Battery box for ship and ship

Abstract

The invention provides a battery box for a ship and the ship, and relates to the technical field of ships, and the battery box comprises a battery system, a high-voltage control box, a thermal management system and a fire extinguishing system. The battery system is composed of a plurality of battery packs, and each battery pack is internally provided with a BMU and a fire-fighting detector. The high-voltage control box comprises a BCU, a discharging loop provided with a discharging switch, a charging loop provided with a charging switch and a thermal management loop provided with a thermal management switch. One ends of the discharging loop, the charging loop and the thermal management loop are connected with the battery system, and the other ends are respectively connected with the discharging interface, the charging interface and the thermal management system. And the BCU controls the charging switch or the discharging switch to be switched on according to a charging / discharging instruction sent by the ship energy management system so as to meet the electricity demand of the ship. When the BMU detects that the temperature of the battery pack is abnormal, the BCU controls the thermal management switch to be closed; and when the fire-fighting detector detects that the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the fire-fighting system performs fire extinguishing treatment on the battery pack so as to improve the safety of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship technology, and in particular to a battery box for a ship and a ship. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy sources, electric-powered ships are becoming increasingly common. Currently, the battery modules used in electric ships are primarily converted from land-based electric vehicles and other industries, and these modules are unable to meet the power needs of ships. Furthermore, the inherent safety issues of batteries used in ships have not yet been fully resolved, and they cannot fully meet the power safety requirements of current new energy ship regulations. Furthermore, the high power capacity of ships further amplifies this risk.

[0003] Therefore, how to improve battery safety while meeting the power needs of ships is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a battery box for ships and a ship, so as to improve the safety of batteries while meeting the power needs of ships.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, the present application provides a battery box for a ship, comprising: a battery system, a high-voltage control box, a thermal management system, and a fire protection system;

[0007] The battery system consists of multiple battery packs connected in series and parallel, each of which is equipped with a BMU and a fire detector; the high-voltage control box includes a BCU, a discharge circuit with a discharge switch, a charging circuit with a charging switch, and a thermal management circuit with a thermal management switch;

[0008] One end of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are all connected to the battery system, and the other ends of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are respectively connected to the discharge interface, charging interface, and thermal management system. The thermal management system is also attached to each battery pack. The fire protection system communicates with the fire detector in each battery pack, and the BCU communicates with the ship energy management system and the BMU in each battery pack.

[0009] The BCU is used to control the charging switch or the discharging switch to close according to the charging / discharging instruction sent by the ship energy management system;

[0010] The BCU is further configured to control the thermal management switch to close when the BMU detects an abnormal temperature of the battery pack, so that the thermal management system regulates the temperature of the battery pack;

[0011] The fire protection system is used to extinguish the battery pack when the fire detector detects thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0012] Furthermore, the ship battery box also includes a box body, which is provided with multiple layers of support frames. The high-voltage control box, the thermal management system and the fire protection system are all arranged on the support frames near the top of the box body, and the multiple battery packs in the battery system are respectively arranged on the remaining layers of support frames.

[0013] Furthermore, the ship battery box further includes a junction box; the discharge circuit includes a first discharge circuit and a second discharge circuit, and the discharge interface includes a first discharge quick-change connector and a second discharge quick-change connector; the charging circuit includes a first charging circuit and a second charging circuit, and the charging interface includes a first charging quick-change connector, a second charging quick-change connector, a first side charging interface, and a second side charging interface;

[0014] One end of each of the first discharge circuit and the second discharge circuit is connected to the battery system via the discharge switch, and the other end of each of the first discharge circuit and the second discharge circuit is connected to the first discharge quick-change connector and the second discharge quick-change connector, respectively;

[0015] One end of each of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit is connected to the battery system via the charging switch, and the other end of each of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit is connected to the junction box;

[0016] The junction box is used to expand the other ends of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit into a third charging circuit, a fourth charging circuit, a fifth charging circuit, and a sixth charging circuit; the third charging circuit, the fourth charging circuit, the fifth charging circuit, and the sixth charging circuit are also connected to the first charging quick-change connector, the second charging quick-change connector, the first side charging port, and the second side charging port, respectively;

[0017] The first discharge quick-change connector, the second discharge quick-change connector, the first charging quick-change connector, and the second charging quick-change connector are all arranged at the bottom of the box, and the first side charging interface and the second side charging interface are both arranged on the side of the box.

