Portable ship vibration noise monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable ship vibration noise monitoring system and method, and belongs to the field of ship vibration noise. Comprising a plurality of optical fiber sensors which are respectively arranged at vibration points of mechanical equipment; the optical fiber sensor is an MEMS optical fiber sensor, and an MEMS chip and a GRIN self-focusing optical fiber probe are packaged in the optical fiber sensor; the full spectrum analyzer is connected with the optical fiber sensor; and the vibration monitoring and analyzing module is connected with the full spectrum analyzer and is used for receiving the result signal, further analyzing the result signal and prompting and alarming abnormal conditions of mechanical noise or acoustic faults. The system has the advantages that the MEMS sensor is high in precision, fast in response, small in size, wide in measurement range and high in reliability, and the optical fiber sensor is passive, resistant to large acceleration impact, resistant to electromagnetic interference, free of electromagnetic radiation, resistant to high voltage, resistant to high temperature and easy to integrate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship vibration and noise, and in particular to a portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system and method. Background Art

[0002] A key technology for comprehensively improving the offensive and defensive capabilities of modern naval equipment is enhancing its stealth performance. Target characteristics include electromagnetic, optical, magnetic, acoustic, and wake characteristics. Under current technological conditions, since sound waves are the best way to propagate long distances in water, the stealth performance of naval equipment is primarily acoustic stealth. To reduce underwater noise, navies around the world have developed ship-wide noise monitoring systems, such as the US TSMS, France's ASS, Australia's ISCMMS, and Canada's SNMS. Using hydrophones deployed on the ship's surface and vibration sensors on its power equipment, combined with the ship's own underwater noise monitoring system, these systems provide real-time monitoring of the ship's acoustic conditions and generate alerts for any anomalies or faults that could degrade its acoustic performance during navigation. The most reliable method for real-time monitoring and active control of ship vibration noise is to densely deploy hundreds or even thousands of broadband accelerometers along the ship's underwater surface. The US Seawolf-class nuclear submarine is equipped with over 500 accelerometers for stealth monitoring, diagnosis, and active control.

[0003] At present, piezoelectric sensors or MEMS capacitive sensors are mainly used for ship vibration and noise monitoring at home and abroad. It is difficult to take into account both low-frequency and high-frequency performance. In addition, there are many cables, which greatly limits the capacity of actual ship vibration measurement points and the difficulty of retrofitting them on existing or modified ships. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system and method, in order to solve the problems in the existing technology that it is difficult to balance low-frequency and high-frequency performance, and the large number of cables greatly limits the capacity of actual ship vibration measurement points and the difficulty of retrofitting on existing or modified ships.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system, comprising:

[0007] Optical fiber sensors, wherein there are several optical fiber sensors, each of which is installed at the vibration point of the mechanical equipment to measure the vibration noise of the mechanical equipment in real time and generate optical signals;

[0008] The optical fiber sensor is a MEMS optical fiber sensor, which encapsulates a MEMS chip and a GRIN self-focusing optical fiber probe;

[0009] a full spectrum analyzer, connected to the optical fiber sensor, for collecting and analyzing the optical signal generated by the optical fiber sensor, and outputting the analysis result as a result signal;

[0010] The vibration monitoring and analysis module is connected to the full spectrum analyzer, and is used to receive the result signal and perform further analysis, and to prompt and alarm for abnormal conditions of mechanical noise or acoustic faults.

[0011] On this basis, the present invention can also be improved as follows: the MEMS chip and the GRIN self-focusing fiber probe are connected through a packaging process to form a fiber MEMS vibration sensor, and the GRIN self-focusing fiber probe is fused with an optical fiber to transmit an optical signal for detecting vibration.

[0012] On this basis, the present invention can also be improved as follows: the full spectrum analyzer includes a high-speed parallel bus real-time processor array formed by cascading multiple FPGAs.

[0013] On this basis, the present invention can also be improved as follows: the full spectrum analyzer is equipped with a built-in online calibration wavelength reference module.

[0014] On this basis, the present invention can also be improved as follows: the full spectrum analyzer includes a tunable laser and a demodulation device.

