Energy-saving irrigation method and system for cooperatively regulating surface water and underground water

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation, in particular to an energy-saving irrigation method and system for cooperative regulation and control of surface water and underground water, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining environmental parameters of a to-be-measured area in real time, and obtaining the water demand of the to-be-measured area according to the environmental parameters; obtaining the value range of surface water and underground water according to the water demand of the to-be-detected area and a preset hard filtering condition; latin hypercube sampling is adopted to generate multiple sets of surface water and underground water value combinations in the value range of surface water and underground water, each set of surface water and underground water value combination is input into a multi-target optimization model constructed in advance for iterative calculation, and the final surface water and underground water value combination is obtained. And irrigating the to-be-measured area according to the final surface water and underground water value combination. The technical problems of low irrigation accuracy and uncontrollable ecological risk in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of irrigation technology, and in particular to an energy-saving irrigation method and system for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural irrigation, a major global consumer of water resources, has a direct impact on food security and sustainable ecological development through its water use efficiency. Traditional irrigation systems typically rely solely on a single water source, either surface water or groundwater. Because surface water supply is significantly affected by seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and groundwater extraction lacks a regulatory mechanism, this single-source approach can easily lead to water shortages during droughts or water waste during wet seasons, making it difficult to precisely match supply and demand.

[0003] To improve irrigation reliability, existing technologies have begun to explore methods for the joint scheduling of surface water and groundwater by adopting empirical matching methods or priority allocation methods. However, such methods do not consider the impact of excessive surface water extraction on the ecological base flow of rivers, or the problem that groundwater extraction exceeds the recharge capacity of aquifers. Long-term use will lead to ecological risks such as water source depletion and soil salinization.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an energy-saving irrigation method and system for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an energy-saving irrigation method and system for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater, which solves the technical problems of low irrigation accuracy and uncontrollable ecological risks in the prior art.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater, comprising:

[0010] S100, obtaining environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time, and obtaining water demand of the area to be measured based on the environmental parameters;

[0011] The environmental parameters include: the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured;

[0012] S200, obtaining the value range of surface water and groundwater according to the water demand of the area to be measured and the hard filtering conditions set in advance;

[0013] S300. Use Latin hypercube sampling to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the range of surface water and groundwater values, input each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model for iterative calculation, obtain the final surface water and groundwater value combination, and irrigate the area to be tested according to the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

[0014] Optionally, the S100 includes:

[0015] Input the environmental parameters of the area to be measured into the following formula to obtain the water demand of the area to be measured:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, Q is the water demand of the measured area, A is the area of the measured area, Tr is the current hourly crop transpiration in the measured area, kp is the effective utilization coefficient of precipitation, P is the current hourly precipitation in the measured area, θ1 is the volumetric water content of the soil in the measured area, θ2 is the suitable soil moisture content during the crop growth period, z is the effective depth of the root layer in the measured area, and η is the irrigation efficiency corresponding to the irrigation method.

[0018] Optionally, in S200, the hard filtering condition includes:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, Q s is the value of surface water, Q g is the value of groundwater, Q river is the available water volume of surface water, α is the ecological safety factor, which is 0.7, and H aquifer is the recoverable reserves of the aquifer, and β is the safety factor of mining, which is 0.65.

[0021] Optionally, the S300 includes:

[0022] S310, using Latin hypercube sampling to obtain multiple sets of surface water and groundwater value combinations as an initial population, where each individual in the initial population represents a surface water and groundwater value combination;

[0023] S320: Input each individual into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model to obtain a multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual;

[0024] S330, according to the selection mechanism of NSGA-III, obtain individuals with high fitness and perform crossover operation to obtain a new population;

[0025] S340, repeating steps S320-S340 until the number of iterations is reached, and obtaining a four-dimensional Pareto frontier solution set; the number of iterations is 200 times;

[0026] The four-dimensional Pareto front solution set includes each individual and the multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual.