[0018] Furthermore, the battery system includes a first battery cluster and a second battery cluster, and the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster are both composed of the same number of battery packs connected in series; the high-voltage control box also includes a branch switch, a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor;

[0019] The positive electrode of the first battery cluster and the positive electrode of the second battery cluster are connected to one end of the branch switch and one end of the first Hall sensor, respectively. The other end of the branch switch is connected to the other end of the first Hall sensor to serve as the positive electrode of the battery system. The branch switch is also connected to the BCU. The negative electrode of the first battery cluster is connected to one end of the second Hall sensor, and the negative electrode of the second battery cluster is connected to the other end of the second Hall sensor to serve as the negative electrode of the battery system.

[0020] The BCU is configured to control the branch switch to be disconnected when detecting that a voltage difference between the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster is greater than a preset threshold.

[0021] Furthermore, the high-voltage control box further includes an insulation detection module, which is connected to the BCU and is further connected to the positive electrode of the battery system, the negative electrode of the battery system, the discharge circuit, the charging circuit, and the thermal management circuit respectively;

[0022] The BCU is used to control the corresponding branch switch, the discharge switch, the charging switch or the thermal management switch to disconnect when the insulation detection module detects an abnormal voltage at the positive electrode of the battery system, the negative electrode of the battery system, the discharge circuit, the charging circuit or the thermal management circuit.

[0023] Furthermore, the high-voltage control box also includes a pre-charge resistor and a pre-charge switch. The pre-charge resistor and the pre-charge switch are connected in series and then in parallel with the discharge switch, and the pre-charge switch is also connected to the BCU.

[0024] Furthermore, the high-voltage control box also includes a voltage converter, the input end of the voltage converter is connected to the battery system, and the output end of the voltage converter is connected to the BCU and the fire protection system respectively.

[0025] Furthermore, the fire fighting system includes a fire fighting host, a gas storage device and a plurality of spray valves; the fire fighting host is respectively connected to the voltage converter and the gas storage device, the gas storage device is respectively connected to the plurality of spray valves through pipelines, and each spray valve is embedded in a battery pack;

[0026] The fire host is used to open the corresponding spray valve to spray the battery pack when the fire detector detects thermal runaway of the battery pack.

[0027] Furthermore, the thermal management system includes a thermal management host and multiple thermal management integrated boards; one end of the thermal management host is connected to the thermal management loop, and the other end of the thermal management host is respectively connected to multiple thermal management integrated boards, and each thermal management integrated board is attached to the bottom of a battery pack, and the thermal management integrated board integrates a refrigeration cycle subsystem and a water circulation heating subsystem.

[0028] On the other hand, the present application also provides a ship, comprising a ship battery box as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present application provides a battery box for a ship and a ship. The battery box comprises a battery system, a high-voltage control box, a thermal management system, and a fire protection system. The battery system consists of multiple battery packs connected in series and parallel, each of which is equipped with a battery management unit (BMU) and a fire detector. The high-voltage control box includes a battery control unit (BCU), a discharge circuit with a discharge switch, a charging circuit with a charge switch, and a thermal management circuit with a thermal management switch. One end of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are connected to the battery system, while the other ends of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are connected to the discharge port, charging port, and thermal management system, respectively. The thermal management system is also attached to each battery pack. The fire protection system communicates with the fire detector in each battery pack, and the BCU communicates with the ship's energy management system and the BMU in each battery pack. The BCU controls the charging or discharging switch according to charge / discharge commands sent by the ship's energy management system to meet the ship's power needs. The BCU also controls the thermal management switch to close when the BMU detects an abnormal battery pack temperature, allowing the thermal management system to regulate the temperature of the abnormally sized battery pack. The fire protection system is used to promptly extinguish the battery pack that has experienced thermal runaway when the fire detector detects thermal runaway of the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery box used on ships. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application for which protection is claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0032] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a battery box for a ship provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is one of the structural diagrams of a box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a second structural diagram of a box provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a second structural diagram of a battery box for a ship provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 This is one of the structural diagrams of a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a second structural diagram of a thermal management system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 A structural diagram of a fire protection system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Icons: 10-Ship battery box; 100-Battery system; 110-Battery pack; 120-First battery cluster; 130-Second battery cluster; 200-High voltage control box; 210-Discharge switch; 220-Charge switch; 230-Thermal management switch; 240-Voltage converter; 250-Insulation detection module; 260-First Hall sensor; 270-Second Hall sensor; 300-Thermal management system; 310-Thermal management host; 320-Thermal management integrated board; 321-Refrigeration cycle subsystem; 322-Water circulation heating subsystem; 400-Fire protection system; 410-Fire protection host; 420-Gas storage device; 430-Spray valve; 440-Sound and light alarm; 500-Discharge Electrical interface; 510-first discharge quick-change connector; 520-second discharge quick-change connector; 600-charging interface; 610-first charging quick-change connector; 620-second charging quick-change connector; 630-first side charging interface; 640-second side charging interface; 700-box; 710-support frame; 800-junction box; K1-first positive charging switch; K2-first negative charging switch; K3-second positive charging switch; K4-second negative charging switch; K5-negative discharge switch; K6-positive thermal management switch; K7-branch switch; K8-pre-charge switch; R-pre-charge resistor; MSD1-first fuse; MSD2-second fuse; F-fuse. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be noted that relational terms such as first and second are used solely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The term "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.

