Design method and device of scanning antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide, and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a substrate integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna design method and apparatus, and an electronic device, which can be applied to the technical field of two-dimensional electronic control beam scanning. The method comprises the following steps: determining respective offsets of a plurality of feed slots based on a first preset parameter of an initial substrate integrated waveguide and a second preset parameter of the plurality of feed slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide; according to the offset, adjusting a second preset parameter to obtain a target gap parameter; according to a preset transmission condition, determining a target arc parameter of the arc transition structure and respective heights of a plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction, so that the heights of adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the first direction are different; and designing the target antenna according to the first preset parameter, the target arc parameter, the respective heights of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction, the respective offsets of the plurality of feed slots and the target slot parameter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of two-dimensional electrically controlled beam scanning, and more specifically, to a design method, device, and electronic device for a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide. Background Art

[0002] In the microwave frequency band, phased array technology is a relatively mature method for electronically controlled beam scanning. However, for two-dimensional beam scanning in the terahertz frequency band, due to the immature manufacturing process of the phase shifter, the central component of the phased array, it is necessary to use the leaky wave radiation structure on the transmission line to achieve beam scanning.

[0003] In the process of realizing the concept of the present disclosure, the inventors discovered that the two-dimensional electrically controlled beam scanning in the related art has a technical problem in that the beam scanning angle in at least the phase scanning dimension is limited and only discrete scanning can be performed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a design method, device and electronic device for a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide.

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a design method for a substrate-integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna, comprising:

[0006] Based on first preset parameters of an initial substrate integrated waveguide and second preset parameters of a plurality of feed slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, offsets of the plurality of feed slots are determined, wherein the offsets represent a vertical distance of each feed slot relative to a centerline of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the first preset parameters including the number, size parameters, and operating frequency of the initial substrate integrated waveguides, and the second preset parameters including initial size parameters of the plurality of feed slots and a spacing between adjacent feed slots. The second preset parameters are adjusted according to the offsets of the plurality of feed slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide meets preset transmission conditions, thereby obtaining target slot parameters, wherein the target slot parameters include target lengths of the plurality of feed slots. Based on the preset transmission conditions, target arc parameters of the arc-shaped transition structure and respective heights of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in a first direction are determined, so that adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the target antenna have different heights in the first direction. The target antenna is designed according to the first preset parameters, the target arc parameters, the respective heights of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction, the offsets of the plurality of feed slots, and the target slot parameters.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on preset transmission conditions, target arc parameters of the arc transition structure and respective heights of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction are determined so that the heights of each pair of adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction are different, including: determining the inner arc radius and the outer arc radius of the arc transition structure according to the width of the target substrate integrated waveguide; scanning and optimizing multiple groups of candidate inner arc parameters and multiple groups of candidate outer arc parameters based on the inner arc radius and the outer arc radius of the arc transition structure to determine target outer arc parameters and target inner arc parameters, wherein the target outer arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the outer arc, and the target inner arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the inner arc; dividing the target substrate integrated waveguides into a first array and a second array according to the arrangement order of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides, and the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array and the second array are not adjacent to each other; determining the heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array in the first direction as a first height, and determining the heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array in the first direction as a second height, wherein the first height is less than the second height.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the height of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in a first array in a first direction is determined as a first height, and the height of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in a second array in the first direction is determined as a second height, including: setting a layer-changing structure corresponding to the second array; through the layer-changing structure, the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array are maintained in a first plane and the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array are transferred to a second plane, wherein the height of the first plane relative to the first direction is the first height, and the height of the second plane relative to the first direction is the second height.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second preset parameter is adjusted according to the respective offsets of the plurality of feeding slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide meets the preset transmission conditions, thereby obtaining target slot parameters, including: based on a waveguide model corresponding to the initial substrate integrated waveguide, using multiple sets of candidate slot parameters to scan the lengths of the plurality of feeding slots, and outputting multiple scattering parameter curves, wherein the waveguide model is constructed according to the first preset parameter and the respective offsets of the plurality of feeding slots; and determining the lengths of the plurality of feeding slots corresponding to the scattering parameter curves that meet the preset transmission conditions as target lengths.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the offset of each of the multiple feeding slots is determined, including: based on the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, obtaining the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots; based on the second preset parameters and the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots, obtaining a fitting function for characterizing the relationship between the offset and the equivalent conductance; and inputting the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots into the fitting function, respectively, to output the offset of each of the multiple feeding slots.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots is obtained, including: obtaining the waveguide wavelength of the initial substrate integrated waveguide according to the first preset parameters; obtaining the phase difference of the electromagnetic waves between adjacent feeding slots according to the waveguide wavelength and the spacing between adjacent feeding slots; determining the frequency scanning angle and radiation efficiency of the target antenna according to the phase difference; and obtaining the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots within a predetermined range according to the frequency scanning angle and efficiency.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above method also includes: based on the operating frequency band of the target antenna, scanning and optimizing the metal patch size of multiple rectangular waveguides integrated with multiple target substrates, determining the length, width and window positions of the metal patch in the multiple target substrates integrated waveguides; designing multiple rectangular waveguides integrated with multiple target substrates according to the length, width and window positions of the metal patch in the multiple target substrates integrated waveguides.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above method also includes: obtaining the frequency scanning pattern of the target antenna based on the operating frequency of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides; determining the position information of the main lobe and the position information of the maximum side lobe from the frequency scanning pattern; determining the first gain from the pattern plane based on the position information of the main lobe at the target frequency scanning angle; determining the second gain from the pattern plane based on the position information of the maximum side lobe at the target frequency scanning angle; and determining the phase scanning angle of the target antenna when the difference between the first gain and the second gain meets a predetermined gain condition.

[0014] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a design device for a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide, comprising:

[0015] a first determining module, configured to determine an offset of each of the plurality of feeding slots based on first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and second preset parameters of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, wherein the offset represents a vertical distance of each feeding slot relative to a centerline of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the first preset parameters including the number, size parameters, and operating frequency of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, and the second preset parameters including initial size parameters of each of the plurality of feeding slots and a spacing between adjacent feeding slots;

[0016] an adjustment module, configured to adjust a second preset parameter according to the offsets of the plurality of feed slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide satisfies a preset transmission condition, thereby obtaining a target slot parameter, wherein the target slot parameter includes a target length of the plurality of feed slots;

[0017] a second determining module, configured to determine target arc parameters of the arc-shaped transition structure and respective heights of a plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction according to preset transmission conditions, so that adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the target antenna have different heights in the first direction;

[0018] The design module is used to design the target antenna according to the first preset parameters, the target arc parameters, the heights of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction, the offsets of the plurality of feed slots, and the target slot parameters.

[0019] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0020] one or more processors;

[0021] a memory for storing one or more programs,

[0022] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method as described above.

[0023] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method described above when executed.

