Wide-temperature-range electrolyte for lithium metal battery as well as preparation method and application of wide-temperature-range electrolyte

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery electrolytes, and relates to a wide temperature range electrolyte for a lithium metal battery, a preparation method and application thereof, the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, N, N dimethyl-trifluoromethyl sulfonamide, an ether cosolvent, a hydrofluoroether diluent and a film-forming additive; the ether cosolvent comprises ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; the hydrofluoroether diluent comprises the following components: 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl-2, 2, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl-2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl ether, and 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl ether, and the hydrofluoroether diluent comprises the following components: 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl-2, 2, 3, 3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1, 1, 2, 2-tetrafluoroethyl-2, 2, 2-trifluoroethyl ether; the film-forming additive comprises lithium nitrate, vinylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate; the working temperature range of the electrolyte is-40-60 DEG C, negative ions can be promoted to enter a lithium ion solvation sheath, construction of inorganic component-rich SEI in a wide temperature range is realized, and the wide temperature range cycle stability of the battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of lithium battery electrolytes and relates to a wide-temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries, a preparation method and applications thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, with their high energy density and long cycle life, are widely used in electric vehicles, drones, portable electronic devices, and energy storage systems. With the rapid development of lithium-ion battery technology, its application scenarios are constantly expanding.

[0003] However, traditional lithium-ion batteries face severe performance degradation and even safety risks under extreme operating conditions. For example, at low temperatures, the electrolyte's viscosity increases, ionic conductivity decreases, and lithium-ion mass transfer kinetics slows, making it difficult for the battery to charge and discharge normally. At high temperatures, the stability of the electrolyte and its derived interfacial film is compromised, leading to decomposition and consumption of active lithium and electrolyte, significantly reducing the battery's cycle life.

[0004] Ether solvents such as ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME) and ethylene glycol diethyl ether are highly favored in the field of lithium metal batteries due to their advantages such as better compatibility with lithium metal negative electrodes and interfaces, low price, and low toxicity. However, the strong interaction between traditional ether molecules and lithium ions and the fact that this interaction is further enhanced as the temperature decreases make the lithium ion solvation structure dominated by solvent molecules at low temperatures, making it difficult for lithium ions to desolvate. The resulting solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film is rich in organic components, which is not conducive to lithium ion conduction and inhibits lithium dendrite growth, seriously affecting the cycle stability and safety of lithium metal batteries under low temperature conditions. Under high temperature conditions, the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film rich in organic components is less stable. The interface film is repeatedly broken and regenerated during the cycle, consuming a large amount of active lithium and electrolyte, resulting in a decrease in the cycle stability and cycle life of lithium metal batteries under high temperature conditions.

[0005] Therefore, a method is needed to weaken the interaction between ether co-solvents and lithium ions and improve the stable circulation of lithium metal batteries in a wide temperature range to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention addresses the problems of conventional electrolytes of existing lithium metal batteries, such as narrow liquid phase range, difficulty in low-temperature charging and discharging, and difficulty in taking into account stable cycling over a wide temperature range, and proposes a wide-temperature-range electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. The electrolyte comprises N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide with a strongly electronegative end group and an ether solvent with good compatibility with the lithium metal interface and a high dielectric constant. Through the dipole-dipole interaction between the solvent and the solvent, the lithium ion solvation structure is regulated to generate an SEI film rich in inorganic components, thereby improving the wide-temperature-range cycling stability of the lithium metal battery. Compared with the problems of existing lithium metal batteries that cannot be charged and discharged at low temperatures (≤-20°C) and at high temperatures (≥45°C), the electrolyte prepared by the present invention can ensure that the lithium metal battery can be stably cycled over a wide temperature range of -40°C-60°C.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries, including: lithium salt, N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive, the structure of N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide includes:

[0008]

[0009] The ether co-solvents include: one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; the hydrofluoroether diluents include: one or more of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether; the film-forming additives include: one or more of lithium nitrate, vinylene carbonate, and fluoroethylene carbonate.