[0015] On this basis, the present invention can also be improved as follows: the demodulation device includes a first optical fiber splitter, a second optical fiber splitter, a photoelectric detector, a data collector, an operation processing unit and a plurality of gratings;

[0016] The inlet end of the first optical fiber splitter is connected to the tunable laser, and the outlet end is respectively connected to the inlet end of the second optical fiber splitter and the first inlet end of the photodetector;

[0017] The outlet end of the second optical fiber splitter is a bidirectional port connected to the second inlet end of the optical fiber Bragg grating and the photodetector;

[0018] The first inlet end and the second inlet end form a first channel and a second channel through a photodetector;

[0019] The data collector is connected to the photoelectric detector, and the operation processing unit is connected to the data collector.

[0020] On this basis, the present invention can also be improved as follows: an optical multi-wavelength reference source is further provided between the outlet end of the first optical fiber splitter and the first inlet end of the photoelectric detector.

[0021] The present invention also proposes a portable ship vibration and noise monitoring method, which monitors ship vibration and noise according to the portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system described above, comprising:

[0022] S100, determining the vibration noise measurement point location, and then installing a MEMS fiber optic sensor at the measurement point location;

[0023] S200, connecting the signal measured by the MEMS optical fiber sensor to a full spectrum analyzer, which processes the ship noise data and then transmits the processed data to a vibration monitoring and analysis module;

[0024] S300, the vibration monitoring and analysis module further analyzes the data processed by the storage and computing integrated full-spectrum analyzer, monitors the vibration noise of the ship's vibration noise source in real time and displays the data visually, and issues prompts and alarms for abnormal mechanical noise or acoustic faults.

[0025] The beneficial effects provided by the present invention are:

[0026] The ship vibration and noise monitoring system proposed in this invention combines the advantages of MEMS sensors, such as high precision, fast response, compact size, wide measurement range, and high reliability, with the passive nature of fiber optic sensors, resistance to high acceleration shocks, immunity to electromagnetic interference, lack of electromagnetic radiation, high voltage resistance, high temperature resistance, and ease of integration. The system utilizes a combination of serial and parallel networking, making installation and replacement easy, and its modular design facilitates expansion and networking. The system can be rapidly deployed and plug-and-play on all types of ships, significantly shortening the implementation cycle of ship-wide vibration and noise measurements and reducing testing costs. It effectively addresses the issues of traditional methods failing to measure, accurately measuring, and completely measuring, reducing operational complexity and rapidly enhancing technical support capabilities.

[0027] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will become obvious from the following description or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the system framework provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a MEMS optical fiber sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the demodulation device structure of the full spectrum analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a spectrum signal provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, the present invention proposes a portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system, comprising:

[0034] Optical fiber sensors, wherein there are several optical fiber sensors, each of which is installed at the vibration point of the mechanical equipment to measure the vibration noise of the mechanical equipment in real time and generate optical signals;

[0035] A full-spectrum analyzer, connected to the fiber optic sensor, collects and analyzes the optical signals generated by the fiber optic sensor and outputs the analysis results as a result signal. This integrated storage and computing system utilizes internal and external memory fusion technology within a new storage architecture, enabling efficient processing of ship noise data. As the core hardware platform for signal demodulation and simultaneous data acquisition, processing, and storage at vibration monitoring points, the integrated storage and computing fiber optic sensor analyzer utilizes a low-power, high-reliability, and high-performance embedded hardware platform. Leveraging internal and external memory fusion technology within the new storage architecture, it enables efficient processing of ship vibration and noise data. To address diverse sea conditions and complex scenarios involving different ship models, it supports signal access, clock synchronization acquisition, and data analysis for a variety of passive fiber optic sensors, including MEMS fiber accelerometers of varying sizes, fiber optic strain gauges, MEMS fiber optic pressure gauges, fiber optic thermometers, and long-baseline MEMS strain gauges. The built-in software utilizes an open, scalable, and replicable flexible system architecture. By developing a unified data acquisition adaptation layer, it mitigates differences in protocols and data formats. Relying on the underlying software library, the system designs and encapsulates data distribution and processing components and hosting components for hardware such as demodulators, realizing data collection, data storage, data preprocessing and algorithm analysis for hardware such as fiber optic sensor analyzers and built-in storage and computing information processors. It also supports expert access to learn and process the algorithms, and forms data support for the expert system based on the full sea conditions of the ship. It can also be deployed synchronously with MEMS fiber optic sensors, avoiding complex cable layout and facilitating fast and flexible deployment of the system.