[0024] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product comprising computer executable instructions, which are used to implement the method described above when the instructions are executed.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the offset of each of the multiple feeding slots is determined by the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots therein to optimize the antenna beam pointing, and then the second preset parameters are adjusted according to the offset to obtain the target lengths of the multiple feeding slots. Secondly, according to the preset transmission conditions, an arc transition structure with target arc parameters is selected instead of the right-angle transition structure to reduce transmission loss and avoid phase distortion, and separate adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna so that they have different heights in the first direction to ensure that the multi-channel target substrate integrated waveguides do not interfere with each other. Therefore, the processing of substrate integrated waveguide slots is more efficient and simpler than that of metal waveguides in related technologies. The target antenna is designed through the offset of multiple feeding slots, target slot parameters, target arc parameters and the heights of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction. It can use its inherent frequency to achieve frequency-controlled continuous beam scanning. At the same time, the array composed of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides can achieve continuous beam scanning in the phased dimension. The arc transition structure and the height of the target substrate integrated waveguide further improve the transmission efficiency of electromagnetic waves and the flexibility of layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0027] Figure 1 The application scenario diagram of the design method of the scanning antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0028] Figure 2 The flowchart of the design method of the substrate integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0029] Figure 3 The electric field distribution diagram of a single initial substrate integrated waveguide during fundamental mode transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic diagram schematically shows the distribution of feeding slots of a target slot waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an array composed of multiple target slot waveguides according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0032] Figure 6 The figure schematically shows a schematic diagram of separating adjacent feeding waveguides in the related art.

[0033] Figure 7 The figure schematically shows a right-angle transition structure in the related art.

[0034] Figure 8 The figure schematically shows a schematic diagram of separating two feeding waveguides according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 9 The electric field distribution diagram of the arc-shaped transition structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0036] Figure 10 The S21 parameter curve obtained by scanning the lengths of multiple feeding slots according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0037] Figure 11A The figure schematically shows a transition structure diagram of a rectangular waveguide and a feeding waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 11B The figure schematically shows the dimensions of a transition waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 12A The S11 parameter curve obtained by adopting the arc-shaped transition structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0040] Figure 12B The S21 parameter curve obtained by adopting the arc-shaped transition structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0041] Figure 13A A side view of a layer-changing structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0042] Figure 13B A simulation diagram of a layer-changing structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0043] Figure 14 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the target antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 15A Schematically shows Figure 14 S11 parameter curves of the shown structures.

[0045] Figure 15B Schematically shows Figure 14 S21 parameter curves of the shown structures.

[0046] Figure 16A A graph schematically shows how the gain of a target antenna varies with frequency sweep angle at different frequencies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 16B A graph schematically shows how the gain of the main lobe of a target antenna varies with the frequency sweep angle at different frequencies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 17A The three-dimensional side-view radiation pattern of the target antenna at 173 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0049] Figure 17B The three-dimensional front view radiation pattern of the target antenna at 173 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0050] Figure 18A The three-dimensional side-view radiation pattern of the target antenna at 185 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0051] Figure 18B The three-dimensional front view radiation pattern of the target antenna at 185 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0052] Figure 19A The three-dimensional side-view radiation pattern of the target antenna at 193 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0053] Figure 19B The three-dimensional front view radiation pattern of the target antenna at 193 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0054] Figure 20 A block diagram schematically shows a device for designing a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 21 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing a design method for a substrate integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the detailed description below, for ease of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it is apparent that one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0057] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise," "include," etc. used herein indicate the presence of the features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0058] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0059] When expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." are used, they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but is not limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.).

[0060] In the embodiments of this disclosure, the collection, updating, analysis, processing, use, transmission, provision, disclosure, and storage of all data involved (including, but not limited to, user personal information) comply with relevant laws and regulations, are used for legitimate purposes, and do not violate public order and good morals. In particular, necessary measures have been taken to prevent unauthorized access to user personal information data and maintain the security of user personal information and network security.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the user's authorization or consent is obtained before obtaining or collecting the user's personal information.

[0062] In the process of realizing the inventive concept of the present disclosure, the inventors discovered that:

[0063] In the terahertz frequency band, one approach to achieving electrically controlled beam scanning is to design multiple leaky-wave radiating structures, typically waveguide slots, along the transmission line. This allows electromagnetic waves to propagate through the leaky-wave radiating structures while simultaneously radiating through them. These structures are considered array antenna elements. Electromagnetic waves radiated from these structures coherently superimpose in space, forming an antenna pattern with a well-defined main beam direction. Once the physical position and dimensions of the leaky-wave radiating structures are determined, the direction of the main beam changes with changes in the frequency of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, resulting in the coherent superposition of the electromagnetic waves radiated from them. This enables frequency-controlled electrically controlled beam scanning.

[0064] To achieve continuous two-dimensional electrically controlled beam scanning, related technologies use slotted metal rectangular waveguides for frequency-controlled beam scanning in one dimension and multiple slotted waveguides to form a phased array in the other dimension. However, this approach limits the beam scanning angle of the antenna in the phased dimension to only 8 degrees. Furthermore, the slotted metal waveguide structure is typically machined, which presents challenges in manufacturing at terahertz frequencies.

[0065] In view of this, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a design method for a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide, comprising: determining an offset of each of the plurality of feeding slots based on a first preset parameter of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and a second preset parameter of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, wherein the offset represents a vertical distance of each feeding slot relative to a centerline of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the first preset parameter including the number, size parameter, and operating frequency of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, and the second preset parameter including the initial size parameter of each of the plurality of feeding slots and the spacing between adjacent feeding slots; and determining an offset of each of the plurality of feeding slots based on the offset of each of the plurality of feeding slots. The target slot parameters are adjusted according to the preset transmission conditions, and the target slot parameters are obtained, wherein the target slot parameters include target lengths of the multiple feeding slots. According to the preset transmission conditions, the target arc parameters of the arc transition structure and the respective heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction are determined, so that the heights of adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction are different. The target antenna is designed according to the first preset parameters, the target arc parameters, the respective heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction, the respective offsets of the multiple feeding slots, and the target slot parameters.

[0066] Figure 1 The following schematically illustrates an application scenario of a design method for a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 The examples shown are merely examples of system architectures to which the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied, to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present disclosure, but do not mean that the embodiments of the present disclosure may not be used in other devices, systems, environments or scenarios.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, the application scenario 100 according to this embodiment may include a first terminal device 101, a second terminal device 102, a third terminal device 103, a network 104, and a server 105. The network 104 is used as a medium for providing a communication link between the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, the third terminal device 103, and the server 105. The network 104 may include various connection types, such as wired and / or wireless communication links, etc.

[0068] A user may use a first terminal device 101, a second terminal device 102, or a third terminal device 103 to interact with a server 105 via a network 104 to receive or send messages, etc. Various communication client applications may be installed on the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, or the third terminal device 103, such as shopping applications, web browser applications, search applications, instant messaging tools, email clients, and / or social platform software (for example only).

[0069] The first terminal device 101 , the second terminal device 102 , and the third terminal device 103 may be various electronic devices having display screens and supporting web browsing, including but not limited to smart phones, tablet computers, laptop computers, desktop computers, and the like.

[0070] The server 105 may be a server that provides various services, such as a background management server (for example only) that supports websites browsed by users using the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103. The background management server may analyze and process received data such as user requests, and feed back processing results (e.g., web pages, information, or data obtained or generated based on user requests) to the terminal devices.

[0071] It should be noted that the design method for a substrate-integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can generally be executed by the server 105. Accordingly, the design device for a substrate-integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can generally be located in the server 105. The design method for a substrate-integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be executed by a server or server cluster that is different from the server 105 and that is capable of communicating with the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, the third terminal device 103, and / or the server 105. Accordingly, the design device for a substrate-integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can also be located in a server or server cluster that is different from the server 105 and that is capable of communicating with the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, the third terminal device 103, and / or the server 105. Alternatively, the design method for the substrate-integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be performed by the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, or the third terminal device 103, or may also be performed by a terminal device other than the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, or the third terminal device 103. Accordingly, the design apparatus for the substrate-integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be provided in the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, or the third terminal device 103, or may be provided in a terminal device other than the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, or the third terminal device 103.