[0042] The following describes some embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other.

[0043] As mentioned in the background, the battery modules currently used in electric ships are primarily converted from land-based electric vehicles and other industries. These modules are unable to meet the power needs of ships. Furthermore, the inherent safety issues of batteries used in ships have not yet been fully resolved, and they cannot fully meet the power safety requirements of current new energy ship regulations. Therefore, how to improve battery safety while meeting the power needs of ships is a pressing technical issue for those skilled in the art.

[0044] To solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides a battery box 10 for a ship, which includes: a battery system 100, a high-voltage control box 200, a thermal management system 300 and a fire protection system 400.

[0045] The battery system 100 consists of multiple battery packs 110 connected in series and parallel, each of which is equipped with a BMU (Battery Management Unit) and a fire detector. Optionally, the fire detector can adopt a composite design, integrating carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compound (VOC), smoke, and combustible gas detection functions.

[0046] The high-voltage control box 200 includes a BCU (Battery Control Unit), a discharge circuit including a discharge switch 210 , a charge circuit including a charge switch 220 , and a thermal management circuit including a thermal management switch 230 .

[0047] One end of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are all connected to the battery system 100. The other ends of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are respectively connected to the discharge interface 500, charging interface 600, and thermal management system 300. The thermal management system 300 is also attached to each battery pack 110. In addition, the fire protection system 400 communicates with the fire detector in each battery pack 110, and the BCU communicates with the ship's energy management system and the BMU in each battery pack 110.

[0048] It should be noted that the BMU in the embodiment of the present application is installed in the battery pack 110 as the first-level architecture of the BMS (Battery Management System) and is used to collect real-time data such as the voltage and temperature of the battery pack 110. The BCU is installed in the high-voltage control box 200 as the second-level architecture of the BMS and is used to control the energy flow state of the entire ship battery box 10, monitor the status of the ship battery box 10, and communicate with external devices (such as the ship energy management system, on-board communication unit, etc.).

[0049] Specifically, the BCU is used to control the charging switch 220 or the discharging switch 210 to close according to the charging / discharging instructions sent by the ship energy management system to meet the ship's power demand.

[0050] The BCU is also used to control the thermal management switch 230 to close when the BMU detects that the temperature of the battery pack 110 is abnormal, so that the thermal management system 300 can adjust the temperature of the battery pack 110 with the abnormal temperature.

[0051] The fire protection system 400 is used to promptly extinguish the battery pack 110 that has thermal runaway when the fire detector detects that the battery pack 110 has thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery box 10 for ships.

[0052] To meet the ship's power needs, the battery system 100 in this application outputs high voltage electricity, but the BCU and firefighting system 400 are both low-voltage electrical devices. Therefore, to ensure the normal operation of the BCU and firefighting system 400, in this embodiment of the application, the high-voltage control box 200 also includes a voltage converter 240. The input end of the voltage converter 240 is connected to the battery system 100, and the output end of the voltage converter 240 is connected to the BCU and firefighting system 400 respectively.