[0010] Preferably, the lithium salt includes one or more of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalatoborate, lithium bis(oxalatoborate), and lithium tetrafluoroborate.

[0011] Preferably, the concentration of lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5 to 3 mol / L.

[0012] Preferably, in the wide temperature range electrolyte, the volume proportion of N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide is 1% to 98%; the volume proportion of ether co-solvent is 1% to 98%; the volume proportion of hydrofluoroether diluent is 1% to 98%; and the volume proportion of film-forming additive is 1% to 3%.

[0013] More preferably, the volume ratio of the N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent, and film-forming additive includes: (6-3): (4-2): (3-1): (0.01-0.03).

[0014] More preferably, the volume ratio of the N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive is: 6:3:1:0.02 or 5:4:1:0.02 or 5:3:2:0.02 or 5:2:3:0.02 or 4:3:3:0.02 or 4:4:2:0.02 or 3:4:3:0.02.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a wide-temperature-range electrolyte for a lithium metal battery, which is used to prepare the above-mentioned wide-temperature-range electrolyte for a lithium metal battery; the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, an ether co-solvent, a hydrofluoroether diluent, and a film-forming additive are mixed in a volume ratio to obtain a mixed solvent;

[0017] Step 2: Add lithium salt to the mixed solvent obtained in step 2, and stir to dissolve the lithium salt to obtain a wide temperature range electrolyte.

[0018] Preferably, the preparation method of N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide used in step 1 comprises: dissolving diethylamine in dichloromethane and stirring thoroughly at low temperature to pre-cool, adding trifluoromethylsulfonyl chloride dropwise, and stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere; then removing the low-temperature cold trap and allowing the mixture to stand at room temperature; after further stirring thoroughly, adding distilled water for extraction and separation; collecting the organic phase and drying it with anhydrous sodium sulfate; after rotary evaporation to remove dichloromethane, obtaining a light yellow liquid, and then purifying the crude product by vacuum distillation to obtain N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a wide-temperature range lithium battery, which adopts the above-mentioned wide-temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries. The lithium battery includes: a lithium metal battery, a lithium ion battery; the positive electrode materials of the lithium battery include: a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide positive electrode, a lithium iron phosphate positive electrode, a lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode, a lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode, and a sulfur positive electrode.

[0020] Preferably, the operating temperature range of the lithium battery is -40 to 60°C.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. The N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide used in the present invention has a low HUMO energy level and strong antioxidant capacity, thus maintaining stability over a wide electrochemical window, compatible with most high-voltage cathode materials. Furthermore, the present invention has a wide liquid range, enabling the electrolyte to remain liquid over a wide temperature range.

[0023] 2. The N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide of the present invention has a weak interaction with lithium ions, and based on the dipole-dipole interaction between N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide and ether co-solvents, the interaction between ether co-solvents and lithium ions can be further weakened. Therefore, the present invention can reduce the desolvation energy barrier of lithium ions, promote rapid desolvation of lithium ions, and improve the rate performance of lithium metal batteries at low temperatures.

[0024] 3. The present invention is based on the weak interaction between solvent molecules and lithium ions, which allows more anions to enter the solvation sheath, thereby promoting the decomposition of anions to form an SEI film rich in inorganic components. The SEI film rich in inorganic components has good ion conductivity, can inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, and has a certain thermal stability. Therefore, the present invention can improve the stable circulation of lithium metal batteries in a wide temperature range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is the nuclear magnetic hydrogen spectrum of N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide prepared in Example 1 of the present invention, a wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries, a preparation method, and an application thereof;

[0026] Figure 2 This is the NMR fluorine spectrum of N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention at 60°C;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention at 25°C;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention at -20°C;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention at -40°C;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention at 60°C;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention at 25°C;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention at -20°C;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a graph showing the cycling performance of the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention at -40°C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the relevant technologies in the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries, including lithium salt, N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive, wherein the structure of N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide (DMTMSA) is as follows:

[0037]

[0038] Wherein, the lithium salt is selected from one or more of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalatoborate, lithium bis(oxalatoborate), and lithium tetrafluoroborate;

[0039] Wherein, the ether co-solvent is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran;

[0040] Wherein, the hydrofluoroether diluent is selected from one or more of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether;

[0041] The film-forming additive is one or more of lithium nitrate, vinylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate.

