A distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal

Abstract

This invention discloses a distributed photovoltaic (PV) intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, relating to the field of distributed PV intelligent operation and maintenance terminal technology. It includes a terminal body, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a communication unit, and a power supply unit. The terminal body is surrounded by an outer shell mechanism, which includes a housing. Two sets of rectangular tubes are fixed to the outer wall of the housing. Each rectangular tube has a rectangular strip inside. An L-shaped block is provided between the inside of the first card hole in each set and the inside of one of the second card holes in each set. By setting up the outer shell mechanism, this invention allows for expansion of the distributed PV intelligent operation and maintenance terminal during later technical upgrades and functional expansions, eliminating the need to replace the entire terminal. This significantly reduces operation and maintenance costs, avoids power plant maintenance interruptions, and ultimately improves the efficiency of the distributed PV intelligent operation and maintenance terminal.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminals, and particularly relates to a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. BACKGROUND

[0002] Distributed photovoltaic power generation is a power generation mode in which small photovoltaic power generation devices are installed near users, such as industrial and commercial building roofs and residential buildings.

[0003] With the continuous expansion of the scale and the continuous increase in the number of distributed photovoltaic projects, the traditional operation and maintenance mode will be difficult to grasp the operation state of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time. However, in order to realize efficient management and operation and maintenance of the distributed photovoltaic power station, ensure power generation stability, reduce operation and maintenance costs and improve power generation efficiency, the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal will be equipped in the photovoltaic power station.

[0004] However, the existing distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal has the following disadvantages:

[0005] The entire shell structure of the existing distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is fixed and cannot be expanded in space. With the continuous iteration of technology, new monitoring technologies and communication standards will be continuously introduced. At this time, the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal without expansion performance will not be able to meet the special needs of different power stations, such as adding components to expand functions and adding components to upgrade technologies, so that the entire distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal has to be replaced, which will greatly increase the operation and maintenance cost and even cause the operation and maintenance of the power station to be interrupted, thereby affecting the power generation income.

[0006] Therefore, a new distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is provided to solve the problems in the background technology. SUMMARY

[0007] The application aims to provide a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal. The shell mechanism is arranged, so that the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal can be expanded in space when the technology is upgraded and the function is expanded in the later period, so that the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal does not need to be replaced as a whole, thereby greatly reducing the operation and maintenance cost and avoiding the interruption of the operation and maintenance of the power station, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme: a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, comprising a terminal body, a data acquisition unit, a data processing and analysis unit, a communication unit and a power supply unit, the terminal body is used for intelligently monitoring the distributed photovoltaic power generation system, a shell mechanism is arranged on the periphery of the terminal body, and the shell mechanism can be expanded in space according to needs.

[0009] The shell mechanism comprises a shell, two groups of rectangular tubes are fixed to the outer wall of the shell, a shell cover is arranged on the top of the shell, a rectangular strip is arranged in each of the rectangular tubes, a U-shaped block is fixed between the tops of a plurality of the rectangular strips, the U-shaped block is used to drive the shell cover to move, first clamping holes are arranged between the inner walls of each of the rectangular tubes, two first clamping holes on each of the rectangular tubes form a group, two second clamping holes are arranged on each of the rectangular strips, two second clamping holes on each of the rectangular strips form a group, an L-shaped block is arranged between the interior of each group of the first clamping holes and the interior of one of the second clamping holes in each group, the L-shaped block, the first clamping hole and the second clamping hole are used to fix the rectangular strip after the rectangular strip moves in the rectangular tube, and a moving frame is fixed between a plurality of the L-shaped blocks.

[0010] Preferably, the shell cover and the U-shaped block are fixedly connected, a U-shaped groove is arranged on the top of the shell, a main U-shaped plate is movably sleeved in the interior of the U-shaped groove, the top of the main U-shaped plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the shell cover, and the moving frame is fixed on the shell through a hand screw.

[0011] Preferably, an auxiliary U-shaped plate is fixed to the inner wall of the shell cover, the outer surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate is in contact with the inner wall of the shell, an auxiliary plate is fixed to the edge of the inner wall of the shell cover, and the surface of the auxiliary plate is in contact with the inner wall of the shell.