[0072] It should be understood that Figure 1 The number of terminal devices, networks and servers in the embodiment is merely illustrative. Any number of terminal devices, networks and servers may be provided as required.

[0073] Figure 2 The flowchart of the design method of the substrate integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the method includes operations S210 to S240.

[0075] In operation S210, offsets of the plurality of feeding slots are determined based on first preset parameters of the initial SIC and second preset parameters of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial SIC.

[0076] In operation S220, the second preset parameters are adjusted according to the offsets of the plurality of feeding slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide meets the preset transmission conditions, thereby obtaining target slot parameters.

[0077] In operation S230, target arc parameters of the arc transition structure and respective heights of a plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction are determined according to preset transmission conditions, so that adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the target antenna have different heights in the first direction.

[0078] In operation S240, a target antenna is designed according to the first preset parameters, the target arc parameters, the heights of the target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction, the offsets of the feed slots, and the target slot parameters.

[0079] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the design of the target antenna can be regarded as first determining the offset and target slot parameters of the multiple feeding slots of the target slot waveguide in a single target substrate integrated waveguide based on the first preset parameters and the second preset parameters of the initial configuration of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, and then determining the target arc parameters in the arc transition structure and the height of the adjacent target substrate integrated waveguide in the first direction based on the preset transmission conditions to determine the layout of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides and their feeders.

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first preset parameters include the number, dimensional parameters, and operating frequency of the initial substrate-integrated waveguides. The offset represents the vertical distance of each feed slot relative to the centerline of the initial substrate-integrated waveguide. The second preset parameters include the initial dimensional parameters of the multiple feed slots in the slot waveguide in the initial substrate-integrated waveguide and the spacing between adjacent feed slots. The dimensional parameters of the initial substrate-integrated waveguide include width, thickness, diameter of metallized vias, and spacing.

[0081] For ease of simulation, the initial SIC can be treated as a dielectric-filled waveguide for initial settings of the first and second preset parameters. SICs are created by constructing a metallized via array and metal wall layer outside the dielectric material using a printed circuit board (PCB) process.

[0082] For example, combined with the PCB process, the operating frequency band can be set to 173GHz~193GHz, the corresponding vacuum wavelength is 1.734mm~1.554mm, the diameter of the metallized via can be 0.2mm, the spacing between the metallized vias can be 0.35mm, and the thickness of the dielectric material can be 0.254mm.

[0083] Figure 3 The electric field distribution diagram of a single initial substrate integrated waveguide during fundamental mode transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0084] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the electric field intensity color scale indicates that the electric field intensity in the initial substrate integrated waveguide 310 is highest along the centerline and gradually decreases away from the centerline, approaching zero near the metallized vias 311 on both sides of the centerline. This indicates that the metallized vias 311 exert a certain restraining effect on the electromagnetic field. Therefore, multiple feed slots can be alternately distributed longitudinally near the centerline to create the slots.

[0085] Figure 4 A schematic diagram schematically shows the distribution of feeding slots of a target slot waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0086] like Figure 4 As shown, two rows of feeding slots 411 are respectively located on both sides of a center line 410 ′ of the target slot waveguide 410 , and the vertical distance from the center line does not exceed the metallized via 412 .

[0087] After the distribution of the feeding slots is determined, the second preset parameters of the feeding slots may be initially configured.

[0088] Taking into account the width shrinkage effect of the metallized via on the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the equivalent width a_siw' of the initial substrate integrated waveguide can be calculated by the following formula (1).

[0089] (1)

[0090] Where a_siw represents the actual width of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, d represents the diameter of the metallized via, and s represents the spacing of the metallized vias. Taking into account the shrinkage effect of metallized vias on the equivalent width, It is a correction for the shrinkage effect.

[0091] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, it can be determined that the initial value of the spacing between adjacent feeding slots on the same side is the waveguide wavelength λ corresponding to the center frequency point. g The initial value of spacing can be obtained according to the following formula (2).

[0092] (2)

[0093] Where λ' represents the wavelength of the medium at the center frequency, λ'=λ / sqrt(ε), λ represents the vacuum wavelength, ε represents the dielectric constant of the medium material, and λ g Compared with λ', the shrinkage effect is taken into account.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the initial size parameters of each of the multiple feed slots include an initial width and an initial length. The initial width of the feed slot can be determined according to λ', and the initial length can be selected as 0.5λ. However, when 0.5λ is too large compared to spacing, the initial length needs to be adjusted to avoid overlap of the feed slots.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the configured first preset parameters and second preset parameters can be input into simulation software to obtain the offsets of the multiple feed slots according to the corresponding S11 (input return loss) curve and S21 (output return loss) curve.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to achieve higher radiation efficiency, the second preset parameter needs to be adjusted to obtain a target length of the feeding slot.

[0097] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an array composed of multiple target slot waveguides according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0098] like Figure 5 As shown, 8 Figure 4 Taking the target slot waveguide shown as an example, adjacent target slot waveguides share the same row of metallized vias. By setting different excitation phase differences for the ports of the eight target slot waveguides, beam scanning in the phase-controlled dimension, i.e., the xoz plane, can be achieved. Combined with the inherent frequency control beam scanning in the yoz plane of the target feed slot, the entire array can achieve two-dimensional electrically controlled beam scanning.

[0099] However, since the target substrate integrated waveguide, in addition to the target slot waveguide containing a feeding slot, also needs to connect a feeding waveguide without a slot at the other end of the target slot waveguide port and open a window in the feeding waveguide to vertically connect to the rectangular waveguide, this will cause adjacent feeding waveguides to interfere with each other. Therefore, it is necessary to consider separating the feeding waveguides of adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides.

[0100] Figure 6 The figure schematically shows a schematic diagram of separating adjacent feeding waveguides in the related art.

[0101] like Figure 6As shown, for ease of understanding, the target slot waveguide portion containing the feeding slot is not shown. The feeding waveguide 610 connected to the target slot waveguide is separated from the adjacent feeding waveguides by a right-angle transition structure 620, and the end of the feeding waveguide 610 is connected to the rectangular waveguide 630.

[0102] Figure 7 The figure schematically shows a right-angle transition structure in the related art.

[0103] like Figure 7 As shown, in an ideal situation, a tuning metal via 710 can be added to the right-angle transition structure 620 to suppress reflection caused by the right-angle corner and obtain a relatively small reflection coefficient. However, since the current metallized vias have a minimum diameter limited by the processing technology, it is difficult to obtain a smaller reflection coefficient by adding a tuning via.

[0104] In order to solve the problem of electromagnetic wave loss caused by the right-angle transition structure itself, the following Figure 8 The arcuate transition structure shown replaces the right-angle transition structure.

[0105] Figure 8 The figure schematically shows a schematic diagram of separating two feeding waveguides according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0106] like Figure 8 As shown, the feeding waveguide 610 connected to the target slot waveguide is separated into two feeding waveguides by an arc-shaped transition structure 810 .