[0027] Optionally, the S320 includes:

[0028] Input each individual into the following formula to obtain the multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, Q s is the value of surface water, Q g is the value of groundwater, H s is the surface water pumping head, H g is the groundwater pumping head, S is the aquifer storage coefficient, K is the permeability coefficient, a is the damage parameter of the unit flow reduction to the ecosystem, b is the basic ecological risk constant, k is the irrigation benefit coefficient, Q 需 is the water demand of the measured area, C1 is the electricity price, C2 is the unit water maintenance cost of surface water equipment, C3 is the unit water maintenance cost of groundwater equipment, d is the labor cost, f1 is the energy consumption, f2 is the ecological risk, f3 is the irrigation benefit, and f4 is the operating cost.

[0031] Optionally, the S300 further includes:

[0032] S350, constructing a decision matrix for each multi-objective function value in the four-dimensional Pareto front solution set, and determining a positive ideal solution and a negative ideal solution according to the selection mechanism of NSGA-III;

[0033] S360. According to the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution, the relative closeness of each multi-objective function is obtained, and the surface water and groundwater value combination corresponding to the multi-objective function value with the largest relative closeness is selected as the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

[0034] Optionally, the selection mechanism of the NSGA-III is to select individuals with low energy consumption, ecological risk and operation and maintenance costs and high irrigation benefits in the multi-objective function.

[0035] Optionally, in S360, obtaining the relative closeness of each multi-objective function according to the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution includes:

[0036] The positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution are input into the following formula to obtain the relative closeness of each multi-objective function:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, E is the relative closeness, is the value of the i-th value combination on the j-th objective function, NIS j is a negative ideal value, range j is the range of the jth objective function, ω j is the weight of the jth objective function, PIS j is a positive ideal value.

[0039] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0040] S400, obtaining the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the test area 2 hours after irrigation. When the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the test area 2 hours after irrigation is less than a target threshold, re-execute steps S100 to S300 until the target threshold is reached; the target threshold is obtained based on an empirical value.

[0041] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an energy-saving irrigation system for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater, comprising:

[0042] A water demand acquisition module is used to acquire the environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time, and obtain the water demand of the area to be measured based on the environmental parameters;

[0043] The environmental parameters include: the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured;

[0044] A value range acquisition module is used to obtain the value range of surface water and groundwater according to the water demand of the area to be measured and the hard filtering conditions set in advance;

[0045] The value combination acquisition module is used to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the value range of surface water and groundwater using Latin hypercube sampling, input each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model for iterative calculation, obtain the final surface water and groundwater value combination, and irrigate the area to be tested according to the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

[0046] (3) Beneficial effects

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: an energy-saving irrigation method and system for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater of the present invention, by adopting real-time environmental parameters to dynamically calculate water demand, hard-constrained filtration of surface water and groundwater extraction range, and iterative screening of the optimal solution by a multi-objective optimization model (NSGA-III), can achieve precise regulation and multi-objective trade-off optimization of the coordinated utilization of multiple water sources compared to the existing technology, achieving the comprehensive effects of reducing energy consumption, controlling ecological risks and ensuring the sustainable utilization of water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] An energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater proposed in an embodiment of the present invention significantly improves the accuracy of water demand calculation by real-time integration of multidimensional environmental parameters such as current hourly crop transpiration, precipitation, soil volume moisture content, and planned wet layer, combined with dynamic correction of precipitation effective utilization coefficient and irrigation efficiency, avoiding insufficient irrigation or water resource waste caused by estimation bias. At the same time, Latin hypercube sampling technology is used to generate the initial population, combined with the selection and crossover mechanism of NSGA-III, to solve the problem of uneven solution distribution caused by traditional random sampling. Furthermore, the present invention constructs a four-dimensional optimization model with the goals of minimizing energy consumption, ecological risks, operating costs, and maximizing irrigation benefits. It can achieve a multi-dimensional balance between economy, ecology, and energy efficiency, and achieve effective energy saving while ensuring effective irrigation.