[0012] Preferably, a perforated plate is arranged between the opening of the shell and the opening of the shell cover, the surface of the perforated plate is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary plate, and a perforated plate is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the shell cover.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the auxiliary plate is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate, and the auxiliary plate, the auxiliary U-shaped plate and the main U-shaped plate are used to fill the gap between the shell cover, the shell and the perforated plate after the expansion space is filled.

[0014] Preferably, the terminal body comprises a processor, a human-computer interaction assembly, a switch button and a mounting plate, the processor is arranged on the mounting plate, the human-computer interaction assembly and the switch button are arranged on the perforated plate, the bottom of the mounting plate is in contact with the bottom of the inner wall of the shell, the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the perforated plate, the clamping end of the mounting plate is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the shell, and a wireless antenna is arranged on the processor.

[0015] Preferably, the data acquisition unit is used for collecting state data of a distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, and the data acquisition unit comprises a data input module, a signal conditioning module, a signal acquisition card module and a data cache module.

[0016] The data input module is used for receiving data transmitted by a sensor.

[0017] The signal conditioning module is used for amplifying and signal level processing of the received sensor signals;

[0018] The signal acquisition card module is used for converting the conditioned analog signals into digital signals, collecting data at a certain sampling frequency and sampling accuracy, and storing the collected data in the data buffer module;

[0019] The data buffer module is used for storing the collected data.

[0020] Preferably, the data processing and analysis unit is used for comprehensively analyzing the data collected by the data collection unit, and the data processing and analysis unit comprises a data preprocessing module, a data analysis algorithm module, a data storage module and a decision support module;

[0021] The data preprocessing module is used for removing noise and filling missing values from the original data;

[0022] The data analysis algorithm module is used for deeply analyzing the preprocessed data;

[0023] The data storage module is used for storing the processed data and analysis results;

[0024] The decision support module is used for generating operation and maintenance decision suggestions according to the data analysis results.

[0025] Preferably, the communication unit is used for receiving the report and early warning information transmitted by the data processing and analysis unit, and transmitting the report and early warning information to the remote monitoring center responsible for receiving through wired or wireless networks, and the communication unit comprises a communication protocol processing module and a wireless communication module;

[0026] The communication protocol processing module is used for processing different communication protocols to enable correct encapsulation and analysis of data;

[0027] The wireless communication module and the wireless antenna are used for wireless data transmission with the remote monitoring center.

[0028] Preferably, the power supply unit is used for providing stable power supply for each unit, and the power supply unit comprises a power conversion module and a power monitoring module;

[0029] The power conversion module is used for converting commercial power into direct current voltage required by each unit;

[0030] The power monitoring module is used for monitoring the output voltage and current parameters of the power supply in real time, and timely alarming when an abnormality occurs.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0032] 1、The present application through the setting shell mechanism, can let distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal in the later period, technical upgrading and expansion function, can be shell expansion operation, thereby not need to replace the whole distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, in turn, greatly reduce the operation and maintenance cost, also avoid power station operation and maintenance interruption, in turn, improve the use efficiency of distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, when needing to expand the shell space of distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, at this time, first take off the hand screw, then utilize the cooperation of the moving frame and all L-shaped blocks, i.e. the rectangular bar can be moved inside the rectangular tube, then utilize the cooperation of the shell cover and U-shaped block, i.e. all rectangular bars, main U-shaped plate, auxiliary U-shaped plate, multi-hole plate and auxiliary plate can be moved simultaneously, when the inside of each group of first clamping holes is connected with the inside of corresponding another group of second clamping holes, at this time, utilize the cooperation of all first clamping holes, all second clamping holes, all L-shaped blocks, hand screw and moving frame, i.e. the moved rectangular bar can be fixed, at this time, the inside space of the shell of distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is expanded.

