Universal 12-lead electrocardiosignal acquisition module

Abstract

The invention discloses a 12-lead electrocardiosignal acquisition universal module, which relates to the technical field of electrocardiograph detection and comprises a signal conditioning acquisition module, an analog filter module, a main controller module, a power management module, a 12-lead electrocardiosignal pin, an inter-board communication pin and a power pin. A human body electrocardiosignal is transmitted to the analog filter module through the 12-lead electrocardiosignal pin; the filtered signals are transmitted to the signal conditioning and collecting module and are converted into digital signals which are transmitted to the main controller module; the main controller module transmits data to external equipment through an inter-board communication pin, and configures parameters of the signal conditioning acquisition module and the analog filter module based on an instruction issued by the external equipment; the power supply pin is connected with electric energy, and the power supply management module supplies power to each module. The module has the characteristics of high integration, adjustable parameters and interference resistance, and is directly welded to a user development board through a stamp hole pin process, so that standardized rapid integration is realized, and the development cycle of 12-lead electrocardiosignal acquisition equipment in different scenes is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of biomedical signal acquisition technology, and in particular to a universal 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition module that can be directly integrated with a user development board. The module is particularly suitable for 12-lead ECG signal acquisition in medical equipment, wearable health monitoring equipment, and scientific research instruments. Background Art

[0002] As a key physiological indicator reflecting cardiac electrical activity, ECG signals encompass important information such as heart rhythm, waveform morphology, and myocardial ischemia, and are of great value in clinical diagnosis, health monitoring, and other fields. Among them, the standard 12-lead ECG can comprehensively capture the electrical activity characteristics of different parts of the heart, providing a richer basis for disease diagnosis. However, current ECG signal acquisition technology has significant limitations: First, most 12-lead acquisition systems are dedicated devices with large size and inconsistent interface standards, making them difficult to quickly adapt to user-developed medical instruments or wearable devices, significantly increasing the difficulty of integration. Second, the filtering parameters (such as cutoff frequency and filter type) and acquisition parameters (such as gain and sampling rate) of existing acquisition modules are mostly fixed configurations, which cannot be dynamically adjusted to meet the diverse needs of clinical diagnosis, daily monitoring, and other scenarios. Third, because ECG signals are extremely weak, they are easily affected by noise such as environmental electromagnetic interference and human motion artifacts, and traditional solutions have limited ability to ensure signal quality in complex environments. In addition, some products achieve ECG acquisition functions through self-designed circuit boards, which not only relies on professionals to develop weak signal processing hardware circuits, resulting in lengthy development cycles and increased costs, but also leads to the problem of duplicate resource investment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings, the present invention provides a universal module that integrates a signal conditioning and acquisition module, an analog filter module, a main control module, and a power management module on the same PCB board. The module achieves standardized connection with the user development board through a stamp hole pin process, supports dynamic configuration of gain, sampling rate, filter parameters, etc., and combines a multi-stage filtering design with an anti-interference circuit to ensure the acquisition quality of 12-lead weak ECG signals, avoids users from independently developing weak signal processing circuits, and shortens the integrated development cycle of medical equipment.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] A 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module, characterized by comprising: a signal conditioning and acquisition module, an analog filter module, a main controller module, a power management module, and 12-lead ECG signal pins, inter-board communication pins, and power pins;

[0006] The 12-lead ECG signal pin receives the original body surface potential analog signal from the standard 12-lead electrodes (RA, LA, RL, LL, V1-V6) and transmits it to the input end of the analog filter module;

[0007] The output end of the analog filter module is connected to the input end of the signal conditioning and acquisition module, and is used to filter the original ECG analog signal;

[0008] The digital output end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit of the signal conditioning and acquisition module is connected to the digital interface of the main control module, for converting the filtered analog signal into a digital signal and transmitting it to the main controller module;

[0009] The first control end of the main controller module is connected to the control interface of the signal conditioning and acquisition module, the second control end is connected to the control interface of the analog filter module, and the data exchange end is connected to the inter-board communication pin;

[0010] The main controller module receives the digital signal, exchanges data with the external device through the inter-board communication pin, and sends adjustment signals of gain, sampling rate, and resolution to the signal conditioning and acquisition module based on the configuration instructions from the inter-board communication pin, and sends adjustment signals of filter type, cutoff frequency, and order to the analog filter module;

[0011] The input end of the power management module is connected to the power pin, and the output end is connected to the power end of each module for providing an operating voltage;

[0012] The signal conditioning and acquisition module, analog filter module, main controller module and power management module are integrated into the same PCB board. A stamp hole pin array is provided in the edge area of the PCB board. The 12-lead ECG signal pins, inter-board communication pins and power pins are welded and connected to the user development board through the stamp hole pin array.