[0107] Figure 9 The electric field distribution diagram of the arc-shaped transition structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0108] like Figure 9 As shown, the electric field distribution of the arc-shaped transition structure is uniform and the intensity changes smoothly, without abnormal concentration or mutation. It can be seen that the arc-shaped transition structure performs well in suppressing reflection and ensuring signal transmission stability.

[0109] Since the related art achieves a 90-degree right-angle turn by adding a resonant through hole, however, the metallized via hole on the substrate integrated waveguide of the embodiment of the present disclosure is already the minimum diameter achievable in the terahertz band, so it is difficult to add more resonant through holes.

[0110] In view of this, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a curved transition structure to achieve a 90-degree right-angle turn of a substrate integrated waveguide.

[0111] But for the case of more than 3 target substrate integrated waveguides, Figure 8The separation method shown will cause overlap between adjacent feeding waveguides, making separation difficult. Therefore, the heights of the feeding waveguides of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction (i.e., the z direction) can be designed so that the heights of adjacent feeding waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction (i.e., the z direction) are different, thereby achieving separation.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, after determining the first preset parameters, target arc parameters, the heights of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction and the offsets of multiple feeding slots, target slot parameters and other related parameters, the target antenna can be designed in combination with known parameters and actual needs.

[0113] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the offset of each of the multiple feeding slots is determined by the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots therein to optimize the antenna beam pointing, and then the second preset parameters are adjusted according to the offset to obtain the target lengths of the multiple feeding slots. Secondly, according to the preset transmission conditions, an arc transition structure with target arc parameters is selected instead of the right-angle transition structure to reduce transmission loss and avoid phase distortion, and separate adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna so that they have different heights in the first direction to ensure that the multi-channel target substrate integrated waveguides do not interfere with each other. Therefore, the processing of substrate integrated waveguide slots is more efficient and simpler than that of metal waveguides in related technologies. The target antenna is designed through the offset of multiple feeding slots, target slot parameters, target arc parameters and the heights of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction. It can use its inherent frequency to achieve frequency-controlled continuous beam scanning. At the same time, the array composed of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides can achieve continuous beam scanning in the phased dimension. The arc transition structure and the height of the target substrate integrated waveguide further improve the transmission efficiency of electromagnetic waves and the flexibility of layout.

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the offset of each of the multiple feeding slots is determined, including: based on the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, obtaining the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots; based on the second preset parameters and the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots, obtaining a fitting function for characterizing the relationship between the offset and the equivalent conductance; and inputting the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots into the fitting function, respectively, to output the offset of each of the multiple feeding slots.

[0115] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the multiple feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots is obtained, including: obtaining the waveguide wavelength of the initial substrate integrated waveguide according to the first preset parameters; obtaining the phase difference of the electromagnetic waves between adjacent feeding slots according to the waveguide wavelength and the spacing between adjacent feeding slots; determining the frequency scanning angle and radiation efficiency of the target antenna according to the phase difference; and obtaining the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots within a predetermined range according to the frequency scanning angle and efficiency.

[0116] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the waveguide wavelength λ can be obtained as shown in the above formula (2): g , the phase difference of electromagnetic waves between adjacent feeding slots It can be expressed as the following formula (3).

[0117] (3)

[0118] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the phase difference, the theoretical range θ of the frequency sweep angle of the target antenna can be determined according to the following formula (4): s .

[0119] (4)

[0120] To better understand the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following will be explained using an example where d = 0.2 mm, s = 0.35 mm, the dielectric material thickness is 0.254 mm, the center frequency is 183 GHz, and spacing = 0.65 mm. In this case, the frequency sweep angle range is approximately 0 degrees to 14 degrees. From formula (4), it can be seen that increasing the range can be achieved by reducing the spacing, but this will also reduce the radiation efficiency.

[0121] Taking the second preset parameters of the feed slot length L_slot=0.63mm and the feed slot width W_slot=0.1mm as an example, the transmission loss of the electromagnetic wave is first extracted, that is, the attenuation multiple q of the electromagnetic wave between adjacent feed slots is obtained to determine the radiation efficiency.

[0122] According to the graph of S21 changing with frequency output by the simulation software, for the center frequency of 183 GHz, S21=0.902. That is to say, when the working electromagnetic wave is 183 GHz, the voltage wave value after the electromagnetic wave is transmitted for 16.45 mm is only 0.902 times the voltage wave value before transmission, that is, the energy of the electromagnetic wave is 0.8136 times that before transmission. Taking spacing=0.65 mm as an example, it has passed 25.3 spacings.

[0123] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, each feeding slot needs to transmit power to an adjacent feeding slot with a loss attenuation factor q, and the following formula (6) can be obtained.

[0124] (6)

[0125] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the relationship between the attenuation factor q and the attenuation coefficient α can be expressed as the following equation (7).

[0126] (7)

[0127] Therefore, considering the frequency sweep angle range and radiation efficiency comprehensively, the number of feeding slots in a single target substrate integrated waveguide can be determined to be 50, and the radiation efficiency is set to 80%. The equivalent conductance g of the 50 feeding slots is shown in Table 1 below.

[0128] Table 1

[0129]

[0130] It can be seen from this that for all feed slots, the maximum value of g is less than 0.2. Theoretically, if the equivalent conductance exceeds 0.2 too much, the offset will also be larger, making the spacing between the feed slots on the left and right sides of the center line larger, making it difficult to approximate a straight line arrangement.

[0131] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the above-determined parameters can be used to perform offset scanning with 20 feed slots. The scanning range can be 0-0.15 mm, and the step size can be 0.01 mm. S11 and S21 corresponding to different offsets can be obtained, and the relationship between the equivalent conductance g and S11 and S21 can be obtained as shown in the following formula (8).

[0132] (8)

[0133] Wherein, n represents the number of feeding slots.

[0134] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the equivalent conductance g is normalized and fitted to obtain a fitting function for characterizing the relationship between the offset and the equivalent conductance. The equivalent conductance required for each feeding slot in Table 1 is input into the fitting function to obtain the offset of each of the multiple feeding slots shown in Table 2 below.

[0135] Table 2

[0136]

[0137] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by calculating the electromagnetic wave phase difference between adjacent feeding slots ( ), combined with the waveguide wavelength (λ g) and the spacing of adjacent feeding slots, the frequency sweep angle can be predicted. At the same time, by optimizing the offset, continuous, wide-angle beam scanning can be achieved, and the electromagnetic waves can be effectively radiated through the feeding slot to avoid excessive energy reflection loss.

[0138] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a second preset parameter is adjusted according to the respective offsets of the plurality of feeding slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide meets the preset transmission conditions, thereby obtaining target slot parameters, including: based on a waveguide model corresponding to the initial substrate integrated waveguide, using multiple sets of candidate slot parameters to scan the lengths of the plurality of feeding slots, and outputting multiple scattering parameter curves, wherein the waveguide model is constructed according to the first preset parameter and the respective offsets of the plurality of feeding slots; and determining the lengths of the plurality of feeding slots corresponding to the scattering parameter curves that meet the preset transmission conditions as target lengths.

[0139] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the previously determined number of feeding slots of 50, the length of the target slot waveguide is determined to be 52×spacing=33.8mm. Since the length value needs to be the distance of an integer number of metallized vias, and 33.8÷0.35=96.6, 97 metallized vias are selected, and there are 96 spacings between the 97 metallized vias, the length of the target slot waveguide is determined to be 96*0.35 = 33.6mm.