[0033] 2、The present application through the setting man-machine interaction assembly, wireless antenna, data acquisition unit, data processing and analysis unit, communication unit and the cooperation of various sensors prepared, can carry out intelligent monitoring to distributed photovoltaic power generation system, and the results obtained after analysis and processing are transmitted to the monitoring center wirelessly, when needing to master the running state of distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, at this time, utilize the cooperation of data input module, i.e. the collected analog signals can be collected, then utilize the cooperation of signal conditioning module, i.e. weak signals can be amplified and signal level adjusted, then utilize the cooperation of signal acquisition card module, i.e. analog signals can be converted into digital signals, then utilize the cooperation of data cache module, i.e. the transmitted data can be temporarily stored.

[0034] 3、The present application then utilizes the cooperation of data preprocessing module, i.e. the data can be executed to remove noise and fill missing value, then utilizes the cooperation of data analysis algorithm module, i.e. whether the data is normal can be judged, at the same time, through analyzing historical data, the future power generation efficiency and equipment operation trend of distributed photovoltaic power station can be predicted, finally utilizes the cooperation of decision support module, i.e. responsible for generating operation and maintenance decision suggestion according to data analysis result, at the same time, utilizes the cooperation of communication protocol processing module, wireless communication module and wireless antenna, i.e. the transmitted operation and maintenance decision suggestion and other key data can be encapsulated and modulated signal format, and transmitted wirelessly to the remote monitoring center. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a stereogram of the present application when the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is not expanded.

[0036] Figure 2 is another perspective view of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application when not expanded;

[0037] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the shell mechanism part of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application when not expanded;

[0038] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application when expanded; Figure 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the structure at A in the above figure;

[0039] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application when expanded;

[0040] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application when expanded;

[0041] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application from a top angle;

[0042] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the shell cover, U-shaped block, rectangular strip, auxiliary plate and multi-hole plate of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application;

[0043] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the shell mechanism part of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application;

[0044] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the processor, mounting plate, wireless antenna and hole plate of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application;

[0045] Figure 11 is a perspective view of the U-shaped block, rectangular strip and second clamping hole of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application;

[0046] Figure 12 is a flow chart of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal of the present application;

[0047] In the figure: 1, terminal body; 101, processor; 102, human-computer interaction assembly; 103, switch button; 104, mounting plate; 105, wireless antenna; 2, shell mechanism; 201, shell; 202, rectangular tube; 203, shell cover; 204, U-shaped block; 205, rectangular bar; 206, U-shaped groove; 207, main U-shaped plate; 208, first clamping hole; 209, second clamping hole; 210, L-shaped block; 211, moving frame; 212, auxiliary U-shaped plate; 213, auxiliary plate; 214, perforated plate; 215, multi-hole plate; 3, data acquisition unit; 301, data input module; 302, signal conditioning module; 303, signal acquisition card module; 304, data cache module; 4, data processing and analysis unit; 401, data preprocessing module; 402, data analysis algorithm module; 403, data storage module; 404, decision support module; 5, communication unit; 501, communication protocol processing module; 502, wireless communication module; 6, power supply unit; 601, power conversion module; 602, power monitoring module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0049] Embodiment one: please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 5-7 , Figure 10 and Figure 12As shown, the present application provides a technical scheme: a distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, comprising a terminal body 1, a data acquisition unit 3, a data processing and analysis unit 4, a communication unit 5 and a power supply unit 6, the terminal body 1 is used for intelligent monitoring of the distributed photovoltaic power generation system, the terminal body 1 comprises a processor 101, a man-machine interaction assembly 102, a switch button 103 and a mounting plate 104, the processor 101 is installed on the mounting plate 104, a wireless antenna 105 is installed on the processor 101, the data acquisition unit 3 is used for real-time collection of state data of the distributed photovoltaic power station, the data acquisition unit 3 comprises a data input module 301, a signal conditioning module 302, a signal acquisition card module 303 and a data cache module 304, the data input module 301 is used for receiving data transmitted by a sensor, the signal conditioning module 302 is used for amplifying and signal level processing of the received sensor signal, the signal acquisition card module 303 is used for converting the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal, and collecting data according to a certain sampling frequency and sampling accuracy, and storing the collected data in the data cache module 304, the data cache module 304 is used for storing the collected data, the data processing and analysis unit 4 is used for comprehensive analysis of the data collected by the data acquisition unit 3, the data processing and analysis unit 4 comprises a data preprocessing module 401, a data analysis algorithm module 402, a data storage module 403 and a decision support module 404, the data preprocessing module 401 is used for removing noise and filling missing value operation of original data, the data analysis algorithm module 402 is used for deep analysis of the preprocessed data, the data storage module 403 is used for storing the processed data and analysis results, and the decision support module 404 is used for generating operation and maintenance decision suggestions according to the data analysis results, the communication unit 5 is used for receiving reports and warning information transmitted by the data processing and analysis unit 4, and transmitting the reports and warning information to a remote monitoring center responsible for receiving through a wired network or a wireless network, the communication unit 5 comprises a communication protocol processing module 501 and a wireless communication module 502, the communication protocol processing module 501 is used for processing different communication protocols to enable correct encapsulation and analysis of data, and the wireless communication module 502 and the wireless antenna 105 are used for wireless data transmission with the remote monitoring center, the power supply unit 6 is used for providing stable power supply for each unit, the power supply unit 6 comprises a power conversion module 601 and a power supply monitoring module 602, the power conversion module 601 is used for converting commercial power into direct current voltage required by each unit, and the power supply monitoring module 602 is used for real-time monitoring of output voltage and current parameters of the power supply, and timely alarm when an exception occurs.

