A method, device and storage medium for synchronous calculation of deep convective cloud in-and-out rates

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method, device, and storage medium for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, belonging to the field of atmospheric science and technology. The method comprises: obtaining original observation data; identifying spatial locations in a cloud droplet spectrum that simultaneously meet water content and number concentration requirements as deep convective clouds, and identifying the remaining spatial locations as outside the cloud; identifying the spatial location with the maximum water content in the deep convective cloud as an adiabatic cloud; identifying the representative portion outside the cloud as ambient air; subtracting the detection altitude from the cloud base altitude to obtain a relative cloud base altitude; substituting the corresponding data of the deep convective cloud and the adiabatic cloud, as well as the corresponding data of the ambient air, into three conservation equations for mass, total moisture, and total energy, and solving them to obtain mass fractions; and calculating the in-and-out rates in combination with the relative cloud base altitude. The present invention can calculate the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds using observation data, thus filling the gap in methods for calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds based on observation data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method, device and storage medium for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric science. Background Art

[0002] The vertical transport of matter and energy by convection directly affects the energy budget of the Earth-atmosphere system. Since the 1960s, convective parameterizations have been used in numerical models to explain the interaction between convective clouds and the large-scale environment. The mass flux scheme is a commonly used convective parameterization scheme, in which the in- and out-entrainment rates are two key parameters that determine the vertical variation of mass flux. Studies have shown that changes in the in- and out-entrainment rates have significant impacts on tropical cyclones, tropical atmospheric intraseasonal oscillations, precipitation, monsoons, and climate sensitivity. To better understand entrainment processes and improve convective parameterization schemes in models, it is crucial to accurately calculate the in- and out-entrainment rates of deep and shallow convective clouds using observational data.

[0003] Similar existing technologies for calculating entrainment and roll-out rates based on observational data include the cumulus column method, the mixing ratio method, and the synchronous calculation method. The cumulus column method calculates the entrainment rate based on conserved physical quantities in the cloud and ambient air. The mixing ratio method uses the proportion of adiabatic cloud when dry air mixes with adiabatic cloud. This method has been shown to have smaller errors than the cumulus column method. However, the cumulus column method and the mixing ratio method can only obtain the entrainment rate from observational data and cannot calculate the roll-out rate. The synchronous calculation method can calculate the entrainment and roll-out rates from observational data. However, this method is no longer applicable when precipitation occurs and is therefore only applicable to shallow convective clouds. It cannot calculate the entrainment and roll-out rates of deep convective clouds in the presence of precipitation. Therefore, a synchronous calculation method that can calculate the entrainment and roll-out rates of deep convective clouds using observational data is urgently needed to fill the gap in methods for calculating the roll-out rates of deep convective clouds based on observations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide a method, device and storage medium for synchronous calculation of the in-and-out rate of deep convective clouds, which can calculate the in-and-out rate of deep convective clouds using observation data, and fill the gap in the method for calculating the in-and-out rate of deep convective clouds based on observation data.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Acquiring original observation data, wherein the original observation data includes meteorological information, cloud droplet spectra, and precipitation particle spectra obtained by synchronous observation at different spatial locations;

[0008] The spatial locations in the cloud droplet spectrum that meet both the water content and number concentration requirements are identified as deep convective clouds, and the remaining spatial locations are identified as outside the cloud. The spatial location with the maximum water content in the deep convective cloud is identified as adiabatic cloud, and the representative part outside the cloud is identified as ambient air.

[0009] Obtain the detection altitude, then obtain the cloud base altitude based on meteorological information and cloud droplet spectrum, and finally subtract the detection altitude from the cloud base altitude to obtain the relative cloud base altitude.

[0010] Substitute meteorological information, cloud droplet spectra, and precipitation particle spectra corresponding to deep convective and adiabatic clouds, as well as meteorological information corresponding to ambient air, into the three conservation equations for mass, total moisture, and total energy, and solve them to obtain the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction.

[0011] The entrainment rate and entrainment rate are calculated based on the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction and the entrained air mass fraction, combined with the relative cloud base height.

