Three-phase jet flow synergistic fire extinguishing device and fire behavior judgment method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire fighting, in particular to a three-phase jet flow synergistic fire extinguishing device and a fire behavior judgment method, and the three-phase jet flow synergistic fire extinguishing device comprises a detection unit, an analysis unit and a jet unit. The spraying unit emits water, foam and dry powder probe flow; the detection unit captures flame interaction characteristics through a high-speed camera; the analysis unit generates fire source characteristic data through an STA-CNN model; the injection unit dynamically adjusts the medium ratio, the jet flow form and the injection angle. Through the multi-phase medium self-feedback recognition and dynamic reconstruction technology, the fire behavior recognition accuracy and the fire extinguishing efficiency are improved, the problems that a traditional device is low in single medium efficiency and poor in response capacity are solved, intelligent and multifunctional integrated fire extinguishing is achieved, and an efficient solution is provided for a complex fire scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fire safety, and in particular relates to a three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device and a fire condition determination method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional fire-fighting technology is widely used in dealing with various fire scenarios, but some problems have gradually been exposed in actual operations. These problems have promoted the development of three-phase jet collaborative fire-fighting technology.

[0003] Limited efficiency of single-medium firefighting: Traditional fire trucks typically use a single medium, such as pure water, foam, or dry powder, for firefighting. This results in limited coverage and weak re-ignition resistance when dealing with complex fires, such as oil tank explosions and chemical fires. For example, when dealing with chemical fires, a single medium may not adequately isolate oxygen or inhibit free radical reactions, making it difficult to fully control the fire, impacting both efficiency and safety.

[0004] Inadequate fire identification accuracy: Although three-phase jets can adapt to different fire types, they lack accurate identification of fire source characteristics, resulting in suboptimal fire extinguishing results. For example, existing technologies have limitations in identifying fuel type, combustion stage, and heat release rate, making it difficult to optimally select and mix the extinguishing medium.

[0005] Lack of dynamic response capabilities: Current fire extinguishing systems are slow to respond to real-time changes in fire conditions during the spraying process, making it difficult to dynamically adjust the medium ratio and jet pattern based on fire characteristics. For example, fixed spray angles and medium ratios can reduce the effectiveness of fire extinguishing coverage, thereby affecting overall fire extinguishing performance.

[0006] The current market demand for firefighting technology is shifting towards intelligent and multifunctional integration. For example, firefighting equipment is required to have automatic fire identification, media collaborative optimization, and dynamic coverage capabilities. However, existing technologies still have room for improvement in multi-media interactive feedback mechanisms and real-time dynamic adjustment, and a complete self-feedback identification and parameter reconstruction system has yet to be established. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, solve or at least alleviate the problems of low efficiency of a single medium, inaccurate fire identification, and lack of dynamic response capabilities in traditional fire extinguishing devices in complex fire scenes, and provide a three-phase jet collaborative fire extinguishing device and a fire determination method.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device includes a water source, an air source, a dry powder source and a foam liquid source, and includes a detection unit, an analysis unit and an injection unit arranged in sequence; the detection unit is used to capture the interaction characteristics of flames and probe flows; the analysis unit generates fire source characteristic data based on the captured interaction characteristics; the injection unit is used to emit the probe flow and dynamically adjust the medium ratio, jet shape and injection angle according to the fire source characteristic data.

[0009] In order to further realize the present invention, the following technical solutions may be preferably used: Preferably, the spray unit includes a dry powder jet section, a foam jet section and a water curtain jet section, and the dry powder jet section, the foam jet section and the water curtain jet section respectively emit three medium probe streams in a preset sequence, the detection unit includes a high-speed camera, and the analysis unit includes a spatiotemporal attention convolutional network. The high-speed camera is used to capture the interaction characteristics between the probe stream and the flame, and the spatiotemporal attention convolutional network is used to infer the fuel type, combustion stage and heat release rate.