[0053] The voltage converter 240 is used to convert the high voltage electricity output by the battery system 100 into low voltage electricity, thereby supplying power to the BCU and the fire fighting system 400 and ensuring the normal operation of the BCU and the fire fighting system 400. Optionally, the voltage converter 240 is a DC / DC converter.

[0054] In addition, marine regulations require that the first level of the BMS also be equipped with an independent over-temperature data collection system for redundancy. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, each battery pack 110 is also equipped with a BTU (Battery Temperature Unit). The BMU is used to collect temperature and voltage data from the battery pack 110, and the BTU is also used as a redundant unit to collect temperature data from the battery pack 110. Both the BMU and the BTU communicate with the BCU in the high-voltage control box 200.

[0055] Further, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment of the present application, the marine battery box 10 further includes a housing 700, within which are disposed multiple layers of support frames 710. The high-voltage control box 200, thermal management system 300, and fire protection system 400 are all mounted on the support frames 710 near the top of the housing 700, while the multiple battery packs 110 in the battery system 100 are mounted on the remaining layers of the support frames 710. This marine battery box 10 can serve as an independent power supply unit on a ship, and the number of units configured can be flexibly adjusted.

[0056] Charging piles for ship charging are divided into single-gun charging piles and double-gun charging piles. In order to meet the charging and discharging needs of ships in different scenarios, please refer to Figure 4 In an optional embodiment, the marine battery box 10 further includes a junction box 800. The discharge circuit includes a first discharge circuit and a second discharge circuit, and the discharge interface 500 includes a first discharge quick-change connector 510 and a second discharge quick-change connector 520. The charging circuit includes a first charging circuit and a second charging circuit, and the charging interface 600 includes a first charging quick-change connector 610, a second charging quick-change connector 620, a first side charging interface 630, and a second side charging interface 640.

[0057] One end of the first discharge circuit and the second discharge circuit are connected to the battery system 100 through the discharge switch 210 , and the other ends of the first discharge circuit and the second discharge circuit are connected to the first discharge quick-change connector 510 and the second discharge quick-change connector 520 respectively.

[0058] One end of each of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit is connected to the battery system 100 through the charging switch 220 , and the other end of each of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit is connected to the junction box 800 .

[0059] Junction box 800 is used to expand the other ends of the first and second charging circuits into third, fourth, fifth, and sixth charging circuits. One end of each of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth charging circuits is connected to junction box 800, and the other ends of each of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth charging circuits are connected to the first quick-change charging connector 610, the second quick-change charging connector 620, the first side charging port 630, and the second side charging port 640, respectively.

[0060] Also, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first discharge quick-change connector 510 , the second discharge quick-change connector 520 , the first charging quick-change connector 610 , and the second charging quick-change connector 620 are all arranged at the bottom of the box 700 , and the first side charging interface 630 and the second side charging interface 640 are both arranged on the side of the box 700 .

[0061] Based on the above design, by setting two discharge quick-change connectors and two charging quick-change connectors, it is ensured that the ship battery box 10 can adapt to different types of charging piles (for example, single-gun charging piles, dual-gun charging piles) and discharge requirements. In addition, the junction box 800 expands the two charging circuits in the high-voltage control box 200 into four charging circuits, two of which are respectively connected to the two charging quick-change connectors provided at the bottom of the box 700, and the other two charging circuits are respectively connected to the two side charging interfaces provided on the side of the box 700. By increasing the number of charging interfaces and arranging multiple charging interfaces at different positions of the box 700, the convenience of charging the ship battery box 10 is improved, further ensuring that the ship battery box 10 meets the power needs of the ship in different scenarios.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the high-voltage control box 200 further includes a branch switch K7, a first Hall sensor 260, and a second Hall sensor 270. The battery system 100 includes a first battery cluster 120 and a second battery cluster 130, each of which is composed of the same number of battery packs 110 connected in series. Optionally, the first battery cluster 120 is composed of two 100 kWh battery packs 110 connected in series, and the second battery cluster 130 is also composed of two 100 kWh battery packs 110 connected in series.