[0012] The calculation formulas for the water content and number concentration are:

[0013] (1);

[0014] (2);

[0015] Where LWC is the water content, N is the number concentration, k is the number of cloud droplet spectrum data files, r i is the radius of the particle in the i-th gear, in μm, ρ w is the density of liquid water, in units of , n i is the particle number concentration in the i-th gear, in units of .

[0016] The water content LWC and number concentration N corresponding to deep convective clouds satisfy LWC>0.001 and N>10 cm –3 .

[0017] The three conservation equations of mass, total water content and total energy are specifically:

[0018] (3);

[0019] (4);

[0020] (5);

[0021] where m a 、m e and md are the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction; h a 、h e 、h d and h c are the adiabatic air hygrostatic energy, the entrained air hygrostatic energy, the entrained air hygrostatic energy and the cloud air hygrostatic energy; q ta ,q te ,q td and q tc are the total moisture of adiabatic air, total moisture of entrained air, total moisture of entrained air and total moisture of air in the cloud; q l is the cloud water mixing ratio after precipitation, which is equal to the liquid water mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds c and the rainwater mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds rc sum; q ic is the mixing ratio of ice particles in deep convective clouds; c 0liq and c 0ice are the liquid phase precipitation efficiency and ice phase precipitation efficiency, respectively; For height interval.

[0022] The specific calculation formulas for the roll-in rate and roll-out rate are:

[0023] (6);

[0024] (7);

[0025] Where ε is the roll-in rate, δ is the roll-out rate, and H is the relative cloud base height.

[0026] Liquid phase precipitation efficiency c 0liq and ice-phase precipitation efficiency c 0ice Calculated from observational data or numerical simulation data: , where q pre is the precipitation, q lm and q im They are the cloud water mixing ratio and the ice phase particle mixing ratio in deep convective clouds after precipitation, respectively.

[0027] Adiabatic air hygrostatic energy h a 、Wet static energy of air involved h e , wet static energy of rolled-out air h d and the humid static energy of the air in the cloud h c The calculation formula is:

[0028] (8);

[0029] (9);

[0030] (10);

[0031] Wet static energy of air rolled out h d Equal to 90% of the ambient air temperature T e Lower saturated wet static energy h se With 10% of the cloud air humid static energy h c sum;

[0032] Among them, T a is the adiabatic air temperature, c p is the specific heat capacity of dry air at constant pressure, g is the acceleration due to gravity, L v is the latent heat of vaporization, L f is the latent heat of melting, z is the detection height, q va is the adiabatic air-water vapor mixing ratio, q ia is the adiabatic air-ice phase particle mixing ratio, q ve is the ambient air water vapor mixing ratio, T c is the temperature inside the deep convective cloud, q vc is the water vapor mixing ratio in deep convective clouds, q ic is the mixing ratio of ice-phase particles in deep convective clouds.

[0033] Total moisture of adiabatic air q ta is the adiabatic air-water vapor mixing ratio q va , adiabatic air-liquid-water mixture ratio q ca , adiabatic air-rainwater mixing ratio q ra and adiabatic air ice phase particle mixing ratio q ia sum;

[0034] Total moisture in the air q te Equal to the ambient air water vapor mixing ratio q ve ;

[0035] Total moisture of the air q td 90% of the ambient air temperature T e Lower saturated water vapor mixing ratio q vse With 10% of the total moisture in the cloud air q tc sum;

[0036] Total moisture in the cloud air q tc is the water vapor mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds vc , liquid-water mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds c , rainwater mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds rc and the mixing ratio of ice particles in deep convective clouds q ic sum.

[0037] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a device for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, comprising:

[0038] A data acquisition module is used to acquire original observation data, which includes meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum obtained by synchronous observation at different spatial locations;

[0039] The recognition module is used to identify the spatial locations in the cloud droplet spectrum that meet both the water content and number concentration requirements as deep convective clouds, and the remaining spatial locations as outside the cloud. The spatial location with the maximum water content in the deep convective cloud is identified as adiabatic cloud, and the representative part outside the cloud is identified as ambient air.

