranged and slidably connected with the rotating mechanism through a sliding groove structure, the anti-collision mechanism is installed on the sliding machine bases, and the soil sampling equipment freely floats; the soil sampling equipment is effectively prevented from colliding with the well wall; a hinge assembly is installed on the outer side of a shell of the rotating mechanism and connected with a jack through an air spring, the jack drives the rotating mechanism to make radial displacement along a guide rail on the sliding machine base and jack the rotating mechanism to make contact with the well wall, and therefore rotation of the soil taking equipment is achieved. According to the invention, rotation adjustment and positioning anti-collision functions are integrated, and multi-angle flexible rotation and stable posture of soil sampling equipment in open caisson operation can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of caisson construction, and is particularly applicable to a non-drainage caisson process with water sinking. The present invention specifically relates to an earth-excavating equipment mechanism integrating rotary drive and elastic anti-collision. Background Art

[0002] As time goes by, the required depth of caisson projects has gradually increased. Traditional self-weight sinking methods often fail to reach depths of 20 to 30 meters. Therefore, many deep well projects now use earth-excavation equipment for construction. Earth-excavation equipment is divided into various types according to the different construction methods.

[0003] Currently, various types of caisson excavation equipment face the following common technical difficulties: First, existing rotating mechanisms often utilize slewing bearings. This mechanism presents technical challenges such as high cost, difficult maintenance, bulky construction, high energy consumption, or the need for large lifting equipment to operate at all times. Second, anti-collision methods often rely on sensors and fixed jack strokes. Sensor failure is common during underwater operations. When the caisson experiences uneven settlement, the required jack stroke is difficult to estimate, and the anti-collision structure cannot adaptively compensate for position deviations, leading to mechanical failure.

[0004] Existing technologies, such as patent document CN113235599A, disclose a rotary, mobile pressurizing device for caisson construction. This utilizes a turntable-type rotary pressurizing device, but requires an external ground-fixed base, making it unable to adapt to changes in the caisson wall's position during sinking. Furthermore, it relies on hydraulic cylinders for loading, resulting in a bulky structure. Conventional earth-excavating equipment uses slewing bearings for rotation, resulting in high energy consumption and requiring complete disassembly for maintenance. Furthermore, fixed-stroke jacks are used for anti-collision protection, making them susceptible to failure when the caisson settles unevenly.

[0005] The present invention is applicable to the construction process of undrained caissons with water sinking. The soil-taking equipment is the core equipment. During the operation, the soil-taking position and angle need to be adjusted in real time according to the posture of the caisson. At the same time, a stable working state needs to be maintained when taking soil at a fixed point. Therefore, high requirements are placed on the rotation adjustment accuracy and anti-collision reliability of the equipment.

[0006] To address these challenges, developing a mechanism that combines practicality, flexible rotation, and stable, adaptive collision avoidance is key to improving the efficiency and safety of caisson excavation equipment. This invention, through its innovative design of a coordinated structure combining rotary drive and elastic collision avoidance, effectively addresses these technical difficulties and provides important technical support for intelligent and efficient caisson construction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a rotational anti-collision mechanism for caisson earth-excavating equipment. This mechanism, through an innovative structural design, integrates rotational adjustment and positioning anti-collision functions, enabling the earth-excavating equipment to rotate flexibly at multiple angles and maintain a stable posture during caisson operations.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a rotating and anti-collision mechanism suitable for earth-excavating equipment, comprising: a rotating mechanism, an anti-collision mechanism, a hinge assembly, a gas spring, a jack, and a sliding machine base. The sliding machine base is symmetrically arranged and slidingly connected to the rotating mechanism through a slide groove structure. The sliding machine base is equipped with an anti-collision mechanism, which allows the earth-excavating equipment to float freely and effectively prevents the earth-excavating equipment from colliding with the well wall; a hinge assembly is installed on the outside of the shell of the rotating mechanism, and the hinge assembly is connected to the jack through a gas spring. The rotating mechanism is driven by the jack and radially displaced along the guide rail on the sliding machine base until it contacts the well wall, thereby realizing the rotation of the earth-excavating equipment.

[0009] Furthermore, the sliding machine base: serves as a basic installation carrier, and plays the role of installing and fixing the rotating mechanism and anti-collision mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the anti-collision mechanism: the left side is the longitudinal wheel, which is in direct contact with the caisson. The longitudinal wheel structure can make the earth-excavating equipment float freely and effectively prevent the earth-excavating equipment from colliding with the well wall; the right side is the power element, which drives the square tube to move through the jack and gas spring to push the longitudinal wheel to the well wall.

[0011] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism: the upper part is the power element, the electric motor and the reducer are installed on a sliding plate to provide rotational power; the lower part is the actuator, which consists of a bracket, seal, bearing, and tire. When the tire contacts the wall of the caisson, a rotational force is generated to drive the earth-excavating equipment to rotate.