[0050] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to grasp the running state of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, at this time, the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is started directly by using the cooperation of the man-machine interaction assembly 102 and the processor 101, at this time, the data input module 301 will receive the collected analog signals, and transmit the received analog signals directly to the signal conditioning module 302, then the signal conditioning module 302 receiving the analog signals will amplify the weak signals to a suitable range and adjust the signal level, so that the signal reaches the standard suitable for subsequent processing, then the conditioned analog signals will be transmitted to the signal acquisition card module 303 by the signal conditioning module 302, after that, the signal acquisition card module 303 will convert the analog signals into digital signals based on the analog-digital conversion technology and according to the preset sampling frequency and accuracy, and then transmit them to the data buffer module 304 for temporary storage, then the data in the data buffer module 304 will be transmitted to the data preprocessing module 401, finally, the data preprocessing module 401 will perform operations such as removing noise and filling missing values on the data, when the data completes the preprocessing operation, at this time, the data after the preprocessing operation will be transmitted to the data analysis algorithm module 402, then the data analysis algorithm module 402 will judge whether the data is normal, if abnormal, it will directly send an alarm instruction to the alarm module of the man-machine interaction assembly, so that the alarm module sends an alarm to remind the operation and maintenance personnel, at the same time, by analyzing the historical data, the future power generation efficiency and equipment operation trend of the distributed photovoltaic power station can be predicted, then part of the result data after analysis will be transmitted to the data storage module 403 for storage, and the other part will be transmitted to the decision support module 404, after that, the decision support module 404 will generate operation and maintenance decision suggestions according to the data analysis results, operation and maintenance rules and experience models, then the decision support module 404 will transmit the data to the display module of the artificial interaction assembly 102 and display it on it for the operation and maintenance personnel to observe intuitively, at the same time, the decision support module 404 will also transmit the data to the communication protocol processing module 501, then the communication protocol processing module 501 will protocol encapsulate the operation and maintenance decision suggestions and other key data transmitted, and deliver the encapsulated data to the wireless communication module 502, finally, the wireless communication module 502 will modulate the data into a signal format suitable for wireless transmission, and transmit it to the remote monitoring center through the wireless antenna 105 for wireless long-distance transmission, at the same time, the power supply monitoring module 602 will also monitor the output voltage, current and other parameters of the power supply in real time, and when an abnormality occurs, it will send an alarm instruction and disconnect to the alarm module of the man-machine interaction assembly 102 in time, so that the alarm module sends an alarm to remind the operation and maintenance personnel.