[0063] The positive electrode of the first battery cluster 120 and the positive electrode of the second battery cluster 130 are connected to one end of the branch switch K7 and one end of the first Hall sensor 260 respectively, and the other end of the branch switch K7 is connected to the other end of the first Hall sensor 260 to serve as the positive electrode of the battery system 100 (i.e. Figure 4The negative electrode of the first battery cluster 120 is connected to one end of the second Hall sensor 270, and the negative electrode of the second battery cluster 130 is connected to the other end of the second Hall sensor 270 to serve as the negative electrode of the battery system 100 (i.e. Figure 4 Point B in the figure).

[0064] The first Hall sensor 260 and the second Hall sensor 270 respectively detect the current in the branches where the first battery cluster 120 and the second battery cluster 130 are located, and send the current data to the BCU. If the BCU detects an overcurrent fault in a branch where a battery cluster is located, it limits the power of the branch or shuts down the power supply.

[0065] The multiple BMUs installed in the first battery cluster 120 and the second battery cluster 130 transmit real-time data on the voltage of the first battery cluster 120 and the second battery cluster 130 to the BCU. If the BCU detects that the voltage difference between the first battery cluster 120 and the second battery cluster 130 is greater than a preset threshold (i.e., there is a significant difference between the voltages of the first battery cluster 120 and the second battery cluster 130), it controls the branch switch K7 to open, thereby disconnecting the parallel first battery cluster 120 and the second battery cluster 130, preventing the formation of a large internal circulating current that could cause an overcurrent fault, further improving the safety of the marine battery box 10.

[0066] Optionally, the high-voltage control box 200 further includes a first fuse MSD1 and a second fuse MSD2. The first fuse MSD1 is located between the positive electrode of the first battery cluster 120 and the branch switch K7 and is designed to blow when the current in the first battery cluster 120 is too high. The second fuse MSD2 is located between the positive electrode of the second battery cluster 130 and the first Hall effect sensor 260 and is designed to blow when the current in the second battery cluster 130 is too high, providing overcurrent protection.

[0067] In order to better understand the working principle of the marine battery box 10, Figure 4 As shown, the first discharge circuit includes a first positive discharge branch and a first negative discharge branch, and the second discharge circuit includes a second positive discharge branch and a second negative discharge branch. The discharge switch 210 is a negative discharge switch K5. One end of each of the first and second positive discharge branches is connected to the positive electrode of the battery system 100, and the other ends of each of the first and second positive discharge branches are connected to the first and second quick-change discharge connectors 510 and 520, respectively. One end of each of the first and second negative discharge branches is connected to the negative electrode of the battery system 100 via the negative discharge switch K5, and the other ends of each of the first and second negative discharge branches are connected to the first and second quick-change discharge connectors 510 and 520, respectively.

[0068] The first charging circuit includes a first positive charging branch and a first negative charging branch. The second charging circuit includes a second positive charging branch and a second negative charging branch. The charging switch 220 includes a first positive charging switch K1, a first negative charging switch K2, a second positive charging switch K3, and a second negative charging switch K4. The first positive charging branch is connected to the positive electrode of the battery system 100 via the first positive charging switch K1 at one end and to the junction box 800 at the other end. The first negative charging branch is connected to the negative electrode of the battery system 100 via the first negative charging switch K2 at one end and to the junction box 800 at the other end. The second positive charging branch is connected to the positive electrode of the battery system 100 via the second positive charging switch K3 at one end and to the junction box 800 at the other end. The second negative charging branch is connected to the negative electrode of the battery system 100 via the second negative charging switch K4 at one end and to the junction box 800 at the other end.

[0069] The thermal management circuit includes a fuse F, a positive thermal management branch, and a negative thermal management branch. The thermal management switch 230 is a positive thermal management switch K6. One end of the positive thermal management branch is connected to the fuse F, the positive thermal management switch K6, and the positive electrode of the battery system 100, respectively, and the other end is connected to the thermal management system 300. One end of the negative thermal management branch is connected to the negative electrode of the battery system 100, and the other end is connected to the thermal management system 300.

[0070] Furthermore, the high voltage control box 200 further includes a pre-charge resistor R and a pre-charge switch K8, wherein the pre-charge resistor R and the pre-charge switch K8 are connected in series and then in parallel with the negative discharge switch K5 (ie, the discharge switch 210), and the pre-charge switch K8 is also connected to the BCU.

[0071] Optionally, all switches in the embodiment of the present application may be relay switches, and all switches are connected to the BCU.