[0013] Preferably, the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module is characterized in that the signal conditioning and acquisition module includes a signal buffer unit, an instrumentation amplifier unit, a programmable gain amplifier unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit connected in sequence, and the programmable gain amplifier unit and the analog-to-digital conversion unit are both provided with a digital control interface and are respectively connected to the control signal output end of the main controller module.

[0014] Preferably, the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module is characterized in that the configuration signal sent by the main controller module to the signal conditioning and acquisition module includes a gain setting signal, a sampling rate setting signal and a resolution setting signal, the gain setting signal corresponds to a gain range of 1-1000 times, the sampling rate setting signal corresponds to a sampling rate range of 128Hz-4096Hz, and the resolution setting signal corresponds to a resolution range of 12-24bit.

[0015] Preferably, the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module is characterized in that: the analog filter module includes a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter and a 50Hz / 60Hz frequency configurable notch filter, and the high-pass filter, low-pass filter and 50Hz / 60Hz frequency configurable notch filter respectively include a digital control interface, and the digital control interface is connected to the control signal output end of the main controller module.

[0016] Preferably, the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module is characterized in that the configuration signal sent by the main controller module to the analog filter module includes a filter cutoff frequency setting signal and a filter order setting signal.

[0017] Preferably, the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module is characterized in that: the inter-board communication pins include SPI interface, I 2 C interface, UART interface and USB interface, and the inter-board communication pins are integrated in the edge area of the PCB board through the stamp hole process and can be directly soldered to the user development board; the configuration instructions are transmitted to the main controller module through the inter-board communication pins.

[0018] Preferably, the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module is characterized in that: the power management module includes an EMI filter circuit, a buck-boost converter, a first linear regulator, a second linear regulator and a charge pump connected in sequence;

[0019] The EMI filter circuit is connected to the power pin and is used to filter out electromagnetic interference introduced by the external power supply;

[0020] The buck-boost converter converts the input voltage into an intermediate voltage and outputs the intermediate voltage to the first linear regulator, the second linear regulator and the charge pump respectively;

[0021] The first linear regulator converts the intermediate voltage into a 3.3V DC voltage to power the main controller module;

[0022] The second linear regulator converts the intermediate voltage into a 2.5V DC voltage to power the positive voltage circuit in the signal conditioning and acquisition module and the analog filter module;

[0023] The charge pump generates a -2.5V DC voltage based on the intermediate voltage to power the negative voltage circuits in the signal conditioning and acquisition module and the analog filter module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram of the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the analog filter module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the signal conditioning and acquisition module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a power management module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the layout of a stamp hole pin array on the edge of a PCB board provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the user development board connection provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a workflow diagram of the universal module for collecting 12-lead ECG signals provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention aims to provide a universal 12-lead ECG signal acquisition module that integrates a signal conditioning and acquisition module, an analog filter module, a main control module, and a power management module onto a single PCB. This module utilizes a stamp-hole pin process to achieve standardized connectivity with user development boards, making the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition function easier to integrate into diverse products. This module supports dynamic configuration of gain, sampling rate, and filter parameters, and combines a multi-stage filtering design with anti-interference circuitry to ensure the quality of 12-lead weak ECG signal acquisition, eliminating the need for users to independently develop weak signal processing circuitry and shortening the integrated development cycle of medical devices.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a universal module for 12-lead ECG signal acquisition, including an analog filter module, a signal conditioning and acquisition module, a main controller module, and a power management module. The module is connected to the user development board via the 12-lead ECG signal pin, the inter-board communication pin, and the power pin. The 12-lead ECG signal pin receives the original ECG analog signal, which is first filtered by the analog filter module and then transmitted to the signal conditioning and acquisition module for conversion into a digital signal. The main controller module exchanges data with the user development board via the inter-board communication pin, dynamically configures the sampling rate and gain of the acquisition module, and the cutoff frequency and order parameters of the filter module, and transmits the processed digital ECG signal back to the user development board. After the power pin is connected to an external power supply, the power management module converts it into the voltage required by each module to power the system.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the analog filter module adopts a three-stage filtering architecture, including a power frequency notch filter, a high-pass filter, and a low-pass filter. The raw ECG analog signal from the 12-lead ECG signal pin first enters the power frequency notch filter, which suppresses 50Hz / 60Hz power frequency interference and effectively filters out grid noise interference on the ECG signal. After the power frequency notch, the signal is then passed through a high-pass filter to remove baseline drift noise caused by respiratory movement, electrode displacement, and other factors. The signal then passes through a low-pass filter to remove high-frequency interference signals such as myoelectric interference and high-frequency electromagnetic noise. Finally, the filtered ECG signal is transmitted to the signal conditioning and acquisition module.

