One-way air inlet radial swirler

Abstract

The invention provides a one-way air inlet radial swirler and belongs to the technical field of aero-engines, the one-way air inlet radial swirler comprises an annular outer shell, a front mounting edge matched with a fuel nozzle and a venturi tube, the front mounting edge is located at the front end of the outer shell in the airflow direction, and the venturi tube is located at the rear end of the outer shell in the airflow direction; an annular convergence structure is arranged in the outer shell, a rotational flow groove is formed in the front end, in the airflow direction, of the annular convergence structure, an annular air collection cavity is formed between the outer shell and the annular convergence structure, a one-way valve structure is arranged in the annular air collection cavity, and the one-way valve structure controls opening and closing of an airflow channel of the radial swirler according to front and back pressure changes of the swirler. By means of the treatment scheme, the radial swirler channel can be actively controlled to be opened and closed according to the front and back pressure changes of the swirler, it is guaranteed that an oil-gas mixture in the flame tube cannot flow back to the exterior of the flame tube through the swirler airflow channel to cause ablation, and the safety and stability of equipment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aero-engines, and in particular to a one-way air inlet radial vortex finder. Background Art

[0002] Swirl finders are key components in combustion system design, primarily used to promote efficient combustion of the fuel-air mixture. Traditional radial swirler designs often lack effective backflow protection mechanisms. This can lead to reverse flow of the fuel-air mixture from the swirler at the liner head to the outside of the liner under certain operating conditions, causing erosion in the main combustion chamber. This not only impacts the safety and stability of the equipment but can also result in costly repairs and operational disruptions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a one-way air intake radial vortex finder, which at least partially solves the problem in the prior art that in an abnormal state, the oil-gas mixture in the main combustion chamber will flow back from the vortex finder at the head of the flame tube to the outside of the flame tube, causing erosion of the main combustion chamber.

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides a one-way air intake radial vortex finder, comprising an outer shell arranged in an annular shape, a front mounting edge cooperating with a fuel nozzle, and a venturi tube, wherein the front mounting edge is located at the front end of the outer shell along the airflow direction, the venturi tube is located at the rear end of the outer shell along the airflow direction, an annular convergence structure is provided inside the outer shell, a swirl groove is provided at the front end of the annular convergence structure along the airflow direction, an annular air collecting cavity is formed between the outer shell and the annular convergence structure, a one-way valve structure is provided in the annular air collecting cavity, and the one-way valve structure controls the radial vortex finder airflow channel switch according to the pressure change before and after the vortex finder.

[0005] According to a specific implementation method of an embodiment of the present application, the one-way valve structure includes a retractable structure, a cover plate and a valve. The retractable structure is located in the annular air collecting chamber. The retractable direction of the retractable structure is the same as the axial direction of the vortex finder. The cover plate and the valve are both annular structures. The cover plate and the valve are located between the outer shell and the annular convergent structure. The cover plate is located on the outside. The air inlet side of the valve is in contact and sealed with the cover plate plane. The other side of the valve abuts on the retractable structure. When the retractable structure is not compressed, the plane where the valve is located covers the swirl groove; when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is in normal working state, the valve is subjected to the action of the positive pressure difference to compress the retractable structure to open the airflow channel. When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is abnormal, the valve is subjected to the action of the reverse pressure difference and closes the airflow channel under the action of the elastic force of the retractable structure.

[0006] According to a specific implementation method of an embodiment of the present application, the cover plate includes an outer ring and an inner ring, and a circumferentially evenly arranged connecting structure is provided between the inner ring and the outer ring. Through the support of the connecting structure, an open hole structure is formed between the inner ring and the outer ring.

[0007] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the total opening area of the opening structure is greater than the total opening area of the swirl groove.

[0008] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the inner diameter of the valve is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening structure, and the outer diameter of the valve is larger than the outer diameter of the opening structure.

[0009] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the inner periphery and / or outer periphery of the annular structure of the valve is provided with evenly arranged anti-rotation grooves.

[0010] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the outer periphery of the annular convergent structure and / or the inner periphery of the outer shell are provided with evenly arranged anti-rotation bosses, and the anti-rotation bosses cooperate with the anti-rotation grooves.

[0011] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, a groove is provided inside the outer shell at a position corresponding to the telescopic structure, and the telescopic structure is provided in the groove.

[0012] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the retractable structure is configured as a spring.

[0013] According to a specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application, at least three retractable structures are provided in the annular gas collecting cavity, and the retractable structures are evenly arranged.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] The one-way air intake radial vortex finder in the embodiment of the present application, by setting a one-way valve structure with a one-way air intake function, can actively control the radial vortex finder channel switch according to the pressure change before and after the vortex finder, and open the valve through the positive pressure difference when the engine is working normally to ensure the normal operation of the vortex finder; when an abnormal situation occurs in the engine causing a reverse pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder, the valve is closed to ensure that the oil and gas mixture in the flame tube cannot flow back through the vortex finder air flow channel to the outside of the flame tube to cause ablation problems, thereby improving the safety and stability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 An exploded view of a one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is another exploded view of a unidirectional air inlet radial vortex finder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of a one-way valve structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Front mounting edge; 2. One-way valve structure; 3. Annular convergence structure; 4. Swirl groove; 5. Venturi tube; 201. Cover plate; 202. Valve; 203. Spring; 204. Outer shell; 2011. Outer ring; 2012. Inner ring; 2013. Connecting structure; 2021. Annular structure; 2022. Anti-rotation groove; 2041. Groove; 2042. Anti-rotation boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the following embodiments and embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this application, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein can be used to implement an apparatus and / or practice a method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this apparatus and / or practice this method.