[0042] N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide accounts for 1% to 98% of the total volume of the electrolyte; ether co-solvent accounts for 1% to 98% of the total volume of the electrolyte; hydrofluoroether diluent accounts for 1% to 98% of the total volume of the electrolyte; film-forming additives account for 1% to 3% of the total volume of the electrolyte, and the total volume of the electrolyte is 100%.

[0043] The lithium salt concentration is 0.5 to 3 mol / L, preferably 0.8 to 1.5 mol / L, and more preferably 1.1 mol / L.

[0044] The volume ratio of N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive is 6:3:1:0.02 or 5:4:1:0.02 or 5:3:2:0.02 or 5:2:3:0.02 or 4:3:3:0.02 or 4:4:2:0.02 or 3:4:3:0.02, preferably 6:3:1:0.02.

[0045] The process of preparing the wide temperature range electrolyte in this embodiment is as follows:

[0046] Step 1: Dissolve diethylamine in dichloromethane and thoroughly stir at low temperature to precool. Add trifluoromethylsulfonyl chloride dropwise and stir under a nitrogen atmosphere. Remove the cryogenic trap and allow the mixture to stand at room temperature. After further stirring, add distilled water for extraction and separation. Collect the organic phase and dry it over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Remove the dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a pale yellow liquid. The crude product is then purified by vacuum distillation to obtain N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide.

[0047] Step 2: Mix N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive in a certain volume ratio;

[0048] Step 3: Add lithium salt to the mixed solvent obtained in step 2, and stir to dissolve the lithium salt to obtain a wide temperature range electrolyte.

[0049] The wide temperature range electrolyte of this embodiment can be applied to lithium metal batteries. Compatible positive electrode materials include lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrodes, and sulfur positive electrodes.

[0050] The wide temperature range electrolyte of this embodiment operates at a temperature of -40°C to 60°C.

[0051] Example

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment provides a wide-temperature-range electrolyte solution using lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as the lithium salt, ethylene glycol diethyl ether as the ether solvent, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether as the hydrofluoroether diluent, and lithium nitrate as the film-forming additive. N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether are prepared in a volume ratio of 6:3:1 to form an electrolyte with a lithium salt concentration of 1.1 mol / L. 0.02 mol / L of lithium nitrate is then added and stirred until fully dissolved.

[0054] Figure 1 This is the H-NMR spectrum of the synthesized diethyl fluorophosphate, measured at 400 MHz in deuterated chloroform. The figure shows the product is free of impurity peaks and exhibits high purity.

[0055] Figure 2 This is the NMR spectrum of the synthesized diethyl fluorophosphate, measured at 400 MHz in deuterated chloroform. The figure shows the product is free of impurity peaks and exhibits high purity.

[0056] Figure 3 Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention 2 ), at 60°C, the capacity retention rate was 67% after 200 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 0.5C.

[0057] Figure 4 Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention 2 ), at 25°C, after 350 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 1C, the capacity retention rate was 80.6%.

[0058] Figure 5 Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention 2 ), at -20°C, after 200 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 0.2C, the capacity retention rate was 90.6%.

[0059] Figure 6 Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 1 of the present invention 2 ), at -40°C, after 110 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 0.1C / 0.2C, the capacity retention rate was 93.9%.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] This embodiment provides a wide-temperature-range electrolyte solution using lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as the lithium salt, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether as the ether solvent, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether as the hydrofluoroether diluent, and lithium nitrate as the film-forming additive. N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether were prepared in a volume ratio of 6:3:1 to form an electrolyte with a lithium salt concentration of 1.1 mol / L. 0.02 mol / L of lithium nitrate was then added and stirred until fully dissolved.

