High-power multi-band wave beam waveguide antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna, and belongs to the field of electronic information antenna design. Two plane mirrors are arranged in front of an antenna real focus to form three antenna focuses, a set of feed source network is placed on the antenna real focus, two sets of feed source networks are placed on two virtual focuses of a mirror image antenna, and work of the corresponding feed source networks is achieved by switching the positions of the plane mirrors. According to the design method, the antenna structure size is more compact, the larger design freedom degree is obtained, the high-power, multi-band, high-gain and low-sidelobe beam waveguide antenna can be designed, the design method is an important breakthrough of an existing beam waveguide antenna design method, and the design method is suitable for a system with space limitation and has a wide application prospect. The method can be used for manufacturing high-power, multi-band, high-performance and beam waveguide antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna in the field of electronic information antennas, which can be applied to high-power, high-gain, multi-band, low-noise and low-sidelobe antenna systems in the fields of radar, communication, measurement and control, radio astronomy, etc. Background Art

[0002] Beam waveguide antenna is a typical high-gain, high-power, multi-band antenna form, and has a wide range of applications in the field of deep space exploration with various caliber antennas.

[0003] Because the required beam waveguide antenna operates with multiple feed networks, including those with different operating frequency bands, those with high-power transmit-only, and those with receive-only, and because the beam waveguide antenna must be compact, multiple feed networks are deployed to reduce feeder transmission paths and the number of reflectors to achieve multi-band transmit and receive signal coverage. Beam waveguide antennas are double-reflector antennas. Since the antenna has only one focal point for placing a feed network, a reasonable and feasible feeding system must be designed to ensure the proper operation of the multiple transmit and receive feed networks. The rationality of the feed switching scheme determines the complexity of the antenna structure and also affects the antenna's electrical performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problem of high-power, multi-band transmit and receive feed operation in a beam waveguide dual-reflector antenna. It provides a high-power, multi-band beam waveguide antenna. This antenna achieves a time-sharing operation mode for the beam waveguide antenna's planar reflector multi-band feed, without interfering with other feeds.

[0005] The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

[0006] A high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna includes multiple feed networks and a plane reflector;

[0007] There is at least one plane reflector, and each plane reflector is located in front of the antenna focus; the antenna beam is focused at the real focus of the antenna after passing through the main reflector and the secondary reflector, or the antenna beam is refracted by the plane reflector after passing through the main reflector and the radiation reflector and reaches the virtual focus of the antenna;

[0008] The feed network is located at the virtual focus of the antenna or the real focus of the antenna.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a main reflecting surface and a sub-reflecting surface; the main reflecting surface and the sub-reflecting surface are modified Cassegrain type, and adopt double-tapered distribution as the aperture field distribution function.

[0010] Furthermore, a shaped Cassegrain reflector antenna is used, with a main reflector diameter of 30m, a sub-reflector diameter of 4m, an antenna focal ratio of 0.253, a half-angle of 89° from the edge of the main reflector to the focus of the main reflector, and a half-angle of 11° from the edge of the sub-reflector to the phase center of the feed source.

[0011] Furthermore, a beam waveguide feeding form is adopted, and the feeding is a single mirror method.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a moving mechanism for driving the plane reflecting mirror to move in translation.

[0013] Furthermore, the types of the moving structure include but are not limited to: a cylinder and a ball screw.

[0014] Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. The present invention retains the advantages of the reflector antenna, high gain, and low sidelobe characteristics, adds two plane reflectors, obtains the virtual focus of the two antennas, and realizes the multi-band feed network working function.

[0016] 2. The present invention adopts a beam waveguide feeding form, which improves the multi-band feed network's ability to withstand high power and reduces transmission loss.

[0017] 3. The antenna of the present invention can cover three frequency bands and has the characteristics of high efficiency, low side lobe, high power and small axial ratio.

[0018] 4. The present invention can also be extended to various frequency bands according to needs to achieve multi-band, high-gain, low-sidelobe high-performance shaping design.

[0019] In summary, the present invention is ingeniously conceived, and the common-aperture antenna has the design performance of multi-band, high power, high gain, and low sidelobe, which is an important breakthrough in the existing technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working mode structure of the middle feed source A;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working mode structure of the medium feed source B

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working mode structure of the medium feed source C.

[0025] In the figure: 1. Feed source C, 2. Plane reflector A, 3. Feed source B, 4. Feed source A, 5. Plane reflector C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0027] A design process for a beam waveguide high-power multi-band radar antenna includes the following steps:

[0028] S1: Determine the antenna form and aperture size based on antenna gain, profile, operating frequency band, power, and other requirements, shape and design the reflector curve, and then use a shaped Cassegrain reflector antenna based on the antenna form requirements.

[0029] S2, using double tapered distribution as the aperture field distribution function, taking antenna gain and first sidelobe as optimization targets, optimizes the shaped Cassegrain double reflector antenna;

[0030] S3, considering the high power and low loss transmission characteristics, adopts the beam waveguide feeding form;

[0031] S4 uses plane mirror switching to achieve switching between multi-frequency feed networks.

[0032] In steps S1 and S2, a shaped Cassegrain reflector antenna is used, with a primary reflector diameter of 30 m and a secondary reflector diameter of 4 m. The antenna focal ratio is 0.253, and the half-angle of the primary reflector edge to the primary focus is 89°. The half-angle of the secondary reflector edge to the feed phase center is 11°.

[0033] Among them, in step S3, a beam waveguide feeding form is adopted, and the feeding is a single mirror method, which has small feeding loss, high antenna gain, small site area and short transmission path.

[0034] Among them, in step S4, the focus of the antenna is shifted at different positions by the reflection principle of the plane reflector, and different frequency band feed networks are placed at different positions. By switching the plane reflector, time-sharing operation between different feed networks is achieved.