[0025] It should also be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present application. The illustrations only show components related to the present application and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the component layout type may also be more complicated.

[0026] Additionally, in the following description, specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of the examples. However, one skilled in the art will appreciate that the aspects described can be practiced without these specific details.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application provides a one-way air inlet radial vortex finder. Figures 1 to 4 Provide a detailed description.

[0028] In one embodiment, referring to Figure 1 A one-way air intake radial vortex finder includes an outer shell 204 with an annular structure, a front mounting edge 1 cooperating with a fuel nozzle, and a venturi 5. The front mounting edge 1 is located at the front end of the outer shell 204 along the airflow direction, and the venturi 5 is located at the rear end of the outer shell 204 along the airflow direction. An annular convergence structure 3 is provided inside the outer shell 204, and a swirl groove 4 is provided at the front end of the annular convergence structure 3 along the airflow direction. An annular air collecting cavity is formed between the outer shell 204 and the annular convergence structure 3. A one-way valve structure 2 is provided in the annular air collecting cavity. The one-way valve structure 2 controls the switch of the radial vortex finder airflow channel according to the pressure change before and after the vortex finder.

[0029] In this embodiment, by providing a one-way valve structure 2 with a one-way air intake function, the radial vortex finder channel switch can be actively controlled according to the pressure changes before and after the vortex finder. When the engine is operating normally, the valve 202 is opened by the positive pressure difference to ensure the normal operation of the vortex finder; when an abnormal situation occurs in the engine and a reverse pressure difference is generated at the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder, the valve 202 is closed to ensure that the oil and gas mixture in the flame tube cannot flow back to the outside of the flame tube through the vortex finder airflow channel to cause ablation problems, thereby improving the safety and stability of the equipment.

[0030] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 2 to 4The one-way valve structure 2 includes a retractable structure, a cover plate 201 and a valve 202. The retractable structure is located in the annular air collecting cavity. The retractable direction of the retractable structure is the same as the axial direction of the vortex finder. The cover plate 201 and the valve 202 are both annular structures. The cover plate 201 and the valve 202 are located between the outer shell 204 and the annular convergent structure 3. The cover plate 201 is located on the outside. The air inlet side of the valve 202 is in contact and sealed with the cover plate 201 plane. The other side of the valve 202 abuts on the retractable structure. When the retractable structure is not compressed, the plane where the valve 202 is located covers the swirl groove 4; when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is in normal working state, the valve 202 is subjected to the positive pressure difference to compress the retractable structure to open the airflow channel. When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is abnormal, the valve 202 is subjected to the reverse pressure difference and closes the airflow channel under the elastic force of the retractable structure.

[0031] In a specific implementation, the retractable structure is set as a spring 203. The initial position of the spring 203 is located at the edge of the swirl groove 4 facing the cover plate 201. Since the valve 202 abuts against the spring 203, the valve 202 can cover the swirl groove 4, ensuring that the swirl groove 4 in the cavity is in a completely closed state. When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is in a normal working state, the spring 203 is gradually compressed to the maximum force state. At this time, the valve 202 moves to the swirl groove 4. The cover plate 201 is fixed and does not move. Figure 1 As shown, at this time, the air flow can flow through the gap between the cover plate 201 and the valve 202, and flow into the swirl groove 4, and flow out from the rear end of the vortex finder, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the vortex finder.

[0032] In one embodiment, the cover plate 201 includes an outer ring 2011 and an inner ring 2012. Connecting structures 2013 are arranged evenly along the circumference between the inner and outer rings 2012 and 2011. Supported by the connecting structures 2013, an open structure is formed between the inner and outer rings 2012 and 2011. In practice, airflow can flow through the open structure into the gap between the cover plate 201 and the valve 202.

[0033] During specific implementation, at least three connection structures 2013 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction to ensure stability between the inner ring 2012 and the outer ring 2011 .

[0034] In one embodiment, the total opening area of the open hole structure is greater than the total opening area of the swirl groove 4 .

[0035] In one embodiment, the inner diameter of valve 202 is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening structure, while the outer diameter of valve 202 is larger than the outer diameter of the opening structure. Specifically, the annular structure 2021 of valve 202 is larger than the opening structure, and the opening structure can be completely covered by valve 202. By setting the inner and outer diameters of valve 202, when the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is constant, valve 202 is affected by the reverse pressure difference and closes the airflow channel under the elastic force of the retractable structure.