[0010] Preferably, the dry powder jet portion, the foam jet portion and the water curtain jet portion are coaxially arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; The dry powder jetting portion includes a first venturi tube, wherein the rear end of the first venturi tube is connected to the air source and the throat is connected to the dry powder source; The foam jet part includes a second venturi tube, the rear end of the second venturi tube is connected to the water source, the throat is connected to the air source and the foam liquid source, and the front end of the second venturi tube is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first venturi tube; The water curtain jet part includes a water curtain jet pipe, the rear end of which is connected to the water source and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the second venturi tube.

[0011] Preferably, the dry powder jet section, the foam jet section and the water curtain jet section respectively emit probe streams in sequence at intervals of 0.1 seconds, the initial velocity of the probe stream is 20-30 m / s, and the coverage range is an area with a diameter of 1-2 meters; the frame rate of the high-speed camera is 1000 fps, and the resolution is not less than 1920×1080.

[0012] Preferably, the analysis unit establishes a medium-flame reaction characteristic database, which includes interaction maps of multiple types of typical fires. The interaction map of each type of fire covers the foam expansion rate curve, the dry powder precipitation trajectory distribution map and the water mist evaporation rate change trend; the spatiotemporal attention convolutional network model infers the fire source characteristics through dynamic response within 0.5 seconds.

[0013] Preferably, the spraying unit also includes a control module, which is used to control the emission timing of the dry powder jet part, the foam jet part and the water curtain jet part, and adjust the ratio of the three media of dry powder, foam and water sprayed by the dry powder jet part, the foam jet part and the water curtain jet part.

[0014] A fire condition determination method, using the above-mentioned three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device, comprises the following steps: S1. Emit three medium probe streams through the injection unit according to a preset time sequence; S2. Capture the interaction characteristics of flame and medium through the detection unit to extract the foam expansion rate, dry powder deposition trajectory and water mist evaporation rate; S3. Inputting the captured interaction features into the analysis unit to generate fire source characteristic data; the fuel type, combustion stage, and heat release rate in the fire source characteristic data correspond to different weight coefficients, and the sum of the weight coefficients is 1; S4. Dynamically adjust the medium ratio, jet shape and spray angle of the spray unit according to the fire source characteristic data.

[0015] Preferably, the specific strategy for dynamically adjusting the medium ratio in step S4 is: when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fuel is a flammable liquid and the heat release rate is high, the foam ratio is increased to 60%-70%, and the water and dry powder ratios are reduced; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fuel is a solid substance and the combustion stage is in the early stage, the dry powder ratio is increased to 50%-60%, and the water and foam ratios are reduced; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fuel is a gas and the combustion stage is in the middle stage, the water ratio is increased to 70%-80%, and the foam and dry powder ratios are reduced.

[0016] Preferably, the specific strategy for dynamically adjusting the jet morphology in step S4 is: when the fire source characteristic data shows that the combustion area is small, a continuous jet morphology is adopted; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the combustion area is large, a pulse jet morphology is adopted; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the combustion area is dispersed, an atomized jet morphology is adopted.

[0017] Preferably, the specific strategy for dynamically adjusting the spray angle in step S4 is: when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fire source position is low, the spray angle is deflected downward by 10°-15°; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fire source position is high, the spray angle is deflected upward by 10°-15°; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fire source position is centered, the spray angle is kept unchanged.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device of this invention significantly improves the accuracy of fire identification through multiphase medium self-feedback recognition technology. The jet unit emits three medium probe streams in a preset sequence. A high-speed camera captures the interaction characteristics of the flame and the medium. The analysis unit generates fire source characteristic data based on these captured characteristics, achieving an identification accuracy rate of 98.7%. This design solves the problem of traditional fire extinguishing devices that suffer from inaccurate fire condition assessment, making the fire extinguishing process more intelligent and efficient.

[0019] The three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device of this invention achieves coordinated optimization of fire extinguishing media through a dynamic jet parameter reconstruction system. The ratio of water, foam, and dry powder is dynamically adjusted based on fire source characteristics. The angle deflection mechanism dynamically deflects within ±15° to ensure optimal coverage. This design addresses the issues of fixed medium ratios and limited coverage in traditional fire extinguishing devices, improving fire extinguishing efficiency and preventing rekindling.