[0072] Based on the above design, the discharge process of the marine battery box 10 is as follows: When the BCU receives a discharge request from the ship's energy management system, it performs a self-test (checking whether the high voltage is normal and whether the relay switch is sticking). If the self-test is successful, the BCU controls the pre-charge switch K8 to close for pre-charge. After the pre-charge is complete, the BCU controls the negative discharge switch K5 and branch switch K7 to close and opens the pre-charge switch K8 to initiate discharge.

[0073] The charging process of the ship battery box 10 is as follows: the ship energy management system interacts with the BCU. If the ship battery box 10 is in a discharging state, the ship energy management system first sends a power-off request to the BCU, and the BCU controls all switches to be disconnected. When the BCU receives the charging request sent by the ship energy management system, it first detects some key signals (for example: A+ signal, CC1 signal, CC2 signal), and then performs the charging handshake protocol after the detection. Then, according to the type of charging pile, it controls the first positive charging switch K1 and the first negative charging switch K2 to be closed, or controls the first positive charging switch K1, the first negative charging switch K2, the second positive charging switch K3, and the second negative charging switch K4 to be closed, thereby interacting with the charging pile in a handshake protocol. After the handshake protocol is completed, the BCU sends a current request to the charging pile to start charging.

[0074] In addition, the battery system 100 may experience leakage faults during use. To further improve battery safety, in the embodiment of the present application, the high-voltage control box 200 further includes an insulation detection module 250. The insulation detection module 250 is connected to the BCU and is also connected to the positive electrode of the battery system 100, the negative electrode of the battery system 100, the discharge circuit, the charging circuit, and the thermal management circuit.

[0075] The BCU is used to control the corresponding branch switch K7, discharge switch 210, charging switch 220 or thermal management switch 230 to disconnect when the insulation detection module 250 detects abnormal voltage at the positive electrode of the battery system 100, the negative electrode of the battery system 100, the discharge circuit, the charging circuit or the thermal management circuit.

[0076] Specifically, the V1+ / V10+ interface of the insulation detection module 250 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery system 100, the V5+ / V8+ interface is connected to the first positive charging branch, the V6+ / V9+ interface is connected to the second positive charging branch, the V7+ interface is connected to the positive thermal management branch, the V1- / V2- interface is connected to the negative electrode of the battery system 100, the V3- interface is connected to the first negative charging branch, the V4- interface is connected to the second negative charging branch, and the V5- interface is connected to the first negative discharge branch and the second negative discharge branch. When the BCU receives a leakage fault warning sent by the insulation detection module 250, it controls the branch switch K7, the first positive charging switch K1, the second positive charging switch K3, the positive thermal management switch K6, the first negative charging switch K2, the second negative charging switch K4, and the negative discharge switch K5 at the corresponding position to disconnect, thereby protecting the entire ship battery box 10.

[0077] In addition, in order to ensure that the BCU and the fire protection system 400 can remain awake for a long time throughout their life cycle and continuously monitor the status of the battery system 100, this application sets up two power supplies for the low-voltage electrical equipment BCU and the fire protection system 400. The first power supply is: both the BCU and the fire protection system 400 include an external low-voltage electrical interface for connecting to an external low-voltage power supply. The second power supply is: the input end of the DC / DC converter (i.e., the voltage converter 240) in the high-voltage control box 200 is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery system 100, and the output end is connected to the BCU and the fire protection system 400 respectively. The 600V high voltage electricity of the battery system 100 is stepped down to 24V low voltage electricity through the DC / DC converter, thereby powering the low-voltage electrical equipment.

[0078] The DC / DC converter is provided to ensure that the BCU and the fire protection system 400 can still be started in the absence of external power supply or in the case of external low-voltage power failure, thereby improving safety.

[0079] Further, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the thermal management system 300 includes a thermal management host 310 and multiple thermal management integrated boards 320. One end of the thermal management host 310 is connected to the thermal management circuit, and the other end of the thermal management host 310 is connected to the multiple thermal management integrated boards 320 through pipelines, and each thermal management integrated board 320 is attached to the bottom of a battery pack 110.

[0080] The BMU or BTU in each battery pack 110 collects the battery temperature in real time and sends the temperature data to the BCU. When the BCU detects that the temperature of the battery pack 110 is abnormal based on the received temperature data, the BCU controls the thermal management switch 230 (i.e. Figure 4 The positive electrode thermal management switch K6 in the battery pack is closed, the thermal management host 310 is powered on, and the corresponding thermal management integrated board 320 is turned on to adjust the temperature of the battery pack 110.