[0036] The vibration monitoring and analysis module, connected to the full-spectrum analyzer, continuously monitors and holographically visualizes the ship's vibration and noise sources based on measured vibration data from various main and auxiliary engines and the ship's hull structure in the ship's engine room. It provides prompts and alarms for abnormal mechanical noise or acoustic faults. It analyzes vibration transmission path characteristics using real-time thermal maps, conducts relevant analysis based on actual operating conditions, and develops effective mechanisms such as operating manuals to avoid adverse noise source transmission. It receives the resulting signals and conducts further analysis, providing prompts and alarms for abnormal mechanical noise or acoustic faults.

[0037] The solution provided by the present invention has the following effects:

[0038] The sensor combines the advantages of MEMS sensors, such as high precision, fast response, small size, wide measurement range, and high reliability, with the advantages of fiber optic sensors, such as being passive, resistant to large acceleration shocks, resistant to electromagnetic interference, free of electromagnetic radiation, resistant to high voltage, resistant to high temperatures, and easy to integrate. The system is equipped with an interface for communicating with portable detection instruments or portable computers, enabling the use of portable detection instruments or portable computers to collect monitoring data, conduct manual supplementary measurements, and perform comparative measurements to prevent data interruptions. The system adopts a serial-parallel networking method, which is easy to install and replace, and has a modular design that allows for easy expansion and networking. The system can be quickly deployed and plug-and-play on all types of ships, greatly shortening the implementation cycle of ship-wide vibration and noise measurements, reducing testing costs, and effectively resolving the problems of traditional methods that cannot be measured, cannot be accurately measured, and cannot be fully measured. It reduces the difficulty of operation and use, and rapidly improves technical support capabilities.

[0039] Alternatively, in some possible implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, the fiber optic sensor is a MEMS fiber optic sensor, which is encapsulated with a MEMS chip and a GRIN self-focusing fiber optic probe. By using MEMS processing technology, the size of the sensor can be made extremely small (the pressure-temperature chip area is less than 2mm 2mm, and the vibration-temperature chip area is less than 5mm 6mm) and has a temperature-pressure-three-axis vibration composite measurement function to meet the high-precision measurement needs in engineering applications. At the same time, the sensor is manufactured using bonding and welding, without glue. The frequency resolution of the sensor for 0.05Hz low-frequency vibration signals is better than 0.001Hz, and it can pick up and restore audio signals within 2000Hz with high fidelity; the linear measurement accuracy of acceleration is better than 0.1% FS, and the speed and vibration amplitude can be accurately calculated; the synchronous acquisition rate is 100Hz~10KHz, and the acquisition rate can be set by software; it is resistant to electromagnetic interference, not damaged by lightning, and the fiber optic transmission distance exceeds 10km;

[0040] Laser light is transmitted through an optical fiber to a MEMS vibration chip, which converts external vibration changes into the torsion angle of the MEMS asymmetric torsion mirror, which corresponds to the strength of the vibration acceleration. The GRIN self-focusing probe converts the torsion angle of the micromirror into changes in optical signal intensity through changes in optical fiber coupling efficiency. The modulated optical signal is then transmitted via optical fiber to a photoelectric acquisition board, which ultimately demodulates the optical signal into an electrical signal. This detects changes in optical signal power and enables vibration signal detection. This expands the monitoring range of the optical fiber sensor and addresses the difficulty of balancing low-frequency and high-frequency performance in existing piezoelectric or MEMS capacitive sensors.

[0041] Optionally, in some possible embodiments, the full spectrum analyzer includes a high-speed parallel bus real-time processor array constructed of multiple FPGAs (Field-Programmable-Gate-Arrays), with a data processing capacity of 10 Gbit / s, ensuring that the 10 measurement channels are independent and parallel to each other, and can simultaneously perform dynamic wavelength signal demodulation of up to 2500 Hz, with a wavelength resolution of 0.1 pm and a wavelength measurement accuracy of no more than ±3 pm.

