Distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar hydrogen production and fuel cell combined distributed energy supply system. According to the invention, solar power generation is beneficial for the hydrogen production device to store hydrogen energy. The process is clean and pollution-free, and the problems of solar energy intermittency and instability are effectively solved. The photovoltaic array converts solar energy into electric energy in the daytime, hydrogen is generated through the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, the hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage module, and the hydrogen is converted into the electric energy through the fuel cell power generation module when needed. By means of the energy conversion and storage mode, the self-sufficiency rate of energy is greatly increased, dependence on traditional fossil energy is reduced, carbon emission and environmental pollution are reduced, localized production and supply of energy can be achieved no matter in remote areas or industrial areas with large power requirements, and the energy utilization rate is increased. And the safety and the reliability of energy supply are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy supply, and specifically relates to a distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production with fuel cells. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and increasing awareness of environmental protection, the development of clean, efficient, and sustainable energy supply systems has become a pressing need in today's world. Traditional centralized energy supply models rely primarily on fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. The extraction, transportation, and combustion of these energy sources release large amounts of greenhouse gases and pollutants, severely impacting the environment and exacerbating global climate change. Furthermore, centralized energy supply systems require the construction of large-scale power plants and complex transmission and distribution networks, requiring significant initial investment and incurring significant losses during energy transmission. In recent years, renewable energy technologies such as solar and wind power have experienced rapid development, providing new approaches to addressing energy challenges and reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] However, traditional centralized energy supply models often rely on fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. The extraction, transportation, and combustion of these energy sources produce large amounts of greenhouse gases and pollutants, severely impacting the environment. Furthermore, centralized energy supply systems require the construction of large-scale power plants and complex transmission and distribution networks, which not only incur significant investment but also incur significant losses during energy transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production with fuel cells in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells, the system comprising: a solar photovoltaic array module, an AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell power generation module, a power distribution module, and a control and management module; The AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module is internally provided with an electrolytic cell stack module, a power system module, a water management system module, a gas management system module and a control system module; The electrical output end of the solar photovoltaic array module is connected to the DC input end of the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module and the DC input end of the fuel cell power generation module.

[0006] The electrical output terminal of the solar photovoltaic array module is also connected to the input terminal of the power distribution module so as to input the excess electricity into the power grid.

[0007] The hydrogen output end of the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module is connected to the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen storage module to store the generated hydrogen.

[0008] The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage module is connected to the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell power generation module to provide fuel for the fuel cell power generation.

[0009] The electrical output end of the fuel cell power generation module is connected to the input end of the power distribution module to input the generated electricity into the power grid.