[0012] Furthermore, the hinge assembly is installed on the outside of the rotating mechanism housing and uses a high-strength pin to connect the front end of the gas spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas spring: integrated into the rotating mechanism and anti-collision mechanism, can adaptively adjust the anti-collision distance to achieve a buffering and shock-absorbing effect, ensure the stability of the equipment during operation, and improve the impact resistance.

[0014] Furthermore, the jack is integrated into the rotating mechanism and the anti-collision mechanism, and the left side is connected to the gas spring, which is used to push the rotating mechanism and the anti-collision mechanism to the wall of the caisson to enable them to function.

[0015] A caisson earth-excavating device, integrating the rotation and anti-collision mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0016] A method for using the above-mentioned rotation and anti-collision mechanism includes:

[0017] Step S1: When the earth-moving equipment is activated, the jack on the rotating mechanism pushes the tire to fit the well wall;

[0018] Step S2: The motor drives the tire to rotate through the reducer, thereby driving the entire earth-moving equipment to rotate to the target position;

[0019] Step S3: The jack on the rotating mechanism retracts, and the jack piston rod of the anti-collision mechanism extends, pushing the gas spring, square tube and wheel assembly to translate outward until the longitudinal wheel is in close contact with the caisson wall.

[0020] Furthermore, if the earth-excavating equipment needs to be moved again, it is only necessary to retract the jack piston rod of the anti-collision mechanism to separate the longitudinal wheel from the well wall, and then the above process can be repeated.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] By adopting this technical solution, which integrates rotation adjustment and positioning and collision avoidance functions, the earth-excavating equipment can be flexibly rotated at multiple angles and maintain a stable posture during caisson operations. Advantages include: 1. Compact structure. 2. Low production cost. 3. Easy maintenance. 4. Low energy consumption. 5. No need for large lifting equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a front view of the rotation and anti-collision mechanism of the earth-taking equipment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A top view of the rotating and anti-collision mechanism of the earth-excavating equipment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a main cross-sectional view of the rotating mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 Left sectional view of the rotating mechanism of the present invention

[0027] Figure 5 This is a front view of the anti-collision mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a top view of the anti-collision mechanism of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention is a rotation and anti-collision mechanism suitable for earth-excavating equipment, comprising: a rotation mechanism 1, an anti-collision mechanism 2, a sliding base 3, a hinge assembly 4, a jack (oil cylinder) 5, and a gas spring 6. The sliding base 3 is symmetrically arranged and slidingly connected to the rotation mechanism 1 through a slide groove structure. The anti-collision mechanism 2 is installed on the sliding base 3, allowing the earth-excavating equipment to float freely and effectively preventing the earth-excavating equipment from colliding with the well wall. A hinge assembly 4 is installed on the outer side of the housing 1-4 of the rotation mechanism 1 for connecting the rotation mechanism 2 and the gas spring 6. The rear end of the gas spring 6 is connected to the jack (oil cylinder) 5. The jack (oil cylinder) 5 can drive the rotation mechanism 2, radially displace it along the guide rail on the sliding base 3, and push it into contact with the well wall, thereby realizing the rotation function of the earth-excavating equipment.

[0031] Sliding machine base 3: As the basic installation carrier, it plays the role of installing and fixing the rotating mechanism and anti-collision mechanism.

[0032] Anti-collision mechanism 2 consists of longitudinal wheels 2-1, square tubes 2-2, connecting frames 2-3, positioning plates 2-4, jacks (cylinders) 5, and gas springs 6. The left side of the longitudinal wheel 2-1 is in direct contact with the caisson. This structure allows the excavator to float freely and effectively prevents collisions with the shaft wall. The right side houses the power element, which, through the jacks (cylinders) 5 and gas springs 6, drives the square tubes 2-2 to move, pushing the longitudinal wheel 2-1 against the shaft wall. The gas spring assembly in between provides adaptive anti-collision and shock absorption.

[0033] Rotating mechanism 1: The upper portion contains the power element, with motor 1-1 and reducer 1-2 mounted on a sliding plate 1-5 to provide rotational power. The lower portion contains the actuator, consisting of bracket 1-6, seal 1-7, bearing 1-8, and tire 1-3. When tire 1-3 contacts the caisson wall, it generates rotational force, driving the excavator.

[0034] Hinge assembly 4: installed on the outside of the housing 1-4 of the rotating mechanism 1, and connected to the front end of the gas spring using a high-strength pin.

[0035] Gas spring 6: integrated into the rotating mechanism 1 and the anti-collision mechanism 2, it can adaptively adjust the anti-collision distance to achieve a buffering and shock-absorbing effect, ensure the stability of the equipment during operation, and improve the impact resistance.

[0036] Jack (oil cylinder) 5: integrated into the rotating mechanism 1 and the anti-collision mechanism 2, with the gas spring 6 connected to the left side, used to push the rotating mechanism 1 and the anti-collision mechanism 2 to the wall of the caisson to enable them to function.