[0042] Optionally, in some possible implementations, the full spectrum analyzer has a built-in online calibration wavelength reference module, which does not require calibration and can ensure long-term measurement accuracy within the operating temperature range.

[0043] Alternatively, in some possible implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the full spectrum analyzer includes a demodulation device, which includes a tunable laser. The wavelength demodulation device based on the wavelength tunable filtering method constructed using the tunable laser has a very high fiber-outlet light energy density, so it can achieve smooth expansion of the measurement channel through multi-path splitting without the need for expensive optical switches, reducing the hardware cost of the system, and has significant technical advantages in vibration, strain and pressure measurement applications that require high-speed and synchronous measurement.

[0044] Alternatively, in some possible implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the demodulation device further includes a first optical fiber splitter, a second optical fiber splitter, a photoelectric detector, a data collector, an operation processing unit and several gratings;

[0045] The inlet end of the first optical fiber splitter is connected to the tunable laser, and the outlet end is respectively connected to the inlet end of the second optical fiber splitter and the first inlet end of the photodetector;

[0046] The outlet end of the second optical fiber splitter is a bidirectional port, connected to the second inlet end of the optical fiber Bragg grating and the photoelectric detector, and can transmit and receive data with the optical fiber Bragg grating;

[0047] The first inlet port and the second inlet port form a first channel and a second channel through a photodetector; the first channel is an optical multi-wavelength reference source channel, which generally uses a comb filter to generate multiple spectral transmission peaks with equal wavelength intervals and thermally stable wavelength values as wavelength measurement calibration signals; the second channel is a sensing measurement channel, which receives reflection spectrum signals of one or more fiber Bragg gratings by connecting to a fiber Bragg grating array;

[0048] The data collector is connected to the photoelectric detector and is used to synchronously collect data from the first channel and the second channel;

[0049] The arithmetic processing unit is connected to the data collector and is used to calculate the time difference between the appearance time of the reflection peak of each fiber grating in the second channel and the appearance time of the transmission peak of a certain wavelength reference source in the first channel based on the data synchronously collected by the data collector, and then calculate the wavelength value offset of each fiber grating in the second channel relative to the certain wavelength reference source in the first channel in combination with the wavelength-time scanning speed of the tunable laser.

[0050] The first channel is the optical multi-wavelength reference source channel, which usually uses a comb filter to generate multiple spectral transmission peaks with equal wavelength intervals and thermally stable wavelength values as wavelength measurement calibration signals; the second channel is the sensing measurement channel, which receives the reflection spectrum signals of one or more fiber Bragg gratings by connecting to the fiber Bragg grating array.

[0051] The tunable laser operates in a periodic wavelength scanning state. When it scans to a certain fiber grating wavelength, it allows the reflected light signal of the fiber grating to pass through.

[0052] When the tunable laser starts scanning from a certain wavelength range, synchronous data acquisition is performed on the first channel and the second channel, and the time difference between the appearance time of the reflection peak of each fiber Bragg grating in the second channel and the appearance time of the transmission peak of a certain wavelength reference source in the first channel can be calculated. Then, combined with the wavelength-time scanning speed of the tunable laser, the wavelength value offset of each fiber Bragg grating in the second channel relative to a certain wavelength reference source in the first channel is calculated, and the wavelength range is preferably 1525nm to 1565nm; since the wavelength values of the spectral transmission peaks corresponding to all wavelength reference sources in the first channel have been accurately measured in advance, the accurate wavelength measurement values of all fiber Bragg gratings in the second channel can be calculated. The spectral signal is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0053] The wavelength demodulation equipment based on the wavelength tunable filtering method constructed with tunable lasers has a very high fiber-optic light energy density. Therefore, it can achieve smooth expansion of measurement channels through multi-path splitting, without the need for expensive optical switches, reducing the hardware cost of the system. It also has significant technical advantages in vibration, strain and pressure measurement applications that require high-speed and synchronous measurement.