[0040] The relative cloud base height confirmation module is used to obtain the detection altitude, and then obtain the cloud base height based on meteorological information and cloud droplet spectrum. Finally, the relative cloud base height is obtained by subtracting the detection altitude from the cloud base height.

[0041] The mass fraction calculation module is used to substitute the meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum data corresponding to deep convective clouds and adiabatic clouds, as well as the meteorological information data corresponding to the ambient air, into the three conservation equations of mass, total moisture, and total energy to solve them and obtain the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction;

[0042] The entrainment and outtraining rate calculation module is used to calculate the entrainment rate and outtraining rate based on the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrainment air mass fraction and the outtraining air mass fraction in combination with the relative cloud base height.

[0043] In a third aspect, the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon. When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds is implemented.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides a method, device and storage medium for synchronous calculation of the involution and outvolution rates of deep convective clouds, which substitute meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum and precipitation particle spectrum data corresponding to deep convective clouds and adiabatic clouds, as well as meteorological information data corresponding to ambient air, into three conservation equations of mass, total moisture and total energy for solution. The conservation equation of total energy introduces precipitation efficiency, which can be directly applied to observation data to obtain a data set of deep convective cloud involution and outvolution rates, thus filling the gap in methods for calculating deep convective cloud outvolution rates based on observation data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 3 is a probability distribution diagram of the roll-in rate (a) and the roll-out rate (b) calculated based on aircraft observation data using the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, comprising the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Obtain raw observation data, primarily including detected meteorological information (temperature, air pressure, altitude, and water vapor mixing ratio), cloud droplet spectrum data (for calculating the liquid-water mixing ratio, water content, and number concentration), and precipitation particle spectrum data (for calculating the rainwater mixing ratio and ice-phase particle mixing ratio). Meteorological information requires data on both the air inside and outside the clouds. This example uses aircraft observation data from the TOGA-COARE (Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment) project conducted in the western Pacific from 1992 to 1993 as sample data.

[0051] Step 2: The spatial locations in the cloud droplet spectrum that meet both the water content and number concentration requirements are identified as deep convective clouds, and the remaining spatial locations are identified as outside the cloud.

[0052] Specifically, the calculation formulas for water content and number concentration are:

[0053] (1);

[0054] (2);

[0055] Where LWC is the water content, N is the number concentration, k is the number of cloud droplet spectrum data files, r i is the radius of the particle in the i-th gear, in μm, ρ w is the density of liquid water, in units of , n i is the particle number concentration in the i-th gear, in units of .

[0056] The water content LWC and number concentration N corresponding to deep convective clouds satisfy LWC>0.001 and N>10 cm –3 Air that does not meet these conditions is identified as outside the cloud. For a single deep convective cloud, continuous detection of clouds meeting these conditions is required, and the detection width must exceed 150 meters. Based on this, 106 deep convective clouds were selected in the TOGA-COARE project.

[0057] The spatial location of the deep convective cloud with the maximum water content is then identified as the adiabatic cloud. Furthermore, a representative portion outside the cloud is identified as ambient air. Specifically, ambient air is represented by the air outside the cloud beyond 500 m from the cloud boundary or by the air outside the cloud at the same altitude as the deep convective cloud in the clear sky profile from an aircraft.

[0058] Step three: Obtain the detection altitude using meteorological information observation instruments, then determine the cloud base height based on meteorological information and the cloud droplet spectrum. Finally, the difference between the detection altitude and the cloud base altitude is used to determine the relative cloud base altitude. The cloud base altitude is based on observed cloud droplet spectrum data and meteorological information, with the maximum water content in the selected deep convective cloud being used as the adiabatic water content, extrapolated to the altitude where the water content equals zero. Alternatively, based on observed cloud droplet spectrum data and meteorological information, the cloud base altitude can be represented by the altitude where the water content in the vertical water content profile observed by aircraft equals zero. Alternatively, based on ground-based lidar observations, the cloud base altitude can be obtained from ground-based lidar observations on the day of the aircraft detection.

[0059] Step 4: Substitute the meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum data corresponding to deep convective clouds and adiabatic clouds, as well as the meteorological information data corresponding to the ambient air, into the three conservation equations of mass, total moisture, and total energy and solve them to obtain the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction.