[0020] The three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device of this invention achieves real-time dynamic response during the fire extinguishing process by utilizing a medium-flame reaction characteristic database and the STA-CNN model. The database contains interactive maps of multiple typical fire types. The STA-CNN model infers fire source characteristics through dynamic responses within 0.5 seconds, ensuring timely and accurate fire extinguishing strategies. This design addresses the lack of dynamic response capabilities of traditional fire extinguishing devices, making the fire extinguishing process more flexible and reliable.

[0021] The fire assessment method of this invention forms a complete fire extinguishing solution by analyzing fire source characteristic data from multiple dimensions and combining it with a dynamic adjustment strategy for medium ratio, jet morphology, and injection angle. The dynamic adjustment strategy is selected based on weighted coefficients for fuel type, combustion stage, and heat release rate, and the final adjustment strategy is determined by calculating a comprehensive score. This design addresses the limitations of traditional fire extinguishing methods, which are limited in adaptability and provide a more targeted and scientific approach to the extinguishing process.

[0022] The three-phase jet collaborative fire extinguishing device of the present invention not only solves the application difficulties of traditional fire extinguishing devices in complex fire scenes, but also realizes the intelligence and multifunctional integration of the fire extinguishing process through multi-phase medium self-feedback identification technology and jet parameter dynamic reconstruction system, providing a new direction for the development of modern fire fighting technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the injection unit of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the injection unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of the dynamic adjustment strategy of the present invention; Among them: 1- dry powder jet part; 2- foam jet part; 3- water curtain jet part; 11- first venturi tube; 21- second venturi tube; 31- water curtain jet tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0026] The three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device and fire condition determination method of the present invention achieves efficient fire extinguishing in complex fire scenes through the coordinated work of the detection unit, analysis unit and injection unit. Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The detection unit is located at the front of the device, the analysis unit is in the middle, and the injection unit is at the rear. The injection unit comprises a dry powder jet section 1, a foam jet section 2, and a water curtain jet section 3, arranged sequentially and emitting probe streams according to a preset timing. A high-speed camera is mounted above the injection unit, with its lens facing the direction of the probe stream, capturing the interaction characteristics between the flame and the probe stream. The signal output of the high-speed camera is connected to the analysis unit via a data cable, transmitting the captured image data to the analysis unit for processing.

[0028] The core component of the analysis unit is the Spatiotemporal Attention Convolutional Network (STA-CNN), implemented using a software algorithm and running on the analysis unit's processor. The processor connects to the high-speed camera's data line via an interface, receiving image data and performing real-time analysis. The STA-CNN model was trained using a dataset of 500 samples from 12 fire categories. Each sample contains three-dimensional matrix data for foam expansion rate (% / s), dry powder deposition trajectory curvature (m⁻¹), and water mist evaporation rate (ml / s²). The database includes interactive maps of the 12 typical fire categories, including foam expansion rate curves, dry powder deposition trajectory distribution maps, and water mist evaporation rate trends. The output of the analysis unit is connected to the spray unit's control module via a control signal line, enabling dynamic adjustment of spray parameters.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The spray unit includes a dry powder jet part 1, a foam jet part 2 and a water curtain jet part 3. The dry powder jet part 1, the foam jet part 2 and the water curtain jet part 3 are coaxially arranged from the inside to the outside; The dry powder jetting unit 1 comprises a first venturi tube 11 , the rear end of which is connected to an air source, and the throat of which is connected to a dry powder source; The foam jet part 2 includes a second venturi tube 21, the rear end of the second venturi tube 21 is connected to the water source, the throat is connected to the air source and the foam liquid source, and the front part of the second venturi tube 21 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first venturi tube 11; The water curtain jet part 3 includes a water curtain jet pipe 31 . The rear end of the water curtain jet pipe 31 is connected to a water source and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the second venturi tube 21 .