[0036] In one embodiment, the inner and / or outer circumference of the annular structure of the valve 202 is provided with uniformly arranged anti-rotation grooves 2022. Specifically, the protrusions on both sides of the anti-rotation groove 2022 located on the outer circumference of the annular structure 2021 abut against the outer wall of the annular gas collecting chamber, and the protrusions on both sides of the anti-rotation groove 2022 located on the inner circumference of the annular structure 2021 abut against the inner wall of the annular gas collecting chamber.

[0037] During specific implementation, the number of the anti-rotation grooves 2022 is greater than or equal to three.

[0038] In one embodiment, the outer periphery of the annular convergent structure 3 and / or the inner periphery of the outer shell 204 are provided with uniformly arranged anti-rotation bosses 2042, which cooperate with the anti-rotation grooves 2022. The cooperation between the anti-rotation bosses 2042 and the anti-rotation grooves 2022 fixes the valve 202 in the circumferential direction and prevents rotation.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the number of the anti-rotation bosses 2042 is greater than or equal to three.

[0040] In one embodiment, a groove 2041 is provided inside the outer shell 204 at a position corresponding to the telescopic structure, and the telescopic structure is disposed in the groove 2041 .

[0041] In one embodiment, the retractable structure is configured as a spring 203 .

[0042] In one embodiment, at least three retractable structures are provided in the annular gas collecting cavity, and the retractable structures are evenly arranged.

[0043] The embodiment provided by the present invention, by providing a one-way valve structure 2 with a one-way air intake function, can actively control the radial vortex finder channel switch according to the pressure change before and after the vortex finder, and open the valve 202 through the positive pressure difference when the engine is working normally to ensure the normal operation of the vortex finder; when an abnormal situation occurs in the engine causing a reverse pressure difference at the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder, the valve 202 is closed to ensure that the oil and gas mixture in the flame tube cannot flow back to the outside of the flame tube through the vortex finder airflow channel to cause ablation problems, thereby improving the safety and stability of the equipment.

[0044] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A one-way air inlet radial vortex finder, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer shell (204) arranged in an annular shape, a front mounting edge (1) matched with a fuel nozzle, and a venturi tube (5), wherein the front mounting edge (1) is located at the front end of the outer shell (204) along the airflow direction, and the venturi tube (5) is located at the rear end of the outer shell (204) along the airflow direction. An annular convergent structure (3) is provided inside the outer shell (204), and a swirl groove (4) is provided at the front end of the annular convergent structure (3) along the airflow direction. An annular air collecting cavity is formed between the outer shell (204) and the annular convergent structure (3), and a one-way valve structure (2) is provided in the annular air collecting cavity. The one-way valve structure (2) controls the opening and closing of the radial vortex finder airflow channel according to the pressure change before and after the vortex finder.

2. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way valve structure (2) comprises a telescopic structure, a cover plate (201) and a valve (202). The telescopic structure is located in the annular air collecting cavity. The telescopic direction of the telescopic structure is the same as the axial direction of the vortex finder. The cover plate (201) and the valve (202) are both annular structures. The cover plate (201) and the valve (202) are located between the outer shell (204) and the annular convergent structure (3). The cover plate (201) is located on the outside. The air inlet side of the valve (202) is in contact and sealed with the cover plate (201) plane. The other side of the valve (202) abuts against the telescopic structure. When the telescopic structure is not compressed, the plane where the valve (202) is located covers the swirl groove (4). When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is in a normal working state, the valve (202) is subjected to the positive pressure difference to compress the telescopic structure to open the air flow channel. When the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the vortex finder is abnormal, the valve (202) is subjected to the reverse pressure difference and closes the air flow channel under the elastic force of the telescopic structure.

3. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cover plate (201) comprises an outer ring (2011) and an inner ring (2012), wherein a connection structure (2013) arranged evenly in the circumferential direction is provided between the inner ring (2012) and the outer ring (2011), and an open hole structure is formed between the inner ring (2012) and the outer ring (2011) through the support of the connection structure (2013).

4. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The total open area of the open structure is greater than the total opening area of the swirl groove (4).

5. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the valve (202) is smaller than the inner diameter of the opening structure, and the outer diameter of the valve (202) is larger than the outer diameter of the opening structure.

6. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner circumference and / or outer circumference of the annular structure of the valve (202) are provided with uniformly arranged anti-rotation grooves (2022).

7. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the annular convergent structure (3) and / or the inner periphery of the outer shell (204) are provided with uniformly arranged anti-rotation bosses (2042), and the anti-rotation bosses (2042) are matched with the anti-rotation grooves (2022).

8. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove (2041) is provided inside the outer shell (204) at a position corresponding to the telescopic structure, and the telescopic structure is arranged in the groove (2041).

9. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The retractable structure is provided as a spring (203).

10. The one-way air inlet radial vortex finder according to claim 2-8, characterized in that: At least three retractable structures are provided in the annular gas collecting cavity, and the retractable structures are evenly arranged.

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