[0060] The three conservation equations for mass, total water content, and total energy are:

[0061] (3);

[0062] (4);

[0063] (5);

[0064] where m a 、m e and m d are the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction; h a 、h e 、h d and h c are the adiabatic air hygrostatic energy, the entrained air hygrostatic energy, the entrained air hygrostatic energy and the cloud air hygrostatic energy; q ta ,q te ,q td and q tc are the total moisture of adiabatic air, total moisture of entrained air, total moisture of entrained air and total moisture of air in the cloud; q l is the cloud water mixing ratio after precipitation, which is equal to the liquid water mixing ratio q in deep convective cloudsc and the rainwater mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds rc sum; q ic is the mixing ratio of ice particles in deep convective clouds; c 0liq and c 0ice are the liquid phase precipitation efficiency and ice phase precipitation efficiency, respectively; is the height interval. According to the data in Table 1, the mass fraction of adiabatic air m is calculated by combining formula (3), formula (4) and formula (5): a , mass fraction of air involved m e and the mass fraction of the air entrained m d .

[0065] Liquid phase precipitation efficiency c 0liq and ice-phase precipitation efficiency c 0ice Calculated from observational data or numerical simulation data: , where q pre is the precipitation, q lm and q im are the cloud water mixing ratio and the ice phase particle mixing ratio in deep convective clouds after precipitation, respectively. In addition, the liquid phase precipitation efficiency c 0liq and ice-phase precipitation efficiency c 0ice Alternatively, you can use the setpoints from the Greer–Freitas convection scheme: .

[0066] Adiabatic air hygrostatic energy h a 、Wet static energy of air involved h e , wet static energy of rolled-out air h d and the humid static energy of the air in the cloud h c The calculation formula is:

[0067] (6);

[0068] (7);

[0069] (8);

[0070] Wet static energy of air rolled out h d Equal to 90% of the ambient air temperature T e Lower saturated wet static energy h se With 10% of the cloud air humid static energy h c sum;

[0071] Among them, T a is the adiabatic air temperature, c p is the specific heat capacity of dry air at constant pressure, g is the acceleration due to gravity, L v is the latent heat of vaporization, L fis the latent heat of melting, z is the detection height, q va is the adiabatic air-water vapor mixing ratio, q ia is the adiabatic air-ice phase particle mixing ratio, q ve is the ambient air water vapor mixing ratio, T c is the temperature inside the deep convective cloud, q vc is the water vapor mixing ratio in deep convective clouds, q ic is the mixing ratio of ice-phase particles in deep convective clouds.

[0072] Total moisture of adiabatic air q ta is the adiabatic air-water vapor mixing ratio q va , adiabatic air-liquid-water mixture ratio q ca , adiabatic air-rainwater mixing ratio q ra and adiabatic air ice phase particle mixing ratio q ia sum.

[0073] Total moisture in the air q te Equal to the ambient air water vapor mixing ratio q ve .

[0074] Total moisture of the air q td 90% of the ambient air temperature T e Lower saturated water vapor mixing ratio q vse With 10% of the total moisture in the cloud air q tc sum.

[0075] Total moisture in the cloud air q tc is the water vapor mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds vc , liquid-water mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds c , rainwater mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds rc and the mixing ratio of ice particles in deep convective clouds q ic sum.

[0076] Formula (5) in step 4 of the present invention is derived based on the following derivation. In non-precipitating clouds, the total water content is conserved, and the conservation equation is expressed as:

[0077] (9);

[0078] However, in deep convective clouds, precipitation will lead to non-conservation of mass, so the total water conservation equation is no longer applicable in deep convective clouds. In the currently commonly used convective parameterization scheme, deep convective cloud precipitation is adjusted using the precipitation efficiency c0:

[0079] (10);

[0080] where q l is the cloud water mixing ratio after precipitation, q lt is the cloud water mixing ratio before precipitation, is the height interval. Formula (10) can be rewritten as:

[0081] (11);

[0082] That is, at a high interval The precipitation in In the Greer-Freitas convection scheme, liquid phase precipitation and ice phase precipitation are considered separately, namely and , and c 0liq = 2c 0ice By referring to the treatment of precipitation efficiency in the convective parameterization scheme, the precipitation process is taken into account in the total moisture conservation equation, and formula (9) becomes formula (5) in step 4, which is the total moisture conservation equation applicable to deep convective clouds.