[0030] The detection unit operates as follows: the water curtain jet section 3 first launches a probe stream with an initial velocity of 20 m / s, covering an area with a diameter of 1 meter. 0.1 seconds later, the foam jet section 2 launches a probe stream with an initial velocity of 25 m / s, covering an area with a diameter of 1.5 meters. After another 0.1 seconds, the dry powder jet section 1 launches a probe stream with an initial velocity of 30 m / s, covering an area with a diameter of 2 meters. A high-speed camera captures the interaction characteristics of the probe stream and the flame at a frame rate of 1000 fps with a resolution of 1920×1080. The high-speed camera extracts the foam expansion rate, dry powder settling trajectory, and water mist evaporation rate, and transmits these characteristic data to the analysis unit.

[0031] The analysis unit operates as follows: The STA-CNN model receives interactive feature data transmitted by a high-speed camera and infers the fire source characteristics by comparing the interactive patterns in a database of medium-flame reaction characteristics. The STA-CNN model completes a dynamic response within 0.5 seconds, achieving an accuracy rate of 98.7%. The analysis unit outputs fire source characteristic data, including fuel type, combustion stage, and heat release rate, and transmits this data to the injection unit via a control signal line.

[0032] The spray unit operates as follows: The control module dynamically adjusts the ratios of water, foam, and dry powder based on fire source characteristic data. If the fire source characteristic data indicates the fuel is a flammable liquid with a high heat release rate, the foam ratio is increased to 60%, while the water and dry powder ratios are reduced. If the fire source characteristic data indicates the fuel is a solid and the combustion stage is early, the dry powder ratio is increased to 50%, while the water and foam ratios are reduced. If the fire source characteristic data indicates the fuel is a gas and the combustion stage is mid-stage, the water ratio is increased to 70%, while the foam and dry powder ratios are reduced. The spray angle is dynamically adjusted based on the fire source characteristic data. If the fire source characteristic data indicates a low fire source location, the servo motor controls the rotation axis to deflect downward by 10°. If the fire source characteristic data indicates a high fire source location, the servo motor controls the rotation axis to deflect upward by 10°. If the fire source characteristic data indicates the fire source location is centered, the servo motor maintains the rotation axis angle.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 The fire assessment process is as follows: The detection unit emits three medium probe streams in a preset sequence. A high-speed camera captures the interaction characteristics between the flame and the probe streams, extracting the foam expansion rate, dry powder settling trajectory, and water mist evaporation rate. The analysis unit compares the extracted interaction characteristics with a database of medium-flame reaction characteristics to determine the fire source type and combustion stage. The STA-CNN model infers the fire source characteristics and outputs the fuel type, combustion stage, and heat release rate. The injection unit dynamically adjusts the medium ratio, jet shape, and injection angle based on the fire source characteristic data. When the fire source characteristic data indicates a small combustion area, the nozzle adopts a continuous jet shape. When the fire source characteristic data indicates a large combustion area, the nozzle adopts a pulsed jet shape. When the fire source characteristic data indicates a dispersed combustion area, the nozzle adopts an atomized jet shape. The dynamic adjustment strategy is selected based on the weighting coefficients of the fuel type, combustion stage, and heat release rate, and the final adjustment strategy is determined by calculating a comprehensive score.

[0034] In this embodiment, the device was applied to a chemical plant fire scene. After the detection unit launched a probe stream, a high-speed camera captured a foam expansion rate of 15% per second, a parabolic dry powder settling trajectory, and a water mist evaporation rate of 20% per second. The analysis unit used the STA-CNN model to infer that the fire source was a flammable liquid, the combustion stage was mid-term, and the heat release rate was 500 kilowatts per second. Based on the fire source characteristic data, the injection unit increased the foam ratio to 65%, reduced the water and dry powder ratios, and used a pulsed jet nozzle with a downward deflection of 12°.

[0035] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present invention, the operating principle and implementation steps of the three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device are supplementarily explained below in combination with specific application scenarios.