[0051] Embodiment two: according to Figures 1-11As shown, the terminal body 1 is provided with a shell mechanism 2, which can be expanded in space as needed, the shell mechanism 2 comprises a shell 201, the outer wall of the shell 201 is fixed with two groups of rectangular tubes 202, the top of the shell 201 is placed with a shell cover 203, the inside of each rectangular tube 202 is provided with a rectangular strip 205, the top of a plurality of rectangular strips 205 is fixed with a U-shaped block 204, the U-shaped block 204 is used to drive the shell cover 203 to move, the inner wall of each rectangular tube 202 is provided with a first clamping hole 208 on both sides, and the two first clamping holes 208 on each rectangular tube 202 are a group, each rectangular strip 205 is provided with two second clamping holes 209, and the two second clamping holes 209 on each rectangular strip 205 are a group, and the inside of each group of first clamping holes 208 and the inside of each group of second clamping holes 209 are provided with an L-shaped block 210, the L-shaped block 210, the first clamping hole 208 and the second clamping hole 209 are used to fix the rectangular strip 205 after moving in the rectangular tube 202, a plurality of L-shaped blocks 210 are fixed between the moving frame 211, the shell cover 203 and the U-shaped block 204 are fixedly connected, the top of the shell 201 is provided with a U-shaped groove 206, the inside of the U-shaped groove 206 is movably sleeved with a main U-shaped plate 207, the top of the main U-shaped plate 207 and the bottom of the shell cover 203 are fixedly connected, the moving frame 211 is fixed on the shell 201 by hand screw, the inner wall of the shell cover 203 is fixed with an auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, the outer surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212 is in contact with the inner wall of the shell 201, the inner wall edge of the shell cover 203 is fixed with an auxiliary plate 213, the surface of the auxiliary plate 213 is in contact with the inner wall of the shell 201, a perforated plate 214 is installed between the opening of the shell 201 and the opening of the shell cover 203, the surface of the perforated plate 214 is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary plate 213, the inner wall top of the shell cover 203 is fixed with a perforated plate 215, the surface of the auxiliary plate 213 is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, the auxiliary plate 213, the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212 and the main U-shaped plate 207 are used to fill the gap between the shell cover 203, the shell 201 and the perforated plate 214 after expanding the space, the terminal body 1 comprises a processor 101, a man-machine interaction assembly 102, a switch button 103 and a mounting plate 104, the man-machine interaction assembly 102 and the switch button 103 are installed on the perforated plate 214, the bottom of the mounting plate 104 is in contact with the inner wall bottom of the shell 201, the mounting plate 104 is fixedly connected with the perforated plate 214, and the clamping end of the mounting plate 104 is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the shell 201.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the shell space of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal needs to be expanded, the screws between the hole plate 214 and the shell cover 203 are removed first, then the hand screws fixing the moving frame 211 are removed, and then the moving frame 211 is moved. At this time, the moving moving frame 211 will drive all the L-shaped blocks 210 connected thereto to move. When the clamping end of each L-shaped block 210 is respectively removed from the inside of the corresponding set of first clamping holes 208 and the inside of the corresponding set of one of the second clamping holes 209, the moving of the moving frame 211 is stopped. Then the shell cover 203 is moved upward. At this time, the moving shell cover 203 will drive all the rectangular strips 205 connected thereto to move vertically upward under the cooperation of the U-shaped block 204 and all the rectangular tubes 202 connected thereto. At the same time, the moving shell cover 203 will also drive the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, the main U-shaped plate 207 and the auxiliary plate 213 connected thereto to move. When the inside of each set of first clamping holes 208 is respectively communicated with the inside of the corresponding set of another second clamping hole 209, the moving of the shell cover 203 is stopped. Then the moving frame 211 is moved again to reset all the L-shaped blocks 210. The moved rectangular strips 205 are fixed, that is, the moved shell cover 203 is fixed. At this time, the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203 and the hole plate 214 will be expanded to the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203, the hole plate 214, the main U-shaped plate 207, the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212 and the auxiliary plate 213. Then the hole plate 214 is removed, the components to be added are installed on the multi-hole plate 215, and then the hole plate 214 is installed back to the original position. At the same time, the hole plate 214 and the auxiliary plate 213 (the auxiliary plate 213 has a screw groove adapted to the screw in advance) are fixed together with screws. At this time, the operation and maintenance personnel do not need to replace the whole distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal when adding components to upgrade and expand the terminal, thereby reducing the operation and maintenance cost, and avoiding the interruption of power station operation and maintenance and affecting the power generation benefit.