[0140] The waveguide model is constructed according to the first preset parameter and the second preset parameter determined above, and the length of the feed slot L_slot is scanned with a step size of 0.02 and a range of 0.55mm~0.63mm according to the waveguide model to obtain Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the scattering parameter curve shown.

[0141] Figure 10 The S21 parameter curve obtained by scanning the lengths of multiple feeding slots according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0142] like Figure 10 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency and the vertical axis represents S21. The candidate slot parameters include: L_slot1=0.55, L_slot2=0.57, L_slot3=0.59, L_slot4=0.61, and L_slot5=0.63. Comparing the S21 parameter curves corresponding to the five candidate slot parameters, it can be seen that when the length of each of the multiple feed slots is 0.59mm, the S21 is less than -9dB in the operating frequency band from 173GHz to 193GHz. Since the smaller the S21, the higher the radiation efficiency of the target antenna, 0.59mm can be determined as the target length under the current first and second preset parameters.

[0143] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by scanning the candidate slot parameters of the feed slot and using the S21 parameter curve, the candidate slot parameter with the minimum S21 within the working frequency band is determined as the target length, ensuring that the radiation efficiency of the target substrate integrated waveguide in the obtained target antenna is high and can meet the transmission conditions.

[0144] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the operating frequency band of the target antenna, the metal patch sizes of multiple metal feeding waveguides in the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides are scanned and optimized to determine the length, width and window positions of the metal patch in the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides; based on the length, width and window positions of the metal patch in the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides, multiple rectangular waveguides in the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides are designed.

[0145] Since the rectangular waveguide needs to be vertically connected to the feeding waveguide without slots to feed the electromagnetic waves into the target slot waveguide, the related technology adds additional structures, such as resonant through-holes, to reduce the reflection coefficient of the transition structure between the feeding waveguide and the rectangular waveguide to improve the radiation efficiency. However, due to the limitations of the processing technology, this method is difficult to apply to the terahertz frequency band.

[0146] Therefore, the present disclosure provides a transition structure that connects the feeding waveguide, and achieves a transition with higher radiation efficiency by opening a window at the connection between the transition structure and the rectangular waveguide and adding a metal patch at the window.

[0147] Figure 11A The figure schematically shows a transition structure diagram of a rectangular waveguide and a feeding waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0148] like Figure 11A As shown, the transition waveguide 1120 connected to the feeding waveguide 610 includes a metal patch 1121 corresponding to the window position, the rectangular waveguide 1110 is connected to the transition waveguide 1120 through the metal patch 1121, and the feeding waveguide 610 also includes a rectangular via 1122.

[0149] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the size of the metal patch 1121 and the size of the rectangular via 1122 need to be continuously optimized and determined through relevant simulation software.

[0150] Taking the above determined parameters as an example, the following Figure 11B The size of the metal patch 1121 and the size of the rectangular via 1122 are described.

[0151] Figure 11B The figure schematically shows the dimensions of a transition waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0152] like Figure 11BAs shown, the width patch_b of the metal patch can be 0.23 mm, the length patch_a of the metal patch can be 0.23 mm, the length of the rectangular window can be 1.26 mm, the width of the rectangular window can be 0.65 mm, the rectangular via is equal to the window and the width of the rectangular via can be 0.2 mm, and the distance between the rectangular window and the metallized via in the transition waveguide can be 0.12 mm, the diameter d of the metallized via in the feed waveguide can be 0.2 mm, and the spacing between two adjacent metallized vias can be 0.35 mm.

[0153] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, target arc parameters of an arc-shaped transition structure and respective heights of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in a target antenna in a first direction are determined based on preset transmission conditions, so that each pair of adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides has different heights in the first direction. The method includes: determining an inner arc radius and an outer arc radius of the arc-shaped transition structure based on the width of the target substrate integrated waveguide; scanning and optimizing multiple sets of candidate inner arc parameters and multiple sets of candidate outer arc parameters based on the inner arc radius and the outer arc radius of the arc-shaped transition structure to determine target outer arc parameters and target inner arc parameters, wherein the target outer arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the outer arc, and the target inner arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the inner arc; dividing the target substrate integrated waveguides into a first array and a second array according to the arrangement order of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides, and the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array and the second array are not adjacent to each other; determining the heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array in the first direction as a first height, and determining the heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array in the first direction as a second height, wherein the first height is less than the second height.

[0154] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the arc-shaped transition structure can correspond to a quarter of a circle. By scanning parameters using simulation software, in order to ensure that the width of the arc-shaped transition structure is consistent with the width of the target slot waveguide, the inner arc radius can be determined to be 1 mm and the outer arc radius to be 2 mm.

[0155] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the length l_arc of the inner arc in the arc-shaped transition structure can be obtained according to the following formula (9).

[0156] (9)

[0157] Where r represents the inner arc radius. As mentioned above, the spacing between adjacent plated vias needs to be greater than 0.35 mm, so five plated vias can be placed in the inner arc. Therefore, from the above formula (9), it can be seen that the spacing of the plated vias placed in the inner arc can be 0.39 mm.

[0158] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, based on a calculation method similar to that of (9) above, it can be obtained that the length L_arc of the outer arc in the arc-shaped transition structure is 3.14 mm, so 9 metallized through holes can be placed in the outer arc, and the spacing between adjacent metallized through holes can be 0.39 mm.

[0159] Figure 12A The S11 parameter curve obtained by adopting the arc-shaped transition structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0160] like Figure 12A As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents the S11 parameter. In the operating frequency range of 173 GHz to 193 GHz, the S11 value is basically less than -20 dB, indicating that the reflected echo energy accounts for less than 1 / 100 of the total energy.

[0161] Figure 12B The S21 parameter curve obtained by adopting the arc-shaped transition structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0162] like Figure 12B As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents the S21 parameter. Within the operating frequency range of 173 GHz to 193 GHz, the S21 value is greater than -0.6 dB, indicating that the energy transmitted from one port of the arc transition structure to the other port accounts for more than 87%.

[0163] It can be seen that the arc-shaped transition structure obtained by the above design has low electromagnetic wave reflection and little electromagnetic wave leakage from the gaps between the metallized through-holes, so that most of the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted without loss.

[0164] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, taking 8 target substrate integrated waveguides as an example, the 8 target substrate integrated waveguides are numbered in order of arrangement, wherein the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th target substrate integrated waveguides are not adjacent to each other and can be divided into the first array. At the same time, the 2nd, 4th, 6th, and 8th target substrate integrated waveguides are not adjacent to each other and can be divided into the second array.

[0165] As mentioned above, for the case of more than three target substrate integrated waveguides, separation is difficult to achieve only through an arc-shaped transition structure. Therefore, the first height of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array in the first direction and the second height of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array in the first direction can be set to separate adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides.

[0166] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the height of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in a first array in a first direction is determined as a first height, and the height of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in a second array in the first direction is determined as a second height, including: setting a layer-changing structure corresponding to the second array; through the layer-changing structure, the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array are maintained in a first plane and the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array are transferred to a second plane, wherein the height of the first plane relative to the first direction is the first height, and the height of the second plane relative to the first direction is the second height.