[0038] Among them, the power frequency notch filter, high-pass filter and low-pass filter are all constructed using cascaded switched capacitor filter integrated chips and their peripheral circuits. The main controller module controls the clock signal frequency input to the switched capacitor filter integrated chip, which can accurately control the cutoff frequency parameters of the filter. At the same time, the main control module controls the cascade number of switched capacitor filter integrated chips to achieve control of the filter order.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the signal conditioning and acquisition module includes a signal buffer unit, an instrumentation amplifier unit, a programmable gain amplifier unit, and an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The filtered ECG signal is first input into the signal buffer unit, amplified by the instrumentation amplifier unit, regulated by the programmable gain amplifier unit, and then converted into a digital signal by the analog-to-digital conversion unit.

[0040] Among them, the programmable gain amplifier unit can achieve a gain range adjustment of 1-1000 times, the analog-to-digital conversion unit can achieve a sampling rate range adjustment of 128Hz-4096Hz and a resolution range adjustment of 12-24bit, and parameter configuration is realized through the main controller module.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the power management module adopts a hierarchical power supply architecture to achieve efficient conversion and distribution of a wide range of input power. The external 1.6V-12V power input first enters the EMI filter circuit to filter out electromagnetic interference introduced by the power supply. The purified power signal is then transmitted to the buck-boost converter. The buck-boost converter converts the input voltage into a regulated intermediate voltage, which is then divided into three output paths: one path is converted to a 3.3V DC voltage through the first linear regulator to provide a stable power supply for the main controller module; one path is passed through the second linear regulator to power the positive voltage circuits of the signal conditioning and acquisition module and the analog filter module; and the other path is connected to the charge pump to generate a -2.5V DC voltage to power the negative voltage circuits of the signal conditioning and acquisition module and the analog filter module.

[0042] like Figure 5As shown, the input pins for the 10 electrodes required for a standard 12-lead device—RA, LA, RL, LL, V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, and V6—can be directly connected to a standard 12-lead interface for precise access to raw ECG analog signals. Inter-board communication pins cover multiple busses: USB_DP and USB_DM form a USB differential pair; SPI_MOSI, SPI_MISO, SPI_CLK, and SPI_CS form the SPI bus; UART_TX and UART_RX are universal asynchronous serial ports; and IIC_SCL and IIC_SDA form the I2C bus. These four interfaces enable bidirectional communication, supporting both the user development board sending configuration commands to the main controller (such as dynamically adjusting sampling rate, gain, and filter parameters) and the main controller transmitting real-time ECG data. EX_CLKIN and EX_CLKOUT are responsible for clock signal exchange. EX_CLKIN can connect to an external high-precision clock source to provide a reference timing for the main controller and analog-to-digital conversion unit. EX_CLKOUT can output a synchronized clock to the user development board, ensuring timing consistency for collaborative acquisition across multiple devices. Power pins include VCC (for power) and GND (for ground), providing a basic path for module power supply.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention provides a 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module, which realizes standardized connection with the user development board through the stamp hole pins. The wireless transmission module on the user development board is respectively connected to the inter-board communication pins UART_TX and UART_RX of the module. During configuration, the external host computer software sends parameter configuration commands to the module through the wireless transmission module. During acquisition, the standard 12-lead interface on the user development board is connected to the 12-lead ECG signal pins of the module, and the external standard lead wire is attached to the standard acquisition point of the human body. The collected 12-lead ECG signal is transmitted back to the wireless transmission module of the user development board through the UART_TX and UART_RX pins of the module, and the ECG waveform is finally displayed by the host computer software. The module is powered by the lithium battery connected to the user development board through the power pin.