[0010] The control and management module is respectively connected to the solar photovoltaic array module, the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, the hydrogen storage module, the fuel cell power generation module and the power distribution module to realize the monitoring of each module.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the solar photovoltaic array module is composed of silicon-based solar cells, each of which can directly convert sunlight energy into electrical energy. These cells are encapsulated in a tough casing to protect them from environmental factors and are equipped with an anti-reflective coating to improve the efficiency of light energy absorption. The photovoltaic components are mounted on a carefully designed support structure that can be adjusted at an angle to maximize the capture of sunlight and ensure the stability and durability of the components. In addition, the module also includes a DC junction box and an inverter, the former is used to combine the outputs of multiple components, and the latter converts DC power into AC power for compatibility with other parts of the system. The entire photovoltaic array module is designed to optimize the capture and conversion efficiency of solar energy while ensuring long-term stable operation, providing a clean source of electricity for subsequent hydrogen production and storage.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the electrolytic cell stack module is composed of a number of electrolytic cell units connected in series or in parallel, and each electrolytic cell unit includes an anode, a cathode and an anion exchange membrane sandwiched between the two. The anode usually uses precious metal materials such as iridium ruthenium oxide to catalyze the electrolysis of water to produce oxygen, while the cathode uses materials such as platinum or platinum-based alloys to catalyze the production of hydrogen. The electrolytic cell units are connected by bipolar plates, which are responsible for distributing water flow, collecting gas and connecting circuits. Bipolar plates are usually made of materials with good conductivity and corrosion resistance to ensure stable operation and long life of the electrolytic cell stack. The overall design of the electrolytic cell stack module needs to take into account sealing, gas separation efficiency and thermal management to ensure the efficiency and safety of the electrolysis process. The anion exchange membrane formula of the electrolytic cell unit includes: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): 60 parts by weight Polyquaternium salt: 30 parts by weight Glycerol: 8 parts by weight Graphene oxide (GO): 2 parts by weight.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the power system module includes a rectifier, a transformer, a filter, and a protection circuit. The rectifier converts AC power into DC power, the transformer adjusts the voltage as needed, and the filter is used to smooth the output voltage, reducing the impact of voltage fluctuations on the electrolytic cell stack. The protection circuit is responsible for monitoring the operating status of the power system to prevent damage to the electrolytic cell stack caused by faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and short circuit. The design of the power system module must ensure the stability of its output voltage and current to meet the needs of the electrolytic cell stack under different operating conditions. At the same time, it must also be efficient and reliable to reduce energy consumption and extend service life.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the water management system module includes a water pump, a water purification device, a water tank, a flow meter, a pressure sensor and a control valve. The water pump transports water from the water tank to the electrolytic cell stack, and the water purification device is used to remove impurities and ions in the water to prevent them from affecting the performance of the electrolytic cell. The flow meter and pressure sensor monitor the water flow rate and pressure in real time, and transmit the data to the control system so that it can be adjusted according to the needs of the electrolytic cell stack. The control valve adjusts the water flow according to the instructions of the control system to ensure that the electrolytic cell stack operates under optimal water flow conditions. The design of the water management system module needs to ensure the purity and stable supply of water, and also needs to have good controllability and adjustment capabilities to adapt to different operating conditions; The gas management system module includes a gas-liquid separator, a gas purification device, a gas storage tank, a pressure sensor, a safety valve and a pipeline. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture produced by electrolysis into gas and liquid, and the gas purification device is used to remove impurities and moisture in the gas to improve the purity of the gas. The gas storage tank is used to store purified hydrogen and oxygen, and the pressure sensor and safety valve are used to monitor the gas pressure to prevent danger caused by overpressure. The pipeline is used to connect the various modules to ensure the smooth flow of gas. The design of the gas management system module needs to take into account the purity, pressure, flow and safety of the gas to ensure the safe collection, storage and utilization of hydrogen and oxygen.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the control system module includes a main controller, sensors, a safety system and a human-machine interface. The main controller is the core of the control system. It receives data from various sensors and subsystems, and coordinates and controls the electrolytic cell stack, power system, water management system and gas management system according to preset programs and control strategies. Sensors are used to monitor key parameters such as temperature, pressure, current, voltage, water flow rate, gas pressure, etc. of the electrolytic cell stack in real time, and feed the data back to the main controller. The safety system is responsible for monitoring the operating status of the system, and once an abnormality is detected, it immediately takes measures to protect the system and personnel safety. The human-machine interface is used to display the system operating status and parameters, and allow operators to operate and set them. The design of the control system module needs to have a high degree of reliability and stability to ensure the safe, efficient and stable operation of the entire AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage module includes: high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, which are usually made of composite materials or high-strength steel and can withstand high pressure and prevent hydrogen leakage. The hydrogen storage tanks are equipped with advanced pressure and temperature sensors for real-time monitoring of the hydrogen storage status to ensure safe operation. In addition, the module also includes a hydrogen compression device for compressing the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis to the pressure level of the hydrogen storage tank. Safety valves and pressure relief devices are important safety features of the storage module. They can automatically release hydrogen when the pressure is too high to prevent system damage. The pipeline and valve system is used to connect the various components and control the flow of hydrogen. The design of the hydrogen storage module focuses on safety, reliability and efficiency to ensure that hydrogen can be safely stored and efficiently released when needed.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell power generation module includes: a fuel cell stack, which is composed of a plurality of fuel cell units, each unit including an anode, a cathode and a proton exchange membrane. Hydrogen is decomposed into protons and electrons at the anode, the protons pass through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode, and the electrons pass through an external circuit to generate current. At the cathode, protons, electrons and oxygen combine to form water. The fuel cell stack is equipped with an air supply system for providing sufficient oxygen and discharging the water and heat generated by the reaction. The module also includes a power converter for adjusting the voltage and current output by the fuel cell to meet the requirements of different loads. The thermal management system is used to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack to ensure that it operates within the optimal temperature range. The fuel cell power generation module is designed to achieve efficient and clean power generation while ensuring the stability and durability of the system.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the power distribution module includes a distribution cabinet equipped with electrical components such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, and relays for controlling and protecting circuits. A transformer is used to adjust the voltage to meet the voltage requirements of different devices. The module is also equipped with power quality monitoring equipment to monitor the voltage, frequency, harmonics, and other parameters of the power grid to ensure that power quality meets standards. Furthermore, the module includes lightning protection and grounding devices to protect the system from lightning strikes and electrical faults. The design of the power distribution module needs to consider the overall power demand, safety, and reliability of the system to ensure that power can be distributed stably and safely to each subsystem.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the control and management module utilizes a programmable logic controller (PLC) or industrial computer to execute pre-set control programs and logic. The main controller connects to the sensors and actuators of each subsystem via a communication network, collecting data in real time and issuing control commands. The sensor network monitors key information such as the output of the photovoltaic array, the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen storage, the operating status of the fuel cell, and the power parameters of the power distribution system. The actuators adjust the photovoltaic array angle, the operation of the hydrogen compressor, and the power output of the fuel cell according to the main controller's instructions. A human-machine interface (HMI) allows operators to monitor system operating status, set parameters, and perform operational control. The module also includes data logging and analysis capabilities for recording system operating data for analysis and optimization. The control and management module is designed to achieve automated and intelligent system operation, improving overall system efficiency and reliability.