[0167] Figure 13A A side view of a layer-changing structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0168] like Figure 13A As shown, the layer-changing structure can be equivalent to multiple dielectric blocks, and the red arrow is used to indicate the direction of the target substrate integrated waveguide. Among them, the thickness h_sub1 of the first dielectric block 1310 is equal to the thickness of the target slot waveguide, both of which are 2×0.127=0.254mm, and the length s_sub1 of the first dielectric block 1310 can be 4 times the metallized via pitch. The thickness h_sub2 of the second dielectric block 1320 can be 3×0.127=0.381mm, and the length s_sub2 of the second dielectric block 1320 can be one metallized via pitch. The thickness h_sub3 of the third dielectric block 1330 can be 4×0.127= 0.508 mm, and the length s_sub3 of the third dielectric block 1330 can be equal to s_sub1. The thickness h_sub4 of the fourth dielectric block 1340 can be equal to the thickness h_sub2 of the second dielectric block 1320, and the length s_sub4 of the fourth dielectric block 1340 can be equal to s_sub2. The thickness h_sub5 of the fifth dielectric block 1350 can be equal to the thickness h_sub1 of the first dielectric block 1310, and the length s_sub5 of the fifth dielectric block 1350 can be equal to s_sub1. Therefore, the target substrate integrated waveguide can be shifted from the plane where the first dielectric block 1310 is located to the plane where the fifth dielectric block 1350 is located through the layer-swapping structure.

[0169] Figure 13B A simulation diagram of a layer-changing structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0170] like Figure 13B As shown, for convenience, only the first three sections of dielectric blocks are shown, and the fourth section of dielectric blocks and the fifth section of dielectric blocks are symmetrical to the first two sections of dielectric blocks.

[0171] Figure 14 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the target antenna according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0172] like Figure 14 As shown, taking four target substrate integrated waveguides as an example, for the first target substrate integrated waveguide 1410, the target slot waveguide 1411 is connected to the feeding waveguide 1412, and is connected to the transition waveguide 1414 through the arc-shaped transition structure 1413; for the fourth target substrate integrated waveguide 1440, the target slot waveguide 1441 is connected to the feeding waveguide 1442 through the layer-changing structure 1445, and is connected to the transition waveguide 1444 through the arc-shaped transition structure 1443; for the third target substrate integrated waveguide 1430, it is connected to the transition waveguide 1434 through a structure similar to that of the first target substrate integrated waveguide 1410; and for the second target substrate integrated waveguide 1420, it is connected to the transition waveguide 1424 through a structure similar to that of the fourth target substrate integrated waveguide 1440.

[0173] Figure 15A Schematically shows Figure 14 S11 parameter curves of the shown structures.

[0174] like Figure 15A As shown, the horizontal axis is frequency and the vertical axis is the S11 parameter. In the operating frequency band of 173GHz~193GHz, the S11 value is less than -22dB, that is, less than one percent of the energy is reflected.

[0175] Figure 15B Schematically shows Figure 14 S21 parameter curves of the shown structures.

[0176] like Figure 15B As shown, the horizontal axis is frequency and the vertical axis is the S21 parameter. In the operating frequency band of 173GHz~193GHz, the S21 value is greater than -25dB, that is, more than 94% of the electromagnetic waves are successfully transmitted.

[0177] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, in combination with the layer-changing structure and the arc-shaped transition structure, a plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides are divided into a first array and a second array, so that the target substrate integrated waveguides in the two arrays have different heights in the first direction, thereby realizing the separation of adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides, effectively isolating the electromagnetic wave signals between adjacent waveguides, ensuring that the electromagnetic waves of each waveguide can be transmitted independently and stably, reducing crosstalk between each other, and at the same time, helping to reduce space occupancy and improving system integration in the terahertz frequency band.

[0178] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above method also includes: obtaining the frequency scanning pattern of the target antenna based on the operating frequency of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides; determining the position information of the main lobe and the position information of the maximum side lobe from the frequency scanning pattern; determining the first gain from the pattern plane based on the position information of the main lobe at the target frequency scanning angle; determining the second gain from the pattern plane based on the position information of the maximum side lobe at the target frequency scanning angle; and determining the phase scanning angle of the target antenna when the difference between the first gain and the second gain meets a predetermined gain condition.

[0179] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the frequency sweep pattern of the target antenna may be a curve graph showing how the gain changes with the frequency sweep angle.

[0180] Figure 16A A graph schematically shows how the gain of a target antenna varies with frequency sweep angle at different frequencies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0181] Figure 16B A graph schematically shows how the gain of the main lobe of a target antenna varies with the frequency sweep angle at different frequencies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0182] like Figure 16A and Figure 16B As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the frequency sweep angle, and the vertical axis represents the gain. As the frequency Freq increases from 173 GHz to 193 GHz, the main beam pointing direction of the target antenna in the yoz plane gradually sweeps from -13.6 degrees to -1.9 degrees, close to the theoretically calculated result of 0 degrees to -14 degrees. The error stems from the theoretical calculation assuming the feed slots are arranged in a straight line and treated as point sources. At the operating frequency of 193 GHz, the gain difference between the main and side lobes is minimal, at 13.8507 dB.

[0183] Figure 17A The diagram schematically shows a three-dimensional directional polar coordinate diagram of a target antenna at 173 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0184] Figure 17B The figure schematically shows a three-dimensional directional pseudo-color image of a target antenna at 173 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0185] like Figure 17A and Figure 17B As shown in the figure, red indicates the main lobe area with higher gain, and green indicates the side lobe area. At 173 GHz, the main beam direction is significantly tilted compared to the normal (centerline) direction.

[0186] Figure 18A The diagram schematically shows a three-dimensional directional polar coordinate diagram of a target antenna at 185 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0187] Figure 18B The figure schematically shows a three-dimensional directional pseudo-color image of a target antenna at 185 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0188] like Figure 18A and Figure 18B As shown in the figure, red indicates the main lobe area with higher gain, and green indicates the side lobe area. At 185 GHz, the main beam direction is closer to the center line (normal) than the main beam direction at 173 GHz.

[0189] Figure 19A The diagram schematically shows a three-dimensional directional polar coordinate diagram of a target antenna at 193 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0190] Figure 19B The figure schematically shows a three-dimensional directional pseudo-color image of a target antenna at 193 GHz according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0191] like Figure 19A and Figure 19B As shown in the figure, red indicates the main lobe area with higher gain, and green indicates the side lobe area. At 193 GHz, the main beam direction is closer to the center line (normal) than the main beam directions at 173 GHz and 185 GHz.

[0192] It can be seen that as the frequency increases, the main beam direction of the frequency sweep dimension gets closer and closer to the center line (normal).

[0193] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the target antenna realizes scanning in the phase dimension by setting the excitation phase difference of each target substrate integrated waveguide. Different scanning angles correspond to different excitation phase differences. According to the simulation results of relevant simulation software, the excitation phase differences corresponding to opposite scanning angles are also opposite to each other.

[0194] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first gain represents the gain at the main beam position, and the second gain represents the gain at the maximum side lobe position.

[0195] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a phase scan of -10 degrees is performed from 173 GHz to 193 GHz with a step size of 5 GHz. The obtained data of the first gain and the second gain can be expressed as shown in Table 3 below.

[0196] Table 3

[0197]

[0198] It can be seen that the difference between the first gain and the second gain reaches 12dB at a phase sweep of -10 degrees.

[0199] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a phase scan of 10 degrees is performed from 173 GHz to 193 GHz with a step size of 5 GHz. The obtained data of the first gain and the second gain can be expressed as shown in Table 4 below.

[0200] Table 4

[0201]

[0202] It can be seen that the difference between the first gain and the second gain reaches 12dB at a phase sweep of 10 degrees.