[0051] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] See also Figure 1 An energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0054] Step S100: Acquire environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time, and obtain water demand of the area to be measured based on the environmental parameters;

[0055] The environmental parameters include: the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured;

[0056] Step S200: obtaining the value ranges of surface water and groundwater according to the water demand of the area to be measured and the hard filtering conditions set in advance;

[0057] Step S300: Latin hypercube sampling is used to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the range of surface water and groundwater values, and each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations is input into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model for iterative calculation to obtain a final surface water and groundwater value combination, and the test area is irrigated according to the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

[0058] In a specific implementation process, before step S100, the method further includes: determining the water volume scene of the area to be measured, and if the water volume scene of the area to be measured is a water volume dynamic balance scene, executing the above steps S100 to S300;

[0059] Water volume scenarios include: surface water single irrigation scenario, groundwater single irrigation scenario, and water volume dynamic balance scenario;

[0060] When the river flow in the test area is greater than 3 times the ecological base flow or the reservoir storage rate is ≥80% of the designed storage capacity, it is a surface water only irrigation scenario, in which only surface water is used for irrigation;

[0061] When the duration of river dry-up in the tested area is greater than 72 hours or the available water volume in the reservoir is less than 50% of the weekly water demand in the tested area, it is a groundwater-only irrigation scenario, in which case only groundwater is used for irrigation.

[0062] When the river flow in the measured area is between 1 and 3 times the ecological base flow or the reservoir water storage rate is between 50% and 80%, and the available water volume in the reservoir is between 50% and 100% of the weekly water demand in the measured area, it is a dynamic water balance scenario, and surface water and groundwater are used for coordinated regulation.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] In this embodiment, an energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater is implemented. When the water volume scenario in the area to be measured is a dynamic water balance scenario, the following steps are performed:

[0065] Step S100: Acquire environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time, and obtain water demand of the area to be measured based on the environmental parameters;

[0066] Environmental parameters include: the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured;

[0067] Step S200: Obtaining the value ranges of surface water and groundwater based on the water demand of the area to be measured and the hard filtering conditions set in advance;

[0068] Step S300: Use Latin hypercube sampling to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the range of surface water and groundwater values, input each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model for iterative calculation, obtain the final surface water and groundwater value combination, and irrigate the area to be tested according to the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

[0069] The area of the area to be measured is delineated and the area is calculated using satellite remote sensing images or drone aerial survey data combined with a geographic information system platform (such as ArcGIS);

[0070] The current hourly crop transpiration in the measured area is obtained using the FAO Penman-Monteith formula:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, T r is the current hourly transpiration of the area to be measured, K c is the crop coefficient, obtained from the standard coefficient table in the crop variety database, R n is the average net radiation of the current hour, G is the soil heat flux, T is the average temperature of the current hour, u2 is the average wind speed of the current hour, e s and e a are the saturation and the average water vapor pressure measured in the current hour, respectively.

[0073] The hourly rainfall in the measured area is obtained using a tipping bucket rain gauge with an accuracy of ±0.1 mm; the soil volumetric moisture content is obtained using an insertion probe:

[0074] θ1=4.3×10 -6 ∈ 3 -5.5×10 -4 ∈ 2 +2.92×10 -2 ∈-5.5×10 -2

[0075] in, ∈ is the soil dielectric constant, which is obtained based on the electromagnetic wave propagation time of the inserted probe.

[0076] After obtaining the environmental parameters, input the environmental parameters of the area to be measured into the following formula to obtain the water demand of the area to be measured:

[0077] Input the environmental parameters of the area to be tested into the following formula to obtain the water demand of the area to be tested:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, Q is the water demand of the measured area, A is the area of the measured area, Tr is the current hourly crop transpiration in the measured area, kp is the effective utilization coefficient of precipitation, P is the current hourly precipitation in the measured area, θ1 is the volumetric water content of the soil in the measured area, θ2 is the suitable soil moisture content during the crop growth period, z is the effective depth of the root layer in the measured area, and η is the irrigation efficiency corresponding to the irrigation method.

[0080] In the specific implementation process, different irrigation methods have different irrigation efficiencies. For example, the efficiency of drip irrigation is generally 0.9, the efficiency of sprinkler irrigation is generally 0.8, the efficiency of flood irrigation is 0.5, and the efficiency of underground infiltration irrigation is 0.85.