[0020] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, solar power generation is used to facilitate the storage of hydrogen energy in the hydrogen production device. This process is not only clean and pollution-free, but also effectively solves the problem of intermittent and unstable solar energy. The photovoltaic array converts solar energy into electrical energy during the day, and produces hydrogen through the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, which is stored in the hydrogen storage module. When needed, the hydrogen is converted into electrical energy through the fuel cell power generation module. This energy conversion and storage method greatly improves the energy self-sufficiency rate, reduces dependence on traditional fossil energy, and thus reduces carbon emissions and environmental pollution. In addition, the system can be flexibly deployed in various locations where energy is needed. Whether it is a remote area or an industrial area with high electricity demand, it can achieve localized production and supply of energy, thereby improving the safety and reliability of energy supply.

[0021] 2. In the present invention, the electrolytic cell stack module improves electrolysis efficiency and reduces energy consumption by optimizing the design and material selection of the electrolytic cell unit. The power system module ensures a stable supply of electricity, and the water management system module ensures the rational use and circulation of water resources. The gas management system module safely stores and transports hydrogen, while the control system module monitors and adjusts the operating status of each subsystem in real time to ensure the optimized operation of the entire hydrogen production process. This distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production with fuel cells not only achieves the efficient use of clean energy, but also provides a new solution for the sustainable development of energy and the optimization of energy structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a block diagram of the overall system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] Reference Figure 1-2 , A distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells, comprising: a solar photovoltaic array module, an AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell power generation module, a power distribution module, and a control and management module; The AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module is internally equipped with an electrolytic cell stack module, a power system module, a water management system module, a gas management system module and a control system module; The electrical output end of the solar photovoltaic array module is connected to the DC input end of the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module and the DC input end of the fuel cell power generation module.

[0025] The electrical output of the solar photovoltaic array module is also connected to the input of the power distribution module so that excess electricity can be fed into the grid.

[0026] The hydrogen output end of the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module is connected to the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen storage module to store the generated hydrogen.

[0027] The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage module is connected to the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell power generation module to provide fuel for the fuel cell power generation.

[0028] The electrical output of the fuel cell power generation module is connected to the input of the power distribution module, and the generated electricity is input into the power grid.

[0029] The control and management module communicates with the solar photovoltaic array module, AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, hydrogen storage module, fuel cell power generation module and distribution module respectively to realize monitoring of each module.

[0030] Solar photovoltaic array modules are made up of silicon-based solar cells, each of which can convert sunlight energy directly into electrical energy. These cells are encapsulated in a tough casing to protect them from environmental factors and are equipped with an anti-reflective coating to improve the efficiency of light energy absorption. The photovoltaic panels are mounted on a carefully designed support structure that can be adjusted at an angle to maximize the capture of sunlight and ensure the stability and durability of the panels. In addition, the module also includes a DC junction box and an inverter. The former is used to combine the outputs of multiple panels, and the latter converts DC power into AC power for compatibility with other parts of the system. The entire photovoltaic array module is designed to optimize the capture and conversion efficiency of solar energy while ensuring long-term stable operation, providing a clean source of electricity for subsequent hydrogen production and storage.