[0036] In an actual chemical plant fire scenario, the detection unit is first activated to launch a probe stream. The water curtain jet section 3 serves as the first-stage medium emission source. Its internal high-pressure pump accelerates the water flow to 20 m / s, and the nozzle forms a coverage area with a diameter of 1 meter. During this process, the nozzle of the water curtain jet section 3 adopts a tapered design, increasing the water flow velocity by reducing the outlet cross-sectional area, ensuring that the probe stream can quickly reach the fire area and interact with the flames. Subsequently, the foam jet section 2 is activated 0.1 seconds later. Its internal foam concentrate is thoroughly mixed with air to form a high-expansion foam probe stream with an initial velocity of 25 m / s, and the coverage area is extended to a diameter of 1.5 meters. Finally, the dry powder jet section 1 launches a dry powder probe stream at a velocity of 30 m / s, further expanding the coverage area to a diameter of 2 meters. The sequential emission design of the three probe streams not only ensures the independence of the media but also achieves layered detection of the fire scene by gradually expanding the coverage area.

[0037] A high-speed camera is mounted above the spray unit, its lens facing the direction of the probe stream. It captures the interaction between the flame and the probe stream at a frame rate of 1000 fps. The camera's built-in image processing module extracts key data, including the foam expansion rate, the dry powder deposition trajectory, and the water mist evaporation rate. This data is transmitted via a data cable to the analysis unit, where it is analyzed in real time by a spatiotemporal attention convolutional network (STA-CNN) model. The STA-CNN model uses interaction maps from a database of medium-flame reaction characteristics to infer the characteristics of the fire source by comparing the captured feature data. For example, in this example, the high-speed camera captured a foam expansion rate of 15% per second, a parabolic dry powder deposition trajectory, and a water mist evaporation rate of 20% per second. The STA-CNN model calculates that the fire source is a flammable liquid, the combustion stage is mid-stage, and the heat release rate is 500 kilowatts per second. The entire analysis process is completed within 0.5 seconds, with an identification accuracy rate of 98.7%.

[0038] The fire source characteristic data generated by the analysis unit is transmitted to the injection unit via a control signal line. The ratio of water, foam, and dry powder is dynamically adjusted according to the received data. In this embodiment, since the fire source characteristic data shows that the fuel is a flammable liquid with a high heat release rate, the foam ratio is increased to 65%, while the water and dry powder ratios are reduced. The adjustment accuracy is ±0.1%, ensuring the accuracy of the medium ratio. At the same time, the injection angle is dynamically adjusted according to the position of the fire source. Since the fire source is located at a low position, the servo motor controls the rotating shaft to deflect downward by 12° through gear transmission, thereby ensuring the optimal coverage effect of the injection angle.

[0039] The nozzle selects the appropriate jet pattern based on the fire source's characteristic data. In this embodiment, due to the large combustion area, the nozzle uses a pulsed jet pattern. This intermittent injection of the medium enhances the dispersion of the extinguishing agent, thereby improving fire extinguishing efficiency. Furthermore, during the injection process, a pressure sensor monitors the force exerted by the medium on the device in real time. When the pressure sensor detects a force of 50 Newtons, the servo motor fine-tunes the injection angle based on the feedback signal to further optimize coverage.

[0040] In summary, this invention achieves efficient fire extinguishing in complex fires through the timed firing of the spray unit, feature capture by the detection unit, inference of fire source characteristics by the analysis unit, and dynamic adjustment of the spray unit. The coordinated operation of these components ensures intelligent and multifunctional integration of the fire extinguishing process, significantly improving fire extinguishing efficiency and preventing re-ignition.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device, comprising a water source, an air source, a dry powder source and a foam liquid source, characterized in that: It includes a detection unit, an analysis unit and an injection unit arranged in sequence; the detection unit is used to capture the interaction characteristics of flames and probe flows; the analysis unit generates fire source characteristic data based on the captured interaction characteristics; the injection unit is used to emit probe flows and dynamically adjust the medium ratio, jet shape and injection angle according to the fire source characteristic data.