[0053] The effect and working principle of the whole mechanism are:

[0054] In the preparation stage, the processor 101, the human-computer interaction assembly 102 and the switch button 103 are connected through the electrical connection specification, then the switch button 103 is connected with the mains through the power line, then the switch button 103 is pressed, at this time the mains will be converted into stable voltage and current suitable for each unit and the human-computer interaction assembly 102 through the cooperation of the power conversion module 601, to provide reliable power supply for the whole intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, realize the start of the intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, then set up various parameter thresholds, specific data analysis algorithms, sampling frequency and accuracy by using the input device module of the human-computer interaction assembly 102, then connect all kinds of sensors (voltage sensor, current sensor, light intensity sensor, temperature sensor, etc.) monitoring the distributed photovoltaic power station with the processor 101 of the intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, then connect the intelligent operation and maintenance terminal with the monitoring equipment in the remote monitoring center through the wireless antenna 105;

[0055] In the operation and maintenance stage, when it is necessary to grasp the running state of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal is started directly by using the cooperation of the man-machine interaction assembly 102 and the processor 101 at this time. The data input module 301 will receive the collected analog signals at this time, and transmit the received analog signals directly to the signal conditioning module 302. The signal conditioning module 302 receiving the analog signals will amplify the weak signals to a suitable range and adjust the signal level, so that the signals reach the standard suitable for subsequent processing. Then the conditioned analog signals will be transmitted to the signal acquisition card module 303 by the signal conditioning module 302. After that, the signal acquisition card module 303 will convert the analog signals into digital signals based on the analog-digital conversion technology and according to the sampling frequency and accuracy set in advance, and then transmit the digital signals to the data buffer module 304 for temporary storage. After that, the data in the data buffer module 304 will be transmitted to the data preprocessing module 401. Finally, the data preprocessing module 401 will perform operations such as removing noise (using the median filtering algorithm to remove random noise in the data) and filling missing values (using the interpolation method to fill missing data caused by sensor failure) on the data. When the data preprocessing operation is completed, the data after the preprocessing operation will be transmitted to the data analysis algorithm module 402. Then the data analysis algorithm module 402 will use the threshold judgment algorithm to compare the collected voltage, current and other data with the threshold set in advance to determine whether the data is normal. If an abnormality occurs, an alarm instruction will be sent to the alarm module of the man-machine interaction assembly, the alarm module will issue an alarm, and the operation and maintenance personnel will be reminded. At the same time, the trend analysis algorithm is used to analyze historical data (stored in the data storage module 403, which will be accumulated to form a historical database over time) to predict the future power generation efficiency and equipment operation trend of the distributed photovoltaic power station. Then part of the result data after the analysis will be transmitted to the data storage module 403 for storage (to facilitate data query and traceability for operation and maintenance personnel), and the other part will be transmitted to the decision support module 404. After that, the decision support module 404 will generate operation and maintenance decision suggestions according to the data analysis results, operation and maintenance rules and experience models. Then the decision support module 404 will transmit the data to the display module of the artificial interaction assembly 102, and display the data on the display module for the operation and maintenance personnel to observe intuitively. At the same time, the decision support module 404 will also transmit the data to the communication protocol processing module 501. After that, the communication protocol processing module 501 will protocol package the operation and maintenance decision suggestions and other key data (power station operation data) transmitted, and deliver the packaged data to the wireless communication module 502. Finally, the wireless communication module 502 will modulate the data into a signal format suitable for wireless transmission, and transmit the data to the remote monitoring center through the wireless antenna 105 in a wireless and long-distance manner. At the same time, the power supply monitoring module 602 will also monitor the output voltage, current and other parameters of the power supply in real time, and will send an alarm instruction and disconnect to the alarm module of the man-machine interaction assembly 102 when an abnormality occurs.Let the alarm module send an alarm to remind the operation and maintenance personnel.