[0203] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a phase scan of -10 degrees to 10 degrees is performed from 173 GHz to 193 GHz with a step size of 5 GHz. The obtained data of the first gain and the second gain can be expressed as shown in Table 5 below.

[0204] Table 5

[0205]

[0206] It can be seen that the difference between the first gain and the second gain reaches 12 dB at all five phase sweep angles.

[0207] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the excitation phase difference of each target substrate integrated waveguide can be adjusted according to the difference between the first gain and the second gain, so as to determine the phase scan angle.

[0208] Figure 20 A block diagram schematically shows a device for designing a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0209] like Figure 20 As shown, the apparatus 2000 includes a first determination module 2010 , an adjustment module 2020 , a second determination module 2030 and a design module 2040 .

[0210] The first determination module 2010 is configured to determine an offset of each of the plurality of feed slots based on first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and second preset parameters of the plurality of feed slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, wherein the offset represents a vertical distance of each feed slot relative to a centerline of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the first preset parameters including the number, size parameters, and operating frequency of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, and the second preset parameters including initial size parameters of each of the plurality of feed slots and a spacing between adjacent feed slots.

[0211] The adjustment module 2020 is configured to adjust the second preset parameters according to the offsets of the plurality of feed slots until the initial SIB meets the preset transmission conditions, thereby obtaining target slot parameters, wherein the target slot parameters include target lengths of the plurality of feed slots.

[0212] The second determination module 2030 is used to determine the target arc parameters of the arc transition structure and the respective heights of multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction according to preset transmission conditions, so that the heights of adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction are different.

[0213] The design module 2040 is configured to design a target antenna according to the offsets of the plurality of feed slots, target slot parameters, target arc parameters, and the heights of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction.

[0214] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first determining module 2010 includes a first obtaining submodule, a second obtaining submodule, and a third obtaining submodule.

[0215] The first obtaining submodule is used to obtain the equivalent conductance of each of the multiple feeding slots based on the first preset parameter of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameter of each of the multiple feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide.

[0216] The second obtaining submodule is used to obtain a fitting function for characterizing the relationship between the offset and the equivalent conductance according to respective second preset parameters and equivalent conductances of the plurality of feeding slots.

[0217] The third obtaining submodule is used to input the equivalent conductances of the multiple feeding slots into the fitting function respectively, and output the offsets of the multiple feeding slots respectively.

[0218] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the adjustment module 2020 includes a scanning submodule and a determination submodule.

[0219] A scanning submodule is configured to scan the lengths of a plurality of feed slots using a plurality of sets of candidate slot parameters based on a waveguide model corresponding to an initial substrate-integrated waveguide, and output a plurality of scattering parameter curves, wherein the waveguide model is constructed based on first preset parameters and respective offsets of the plurality of feed slots.

[0220] The determination submodule is used to determine the lengths of multiple feeding slots corresponding to the scattering parameter curves that meet the preset transmission conditions as target lengths.

[0221] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second determining module 2030 includes a first determining submodule, a second determining submodule, a dividing submodule, and a third determining submodule.

[0222] The first determining submodule is used to determine the inner arc diameter and the outer arc diameter of the arc-shaped transition structure according to the width of the target substrate integrated waveguide.

[0223] The second determination submodule is used to scan and optimize multiple groups of candidate inner arc parameters and multiple groups of candidate outer arc parameters based on the inner arc diameter and outer arc diameter of the arc-shaped transition structure to determine target outer arc parameters and target inner arc parameters, wherein the target outer arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the outer arc, and the target inner arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the inner arc.

[0224] The dividing submodule is used to divide the target substrate integrated waveguides into a first array and a second array according to the arrangement order of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides, and the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array and the second array are not adjacent to each other.

[0225] The third determining submodule is used to determine the height of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array in the first direction as a first height, and determine the height of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array in the first direction as a second height, wherein the first height is less than the second height.

[0226] According to the embodiments of the present invention, any number of modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units, or at least part of the functions of any number of them, can be implemented in one module. According to the embodiments of the present invention, any one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units can be split into multiple modules for implementation. According to the embodiments of the present invention, any one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented by hardware or firmware in any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit, or can be implemented in any one of the three implementation methods of software, hardware, and firmware, or in any appropriate combination of any of them. Alternatively, according to the embodiments of the present invention, one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which can perform the corresponding functions when the computer program module is executed.

[0227] For example, any number of the first determination module 2010, the adjustment module 2020, the second determination module 2030, and the design module 2040 can be combined into a single module / unit / sub-unit, or any one of these modules / units / sub-units can be split into multiple modules / units / sub-units. Alternatively, at least part of the functionality of one or more of these modules / units / sub-units can be combined with at least part of the functionality of other modules / units / sub-units and implemented in a single module / unit / sub-unit. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the first determination module 2010, the adjustment module 2020, the second determination module 2030, and the design module 2040 can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented in hardware or firmware by any other reasonable means of integrating or packaging circuits, or can be implemented in any one of the three implementation methods of software, hardware, and firmware, or any appropriate combination of any of these. Alternatively, at least one of the first determination module 2010 , the adjustment module 2020 , the second determination module 2030 and the design module 2040 may be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which may perform corresponding functions when executed.

[0228] It should be noted that the design device part of the scanning antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide in the embodiment of the present disclosure corresponds to the design method part of the scanning antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The description of the design device part of the scanning antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide specifically refers to the design method part of the scanning antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide, which will not be repeated here.

[0229] Figure 21 A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing a design method for a substrate integrated waveguide-based scanning antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0230] Figure 21 The electronic device shown is only an example and should not limit the functions and scope of use of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0231] like Figure 21As shown, the electronic device 2100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a processor 2101, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 2102 or a program loaded from a storage portion 2108 into a random access memory (RAM) 2103. The processor 2101 may include, for example, a general-purpose microprocessor (e.g., a CPU), an instruction set processor and / or a related chipset and / or a special-purpose microprocessor (e.g., an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), etc. The processor 2101 may also include onboard memory for caching purposes. The processor 2101 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0232] Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 2100 are stored in the RAM 2103. The processor 2101, the ROM 2102, and the RAM 2103 are connected to each other via a bus 2104. The processor 2101 executes the various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs in the ROM 2102 and / or the RAM 2103. It should be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than the ROM 2102 and the RAM 2103. The processor 2101 may also execute the various operations of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs stored in the one or more memories.

[0233] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, electronic device 2100 may further include an input / output (I / O) interface 2107, which is also connected to bus 2104. Electronic device 2100 may also include one or more of the following components connected to I / O interface 2107: an input section 2106 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 2107 including devices such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), and speakers; a storage section 2108 including a hard disk; and a communication section 2109 including a network interface card such as a LAN card or modem. Communication section 2109 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 2110 is also connected to I / O interface 2107 as needed. Removable media 2111, such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed in drive 2110 as needed, so that computer programs read from the removable media can be installed into storage section 2108 as needed.

[0234] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes a program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from the network through the communication part 2109, and / or installed from the removable medium 2111. When the computer program is executed by the processor 2101, the above-mentioned functions defined in the system of the embodiment of the present disclosure are executed. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system, equipment, device, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by a computer program module.

[0235] The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments, or may exist independently and not be incorporated into the device / apparatus / system. The computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, and when executed, implements the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0236] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. Examples include, but are not limited to, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0237] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may include the ROM 2102 and / or the RAM 2103 described above and / or one or more memories other than the ROM 2102 and the RAM 2103 .