2. A three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray unit comprises a dry powder jet section (1), a foam jet section (2) and a water curtain jet section (3), wherein the dry powder jet section (1), the foam jet section (2) and the water curtain jet section (3) respectively emit three medium probe streams in a preset time sequence, the detection unit comprises a high-speed camera, and the analysis unit comprises a spatiotemporal attention convolutional network, wherein the high-speed camera is used to capture the interactive features between the probe stream and the flame, and the spatiotemporal attention convolutional network is used to infer the fuel type, the combustion stage and the heat release rate.

3. A three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dry powder jet part (1), the foam jet part (2) and the water curtain jet part (3) are coaxially arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; The dry powder jetting portion (1) comprises a first venturi tube (11), wherein the rear end of the first venturi tube (11) is connected to an air source, and the throat is connected to a dry powder source; The foam jet portion (2) comprises a second venturi tube (21), the rear end of the second venturi tube (21) is connected to a water source, the throat is connected to an air source and a foam raw liquid source, and the front portion of the second venturi tube (21) is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the first venturi tube (11); The water curtain jet portion (3) comprises a water curtain jet pipe (31), the rear end of which is connected to a water source and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the second Venturi tube (21).

4. A three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dry powder jet section (1), the foam jet section (2) and the water curtain jet section (3) respectively emit probe streams in sequence at intervals of 0.1 seconds, with an initial velocity of 20-30 m / s and a coverage area of 1-2 m in diameter; the frame rate of the high-speed camera is 1000 fps, and the resolution is not less than 1920×1080.

5. The three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The analysis unit establishes a medium-flame reaction characteristic database, which includes interactive maps of multiple typical fire types. The interactive map of each type of fire covers the foam expansion rate curve, dry powder precipitation trajectory distribution map and water mist evaporation rate change trend; the spatiotemporal attention convolutional network model infers the fire source characteristics through dynamic response within 0.5 seconds.

6. A three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spray unit further comprises a control module, which is used to control the firing sequence of the dry powder jet part (1), the foam jet part (2) and the water curtain jet part (3), and to adjust the ratio of the dry powder, foam and water sprayed by the dry powder jet part (1), the foam jet part (2) and the water curtain jet part (3).

7. A fire condition determination method, using a three-phase jet coordinated fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Emit three medium probe streams through the injection unit according to a preset time sequence; S2. Capture the interaction characteristics of flame and medium through the detection unit to extract the foam expansion rate, dry powder deposition trajectory and water mist evaporation rate; S3. Inputting the captured interaction features into the analysis unit to generate fire source characteristic data; the fuel type, combustion stage, and heat release rate in the fire source characteristic data correspond to different weight coefficients, and the sum of the weight coefficients is 1; S4. Dynamically adjust the medium ratio, jet shape and spray angle of the spray unit according to the fire source characteristic data.

8. A fire condition determination method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific strategy for dynamically adjusting the medium ratio in step S4 is as follows: when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fuel is a flammable liquid and the heat release rate is high, the foam ratio is increased to 60%-70%, and the water and dry powder ratios are reduced; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fuel is a solid substance and the combustion stage is in the early stage, the dry powder ratio is increased to 50%-60%, and the water and foam ratios are reduced; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fuel is a gas and the combustion stage is in the middle stage, the water ratio is increased to 70%-80%, and the foam and dry powder ratios are reduced.

9. A fire situation determination method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific strategy for dynamically adjusting the jet morphology in step S4 is: when the fire source characteristic data shows that the combustion area is small, a continuous jet morphology is adopted; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the combustion area is large, a pulse jet morphology is adopted; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the combustion area is dispersed, an atomized jet morphology is adopted.

10. A fire situation determination method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific strategy for dynamically adjusting the spray angle in step S4 is as follows: when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fire source position is low, the spray angle is deflected downward by 10°-15°; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fire source position is high, the spray angle is deflected upward by 10°-15°; when the fire source characteristic data shows that the fire source position is centered, the spray angle is kept unchanged.

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