[0035] Among them, the specific method of step S4 is: place a set of feed networks at the real focus of the antenna, set two plane reflectors in front of the real focus of the antenna, place two sets of feed networks at the two virtual focuses of the mirror antenna, and realize the operation of the feed network at the corresponding antenna focus by switching the position of the plane reflector.

[0036] Among them, the beam waveguide high-power multi-band radar antenna is characterized in that two plane mirrors are set to form three antenna focuses (one real focus and two virtual focuses), and a set of feed sources is placed on each focus.

[0037] The following is a more specific embodiment:

[0038] This embodiment first determines the antenna shaping card form, the feeder form as a beam waveguide, the antenna aperture size, the feed network layout design, etc. based on the design performance requirements of multi-band, high power, high gain, and low sidelobe of the common aperture antenna.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the design of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0040] The present invention is mainly composed of an antenna main reflector, a sub-reflector, a beam waveguide system and three sets of feed networks.

[0041] Based on technical requirements, antenna design includes the selection of the aperture field distribution function, determination of electrical parameters, and shaping of the primary and secondary reflectors. To achieve excellent performance such as high efficiency, low sidelobes, and low reflection loss, a shaped Cassegrain antenna is used.

[0042] The main and secondary reflectors of the antenna are of modified Cassegrain type. The aperture field distribution function determines the aperture efficiency and antenna sidelobes of the antenna, and the antenna sidelobes directly affect the noise temperature. The present invention adopts a double-tapered distribution as the aperture field distribution function.

[0043] Based on the antenna gain and structural dimensions, the diameter of the main reflector is determined to be 30m. The diameter of the secondary reflector is 4m. The antenna focal ratio is 0.253, and the feed source illumination angle is 11°.

[0044] In accordance with the requirement that the antenna can withstand high power, the present invention adopts a beam waveguide feeding system.

[0045] According to the multi-band requirements of the antenna, a plane mirror is constructed in the beam waveguide feeding system to realize the time-sharing transmission and reception of the multi-band feed network. The axial symmetry of the beam is used to realize azimuth and elevation rotation, which can realize the direct connection of high-power power amplifier and low-temperature refrigeration with the feed source, reduce the feed line insertion loss, and improve the system.

[0046] like Figure 1 A high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna is shown, which includes a main reflector, a sub-reflector, a feed source A, a feed source B, a feed source C, a plane reflector A, and a plane reflector C.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, feed source A works in working mode.

[0048] The spatial electromagnetic wave signal is reflected from the main surface to the secondary surface, then reflected from the secondary surface to the plane reflector A, and then reflected from the plane reflector A to the feed source A. Similarly, the transmission signal flow is opposite to it.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, feed source B works in working mode.

[0050] The spatial electromagnetic wave signal is reflected from the main surface to the sub-surface, and then reflected from the sub-surface to the feed source B. Similarly, the transmission signal flow is the opposite.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, feed source C works in working mode.

[0052] The spatial electromagnetic wave signal is reflected from the primary surface to the secondary surface, then from the secondary surface to the plane mirror C, and then from the plane mirror C to the feed source C. Similarly, the transmission signal flow is the opposite. The feed network is switched by switching the plane mirrors; the plane mirror is moved by a translation mechanism. The types of translation mechanisms include cylinders: the plane mirror is mounted on the cylinder's moving rod, or a ball screw, and the plane mirror is mounted on the nut. The translation mechanism is not the focus of this invention. There are many ways to achieve the displacement of the plane mirror, and this patent will not elaborate on it.

[0053] The method of the present invention is conducive to the installation of large-scale multi-band feed networks, breaks the traditional multi-mirror design method of beam waveguide antennas, makes the antenna structure more compact, obtains greater design freedom, and can design high-power, multi-band, high-gain, and low-sidelobe beam waveguide antennas. It is an important breakthrough in existing antenna design methods, is suitable for systems with space constraints, and can be used for the manufacture of high-power, multi-band, high-performance, beam waveguide antennas.

[0054] It should be understood that the above description of the specific implementation methods of this patent is merely an exemplary description listed to facilitate ordinary technicians in this field to understand the patent solution, and does not imply that the scope of protection of this patent is limited to these individual examples. Ordinary technicians in this field can fully understand the technical solution of this patent and, without any creative work, obtain more specific implementation methods by combining technical features, replacing some technical features, adding more technical features, etc. to the examples listed in this patent. All these specific implementation methods are within the scope of the claims of this patent. Therefore, these new specific implementation methods should also be within the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims

1. A high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna, comprising a plurality of feed networks, characterized in that: Also included are plane reflectors; There is at least one plane reflector, and each plane reflector is located in front of the antenna focus; the antenna beam is focused at the real focus of the antenna after passing through the main reflector and the secondary reflector, or the antenna beam is refracted by the plane reflector after passing through the main reflector and the radiation reflector and reaches the virtual focus of the antenna; The feed network is located at the virtual focus of the antenna or the real focus of the antenna.

2. The high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a main reflecting surface and a sub-reflecting surface; the main reflecting surface and the sub-reflecting surface are modified Cassegrain type, and adopt double-tapered distribution as the aperture field distribution function.

3. The high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: A shaped Cassegrain reflector antenna is used, with a main reflector diameter of 30m, a sub-reflector diameter of 4m, an antenna focal ratio of 0.253, a half-angle of 89° from the edge of the main reflector to the focus of the main reflector, and a half-angle of 11° from the edge of the sub-reflector to the phase center of the feed source.

4. The high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The beam waveguide feeding form is adopted, and the feeding is a single mirror method.

5. The high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a moving mechanism for driving the plane reflecting mirror to translate.

6. The high-power multi-band beam waveguide antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that ,The types of the moving structure include but are not limited to : cylinders.

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