[0037] When you need to use this device:

[0038] (1) According to Figure 3 , as shown in Figure 4, assemble the motor, reducer, sliding plate, bearings, seals, tires, and other components as shown in the figure.

[0039] (2) After the above installation is completed, press Figure 5 Assemble the jack, gas spring, positioning plate, square tube and longitudinal wheel as shown in Figure 6.

[0040] (3) After completing the above installation, follow Figure 1 , 2 Install the anti-collision mechanism to the sliding machine base.

[0041] (4) When the earth-moving equipment needs to be activated, the operation steps are as follows: First, make sure the equipment is in Figure 1 , 2 is the initial position shown, at this time, the driving jack piston rod is in the extended state, and the rotating mechanism is pushed to slide outward along the sliding groove through the linkage action of the gas spring until the tire is completely in contact with the caisson wall; then the motor is started, and the tire is driven to rotate through the reducer, thereby driving the entire earth-excavating equipment to rotate; after the earth-excavating equipment moves to the target earth-excavating position, the motor is turned off and the jack piston rod is controlled to retract; after completing the above actions, the jack piston rod of the anti-collision mechanism is extended, pushing the gas spring, square tube and wheel assembly to translate outward until the longitudinal wheel is in close contact with the caisson wall; if the equipment needs to be moved again, it is only necessary to retract the piston rod to separate the longitudinal wheel from the wall, and the above process can be repeated.

[0042] The core innovation of this invention is its integration of rotation adjustment and positioning collision avoidance, enabling flexible, multi-angle rotation and stable positioning of earth-excavating equipment during caisson operations. The sliding base integrates the rotation mechanism and collision avoidance mechanism, utilizing the tires' contact with the well wall to generate rotational force. A gas spring coupled with the jack achieves adaptive adjustment of the collision avoidance distance.

Claims

1. A rotating and anti-collision mechanism suitable for earth-taking equipment, characterized in that: include: The rotating mechanism, anti-collision mechanism, hinge assembly, gas spring, jack, and sliding machine base are symmetrically arranged, and the sliding machine base is slidingly connected to the rotating mechanism through a slide groove structure. The sliding machine base is equipped with an anti-collision mechanism to allow the earth-taking equipment to float freely and effectively prevent the earth-taking equipment from colliding with the well wall; a hinge assembly is installed on the outside of the shell of the rotating mechanism, and the hinge assembly is connected to the jack through a gas spring. The rotating mechanism is driven by the jack and radially displaced along the guide rail on the sliding machine base until it contacts the well wall, thereby realizing the rotation of the earth-taking equipment.

2. The rotation and anti-collision mechanism for earth-excavating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sliding machine base: As the basic installation carrier, it plays the role of installing and fixing the rotating mechanism and anti-collision mechanism.

3. The rotation and anti-collision mechanism for earth-excavating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Anti-collision mechanism: The left side is the longitudinal wheel, which is in direct contact with the caisson. The longitudinal wheel structure can make the earth-excavating equipment float freely and effectively prevent the earth-excavating equipment from colliding with the well wall; the right side is the power element, which drives the square tube to move through the jack and gas spring to push the longitudinal wheel to the well wall.

4. The rotation and anti-collision mechanism for earth-excavating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rotational mechanism: The upper part is the power element, and the electric motor and reducer are installed on a sliding plate to provide rotational power; the lower part is the actuator, which consists of a bracket, seal, bearing, and tire. When the tire contacts the wall of the caisson, a rotational force is generated to drive the earth-moving equipment to rotate.

5. The rotation and anti-collision mechanism for earth-excavating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hinge assembly: Installed on the outside of the rotating mechanism housing, using a high-strength pin to connect the front end of the gas spring.

6. The rotation and anti-collision mechanism for earth-excavating equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Gas spring: integrated into the rotating mechanism and anti-collision mechanism, it can adaptively adjust the anti-collision distance to achieve a buffering and shock-absorbing effect, ensure the stability of the equipment during operation, and improve impact resistance.

7. The rotation and anti-collision mechanism for earth-boring equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Jack: integrated into the rotating mechanism and anti-collision mechanism, with a gas spring connected to the left side, used to push the rotating mechanism and anti-collision mechanism onto the wall of the caisson to enable them to function.

8. A caisson soil excavation device, characterized by: Integrate the rotation and anti-collision mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for using the rotation and anti-collision mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: Step S1: When the earth-moving equipment is activated, the jack on the rotating mechanism pushes the tire to fit the well wall; Step S2: The motor drives the tire to rotate through the reducer, thereby driving the entire earth-moving equipment to rotate to the target position; Step S3: The jack on the rotating mechanism retracts, and the jack piston rod of the anti-collision mechanism extends, pushing the gas spring, square tube and wheel assembly to translate outward until the longitudinal wheel is in close contact with the caisson wall.

10. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that: If the earth-moving equipment needs to be moved again, it is only necessary to retract the jack piston rod of the anti-collision mechanism to separate the longitudinal wheel from the well wall, and then the above process can be repeated.

Images