[0081] See also Figure 6 The thermal management integrated board 320 integrates a refrigeration cycle subsystem 321 and a water circulation and heating subsystem 322. In the refrigeration cycle subsystem 321, a compressor cools the refrigerant. In the water circulation and heating subsystem 322, a PTC system heats the circulating water, achieving integrated liquid cooling and heating, providing both cooling and heating functions.

[0082] As an optional implementation, see Figure 7The firefighting system 400 includes a firefighting host 410, a gas storage device 420, and multiple spray valves 430. The firefighting host 410 is connected to the output of a voltage converter 240, which converts the high-voltage power from the battery system 100 into 24V low-voltage DC power to power the firefighting host 410. The firefighting host 410 is also connected to the gas storage device 420 and an audible and visual alarm 440. The gas storage device 420 is connected to multiple spray valves 430 via pipelines. Each spray valve 430 is embedded in a battery pack 110.

[0083] Optionally, the gas storage device 420 is equipped with 4L of heptafluoropropane fire-fighting agent. The amount of fire-fighting agent used can be adjusted according to the actual fire-fighting space.

[0084] When the fire detector in the battery pack 110 detects thermal runaway of the battery pack 110 , the fire detector sends an alarm signal to the remote host and the entire ship through the CAN bus, and communicates with the fire host 410 through the wiring harness.

[0085] The fire host 410 is used to automatically identify the battery pack 110 that has thermal runaway when the fire detector detects that the battery pack 110 is in thermal runaway, open the corresponding spray valve 430 to spray HFC-227ea into the battery pack 110 that has thermal runaway, prevent the thermal runaway from spreading between the battery cells, and simultaneously open the sound and light alarm 440 to sound an alarm.

[0086] Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a ship, comprising the ship battery box 10 as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0087] In summary, embodiments of the present application provide a ship battery box and a ship. The ship battery box includes a battery system, a high-voltage control box, a thermal management system, and a fire protection system. The battery system consists of multiple battery packs connected in series and parallel, each of which is equipped with a battery management unit (BMU) and a fire detector. The high-voltage control box includes a battery control unit (BCU), a discharge circuit with a discharge switch, a charging circuit with a charge switch, and a thermal management circuit with a thermal management switch. One end of each of the discharge, charging, and thermal management circuits is connected to the battery system, while the other ends of each circuit are connected to the discharge port, the charging port, and the thermal management system, respectively. The thermal management system is also attached to each battery pack. The fire protection system communicates with the fire detector in each battery pack, and the BCU communicates with the ship's energy management system and the BMU in each battery pack. The BCU controls the closing of the charge or discharge switch based on charge / discharge commands sent by the ship's energy management system to meet the ship's power needs. The BCU also controls the closing of the thermal management switch when the BMU detects an abnormal battery pack temperature, enabling the thermal management system to regulate the temperature of the abnormally sized battery pack. The fire protection system is used to promptly extinguish the battery pack that has experienced thermal runaway when the fire detector detects thermal runaway of the battery pack, thereby improving the safety of the battery box used on ships.

[0088] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0089] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A battery box for a ship, characterized in that: include: Battery systems, high-voltage control boxes, thermal management systems, and fire protection systems; The battery system consists of multiple battery packs connected in series and parallel, each of which is equipped with a BMU and a fire detector; the high-voltage control box includes a BCU, a discharge circuit with a discharge switch, a charging circuit with a charging switch, and a thermal management circuit with a thermal management switch; One end of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are all connected to the battery system, and the other ends of the discharge circuit, charging circuit, and thermal management circuit are respectively connected to the discharge interface, charging interface, and thermal management system. The thermal management system is also attached to each battery pack. The fire protection system communicates with the fire detector in each battery pack, and the BCU communicates with the ship energy management system and the BMU in each battery pack. The BCU is used to control the charging switch or the discharging switch to close according to the charging / discharging instruction sent by the ship energy management system; The BCU is further configured to control the thermal management switch to close when the BMU detects an abnormal temperature of the battery pack, so that the thermal management system regulates the temperature of the battery pack; The fire protection system is used to extinguish the battery pack when the fire detector detects thermal runaway of the battery pack.