[0081] Furthermore, in step S200, the hard filtering conditions include:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, Q s is the value of surface water, Q g is the value of groundwater, Q river is the available water volume of surface water, α is the ecological safety factor, which is 0.7, and H aquifer is the recoverable reserves of the aquifer, and β is the safety factor of mining, which is 0.65.

[0084] Specifically, step S300 includes:

[0085] Step S310: Latin hypercube sampling is used to obtain multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations as the initial population, where each individual in the initial population represents a surface water and groundwater value combination;

[0086] For example, assuming that surface water Q s ∈[x min , x max ], groundwater Q g ∈[y min ,y max ], assuming that the initial population contains N individuals, each individual represents a combination of x and y.

[0087] Stratified sampling is performed on each variable (x and y), that is, the range of each variable is divided into N sub-intervals of equal width to ensure uniform coverage of its value range; further, a value is randomly selected in each sub-interval, and the order of the N surface water values and the N groundwater values obtained are shuffled to obtain the arranged surface water sequence and groundwater sequence, and each value in the surface water sequence is combined with each value in the groundwater sequence according to the same index to obtain N individuals, that is, the initial population.

[0088] Step S320: Input each individual into the pre-built multi-objective optimization model, i.e., the following formula, to obtain the multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, Q s is the value of surface water, Q g is the value of groundwater, H s is the surface water pumping head, H g is the groundwater pumping head, S is the aquifer storage coefficient, K is the permeability coefficient, a is the damage parameter of the unit flow reduction to the ecosystem, b is the basic ecological risk constant, k is the irrigation benefit coefficient, Q 需 is the water demand of the measured area, C1 is the electricity price, C2 is the unit water maintenance cost of surface water equipment, C3 is the unit water maintenance cost of groundwater equipment, d is the labor cost, f1 is the energy consumption, f2 is the ecological risk, f3 is the irrigation benefit, and f4 is the operating cost.

[0091] Step S330: According to the selection mechanism of NSGA-III, individuals with high fitness are obtained for crossover operation to obtain a new population:

[0092] Among them, the selection mechanism of NSGA-III is to select individuals with low energy consumption, ecological risk, and operation and maintenance costs and high irrigation benefits in the multi-objective function.

[0093] Step S330 specifically includes:

[0094] (1) The individuals in the population are divided into different levels of non-dominated frontiers, where the first level consists of all solutions that are not dominated by any other individual, the second level consists of solutions that are dominated by the first level but not dominated by other levels, and so on.

[0095] (2) Generate a uniformly distributed set of reference points in the four-dimensional target space, associate the individuals of the population to the nearest reference point, and select the next generation parent population based on the non-dominated rank and the reference point association degree;

[0096] (3) For the selected parent individuals and Perform simulated binary crossover to generate offspring:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, β is the cross distribution parameter, which usually obeys a specific probability distribution.

[0099] Furthermore, in the specific implementation process, when dividing individuals in the population into different levels, the judgment logic selected is:

[0100] If individual B is better than individual A in at least one goal and is not worse than A in other goals, then B dominates A and A belongs to the lower level;

[0101] If individuals cannot distribute to each other (e.g. A has higher economic benefits, B has better environmental sustainability), then they belong to the unified non-dominant level.

[0102] Step S340, repeat steps S320-S340 until the number of iterations is reached to obtain the four-dimensional Pareto frontier solution set; the number of iterations is 200;

[0103] The four-dimensional Pareto front solution set includes each individual and the multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual.

[0104] Furthermore, step S300 further includes:

[0105] Step S350: construct a decision matrix for each multi-objective function value in the four-dimensional Pareto front solution set, where the rows represent individuals and the columns represent objective functions, and determine the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution according to the selection mechanism of NSGA-III;

[0106] Among them, the positive ideal value is a vector composed of the optimal value of each objective function, and the negative ideal solution is a vector composed of the worst value of each objective function.