[0238] An embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and the computer program contains program code for executing the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. When the computer program product runs on an electronic device, the program code is used to enable the electronic device to implement the design method of the scanning antenna based on the substrate integrated waveguide provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0239] When the computer program is executed by the processor 2101, the above functions defined in the system / device of the embodiment of the present disclosure are performed. According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the system, device, module, unit, etc. described above can be implemented by a computer program module.

[0240] In one embodiment, the computer program may be stored on a tangible storage medium such as an optical storage device or a magnetic storage device. In another embodiment, the computer program may be transmitted and distributed in the form of a signal on a network medium, downloaded and installed via the communication portion 2109, and / or installed from a removable medium 2111. The program code contained in the computer program may be transmitted using any appropriate network medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0241] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the program code for executing the computer program provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computer programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. Programming languages include, but are not limited to, languages such as Java, C++, Python, "C" or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving a remote computing device, the remote computing device can be connected to the user computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or can be connected to an external computing device (for example, using an Internet service provider to connect via the Internet).

[0242] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, program segment, or part of the code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the boxes can also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flowchart, as well as the combination of boxes in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present disclosure. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present disclosure, the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined and / or coupled in various ways, and all of these combinations and / or couplings fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0243] The above describes the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although each embodiment has been described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be advantageously used in combination. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make various substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A design method for a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide, characterized in that: include: Determining, based on first preset parameters of an initial substrate integrated waveguide and second preset parameters of a plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, an offset of each of the plurality of feeding slots, wherein the offset represents a vertical distance of each feeding slot relative to a centerline of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the first preset parameters including the number, size parameters, and operating frequency of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, and the second preset parameters including initial size parameters of each of the plurality of feeding slots and a spacing between adjacent feeding slots; Adjusting the second preset parameters according to the offsets of the plurality of feed slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide meets preset transmission conditions, thereby obtaining target slot parameters, wherein the target slot parameters include target lengths of the plurality of feed slots; determining target arc parameters of the arc-shaped transition structure and respective heights of a plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in a target antenna in a first direction according to the preset transmission conditions, so that adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the target antenna have different heights in the first direction; The target antenna is designed according to the first preset parameters, the target arc parameters, the heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction, the offsets of the multiple feeding slots, and the target slot parameters.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of determining target arc parameters of the arc-shaped transition structure and respective heights of a plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction according to the preset transmission condition, so that each pair of adjacent target substrate integrated waveguides has different heights in the first direction, comprises: Determining an inner arc radius and an outer arc radius of the arc-shaped transition structure according to a width of the target substrate integrated waveguide; Based on the inner arc radius and the outer arc radius of the arc-shaped transition structure, scanning and optimizing multiple sets of candidate inner arc parameters and multiple sets of candidate outer arc parameters to determine the target outer arc parameters and the target inner arc parameters, wherein the target outer arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the outer arc, and the target inner arc parameters include the number and spacing of through holes placed in the inner arc; Dividing the target substrate integrated waveguides into a first array and a second array according to an arrangement order of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides, wherein the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array and the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array are not adjacent to each other; The heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array in the first direction are determined as a first height, and the heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array in the first direction are determined as a second height, wherein the first height is smaller than the second height.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Determining the heights of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array in the first direction as a first height, and determining the heights of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array in the first direction as a second height, comprises: Setting a layer-changing structure corresponding to the second array; Through the layer-changing structure, the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first array are maintained in a first plane and the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the second array are transferred to a second plane, wherein the height of the first plane relative to the first direction is a first height, and the height of the second plane relative to the first direction is a second height.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of adjusting the second preset parameter according to the offsets of the plurality of feeding slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide meets a preset transmission condition to obtain a target slot parameter includes: Based on a waveguide model corresponding to the initial substrate-integrated waveguide, scanning the lengths of the plurality of feed slots using a plurality of sets of candidate slot parameters to output a plurality of scattering parameter curves, wherein the waveguide model is constructed based on the first preset parameters and the offsets of the plurality of feed slots; The lengths of the plurality of feeding slots corresponding to the scattering parameter curves that meet the preset transmission condition are determined as the target lengths.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The determining of the offset of each of the plurality of feeding slots based on the first preset parameter of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameter of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide comprises: Obtaining an equivalent conductance of each of the plurality of feeding slots based on a first preset parameter of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and a second preset parameter of each of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide; Obtaining a fitting function for characterizing the relationship between the offset and the equivalent conductance according to the second preset parameters and the equivalent conductance of each of the plurality of feeding slots; The equivalent conductances of the plurality of feeding slots are input into the fitting function respectively, and the offsets of the plurality of feeding slots are output.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The obtaining of the equivalent conductance of each of the plurality of feeding slots based on the first preset parameter of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and the second preset parameters of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide comprises: Obtaining a waveguide wavelength of the initial substrate integrated waveguide according to the first preset parameters; Obtaining a phase difference of electromagnetic waves between adjacent feeding slots according to the waveguide wavelength and the spacing between adjacent feeding slots; determining the frequency sweep angle and radiation efficiency of the target antenna according to the phase difference; According to the frequency sweep angle and the efficiency, the equivalent conductance of each of the plurality of feeding slots within a predetermined range is obtained.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Based on the operating frequency band of the target antenna, scanning and optimizing the size of the metal patch of the multiple metal feeding waveguides in the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides to determine the length and width of the metal patch and the window positions in the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides; The plurality of rectangular waveguides corresponding to the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides are designed according to the length and width of the metal patch and the window positions in the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: Obtaining a frequency sweep pattern of the target antenna based on the operating frequencies of the plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides; Determining the position information of the main lobe and the position information of the maximum side lobe from the frequency sweep pattern; determining a first gain in the pattern plane according to position information of the main lobe at a target frequency sweep angle; determining a second gain in the directional pattern plane according to position information of the maximum sidelobe at the target frequency sweep angle; When the difference between the first gain and the second gain satisfies the predetermined gain condition, the phase scan angle of the target antenna is determined.

9. A design device for a scanning antenna based on a substrate integrated waveguide, characterized in that: include: a first determining module, configured to determine an offset of each of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide based on first preset parameters of the initial substrate integrated waveguide and second preset parameters of the plurality of feeding slots in the initial substrate integrated waveguide, wherein the offset represents a vertical distance of each feeding slot relative to a centerline of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, the first preset parameters including the number, size parameters, and operating frequency of the initial substrate integrated waveguide, and the second preset parameters including initial size parameters of each of the plurality of feeding slots and a spacing between adjacent feeding slots; an adjustment module, configured to adjust the second preset parameters according to the offsets of the plurality of feed slots until the initial substrate integrated waveguide meets a preset transmission condition, thereby obtaining target slot parameters, wherein the target slot parameters include target lengths of the plurality of feed slots; a second determining module, configured to determine, based on the preset transmission condition, target arc parameters of the arc-shaped transition structure and respective heights of a plurality of target substrate integrated waveguides in the target antenna in the first direction, so that adjacent target integrated substrate waveguides in the target antenna have different heights in the first direction; A design module is used to design the target antenna according to the first preset parameters, the target arc parameters, the heights of the multiple target substrate integrated waveguides in the first direction, the offsets of the multiple feeding slots, and the target slot parameters.

10. An electronic device comprising: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more programs, When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are enabled to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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