[0031] The electrolytic cell stack module consists of several electrolytic cell units connected in series or in parallel, and each electrolytic cell unit contains an anode, a cathode and an anion exchange membrane sandwiched between the two. The anode usually uses precious metal materials such as iridium ruthenium oxide to catalyze the electrolysis of water to produce oxygen, while the cathode uses materials such as platinum or platinum-based alloys to catalyze the production of hydrogen. The electrolytic cell units are connected by bipolar plates, which are responsible for distributing water flow, collecting gas and connecting circuits. Bipolar plates are usually made of materials with good conductivity and corrosion resistance to ensure stable operation and long life of the electrolytic cell stack. The overall design of the electrolytic cell stack module needs to take into account sealing, gas separation efficiency and thermal management to ensure the efficiency and safety of the electrolysis process. The anion exchange membrane formula of the electrolytic cell unit includes: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): 60 parts by weight Polyquaternium salt: 30 parts by weight Glycerol: 8 parts by weight Graphene oxide (GO): 2 parts by weight.

[0032] The power system module includes a rectifier, transformer, filter, and protection circuit. The rectifier converts AC power to DC power, the transformer adjusts the voltage as needed, and the filter smoothes the output voltage, reducing the impact of voltage fluctuations on the electrolytic cell stack. The protection circuit is responsible for monitoring the operating status of the power system to prevent damage to the electrolytic cell stack caused by faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and short circuits. The design of the power system module must ensure the stability of its output voltage and current to meet the requirements of the electrolytic cell stack under different operating conditions. It also needs to be efficient and reliable to reduce energy consumption and extend its service life.

[0033] The water management system module includes a water pump, a water purification device, a water tank, a flow meter, a pressure sensor, and a control valve. The water pump transports water from the water tank to the electrolytic cell stack, and the water purification device is used to remove impurities and ions in the water to prevent them from affecting the performance of the electrolytic cell. The flow meter and pressure sensor monitor the water flow rate and pressure in real time and transmit the data to the control system so that it can be adjusted according to the needs of the electrolytic cell stack. The control valve adjusts the water flow according to the instructions of the control system to ensure that the electrolytic cell stack operates under optimal water flow conditions. The design of the water management system module needs to ensure the purity and stable supply of water, and at the same time it needs to have good controllability and adjustment capabilities to adapt to different operating conditions; The gas management system module includes a gas-liquid separator, a gas purification device, a gas storage tank, a pressure sensor, a safety valve, and a pipeline. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture produced by electrolysis into gas and liquid, and the gas purification device is used to remove impurities and moisture from the gas to improve the purity of the gas. The gas storage tank is used to store purified hydrogen and oxygen, and the pressure sensor and safety valve are used to monitor the gas pressure to prevent dangers caused by overpressure. The pipeline is used to connect the various modules to ensure the smooth flow of gas. The design of the gas management system module needs to take into account the purity, pressure, flow, and safety of the gas to ensure the safe collection, storage, and utilization of hydrogen and oxygen. The control system module includes a main controller, sensors, a safety system, and a human-machine interface. The main controller is the core of the control system. It receives data from various sensors and subsystems and coordinates the control of the electrolytic cell stack, power system, water management system, and gas management system according to preset programs and control strategies. Sensors are used to monitor key parameters of the electrolytic cell stack in real time, such as temperature, pressure, current, voltage, water flow rate, and gas pressure, and feed this data back to the main controller. The safety system is responsible for monitoring the operating status of the system and, if an abnormality is detected, takes immediate action to protect the system and personnel. The human-machine interface is used to display the system's operating status and parameters and allows operators to perform operations and settings. The design of the control system module needs to be highly reliable and stable to ensure the safe, efficient, and stable operation of the entire AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module.

[0034] The hydrogen storage module includes: high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, which are usually made of composite materials or high-strength steel and can withstand high pressure and prevent hydrogen leakage. The hydrogen storage tanks are equipped with advanced pressure and temperature sensors for real-time monitoring of the hydrogen storage status to ensure safe operation. In addition, the module also includes a hydrogen compression device to compress the hydrogen produced by water electrolysis to the pressure level of the hydrogen storage tank. Safety valves and pressure relief devices are important safety features of the storage module. They can automatically release hydrogen when the pressure is too high to prevent system damage. The pipeline and valve system is used to connect the various components and control the flow of hydrogen. The design of the hydrogen storage module focuses on safety, reliability and efficiency to ensure that hydrogen can be safely stored and efficiently released when needed.