[0107] Step S360: Obtain the relative closeness of each multi-objective function based on the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution, and select the surface water and groundwater value combination corresponding to the multi-objective function value with the largest relative closeness as the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

[0108] In a specific implementation process, in step S360, obtaining the relative closeness of each multi-objective function according to the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution includes:

[0109] Enter the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution into the following formula to obtain the relative closeness of each multi-objective function:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, E is the relative closeness, is the value of the i-th value combination on the j-th objective function, NIS h is a negative ideal value, range j is the range of the jth objective function, ω j is the weight of the jth objective function, PIS j is a positive ideal value.

[0112] Among them, E∈【0,1】, the larger the value, the closer the individual is to the positive ideal solution and the farther away from the negative ideal solution. When E=1, the individual coincides with the positive ideal solution, and when E=0, the individual coincides with the negative ideal solution.

[0113] When the relative closeness is the largest, that is, the closer it is to the positive ideal solution, the surface water and groundwater value combination at this time is used as the final surface water and groundwater value combination for irrigation.

[0114] Through the above method, the optimal solution that takes into account multiple objective trade-offs can be systematically selected from the four-dimensional Pareto frontier solution set, achieving a multi-dimensional balance between economy, ecology and energy efficiency, and achieving effective energy saving while ensuring effective irrigation.

[0115] The method of this embodiment further includes:

[0116] Step S400: Obtain the volumetric soil moisture content of the test area two hours after irrigation. If the volumetric soil moisture content of the test area two hours after irrigation is less than a target threshold, steps S100 through S300 are repeated until the target threshold is reached; the target threshold is determined based on empirical values. Step S400 forms a closed-loop feedback mechanism, enabling the method of this embodiment to continuously approach the optimal irrigation strategy under complex environmental changes, achieving both efficiency, reliability, and eco-friendliness.

[0117] This embodiment provides an energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater. By real-time integration of multi-dimensional environmental parameters such as the current hourly crop transpiration, precipitation, soil volume moisture content, and planned wet layer, combined with dynamic correction of precipitation effective utilization coefficient and irrigation efficiency, the accuracy of water demand calculation is significantly improved. At the same time, through collaborative decision-making based on a four-dimensional multi-objective optimization model that combines energy consumption, cost, ecological risk, and irrigation benefit, a multi-dimensional balance between economy, ecology, and energy efficiency can be achieved, achieving effective energy conservation while ensuring effective irrigation.

[0118] Example 3

[0119] It is known that the area to be tested is a corn-growing area in a certain area of Dezhou, Shandong. The planting area is one mu, or 667 square meters. The irrigation method is sprinkler irrigation. The river flow in the area to be tested is less than 3 times the ecological base flow, and surface water and groundwater need to be used for coordinated irrigation.

[0120] The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater in this embodiment includes:

[0121] (1) Acquiring environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time, wherein the environmental parameters include the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured;

[0122] It is known that the crop planted in this embodiment is corn and is in the tasseling stage. The current hourly precipitation is 0, the soil volumetric water content is 0.15, and the suitable soil water content during the growth period is 0.20. The current hourly crop transpiration rate of the test area has been obtained using the FAO Penman-Monteith formula and is 0.4 mm / h. Therefore, the water requirement of the test area is:

[0123]

[0124] (2) According to the water demand of the area to be tested and the hard filtering conditions set in advance, the range of surface water and groundwater is obtained; the available water volume of surface water is known to be 800m 3 , the exploitable reserves of underground aquifers are 2000mm 3 , substituted into the following formula, we can know that the upper limit of surface water is 560m 3 , the upper limit of groundwater is 1300m 3 :

[0125]

[0126] According to the above description, it can be seen that the water demand of the measured area meets the requirements of surface water and groundwater. Therefore, the range of surface water and groundwater values is Q s ∈[0,42], Q g ∈[0,42], and the sum of surface water and groundwater is 42m 3 .

[0127] (3) Latin hypercube sampling is used to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the range of surface water and groundwater values. Each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations is input into the pre-built multi-objective optimization model to obtain the multi-objective optimization value of each group of individuals;

[0128] The range of surface water and groundwater is Q s ∈[0,42], Q g ∈[0,42], and the sum of surface water and groundwater is 42m 3 , Latin hypercube sampling is performed on surface water to generate N = 100 values uniformly distributed in [0,42], and Qg = 42-Qs for groundwater.