[0056] When the shell space of the distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal needs to be expanded, first remove the screws between the perforated plate 214 and the shell cover 203, then remove the hand screws that fix the moving frame 211, then move the moving frame 211, which will move all the L-shaped blocks 210 connected to it. When the clamping end of each L-shaped block 210 moves out of the corresponding set of first clamping holes 208 and the corresponding set of one of the second clamping holes 209, stop moving the moving frame 211. Then move the shell cover 203 upwards. The moving shell cover 203 will move all the rectangular strips 205 connected to it vertically upwards under the cooperation of the U-shaped block 204 and all the rectangular tubes 202. At the same time, the moving shell cover 203 will also move the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, the main U-shaped plate 207, and the auxiliary plate 213. When the inner part of each set of first clamping holes 208 is connected to the inner part of the corresponding set of another second clamping hole 209, stop moving the shell cover 203. Then move the moving frame 211 again to reset all the L-shaped blocks 210. Fix the moved rectangular strips 205 to fix the moved shell cover 203. At this time, the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203, and the perforated plate 214 will be expanded to the space composed of the shell 201, the shell cover 203, the perforated plate 214, the main U-shaped plate 207, the auxiliary U-shaped plate 212, and the auxiliary plate 213. Then remove the perforated plate 214 and install the components to be added on the perforated plate 215. Then install the perforated plate 214 back to its original position and fix it with the auxiliary plate 213 (the auxiliary plate 213 has a screw groove adapted to the screw) with screws. At this time, the operation and maintenance personnel do not need to replace the entire distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal when adding components to upgrade and expand it.

[0057] The human-computer interaction assembly 102 is composed of an alarm module, an input device module, and a display module. The alarm module is used to send an alarm reminder. The input device module is used for operation and maintenance personnel to query data or set various parameters. The display module is used to display data for the operation and maintenance personnel to observe intuitively.

[0058] Threshold judgment algorithm: the collected data is X, the lower limit threshold is T min , and the upper limit threshold is T max . The threshold judgment algorithm can be expressed by the following logical expression:

[0059] Abnormal, if X≤T min or X≥T max

[0060] Normal, if T min ≤X≤T max .

[0061] Median filter algorithm: assuming the data sequence is x(n), n=0, 1,..., N-1, the window length of median filter is L (L is generally odd), then the median filter algorithm formula is as follows:

[0062] Where med{} represents the median of the data in the brackets, y(n) is the output data sequence after median filtering.

[0063] Trend analysis algorithm: the collected data sequence is {x1, x2,...x n}, the corresponding time sequence is {t1, t2,..., t n}, a straight line y=at+b is fitted by the least square method, where

[0064]

[0065] Where the collected data sequence {x1, x2,...x n} and the corresponding time sequence {t1, t2,..., t n} are collected in real time by the data acquisition unit 3.

[0066] Linear interpolation method: given two data points (x0, y0) and (x1, y1), to estimate the missing value y at x (x0

[0067]

[0068] Where the processor 101, the human-computer interaction assembly 102, the switch button 103, the wireless antenna 105, the data acquisition unit 3, the data input module 301, the signal conditioning module 302, the signal acquisition card module 303, the data cache module 304, the data processing and analysis unit 4, the data preprocessing module 401, the data analysis algorithm module 402, the data storage module 403, the decision support module 404, the communication unit 5, the communication protocol processing module 501, the wireless communication module 502, the power supply unit 6, the power conversion module 601 and the power supply monitoring module 602 are all prior art, and their models can be selected according to actual conditions, and will not be explained here.