2. The battery box for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery box for ships also includes a box body, which is provided with multiple layers of support frames. The high-voltage control box, the thermal management system and the fire protection system are all arranged on the support frames near the top of the box body, and the multiple battery packs in the battery system are respectively arranged on the remaining layers of support frames.

3. The battery box for a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ship battery box further includes a junction box; the discharge circuit includes a first discharge circuit and a second discharge circuit, and the discharge interface includes a first discharge quick-change connector and a second discharge quick-change connector; the charging circuit includes a first charging circuit and a second charging circuit, and the charging interface includes a first charging quick-change connector, a second charging quick-change connector, a first side charging interface, and a second side charging interface; One end of each of the first discharge circuit and the second discharge circuit is connected to the battery system via the discharge switch, and the other end of each of the first discharge circuit and the second discharge circuit is connected to the first discharge quick-change connector and the second discharge quick-change connector, respectively; One end of each of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit is connected to the battery system via the charging switch, and the other end of each of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit is connected to the junction box; The junction box is used to expand the other ends of the first charging circuit and the second charging circuit into a third charging circuit, a fourth charging circuit, a fifth charging circuit, and a sixth charging circuit; the third charging circuit, the fourth charging circuit, the fifth charging circuit, and the sixth charging circuit are also connected to the first charging quick-change connector, the second charging quick-change connector, the first side charging port, and the second side charging port, respectively; The first discharge quick-change connector, the second discharge quick-change connector, the first charging quick-change connector, and the second charging quick-change connector are all arranged at the bottom of the box, and the first side charging interface and the second side charging interface are both arranged on the side of the box.

4. The battery box for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery system includes a first battery cluster and a second battery cluster, and the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster are both composed of the same number of battery packs connected in series; the high-voltage control box also includes a branch switch, a first Hall sensor and a second Hall sensor; The positive electrode of the first battery cluster and the positive electrode of the second battery cluster are connected to one end of the branch switch and one end of the first Hall sensor, respectively. The other end of the branch switch is connected to the other end of the first Hall sensor to serve as the positive electrode of the battery system. The branch switch is also connected to the BCU. The negative electrode of the first battery cluster is connected to one end of the second Hall sensor, and the negative electrode of the second battery cluster is connected to the other end of the second Hall sensor to serve as the negative electrode of the battery system. The BCU is configured to control the branch switch to be disconnected when detecting that a voltage difference between the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster is greater than a preset threshold.

5. The battery box for a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-voltage control box further includes an insulation detection module, which is connected to the BCU and is further connected to the positive electrode of the battery system, the negative electrode of the battery system, the discharge circuit, the charging circuit, and the thermal management circuit respectively; The BCU is used to control the corresponding branch switch, the discharge switch, the charging switch or the thermal management switch to disconnect when the insulation detection module detects an abnormal voltage at the positive electrode of the battery system, the negative electrode of the battery system, the discharge circuit, the charging circuit or the thermal management circuit.

6. The battery box for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage control box also includes a pre-charge resistor and a pre-charge switch. The pre-charge resistor and the pre-charge switch are connected in series and then in parallel with the discharge switch, and the pre-charge switch is also connected to the BCU.

7. The battery box for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-voltage control box further includes a voltage converter, an input end of the voltage converter is connected to the battery system, and an output end of the voltage converter is connected to the BCU and the fire protection system respectively.

8. The battery box for a ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fire protection system includes a fire control unit, a gas storage device, and multiple spray valves; the fire control unit is respectively connected to the voltage converter and the gas storage device, and the gas storage device is respectively connected to the multiple spray valves through pipelines, and each spray valve is embedded in a battery pack; The fire host is used to open the corresponding spray valve to spray the battery pack when the fire detector detects thermal runaway of the battery pack.

9. The battery box for a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal management system includes a thermal management host and multiple thermal management integrated boards; One end of the thermal management host is connected to the thermal management loop, and the other end of the thermal management host is connected to multiple thermal management integrated boards, and each thermal management integrated board is attached to the bottom of a battery pack. The thermal management integrated board integrates a refrigeration cycle subsystem and a water circulation heating subsystem.

10. A ship, characterized in that: The ship comprises the ship battery box according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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