[0054] Optionally, in some possible implementations, an optical multi-wavelength reference source is further provided between the outlet end of the first optical fiber splitter and the first inlet end of the photodetector to eliminate nonlinear errors of piezoelectric ceramics or electrostatic drive inside the tunable laser.

[0055] The present invention also proposes a portable ship vibration and noise monitoring method, which monitors ship vibration and noise according to the portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system described above, comprising:

[0056] S100, determining the vibration noise measurement point location, and then installing a MEMS fiber optic sensor at the measurement point location;

[0057] S200, connecting the signal measured by the MEMS optical fiber sensor to a full spectrum analyzer, which processes the ship noise data and then transmits the processed data to a vibration monitoring and analysis module;

[0058] S300, the vibration monitoring and analysis module further analyzes the data processed by the storage and computing integrated full-spectrum analyzer, monitors the vibration noise of the ship's vibration noise source in real time and displays the data visually, and issues prompts and alarms for abnormal mechanical noise or acoustic faults.

[0059] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program implements the steps of the above-mentioned method when executed by a processor.

[0060] Optionally, in some possible implementations, all or part of the above implementations may be included.

[0061] It should be understood that in the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this description, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and some features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0062] Of course, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make various corresponding changes and modifications based on the present invention, but these changes and modifications should all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system, characterized in that: include, Optical fiber sensors, wherein there are several optical fiber sensors, each of which is installed at the vibration point of the mechanical equipment to measure the vibration noise of the mechanical equipment in real time and generate optical signals; The optical fiber sensor is a MEMS optical fiber sensor, which encapsulates a MEMS chip and a GRIN self-focusing optical fiber probe; a full spectrum analyzer, connected to the optical fiber sensor, for collecting and analyzing the optical signal generated by the optical fiber sensor, and outputting the analysis result as a result signal; The vibration monitoring and analysis module is connected to the full spectrum analyzer, and is used to receive the result signal and perform further analysis, and to prompt and alarm for abnormal conditions of mechanical noise or acoustic faults.

2. The portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MEMS chip and the GRIN self-focusing optical fiber probe are connected through a packaging process to form an optical fiber MEMS vibration sensor. The GRIN self-focusing optical fiber probe is fused with an optical fiber to transmit an optical signal for detecting vibration.

3. The portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The full spectrum analyzer comprises a high-speed parallel bus real-time processor array formed by cascading multiple FPGAs.

4. The portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The full spectrum analyzer has a built-in online calibration wavelength reference module.

5. The portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The full spectrum analyzer includes a tunable laser and a demodulation device.

6. The portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The demodulation device includes a first optical fiber splitter, a second optical fiber splitter, a photoelectric detector, a data acquisition unit, an operation processing unit and several gratings; The inlet end of the first optical fiber splitter is connected to the tunable laser, and the outlet end is respectively connected to the inlet end of the second optical fiber splitter and the first inlet end of the photodetector; The outlet end of the second optical fiber splitter is a bidirectional port connected to the second inlet end of the optical fiber Bragg grating and the photodetector; The first inlet end and the second inlet end form a first channel and a second channel through a photodetector; The data collector is connected to the photoelectric detector, and the operation processing unit is connected to the data collector.

7. The portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: An optical multi-wavelength reference source is also provided between the outlet end of the first optical fiber splitter and the first inlet end of the photoelectric detector.

8. A portable ship vibration noise monitoring method, characterized in that: The portable ship vibration and noise monitoring system according to claims 1 to 7 monitors ship vibration and noise, comprising: S100, determining the vibration noise measurement point location, and then installing a MEMS fiber optic sensor at the measurement point location; S200, connecting the signal measured by the MEMS optical fiber sensor to a full spectrum analyzer, which processes the ship noise data and then transmits the processed data to a vibration monitoring and analysis module; S300, the vibration monitoring and analysis module further analyzes the data processed by the storage and computing integrated full-spectrum analyzer, monitors the vibration noise of the ship's vibration noise source in real time and displays the data visually, and issues prompts and alarms for abnormal mechanical noise or acoustic faults.

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