[0069] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements to part of the technical features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal, comprising a terminal body (1), a data acquisition unit (3), a data processing and analysis unit (4), a communication unit (5) and a power supply unit (6), characterized in that: The terminal body (1) is used for intelligent monitoring of a distributed photovoltaic power generation system, and the terminal body (1) is provided with a shell mechanism (2) outside, which can be expanded in space as required. The shell mechanism (2) comprises a shell (201), the outer wall of the shell (201) is fixed with two groups of rectangular tubes (202), the top of the shell (201) is provided with a shell cover (203), the inside of each rectangular tube (202) is provided with a rectangular strip (205), a plurality of top portions of the rectangular strips (205) are fixed with a U-shaped block (204), the U-shaped block (204) is used for driving the shell cover (203) to move, the inner walls of each rectangular tube (202) are provided with first clamping holes (208), the two first clamping holes (208) on each rectangular tube (202) form a group, each rectangular strip (205) is provided with two second clamping holes (209), the two second clamping holes (209) on each rectangular strip (205) form a group, the inside of each group of first clamping holes (208) and the inside of one of each group of second clamping holes (209) are provided with an L-shaped block (210), the L-shaped block (210), the first clamping hole (208) and the second clamping hole (209) are used for fixing the rectangular strip (205) after moving in the rectangular tube (202), a plurality of L-shaped blocks (210) are fixed with a moving frame (211), the shell cover (203) and the U-shaped block (204) are fixedly connected, the top of the shell (201) is provided with a U-shaped groove (206), the inside of the U-shaped groove (206) is movably sleeved with a main U-shaped plate (207), the top of the main U-shaped plate (207) and the bottom of the shell cover (203) are fixedly connected, the moving frame (211) is fixed on the shell (201) through hand screwing, the inner wall of the shell cover (203) is fixed with an auxiliary U-shaped plate (212), the outer surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate (212) is in contact with the inner wall of the shell (201), the inner wall edge of the shell cover (203) is fixed with an auxiliary plate (213), the surface of the auxiliary plate (213) is in contact with the inner wall of the shell (201), the opening of the shell (201) and the opening of the shell cover (203) are provided with a perforated plate (214), the surface of the perforated plate (214) is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary plate (213), the inner wall top of the shell cover (203) is fixed with a perforated plate (215), the surface of the auxiliary plate (213) is in contact with the surface of the auxiliary U-shaped plate (212), the auxiliary plate (213), the auxiliary U-shaped plate (212) and the main U-shaped plate (207) are used for filling the gaps between the shell cover (203), the shell (201) and the perforated plate (214) after expanding the space.

2. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terminal body (1) comprises a processor (101), a human-computer interaction assembly (102), a switch button (103) and a mounting plate (104), the processor (101) is installed on the mounting plate (104), the human-computer interaction assembly (102) and the switch button (103) are both installed on the perforated plate (214), the bottom of the mounting plate (104) is in contact with the inner wall bottom of the shell (201), the mounting plate (104) is fixedly connected with the perforated plate (214), the clamping end of the mounting plate (104) is slidably embedded in the inner wall of the shell (201), and the processor (101) is additionally provided with a wireless antenna (105).

3. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition unit (3) is used for collecting the state data of the distributed photovoltaic power station in real time, and comprises a data input module (301), a signal conditioning module (302), a signal acquisition card module (303) and a data cache module (304). The data input module (301) is used for receiving the data transmitted by the sensor. The signal conditioning module (302) is used for amplifying and signal level processing the received sensor signal. The signal acquisition card module (303) is used for converting the conditioned analog signal into a digital signal, collecting data at a certain sampling frequency and sampling accuracy, and storing the collected data in the data cache module (304). The data cache module (304) is used for storing the collected data.

4. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing and analysis unit (4) is used for comprehensively analyzing the data collected by the data acquisition unit (3), and comprises a data preprocessing module (401), a data analysis algorithm module (402), a data storage module (403) and a decision support module (404). The data preprocessing module (401) is used for removing noise and filling missing values from the original data. The data analysis algorithm module (402) is used for deeply analyzing the preprocessed data. The data storage module (403) is used for storing the processed data and analysis results. The decision support module (404) is used for generating operation and maintenance decision suggestions according to the data analysis results.

5. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication unit (5) is used for receiving the report and early warning information transmitted by the data processing and analysis unit (4) and transmitting them to the remote monitoring center responsible for receiving through a wired network or a wireless network, and comprises a communication protocol processing module (501) and a wireless communication module (502). The communication protocol processing module (501) is used for processing different communication protocols to enable correct encapsulation and analysis of data. The wireless communication module (502) and the wireless antenna (105) are used for wirelessly transmitting data to the remote monitoring center.

6. The distributed photovoltaic intelligent operation and maintenance terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply unit (6) is used for providing stable power supply for each unit, and comprises a power conversion module (601) and a power monitoring module (602). The power conversion module (601) is used for converting the mains into the direct current voltage required by each unit. The power monitoring module (602) is used for monitoring output voltage and current parameters of the power supply in real time, and timely alarming when abnormality occurs.

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