[0035] The fuel cell power generation module includes: a fuel cell stack, which is composed of multiple fuel cell units, each of which contains an anode, a cathode and a proton exchange membrane. Hydrogen is decomposed into protons and electrons at the anode. The protons reach the cathode through the proton exchange membrane, while the electrons generate current through an external circuit. At the cathode, protons, electrons and oxygen combine to produce water. The fuel cell stack is equipped with an air supply system to provide sufficient oxygen and discharge the water and heat generated by the reaction. The module also includes a power converter to adjust the voltage and current output of the fuel cell to meet the needs of different loads. The thermal management system is used to control the temperature of the fuel cell stack to ensure that it operates within the optimal temperature range. The fuel cell power generation module is designed to achieve efficient and clean power generation while ensuring the stability and durability of the system.

[0036] The power distribution module includes a distribution cabinet, which houses electrical components such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, and relays for controlling and protecting circuits. Transformers adjust voltage to meet the requirements of different devices. The module is also equipped with power quality monitoring equipment to monitor grid voltage, frequency, harmonics, and other parameters to ensure that power quality meets standards. Furthermore, the module includes lightning protection and grounding devices to protect the system from lightning strikes and electrical faults. The design of the power distribution module must consider the system's overall power requirements, safety, and reliability to ensure stable and secure power distribution to each subsystem.

[0037] The control and management module uses a programmable logic controller (PLC) or industrial computer to execute preset control programs and logic. The main controller connects to the sensors and actuators of each subsystem via a communication network, collecting data in real time and issuing control commands. The sensor network monitors key information such as the output of the photovoltaic array, the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen storage, the operating status of the fuel cell, and the power parameters of the power distribution system. The actuators adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array, the operation of the hydrogen compressor, and the power output of the fuel cell based on the main controller's instructions. The human-machine interface (HMI) allows operators to monitor system operating status, set parameters, and perform operational control. The module also includes data logging and analysis functions for recording system operating data for analysis and optimization. The control and management module is designed to achieve automated and intelligent system operation, improving overall system efficiency and reliability.

[0038] From the above we can know: In the present invention, solar power generation is used to facilitate the storage of hydrogen energy in the hydrogen production device. This process is not only clean and pollution-free, but also effectively solves the problem of intermittent and unstable solar energy. The photovoltaic array converts solar energy into electrical energy during the day, and produces hydrogen through the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, which is stored in the hydrogen storage module. When needed, the hydrogen is converted into electrical energy through the fuel cell power generation module. This energy conversion and storage method greatly improves the energy self-sufficiency rate, reduces dependence on traditional fossil energy, and thus reduces carbon emissions and environmental pollution. In addition, the system can be flexibly deployed in various locations where energy is needed, whether it is remote areas or industrial areas with large electricity demand, it can achieve localized production and supply of energy, and improve the safety and reliability of energy supply.

[0039] In the present invention, the electrolytic cell stack module improves electrolysis efficiency and reduces energy consumption by optimizing the design and material selection of the electrolytic cell units. The power system module ensures a stable supply of electricity, while the water management system module ensures the rational utilization and circulation of water resources. The gas management system module safely stores and transports hydrogen, while the control system module monitors and adjusts the operating status of each subsystem in real time to ensure the optimized operation of the entire hydrogen production process. This distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production with fuel cells not only achieves the efficient utilization of clean energy, but also provides a new solution for the sustainable development of energy and the optimization of energy structure.

[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprises" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells, characterized by: The system includes: a solar photovoltaic array module, an AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, a hydrogen storage module, a fuel cell power generation module, a power distribution module and a control and management module; The AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module is internally provided with an electrolytic cell stack module, a power system module, a water management system module, a gas management system module and a control system module; The electrical output end of the solar photovoltaic array module is connected to the DC input end of the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module and the DC input end of the fuel cell power generation module; The electrical output of the solar photovoltaic array module is also connected to the input of the power distribution module so as to input the excess electricity into the power grid; The hydrogen output end of the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module is connected to the hydrogen input end of the hydrogen storage module to store the generated hydrogen; The hydrogen output end of the hydrogen storage module is connected to the hydrogen input end of the fuel cell power generation module to provide fuel for the fuel cell power generation; The electrical output end of the fuel cell power generation module is connected to the input end of the power distribution module to input the generated electricity into the power grid; The control and management module is respectively connected to the solar photovoltaic array module, the AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production module, the hydrogen storage module, the fuel cell power generation module and the power distribution module to realize the monitoring of each module.

2. A distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The solar photovoltaic array module is composed of silicon-based solar cells, and the photovoltaic components are installed on a carefully designed support structure; the module also includes a DC combiner box and an inverter. The former is used to combine the output of multiple components, and the latter converts DC power into AC power for compatibility with other parts of the system.

3. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic cell stack module is composed of a plurality of electrolytic cell units connected in series or in parallel, and each electrolytic cell unit comprises an anode, a cathode and an anion exchange membrane sandwiched between the two; The anion exchange membrane formula of the electrolytic cell unit includes: Polyvinyl alcohol: 60 parts by weight Polyquaternium salt: 30 parts by weight Glycerol: 8 parts by weight Graphene oxide: 2 parts by weight.

4. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply system module includes a rectifier, a transformer, a filter and a protection circuit; the rectifier converts AC power into DC power, the transformer adjusts the voltage as needed, and the filter is used to smooth the output voltage to reduce the impact of voltage fluctuations on the electrolytic cell stack; the protection circuit is responsible for monitoring the operating status of the power supply system to prevent faults such as overvoltage, overcurrent, and short circuit from damaging the electrolytic cell stack.

5. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water management system module includes a water pump, a water purification device, a water tank, a flow meter, a pressure sensor, and a control valve. The water pump transports water from the water tank to the electrolytic cell stack, and the water purification device is used to remove impurities and ions in the water to prevent them from affecting the performance of the electrolytic cell. The flow meter and pressure sensor monitor the water flow rate and pressure in real time and transmit the data to the control system so that it can be adjusted according to the needs of the electrolytic cell stack. The control valve adjusts the water flow according to the instructions of the control system to ensure that the electrolytic cell stack operates under optimal water flow conditions. The gas management system module includes a gas-liquid separator, a gas purification device, a gas storage tank, a pressure sensor, a safety valve and a pipeline; the gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture produced by electrolysis into gas and liquid, and the gas purification device is used to remove impurities and moisture in the gas to improve the gas purity; the gas storage tank is used to store purified hydrogen and oxygen, and the pressure sensor and safety valve are used to monitor the gas pressure to prevent danger caused by overpressure; the pipeline is used to connect the various modules to ensure the smooth flow of gas.

6. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system module includes a main controller, sensors, a safety system, and a human-machine interface. The main controller is the core of the control system. It receives data from various sensors and subsystems, and coordinates and controls the electrolytic cell stack, power system, water management system, and gas management system according to preset programs and control strategies. The sensors are used to monitor key parameters of the electrolytic cell stack in real time, such as temperature, pressure, current, voltage, water flow rate, and gas pressure, and feed the data back to the main controller.

7. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage module includes: a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank and a hydrogen compression device, which is used to compress the hydrogen generated by water electrolysis to the pressure level of the hydrogen storage tank; the safety valve and pressure relief device are important safety features of the storage module; the pipeline and valve system are used to connect the various components and control the flow direction of hydrogen.

8. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell power generation module includes: a fuel cell stack, which is composed of multiple fuel cell units, each unit including an anode, a cathode and a proton exchange membrane; hydrogen is decomposed into protons and electrons at the anode, the protons reach the cathode through the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons generate current through an external circuit; at the cathode, protons, electrons and oxygen combine to generate water.

9. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distribution module includes a power distribution cabinet, which is equipped with electrical components such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, relays, etc. for controlling and protecting circuits; the transformer is used to adjust the voltage to meet the voltage requirements of different equipment; the module is also equipped with power quality monitoring equipment for monitoring the voltage, frequency, harmonics and other parameters of the power grid to ensure that the power quality meets the standards.

10. The distributed energy supply system combining solar hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control and management module uses a programmable logic controller or an industrial computer to execute preset control programs and logic. The main controller is connected to the sensors and actuators of each subsystem via a communication network to collect data in real time and issue control instructions. The sensor network is used to monitor key information such as the output of the photovoltaic array, the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen storage, the operating status of the fuel cell, and the power parameters of the power distribution system. The actuators adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array, the operation of the hydrogen compressor, the power output of the fuel cell, etc. according to the instructions of the main controller. The human-machine interface allows operators to monitor the operating status of the system, set parameters, and operate and control the distributed energy supply system. The control and management module is characterized by: the control and management module uses a programmable logic controller or an industrial computer to execute preset control programs and logic. The main controller is connected to the sensors and actuators of each subsystem via a communication network to collect data in real time and issue control instructions. The sensor network is used to monitor key information such as the output of the photovoltaic array, the pressure and temperature of the hydrogen storage, the operating status of the fuel cell, and the power parameters of the power distribution system. The actuators adjust the angle of the photovoltaic array, the operation of the hydrogen compressor, the power output of the fuel cell, etc. according to the instructions of the main controller. The human-machine interface allows operators to monitor the operating status of the system, set parameters, and operate and control.

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