[0062] Figure 7Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention 2 ), at 60°C, the capacity retention rate was 69.4% after 150 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 0.5C.

[0063] Figure 8 Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention 2 ), at 25°C, the capacity retention rate was 58.8% after 300 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 0.5C.

[0064] Figure 9 Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention 2 ), at -20°C, the capacity retention rate was 69.7% after 200 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 0.2C.

[0065] Figure 10 Li||NCM83 battery (positive electrode surface capacity of 1.79 mAh / cm2) assembled with the electrolyte of Example 2 of the present invention 2 ), at -40°C, after 100 stable cycles in the voltage range of 2.8V to 4.3V at a charge and discharge rate of 0.1C / 0.2C, the capacity retention rate was 83.1%.

[0066] In summary, the present invention, under the premise of ensuring good interfacial compatibility between ethers and lithium metal negative electrodes, introduces N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide and utilizes the dipole-dipole interaction between N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide and ether solvents to reduce the electron cloud density of the coordinated oxygen of the ether solvent molecules, thereby weakening the interaction between the ether solvent molecules and lithium ions, and then regulating the lithium ion solvation structure to form an inorganic component-rich SEI film, ultimately improving the cycle stability of lithium metal batteries in a wide temperature range.

[0067] It should be emphasized that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries, characterized in that: include: Lithium salt, N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive, wherein the structure of N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide includes: The ether co-solvent includes: one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; the hydrofluoroether diluent includes: one or more of 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl ether, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether; the film-forming additive includes: one or more of lithium nitrate, vinylene carbonate, and fluoroethylene carbonate.

2. The wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lithium salt includes one or more of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalatoborate, lithium bis(oxalatoborate), and lithium tetrafluoroborate.

3. The wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.5-3 mol / L.

4. The wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the wide temperature range electrolyte, the volume proportion of the N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide is 1% to 98%; the volume proportion of the ether co-solvent is 1% to 98%; the volume proportion of the hydrofluoroether diluent is 1% to 98%; and the volume proportion of the film-forming additive is 1% to 3%.

5. The wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive includes: (6-3): (4-2): (3-1): (0.01-0.03).

6. The wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to claim 5, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, ether co-solvent, hydrofluoroether diluent and film-forming additive is: 6:3:1:0.02 or 5:4:1:0.02 or 5:3:2:0.02 or 5:2:3:0.02 or 4:3:3:0.02 or 4:4:2:0.02 or 3:4:3:0.

02.

7. A method for preparing a wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries, characterized in that: The preparation method is used to prepare the wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the preparation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: N, N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide, an ether co-solvent, a hydrofluoroether diluent, and a film-forming additive are mixed in a volume ratio to obtain a mixed solvent; Step 2: Add lithium salt to the mixed solvent obtained in step 2, and stir to dissolve the lithium salt to obtain a wide temperature range electrolyte.

8. The method for preparing a wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide used in the step 1 comprises: dissolving diethylamine in dichloromethane, stirring and precooling at low temperature, adding trifluoromethylsulfonyl chloride dropwise, and stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere; then removing the low-temperature cold trap and allowing the mixture to stand at room temperature; stirring sufficiently, adding distilled water for extraction and separation; collecting the organic phase and drying it with anhydrous sodium sulfate; removing the dichloromethane by rotary evaporation to obtain a light yellow liquid, and then purifying the crude product by vacuum distillation to obtain N,N-dimethyl-trifluoromethylsulfonamide.

9. A wide temperature range lithium battery, characterized in that: The lithium battery adopts the wide temperature range electrolyte for lithium metal batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the lithium battery includes: a lithium metal battery, a lithium ion battery; the positive electrode materials of the lithium battery include: a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide positive electrode, a lithium iron phosphate positive electrode, a lithium cobalt oxide positive electrode, a lithium-rich manganese-based positive electrode, and a sulfur positive electrode.

10. The wide temperature range lithium battery according to claim 9, characterized in that: The operating temperature range of the lithium battery is -40 to 60°C.

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