[0129] For example, the initial population includes the following:

[0130] A: Qs = 30m 3 , Qg=12m 3 ;

[0131] B: Qs = 15m 3 , Qg=27m 3 ;

[0132] Then input the above two individuals into the pre-built multi-objective optimization model, that is, the following formula to obtain the multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual:

[0133]

[0134] According to the above formula, the energy consumption of individual A is 8.754 kWh, the ecological risk is 1440, the irrigation benefit is 1, and the operating cost is 172.06 yuan;

[0135] The energy consumption of individual B is 16.87 kWh, the ecological risk is 3240, the irrigation benefit is 1, and the operating cost is 178.61 yuan;

[0136] (4) Construct a decision matrix for each multi-objective function value in the four-dimensional Pareto frontier solution set, where the rows represent individuals and the columns represent objective functions, and determine the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution according to the selection mechanism of NSGA-III;

[0137] Among them, the positive ideal value is a vector composed of the optimal value of each objective function, and the negative ideal solution is a vector composed of the worst value of each objective function.

[0138] Enter the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution into the following formula to obtain the relative closeness of each multi-objective function:

[0139]

[0140] Among them, E is the relative closeness, is the value of the i-th value combination on the j-th objective function, NIS j is a negative ideal value, range j is the range of the jth objective function, ω j is the weight of the jth objective function, PIS j is a positive ideal value.

[0141] If we assume that the positive ideal solution is energy consumption of 7kWh, ecological risk of 1000, irrigation benefit of 1, and operating cost of 200 yuan; the negative ideal solution is energy consumption of 30kWh, ecological risk of 5000, irrigation benefit of 1, and operating cost of 300 yuan;

[0142] Substituting the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution into the above formula, the relative closeness of each individual can be obtained. If it is assumed that the relative closeness of individual A is the largest, then individual A will be used as the final combination of surface water and groundwater values.

[0143] (5) After irrigation, the measured soil moisture content is 0.28, which is higher than the target threshold, so no secondary irrigation is required.

[0144] The energy-saving irrigation method of the present embodiment for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater achieves a multi-dimensional balance among economy, ecology, and energy efficiency, and achieves effective energy conservation while ensuring effective irrigation.

[0145] Example 4

[0146] An energy-saving irrigation system for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater in this embodiment includes:

[0147] The water demand acquisition module is used to obtain the environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time and obtain the water demand of the area to be measured based on the environmental parameters;

[0148] Environmental parameters include: the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured;

[0149] The value range acquisition module is used to obtain the value range of surface water and groundwater based on the water demand of the area to be measured and the hard filtering conditions set in advance;

[0150] The value combination acquisition module is used to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the value range of surface water and groundwater using Latin hypercube sampling, input each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model for iterative calculation, obtain the final surface water and groundwater value combination, and irrigate the area to be tested according to the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

[0151] The energy-saving irrigation system of this embodiment, which coordinates the regulation of surface water and groundwater, not only improves irrigation efficiency and water resource utilization, but also promotes energy conservation and emission reduction in agricultural production, and is of great significance for promoting green agriculture and sustainable development.

[0152] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0153] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0154] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0155] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" refer to the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example and included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0156] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater, characterized in that: The method comprises: S100, obtaining environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time, and obtaining water demand of the area to be measured based on the environmental parameters; The environmental parameters include: the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured; S200, obtaining the value range of surface water and groundwater according to the water demand of the area to be measured and the hard filtering conditions set in advance; S300. Use Latin hypercube sampling to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the range of surface water and groundwater values, input each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model for iterative calculation, obtain the final surface water and groundwater value combination, and irrigate the area to be tested according to the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

2. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S100 includes: Input the environmental parameters of the area to be measured into the following formula to obtain the water demand of the area to be measured: Among them, Q is the water demand of the measured area, A is the area of the measured area, Tr is the current hourly crop transpiration in the measured area, kp is the effective utilization coefficient of precipitation, P is the current hourly precipitation in the measured area, θ1 is the volumetric water content of the soil in the measured area, θ2 is the suitable soil moisture content during the crop growth period, z is the effective depth of the root layer in the measured area, and η is the irrigation efficiency corresponding to the irrigation method.

3. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S200, the hard filtering conditions include: Among them, Q s is the value of surface water, Q g is the value of groundwater, Q river is the available water volume of surface water, α is the ecological safety factor, which is 0.7, and H aquifer is the recoverable reserves of the aquifer, and β is the safety factor of mining, which is 0.

65.

4. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S300 includes: S310, using Latin hypercube sampling to obtain multiple sets of surface water and groundwater value combinations as an initial population, where each individual in the initial population represents a surface water and groundwater value combination; S320: Input each individual into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model to obtain a multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual; S330, according to the selection mechanism of NSGA-III, obtain individuals with high fitness and perform crossover operation to obtain a new population; S340, repeating steps S320-S340 until the number of iterations is reached, and obtaining a four-dimensional Pareto frontier solution set; the number of iterations is 200 times; The four-dimensional Pareto front solution set includes each individual and the multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual.

5. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S320 includes: Input each individual into the following formula to obtain the multi-objective function value corresponding to each individual: Among them, Q s is the value of surface water, Q g is the value of groundwater, H s is the surface water pumping head, H g is the groundwater pumping head, S is the aquifer storage coefficient, K is the permeability coefficient, a is the damage parameter of the unit flow reduction to the ecosystem, b is the basic ecological risk constant, k is the irrigation benefit coefficient, Q 需 is the water demand of the measured area, C1 is the electricity price, C2 is the unit water maintenance cost of surface water equipment, C3 is the unit water maintenance cost of groundwater equipment, d is the labor cost, f1 is the energy consumption, f2 is the ecological risk, f3 is the irrigation benefit, and f4 is the operating cost.

6. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 4, characterized in that: The S300 further includes: S350, constructing a decision matrix for each multi-objective function value in the four-dimensional Pareto front solution set, and determining a positive ideal solution and a negative ideal solution according to the selection mechanism of NSGA-III; S360. According to the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution, the relative closeness of each multi-objective function is obtained, and the surface water and groundwater value combination corresponding to the multi-objective function value with the largest relative closeness is selected as the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

7. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 6, characterized in that: The selection mechanism of NSGA-III is to select individuals with low energy consumption, ecological risk and operation and maintenance costs and high irrigation benefits in the multi-objective function.

8. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S360, obtaining the relative closeness of each multi-objective function according to the positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution includes: The positive ideal solution and the negative ideal solution are input into the following formula to obtain the relative closeness of each multi-objective function: Among them, E is the relative closeness, is the value of the i-th value combination on the j-th objective function, NIS j is a negative ideal value, range j is the range of the jth objective function, ω j is the weight of the jth objective function, PIS j is a positive ideal value.

9. The energy-saving irrigation method for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: S400, obtaining the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the test area 2 hours after irrigation. When the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the test area 2 hours after irrigation is less than a target threshold, re-execute steps S100 to S300 until the target threshold is reached; the target threshold is obtained based on an empirical value.

10. An energy-saving irrigation system for coordinated regulation of surface water and groundwater, characterized in that: include: A water demand acquisition module is used to acquire the environmental parameters of the area to be measured in real time, and obtain the water demand of the area to be measured based on the environmental parameters; The environmental parameters include: the area of the area to be measured, the crop transpiration of the area to be measured at the current hour, the precipitation of the area to be measured at the current hour, the volumetric moisture content of the soil in the area to be measured, and the irrigation method of the area to be measured; A value range acquisition module is used to obtain the value range of surface water and groundwater according to the water demand of the area to be measured and the hard filtering conditions set in advance; The value combination acquisition module is used to generate multiple groups of surface water and groundwater value combinations within the value range of surface water and groundwater using Latin hypercube sampling, input each group of surface water and groundwater value combinations into a pre-built multi-objective optimization model for iterative calculation, obtain the final surface water and groundwater value combination, and irrigate the area to be tested according to the final surface water and groundwater value combination.

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