[0083] Table 1. Observational data from the TOGA-COARE project

[0084]

[0085] Step 5: Based on the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction, the entrained rate and the entrained rate are calculated in combination with the relative cloud base height.

[0086] Specifically, the calculation formulas for the roll-in rate and roll-out rate are as follows:

[0087] (12);

[0088] (13);

[0089] Where ε is the roll-in rate, δ is the roll-out rate, and H is the relative cloud base height.

[0090] Figure 2 The results of the involution and outvolution rates calculated by the method of the present invention based on aircraft observation data from the TOGA-COARE project are presented. The numerical results are close to the results of deep convective cloud involution and outvolution rates reported in previous numerical simulation studies, which proves that the calculation formula of the present invention is accurate and reasonable, and can be directly applied to observation data to obtain a dataset of deep convective cloud involution and outvolution rates.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] This embodiment discloses a device for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, comprising:

[0093] A data acquisition module is used to acquire original observation data, which includes meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum obtained by synchronous observation at different spatial locations;

[0094] The recognition module is used to identify the spatial locations in the cloud droplet spectrum that meet both the water content and number concentration requirements as deep convective clouds, and the remaining spatial locations as outside the cloud. The spatial location with the maximum water content in the deep convective cloud is identified as adiabatic cloud, and the representative part outside the cloud is identified as ambient air.

[0095] The relative cloud base height confirmation module is used to obtain the detection altitude, and then obtain the cloud base height based on meteorological information and cloud droplet spectrum. Finally, the relative cloud base height is obtained by subtracting the detection altitude from the cloud base height.

[0096] The mass fraction calculation module is used to substitute the meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum data corresponding to deep convective clouds and adiabatic clouds, as well as the meteorological information data corresponding to the ambient air, into the three conservation equations of mass, total moisture, and total energy to solve them and obtain the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction;

[0097] The entrainment and outtraining rate calculation module is used to calculate the entrainment rate and outtraining rate based on the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrainment air mass fraction and the outtraining air mass fraction in combination with the relative cloud base height.

[0098] Example 3

[0099] This embodiment discloses a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon. When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds is implemented.

[0100] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Acquiring original observation data, wherein the original observation data includes meteorological information, cloud droplet spectra, and precipitation particle spectra obtained by synchronous observation at different spatial locations; The spatial locations in the cloud droplet spectrum that meet both the water content and number concentration requirements are identified as deep convective clouds, and the remaining spatial locations are identified as outside the cloud. The spatial location with the maximum water content in the deep convective cloud is identified as adiabatic cloud, and the representative part outside the cloud is identified as ambient air. Obtain the detection altitude, then obtain the cloud base altitude based on meteorological information and cloud droplet spectrum, and finally subtract the detection altitude from the cloud base altitude to obtain the relative cloud base altitude. The meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum data corresponding to deep convective clouds and adiabatic clouds, as well as the meteorological information data corresponding to the ambient air, are substituted into the three conservation equations of mass, total moisture, and total energy and solved to obtain the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction. The three conservation equations of mass, total moisture, and total energy are specifically as follows: （3）； （4）； （5）； where m a 、m e and m d are the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction; h a 、h e 、h d and h c are the adiabatic air hygrostatic energy, the entrained air hygrostatic energy, the entrained air hygrostatic energy and the cloud air hygrostatic energy; q ta ,q te ,q td and q tc are the total moisture of adiabatic air, total moisture of entrained air, total moisture of entrained air and total moisture of air in the cloud; q l is the cloud water mixing ratio after precipitation, which is equal to the liquid water mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds c and the rainwater mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds rc sum; q ic is the mixing ratio of ice particles in deep convective clouds; c 0liq and c 0ice are the liquid phase precipitation efficiency and ice phase precipitation efficiency, respectively; is the height interval, liquid phase precipitation efficiency c 0liq and ice-phase precipitation efficiency c 0ice Calculated from observational data or numerical simulation data: , where q pre is the precipitation, q lm and q im are the cloud water mixing ratio and the ice phase particle mixing ratio in deep convective clouds after precipitation, respectively; The entrainment rate and entrainment rate are calculated based on the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction and the entrained air mass fraction, combined with the relative cloud base height.