[0044] like Figure 7As shown in the figure, the workflow of the 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module is as follows: after the module is started, it is first powered by the power management module and the main controller module completes initialization. Then it determines whether an external synchronous clock is connected to determine the source of the system master clock; it polls and waits for configuration commands from the user development board through the inter-board communication pins (USB / SPI / UART / I2C). Once a valid command is captured, the core parameters of the analog filter module and the signal conditioning acquisition module (such as filter parameters, sampling rate, resolution, gain, etc.) and the user communication parameters (baud rate, transmission protocol, etc.) are configured in turn; after the configuration is completed, the 12-lead ECG data acquisition is started. During the acquisition process Real-time monitoring of lead-off abnormalities. If an abnormality is detected, an abnormal flag message is immediately sent to the user development board. At the same time, the processed ECG digital signal is continuously transmitted to the user development board through the selected communication interface. The above-mentioned acquisition, monitoring and transmission processes are executed in a loop until the main controller receives a stop command, and then the entire ECG acquisition and data interaction process is terminated, realizing a complete closed loop from system startup initialization, multi-interface parameter configuration, to signal acquisition, abnormality processing and data transmission. Through multi-communication mode compatibility, medical-grade timing guarantee and full-link abnormality monitoring, the standardization, scalability and high reliability of ECG signal acquisition are ensured, and it is suitable for diverse application scenarios such as diagnostic-level monitoring and daily monitoring.

[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0046] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above examples is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the concept of this invention, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A universal module for collecting 12-lead ECG signals, characterized in that: include: Signal conditioning and acquisition module, analog filter module, main controller module, power management module, and 12-lead ECG signal pins, inter-board communication pins, and power pins; The 12-lead ECG signal pin receives the original 12-lead ECG analog signal and transmits it to the input end of the analog filter module; The output end of the analog filter module is connected to the input end of the signal conditioning and acquisition module, and is used to filter the original ECG analog signal; The output end of the signal conditioning and acquisition module is connected to the input end of the main control module, and is used to convert the filtered analog signal into a digital signal and transmit it to the main controller module; The first control end of the main controller module is connected to the control interface of the signal conditioning and acquisition module, the second control end is connected to the control interface of the analog filter module, and the data exchange end is connected to the inter-board communication pin; The main controller module receives the digital signal, exchanges data with the external device through the inter-board communication pin, and sends adjustment signals of gain, sampling rate, and resolution to the signal conditioning and acquisition module based on the configuration instructions from the inter-board communication pin, and sends adjustment signals of filter type, cutoff frequency, and order to the analog filter module; The input end of the power management module is connected to the power pin, and the output end is connected to the power end of each module for providing an operating voltage; The signal conditioning and acquisition module, analog filter module, main controller module and power management module are integrated into the same PCB board. A stamp hole pin array is provided in the edge area of the PCB board. The 12-lead ECG signal pins, inter-board communication pins and power pins are welded and connected to the user development board through the stamp hole pin array.

2. The 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal conditioning and acquisition module includes a signal buffer unit, an instrument amplifier unit, a programmable gain amplifier unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit connected in sequence. The programmable gain amplifier unit and the analog-to-digital conversion unit are both provided with a digital control interface and are respectively connected to the control signal output end of the main controller module.

3. The 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The configuration signal sent by the main controller module to the signal conditioning and acquisition module includes a gain setting signal, a sampling rate setting signal and a resolution setting signal. The gain setting signal corresponds to a gain range of 1-1000 times, the sampling rate setting signal corresponds to a sampling rate range of 128Hz-4096Hz, and the resolution setting signal corresponds to a resolution range of 12-24bit.

4. The 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog filter module includes a high-pass filter, a low-pass filter and a 50Hz / 60Hz frequency configurable notch filter. The high-pass filter, low-pass filter and 50Hz / 60Hz frequency configurable notch filter respectively include a digital control interface, and the digital control interface is connected to the control signal output end of the main controller module.

5. The 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The configuration signal sent by the main controller module to the analog filter module includes a cutoff frequency setting signal and a filter order setting signal.

6. The 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inter-board communication pins include SPI interface, I 2 C interface, UART interface and USB interface, and the inter-board communication pins are integrated in the edge area of the PCB board through the stamp hole process and can be directly soldered to the user development board; the configuration instructions are transmitted to the main controller module through the inter-board communication pins.

7. The 12-lead ECG signal acquisition universal module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes an EMI filter circuit, a buck-boost converter, a first linear voltage regulator, a second linear voltage regulator and a charge pump connected in sequence; The EMI filter circuit is connected to the power pin and is used to filter out electromagnetic interference introduced by the external power supply; The buck-boost converter converts the input voltage into an intermediate voltage and outputs the intermediate voltage to the first linear regulator, the second linear regulator and the charge pump respectively; The first linear regulator converts the intermediate voltage into a 3.3V DC voltage to power the main controller module; The second linear regulator converts the intermediate voltage into a 2.5V DC voltage to power the positive voltage circuit in the signal conditioning and acquisition module and the analog filter module; The charge pump generates a -2.5V DC voltage based on the intermediate voltage to power the negative voltage circuits in the signal conditioning and acquisition module and the analog filter module.

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