2. The method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formulas for the water content and number concentration are: （1）； （2）； Where LWC is the water content, N is the number concentration, k is the number of cloud droplet spectrum data files, r i is the radius of the particle in the i-th gear, in μm, ρ w is the density of liquid water, in units of , n i is the particle number concentration in the i-th gear, in units of .

3. The method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water content LWC and number concentration N corresponding to deep convective clouds satisfy LWC>0.001 and N>10 cm –3 .

4. The method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific calculation formulas for the roll-in rate and roll-out rate are: （6）； （7）； Where ε is the roll-in rate, δ is the roll-out rate, and H is the relative cloud base height.

5. The method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds according to claim 4, characterized in that: Adiabatic air hygrostatic energy h a 、Wet static energy of air involved h e , wet static energy of rolled-out air h d and the humid static energy of the air in the cloud h c The calculation formula is: （8）； （9）； （10）； Wet static energy of air rolled out h d Equal to 90% of the ambient air temperature T e Lower saturated wet static energy h se With 10% of the cloud air humid static energy h c sum; Among them, T a is the adiabatic air temperature, c p is the specific heat capacity of dry air at constant pressure, g is the acceleration due to gravity, L v is the latent heat of vaporization, L f is the latent heat of melting, z is the detection height, q va is the adiabatic air-water vapor mixing ratio, q ia is the adiabatic air-ice phase particle mixing ratio, q ve is the ambient air water vapor mixing ratio, T c is the temperature inside the deep convective cloud, q vc is the water vapor mixing ratio in deep convective clouds, q ic is the mixing ratio of ice-phase particles in deep convective clouds.

6. The method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds according to claim 5, characterized in that: Total moisture of adiabatic air q ta is the adiabatic air-water vapor mixing ratio q va , adiabatic air-liquid-water mixing ratio q ca , adiabatic air-rainwater mixing ratio q ra and adiabatic air ice phase particle mixing ratio q ia sum; Total moisture in the air q te Equal to the ambient air water vapor mixing ratio q ve ; Total moisture of the air q td 90% of the ambient air temperature T e Lower saturated water vapor mixing ratio q vse With 10% of the total moisture in the cloud air q tc sum; Total moisture in the cloud air q tc is the water vapor mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds vc , liquid-water mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds c , rainwater mixing ratio q in deep convective clouds rc and the mixing ratio of ice particles in deep convective clouds q ic sum.

7. A device for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds, characterized by: The method for synchronously calculating the deep convective cloud incursion and outcursion rates according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises: A data acquisition module is used to acquire original observation data, which includes meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum obtained by synchronous observation at different spatial locations; The recognition module is used to identify the spatial locations in the cloud droplet spectrum that meet both the water content and number concentration requirements as deep convective clouds, and the remaining spatial locations as outside the cloud. The spatial location with the maximum water content in the deep convective cloud is identified as adiabatic cloud, and the representative part outside the cloud is identified as ambient air. The relative cloud base height confirmation module is used to obtain the detection altitude, and then obtain the cloud base height based on meteorological information and cloud droplet spectrum. Finally, the relative cloud base height is obtained by subtracting the detection altitude from the cloud base height. The mass fraction calculation module is used to substitute the meteorological information, cloud droplet spectrum, and precipitation particle spectrum data corresponding to deep convective clouds and adiabatic clouds, as well as the meteorological information data corresponding to the ambient air, into the three conservation equations of mass, total moisture, and total energy to solve them and obtain the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrained air mass fraction, and the entrained air mass fraction; The entrainment and outtraining rate calculation module is used to calculate the entrainment rate and outtraining rate based on the adiabatic air mass fraction, the entrainment air mass fraction and the outtraining air mass fraction in combination with the relative cloud base height.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the method for synchronously calculating the in-and-out rates of deep convective clouds as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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